Article(id=1241771814406389981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1714060800000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773991071559, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1729785600000, pubDateStr=2024-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773991071559, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773991071559, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991071559, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241771801366299468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='20', pageStart='3649', pageEnd='3840', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773991068450, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991676896, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241774353457681403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241774353457681404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3793, endPage=3798, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241771815006175483, articleId=1241771814406389981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Study on the status quo of co-morbid disease combinations and health-related quality of life in urban and rural chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly people, columnId=null, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the differences in the status of co-morbid combinations and health-related quality of life between urban and rural middle-aged and elderly people, and to provide a reference for improving the health of middle-aged and elderly people with co-morbid combinations of chronic diseases.

Methods

A total of 6 481 middle-aged and elderly people aged ≥50 years with at least two chronic diseases in China Healthy Aging and Reproductive Lifestyle Survey (CHARLS) 2020 were selected. The basic characteristics of urban and rural chronic disease co-morbid middle-aged and elderly people were described, the health-related quality of life was evaluated using the health utility value of EQ-5D-3L, and the combination of urban and rural chronic disease co-morbid combinations was analyzed using the association network diagram and Apriori association rule.

Results

The health utility value of the elderly in urban chronic disease co-morbidities was 0.8532±0.2400, which was higher than that of the elderly in rural chronic disease co-morbidities (0.8409±0.1952). The top five urban strong link chronic disease co-morbidity combination weights were: hypertension+dyslipidemia; hypertension+heart disease; hypertension+arthritis; gastric disease+arthritis; dyslipidemia+heart disease. In rural areas, there were: gastric disease+arthritis; hypertension+arthritis; hypertension+dyslipidemia; and hypertension+gastric disease. Chronic disease co-morbidities in rural middle-aged and elderly people produced 105 association rules and 86 association rules in urban. Among the top 10 association rules in terms of strength of association rules, there were 9 association rules for hypertension and 1 association rule for chronic lung disease in the rural posterior, while there were 6 association rules for hypertension, 3 association rules for dyslipidemia and 1 association rule for chronic lung disease in the urban posterior.

Conclusion

Health related quality of life of elderly people with chronic disease co-morbidities was higher in urban than in rural areas, with emphasis on pain management and depression and anxiety management in elderly people with chronic disease co-morbidities. There are differences in the combination of chronic disease co-morbidities in urban and rural areas, and the binary, ternary, and quaternary co-morbidity associations between common chronic disease illnesses are high, and hypertension and other chronic diseases and co-morbidities are the highest, and attention should be paid to preventive treatment of hypertension.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Qian TONG, Chen-jing PAN, Fang-fang XU, Dan SU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241771817334014380, articleId=1241771814406389981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=城乡慢性病共病中老年人健康相关生命质量和共病组合现状研究, columnId=1228016573844226129, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=疾病预防控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究城乡中老年人共病组合现状和健康相关生命质量的差异,为提升慢性病共病组合中老年人的健康水平提供参考。

方法

选取6 481名中国健康养老与追踪(CHARLS) 2020年≧50岁至少患两种慢性病中老年人。对城乡慢性病共病中老年人的基本特征进行描述,采用EQ-5D-3L的健康效用值评价健康相关生命质量,运用关联网络图和Apriori关联规则对城乡慢性病共病组合进行分析。

结果

城市慢性病共病中老年人健康效用值为0.853 2±0.240 0,高于农村慢性病共病中老年人健康效用值(0.840 9±0.195 2)。城市强链接慢性病共病组合权重占比前五的有:高血压+血脂异常;高血压+心脏病;高血压+关节炎;胃病+关节炎;血脂异常+心脏病。农村有:胃病+关节炎;高血压+关节炎;高血压+血脂异常;高血压+胃病。农村中老年人慢性病共病产生105种关联规则,城市产生86条关联规则,关联规则强度前10位的关联规则中,农村后项为高血压9条,为慢性病肺部疾病1条,而城市后项为高血压6条,为血脂异常3条,慢性肺部疾病的为1条。

结论

城市慢性病共病中老年人健康相关生命质量高于农村,重视慢性病共病中老年人的疼痛管理和抑郁焦虑管理。城乡慢性病共病组合存在差异,常见的慢性病疾病之间的二元、三元、四元共病关联性较高,高血压和其他慢性病并共病率最高,应关注高血压的预防治疗。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
苏丹,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=LIhBY3Xsn/wxVXabqhWhxw==, magXml=PrliPui/7mU0wR7PcEkQ2Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=AMy4cLX48Npbk9sJm/kVwQ==, pdfFileSize=743085, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=JY5AOh5pdvJkyjOmGdE0Og==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=KD0rj2zitPl+PqyxrbiYYw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

童迁(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:健康管理,慢性病预防

, authorsList=童迁, 潘晨靖, 徐芳芳, 苏丹)}, authors=[Author(id=1241771819343086052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241771819510858230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, authorId=1241771819343086052, language=EN, stringName=Qian TONG, firstName=Qian, middleName=null, lastName=TONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Medical Economics and Management, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241771819787682309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, authorId=1241771819343086052, language=CN, stringName=童迁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.安徽中医药大学医药经济管理学院,安徽 合肥 230001, bio={"content":"

童迁(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:健康管理,慢性病预防

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

童迁(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:健康管理,慢性病预防

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241771817564701124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771817573089732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771817564701124, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Medical Economics and Management, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771817581478341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771817564701124, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.安徽中医药大学医药经济管理学院,安徽 合肥 230001)])]), Author(id=1241771819888345613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241771820001591830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, authorId=1241771819888345613, language=EN, stringName=Chen-jing PAN, firstName=Chen-jing, middleName=null, lastName=PAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Medical Economics and Management, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241771820152586781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, authorId=1241771819888345613, language=CN, stringName=潘晨靖, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.安徽中医药大学医药经济管理学院,安徽 合肥 230001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241771817564701124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771817573089732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771817564701124, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Medical Economics and Management, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771817581478341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771817564701124, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.安徽中医药大学医药经济管理学院,安徽 合肥 230001)])]), Author(id=1241771820282610215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241771820408439344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, authorId=1241771820282610215, language=EN, stringName=Fang-fang XU, firstName=Fang-fang, middleName=null, lastName=XU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241771820546851384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, authorId=1241771820282610215, language=CN, stringName=徐芳芳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)药学部, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241771819099816398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771819108205008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771819099816398, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)药学部)])]), Author(id=1241771820676874813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=dansu@ustc.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241771820827869770, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, authorId=1241771820676874813, language=EN, stringName=Dan SU, firstName=Dan, middleName=null, lastName=SU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241771820987253330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, authorId=1241771820676874813, language=CN, stringName=苏丹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)健康管理中心, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241771819213062616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771819225645530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771819213062616, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)健康管理中心)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241771821129859674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Urban and rural), Keyword(id=1241771821268271712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Chronic complications), Keyword(id=1241771821377323623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Middle-aged and elderly people), Keyword(id=1241771821494764141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Co-morbidity combinations), Keyword(id=1241771821633176184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Health-related quality of life), Keyword(id=1241771821767393918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=城乡), Keyword(id=1241771821884834436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=慢性病共病), Keyword(id=1241771822006469259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=中老年人), Keyword(id=1241771822128104082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=共病组合), Keyword(id=1241771823583527578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=健康相关生命质量)], refs=[Reference(id=1241771825269637883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=42, issue=6, pageStart=521, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=佚名, journalName=营养学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=佚名.中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2020年)[J].营养学报202042(6):521., articleTitle=中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2020年), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771825408049920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=42, issue=6, pageStart=521, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Anonym, journalName=Journal of Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Anonym.Report on nutrition and chronic disease status of Chinese residents (2020)[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2020, 42(6): 521. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Report on nutrition and chronic disease status of Chinese residents (2020), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771825517101828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=22, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=李明晖, 刘国恩, 马爱霞, journalName=中国药物经济学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李明晖,刘国恩,马爱霞.中国城乡居民健康相关生存质量研究[J].中国药物经济学2010,(3):22-34., articleTitle=中国城乡居民健康相关生存质量研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771825672291084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=22, pageEnd=34, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Li MH, Liu GE, Ma AX, journalName=China Journal of Pharmaceutical Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li MH, Liu GE, Ma AX. Study on health-related quality of survival of urban and rural residents in China[J]. China Journal of Pharmaceutical Economics, 2010, (3): 22-34. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Study on health-related quality of survival of urban and rural residents in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771825793925908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=24, issue=3, pageStart=85, pageEnd=95, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=姚强, 张耀光, 徐玲, journalName=人口与发展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=姚强,张耀光,徐玲.中国居民健康相关生命质量状况及影响因素研究——基于国家卫生服务调查实证分析[J].人口与发展201824(3):85-95., articleTitle=中国居民健康相关生命质量状况及影响因素研究——基于国家卫生服务调查实证分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771825898783512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=24, issue=3, pageStart=85, pageEnd=95, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Yao Q, Zhang YG, Xu L, journalName=Population and Development, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yao Q, Zhang YG, Xu L. Factors affect Chinese health——related quality of life and the effectiveness of healthcare reforms[J]. Population and Development, 2018, 24(3): 85-95. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Factors affect Chinese health——related quality of life and the effectiveness of healthcare reforms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771825965892382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=8, issue=6, pageStart=e840, pageEnd=e849, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Zhao Y, Atun R, Oldenburg B, journalName=The Lancet Global Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Y, Atun R, Oldenburg B, et al. Physical multimorbidity, health service use, and catastrophic health expenditure by socioeconomic groups in China: an analysis of population-based panel data[J]. The Lancet Global Health, 2020, 8(6): e840-e849., articleTitle=Physical multimorbidity, health service use, and catastrophic health expenditure by socioeconomic groups in China: an analysis of population-based panel data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771826062361379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=372, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Lu J, Wang Y, Hou LH, journalName=BMC Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lu J, Wang Y, Hou LH, et al. Multi-morbidity patterns in old adults and their associated multi-layered factors:a cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2021, 21(1): 372., articleTitle=Multi-morbidity patterns in old adults and their associated multi-layered factors:a cross-sectional study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771826200773416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=47, issue=5, pageStart=1687, pageEnd=1704, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Ng SK, Tawiah R, Sawyer M, journalName=International Journal of Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ng SK, Tawiah R, Sawyer M, et al. Patterns of multimorbid health conditions: a systematic review of analytical methods and comparison analysis[J]. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2018, 47(5): 1687-1704., articleTitle=Patterns of multimorbid health conditions: a systematic review of analytical methods and comparison analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771826402100011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1993, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=9, authorNames=张明园, journalName=精神科评定量表手册, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张明园.精神科评定量表手册[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1993., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771826506957616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1993, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Zhang MY, journalName=Handbook of psychiatric rating scales, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang MY. Handbook of psychiatric rating scales[M]. Changsha: Hunan Science & Technology Press, 1993. (In Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771828021101363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=49, pageEnd=57, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=11, authorNames=李明晖, 罗南, journalName=中国药物经济学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李明晖,罗南.欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)中文版应用介绍[J].中国药物经济学2009,(1):49-57., articleTitle=欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)中文版应用介绍, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771828121764663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=49, pageEnd=57, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Li MH, Luo N, journalName=China Journal of Pharmaceutical Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li MH, Luo N.Introduction to the application of the Chinese version of the European five-dimensional health scale (EQ-5D)[J]. China Journal of Pharmaceutical Economics, 2009, (1): 49-57. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Introduction to the application of the Chinese version of the European five-dimensional health scale (EQ-5D), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771828260176700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=17, issue=5, pageStart=597, pageEnd=604, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Liu GG, Wu HY, Li MH, journalName=Value in Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu GG, Wu HY, Li MH, et al. Chinese time Trade-Off values for EQ-5D health states[J]. Value in Health, 2014, 17(5): 597-604., articleTitle=Chinese time Trade-Off values for EQ-5D health states, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771828373422911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=14, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Liu GG, Guan H, Jin X, journalName=Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu GG, Guan H, Jin X, et al. Rural population′s preferences matter: a value set for the EQ-5D-3L health states for China′s rural population[J]. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2022, 20(1): 14., articleTitle=Rural population′s preferences matter: a value set for the EQ-5D-3L health states for China′s rural population, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771828482474819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=35, issue=8, pageStart=73, pageEnd=77, 83, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=15, authorNames=刘晓君, 陈雅婷, 蒙玲玲, journalName=医学与社会, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘晓君,陈雅婷,蒙玲玲,.我国老年人慢性病患病数量与健康相关生命质量的关系[J].医学与社会202235(8):73-77, 83., articleTitle=我国老年人慢性病患病数量与健康相关生命质量的关系, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771828608303944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=35, issue=8, pageStart=73, pageEnd=77, 83, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Liu XJ, Chen YT, Mong LL, journalName=Medicine and Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu XJ, Chen YT, Mong LL, et al. Relationship between the number of chronic disease prevalence and health-related quality of life among older adults in China[J]. Medicine and Society, 2022, 35(8): 73-77, 83. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Relationship between the number of chronic disease prevalence and health-related quality of life among older adults in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771828755104586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=25, issue=3, pageStart=651, pageEnd=660, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Hopman P, Schellevis FG, Rijken M, journalName=Quality of Life Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hopman P, Schellevis FG, Rijken M. Health-related needs of People with multiple chronic diseases: differences and underlying factors[J]. Quality of Life Research, 2016, 25(3): 651-660., articleTitle=Health-related needs of People with multiple chronic diseases: differences and underlying factors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771828847379277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=8, issue=1, pageStart=53, pageEnd=65, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Cravello L, Di santo S, Varrassi G, journalName=Pain and Therapy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cravello L, Di santo S, Varrassi G, et al. Chronic pain in the elderly with cognitive decline: a narrative review[J]. Pain and Therapy, 2019, 8(1): 53-65., articleTitle=Chronic pain in the elderly with cognitive decline: a narrative review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771828960625490, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=93, issue=null, pageStart=284, pageEnd=290, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Domenichiello AF, Ramsden CE, journalName=Progressin Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Domenichiello AF, Ramsden CE. The silent epidemic of chronic pain in older adults[J]. Progressin Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 2019, 93: 284-290., articleTitle=The silent epidemic of chronic pain in older adults, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771829057094488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=89, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Sun FN, Zimmer Z, Brouard N, journalName=Health & Place, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun FN, Zimmer Z, Brouard N. Rural-urban residence and Life expectancies with and without pain[J]. Health & Place, 2024, 89: 103305., articleTitle=Rural-urban residence and Life expectancies with and without pain, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771829157757784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=24, issue=10, pageStart=1254, pageEnd=1259, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=21, authorNames=常韵琪, 郑晓, 李咪咪, journalName=中国全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=常韵琪,郑晓,李咪咪,.老年慢性病患者抑郁状态及影响因素城乡差异研究[J].中国全科医学202124(10):1254-1259., articleTitle=老年慢性病患者抑郁状态及影响因素城乡差异研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771829258421086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=24, issue=10, pageStart=1254, pageEnd=1259, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Chang YQ, Zheng X, Li MM, journalName=Chinese General Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chang YQ, Zheng X, Li MM, et al. Depressive symptoms prevalence and influencing factors among urban and rural elderly patients with chronic diseases[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2021, 24(10): 1254-1259. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Depressive symptoms prevalence and influencing factors among urban and rural elderly patients with chronic diseases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771829367472993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=12, issue=null, pageStart=709, pageEnd=720, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Zis P, Daskalaki A, Bountouni I, journalName=Clinical Interventions in Aging, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zis P, Daskalaki A, Bountouni I, et al. Depression and chronic pain in the elderly: links and management challenges[J]. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2017, 12: 709-720., articleTitle=Depression and chronic pain in the elderly: links and management challenges, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771829497496424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=7, pageStart=833, pageEnd=837, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=24, authorNames=方肖肖, 许婉纯, 卢珊, journalName=中国公共卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=方肖肖,许婉纯,卢珊,.中国城乡慢性病患者健康相关生命质量及其影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生202238(7):833-837., articleTitle=中国城乡慢性病患者健康相关生命质量及其影响因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771829577188203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=7, pageStart=833, pageEnd=837, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Fang XX, Xu WC, Lu S, journalName=Chinese Journal of Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fang XX, Xu WC, Lu S, et al. Health-related quality of Life and its influencing factors among urban and rural chronic disease patients in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2022, 38(7): 833-837. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Health-related quality of Life and its influencing factors among urban and rural chronic disease patients in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771829698823022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=15, issue=1, pageStart=78, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Chen HS, Liu Y, Zhu ZJ, journalName=Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen HS, Liu Y, Zhu ZJ, et al. Does where you live matter to your health? Investigating factors that influence the self-rated health of urban and rural Chinese residents: evidence drawn from Chinese General Social Survey data[J]. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2017, 15(1): 78., articleTitle=Does where you live matter to your health? Investigating factors that influence the self-rated health of urban and rural Chinese residents: evidence drawn from Chinese General Social Survey data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771829803680622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=40, issue=6, pageStart=807, pageEnd=810, 816, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=27, authorNames=陈芮, 张良文, 方亚, journalName=中国卫生统计, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈芮,张良文,方亚.城乡居民基本医疗保险对中老年人卫生服务利用的影响[J].中国卫生统计202340(6):807-810, 816., articleTitle=城乡居民基本医疗保险对中老年人卫生服务利用的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771829988230003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=40, issue=6, pageStart=807, pageEnd=810, 816, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Chen R, Zhang LW, Fang Y, journalName=Chinese Journal of Health Statistics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen R, Zhang LW, Fang Y. Impact of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents on health service utilization among middle-aged and elderly people[J].Chinese Journal of Health Statistics, 2023, 40(6): 807-810, 816. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Impact of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents on health service utilization among middle-aged and elderly people, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830084698996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=40, issue=10, pageStart=73, pageEnd=83, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=29, authorNames=王艳萍, 李涵, 干梦芳, journalName=当代经济, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王艳萍,李涵,干梦芳,.基本公共服务支出、经济发展与城乡收入差距[J].当代经济202340(10):73-83., articleTitle=基本公共服务支出、经济发展与城乡收入差距, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830193750903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=40, issue=10, pageStart=73, pageEnd=83, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Wang YP, Li H, Gan MF, journalName=Contemporary Economy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang YP, Li H, Gan MF, et al. Basic public service expenditure, economic development and urban-rural income gap[J]. Contemporary Economy, 2023, 40(10): 73-83. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Basic public service expenditure, economic development and urban-rural income gap, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830290219898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=14, issue=null, pageStart=1449, pageEnd=1455, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Fan ZY, Yang Y, Zhang CH, journalName=International Journal of General Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fan ZY, Yang Y, Zhang CH, et al. Prevalence and patterns of comorbidity among middle-aged and elderly people in China: A cross-sectional study based on CHARLS data[J]. International Journal of General Medicine, 2021, 14: 1449-1455., articleTitle=Prevalence and patterns of comorbidity among middle-aged and elderly people in China: A cross-sectional study based on CHARLS data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830378300284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=135, issue=6, pageStart=648, pageEnd=657, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Fan JN, Sun ZJ, Yu CQ, journalName=Chinese Medical Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fan JN, Sun ZJ, Yu CQ, et al. Multimorbidity patterns and association with mortality in 0.5 million Chinese adults[J]. Chinese Medical Journal, 2022, 135(6): 648-657., articleTitle=Multimorbidity patterns and association with mortality in 0.5 million Chinese adults, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830495740800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=19, issue=6, pageStart=683, pageEnd=687, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=33, authorNames=贾勇, 梅祎祎, 盛楚乔, journalName=中国全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=贾勇,梅祎祎,盛楚乔,.55岁及以上城市居民慢性病共病现状调查及相关性分析[J].中国全科医学201619(6):683-687., articleTitle=55岁及以上城市居民慢性病共病现状调查及相关性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830592209793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=19, issue=6, pageStart=683, pageEnd=687, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Jia Y, Mei YY, Sheng CQ, journalName=Chinese General Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jia Y, Mei YY, Sheng CQ, et al. Investigation and correlation analysis of multimorbidity of chronic diseases among residents aged 55 years and over[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2016, 19(6): 683-687. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Investigation and correlation analysis of multimorbidity of chronic diseases among residents aged 55 years and over, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830671901571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=11, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Yu ZJ, Chen YQ, Xia QH, journalName=Frontiers in Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu ZJ, Chen YQ, Xia QH, et al. Identification of status quoand association rules for chronic comorbidity among Chinese middle-aged and older adults rural residents[J]. Frontiers in Public Health, 2023, 11: 1186248., articleTitle=Identification of status quoand association rules for chronic comorbidity among Chinese middle-aged and older adults rural residents, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830768370566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=88, issue=null, pageStart=29, pageEnd=36, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=36, authorNames=Zhu ZC, Heng BH, Teow KL, journalName=Journal of Biomedical Informatics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu ZC, Heng BH, Teow KL. Lifetime trajectory simulation of chronic disease progression and comorbidity development[J]. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 2018, 88: 29-36., articleTitle=Lifetime trajectory simulation of chronic disease progression and comorbidity development, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830856450954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=12, issue=8, pageStart=1, pageEnd=73, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=37, authorNames=北京高血压防治协会, 北京糖尿病防治协会, 北京慢性病防治与健康教育研究会, journalName=中国医学前沿杂志:电子版, refType=null, unstructuredReference=北京高血压防治协会,北京糖尿病防治协会,北京慢性病防治与健康教育研究会,.基层心血管病综合管理实践指南2020[J].中国医学前沿杂志:电子版202012(8):1-73., articleTitle=基层心血管病综合管理实践指南2020, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771830944531341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=12, issue=8, pageStart=1, pageEnd=73, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=38, authorNames=Beijing Hypertension Association, Beijing Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Association, Beijing Research for Chronic Diseases Control and Health Education, journalName=Chinese Journal of Frontiers of Medicine: Electronic Edition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Beijing Hypertension Association, Beijing Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Association, Beijing Research for Chronic Diseases Control and Health Education, et al. Practice guidelines for comprehensive primary cardiovascular disease management 2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Frontiers of Medicine: Electronic Edition, 2020, 12(8): 1-73. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Practice guidelines for comprehensive primary cardiovascular disease management 2020, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241771831028417424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=20, issue=10, pageStart=90, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=39, authorNames=Davis J, Oparil S, journalName=Current Hypertension Reports, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Davis J, Oparil S. Novel medical treatments for hypertension and related comorbidities[J]. Current Hypertension Reports, 2018, 20(10): 90., articleTitle=Novel medical treatments for hypertension and related comorbidities, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241771825013785327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, awardId=82204381, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(82204381), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241771825131225845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, awardId=2021jyxm1799, language=CN, fundingSource=安徽省高等学校省级质量工程项目(2021jyxm1799), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241771817564701124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771817573089732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771817564701124, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Medical Economics and Management, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771817581478341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771817564701124, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.安徽中医药大学医药经济管理学院,安徽 合肥 230001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241771819099816398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771819108205008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771819099816398, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)药学部)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241771819213062616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771819225645530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, companyId=1241771819213062616, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)健康管理中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241771823822602919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Network Diadram of Chronic Disease Co-morbidity Association Strength in Urban Middle-aged and Elderly People, figureFileSmall=8jmY937qDOd/9FV3VBVRBg==, figureFileBig=JY5AOh5pdvJkyjOmGdE0Og==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771823931654831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=CN, label=图1, caption=城市中老年人慢性病共病关联强度网络图, figureFileSmall=8jmY937qDOd/9FV3VBVRBg==, figureFileBig=JY5AOh5pdvJkyjOmGdE0Og==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771824233644736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Network Diagram of Chronic Disease Co-morbidity Association Strength in Rural Middle-aged and Elderly People, figureFileSmall=qPX4nJbs27WpKW1yMXwC5w==, figureFileBig=QwjwU/0nEZ0N+2El2CS1vQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771824355279558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=CN, label=图2, caption=农村中老年人慢性病共病关联强度网络图, figureFileSmall=qPX4nJbs27WpKW1yMXwC5w==, figureFileBig=QwjwU/0nEZ0N+2El2CS1vQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771824464331468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Health-Related Quality of Life of Older Adults with Chronic Disease Co-morbidities in Urban and Rural Areas

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
EQ-5D五个维度存在困难[n(%)]χ2P
城市农村
行动能力97(3.7%)397(5.7%)15.170<0.001
自我照顾能力65(2.5%)206(2.9%)1.4580.223
日常活动能力142(5.4%)475(6.8%)5.9220.015
疼痛/不适725(27.6%)2 516(35.9%)58.315<0.001
焦虑/抑郁651(35.5%)2 425(52.2%)56.417<0.001
健康效用值(0.853 2±0.240 00.840 9±0.195 21.654a0.049
), ArticleFig(id=1241771824577577681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

城市和农村慢性病共病中老年人的健康相关生命质量

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
EQ-5D五个维度存在困难[n(%)]χ2P
城市农村
行动能力97(3.7%)397(5.7%)15.170<0.001
自我照顾能力65(2.5%)206(2.9%)1.4580.223
日常活动能力142(5.4%)475(6.8%)5.9220.015
疼痛/不适725(27.6%)2 516(35.9%)58.315<0.001
焦虑/抑郁651(35.5%)2 425(52.2%)56.417<0.001
健康效用值(0.853 2±0.240 00.840 9±0.195 21.654a0.049
), ArticleFig(id=1241771824690823901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Chronic disease co-morbidity association rules for urban and rural middle-aged and elderly people

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
城市农村
后项前项支持度(%)置信度(%)提升度后项前项支持度(%)置信度(%)提升度
高血压中风12.1072.071.27慢性肺部疾病哮喘10.0372.753.20
慢性肺部疾病哮喘8.3470.593.72高血压中风10.3571.521.28
高血压癌症+心脏病1.3680.001.41高血压中风+心脏病3.9482.511.47
高血压中风+肾脏疾病2.2478.051.38高血压中风+血脂异常4.5880.281.43
高血压中风+糖尿病3.8275.711.34高血压中风+肾脏疾病1.6477.631.39
高血压中风+血脂异常6.8775.401.33高血压中风+糖尿病2.4384.961.52
血脂异常肝脏疾病+肾脏疾病+糖尿病1.2086.361.82高血压中风+糖尿病病+血脂异常1.5188.571.58
血脂异常肝脏疾病+糖尿病+胃病1.3684.001.77高血压中风+糖尿病+心脏病1.1288.461.58
高血压中风+肾脏疾病+血脂异常1.3183.331.47高血压中风+心脏病+血脂异常2.1988.241.57
血脂异常肾脏疾病+糖尿病+心脏病2.6283.331.76高血压中风+糖尿病+关节炎1.4483.581.49
), ArticleFig(id=1241771824858596067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771814406389981, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

城乡中老年人慢性病共病关联规则

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
城市农村
后项前项支持度(%)置信度(%)提升度后项前项支持度(%)置信度(%)提升度
高血压中风12.1072.071.27慢性肺部疾病哮喘10.0372.753.20
慢性肺部疾病哮喘8.3470.593.72高血压中风10.3571.521.28
高血压癌症+心脏病1.3680.001.41高血压中风+心脏病3.9482.511.47
高血压中风+肾脏疾病2.2478.051.38高血压中风+血脂异常4.5880.281.43
高血压中风+糖尿病3.8275.711.34高血压中风+肾脏疾病1.6477.631.39
高血压中风+血脂异常6.8775.401.33高血压中风+糖尿病2.4384.961.52
血脂异常肝脏疾病+肾脏疾病+糖尿病1.2086.361.82高血压中风+糖尿病病+血脂异常1.5188.571.58
血脂异常肝脏疾病+糖尿病+胃病1.3684.001.77高血压中风+糖尿病+心脏病1.1288.461.58
高血压中风+肾脏疾病+血脂异常1.3183.331.47高血压中风+心脏病+血脂异常2.1988.241.57
血脂异常肾脏疾病+糖尿病+心脏病2.6283.331.76高血压中风+糖尿病+关节炎1.4483.581.49
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1770628902248, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1227669854342280188, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902278, updatedTime=1770628902278, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1227669854396806141, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902291, updatedTime=1770628902291, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
城乡慢性病共病中老年人健康相关生命质量和共病组合现状研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
童迁 1 , 潘晨靖 1 , 徐芳芳 2 , 苏丹 3
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2024,51(20): 3793-3798
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2024, 51(20): 3793-3798
城乡慢性病共病中老年人健康相关生命质量和共病组合现状研究
全屏
童迁1, 潘晨靖1, 徐芳芳2, 苏丹3
作者信息
  • 1.安徽中医药大学医药经济管理学院,安徽 合肥 230001
  • 2.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)药学部
  • 3.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)健康管理中心
  • 童迁(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:健康管理,慢性病预防

通讯作者:

苏丹,E-mail:
Study on the status quo of co-morbid disease combinations and health-related quality of life in urban and rural chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly people
Qian TONG1, Chen-jing PAN1, Fang-fang XU2, Dan SU3
Affiliations
  • School of Medical Economics and Management, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230001, China
出版时间: 2024-10-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

探究城乡中老年人共病组合现状和健康相关生命质量的差异,为提升慢性病共病组合中老年人的健康水平提供参考。

方法

选取6 481名中国健康养老与追踪(CHARLS) 2020年≧50岁至少患两种慢性病中老年人。对城乡慢性病共病中老年人的基本特征进行描述,采用EQ-5D-3L的健康效用值评价健康相关生命质量,运用关联网络图和Apriori关联规则对城乡慢性病共病组合进行分析。

结果

城市慢性病共病中老年人健康效用值为0.853 2±0.240 0,高于农村慢性病共病中老年人健康效用值(0.840 9±0.195 2)。城市强链接慢性病共病组合权重占比前五的有:高血压+血脂异常;高血压+心脏病;高血压+关节炎;胃病+关节炎;血脂异常+心脏病。农村有:胃病+关节炎;高血压+关节炎;高血压+血脂异常;高血压+胃病。农村中老年人慢性病共病产生105种关联规则,城市产生86条关联规则,关联规则强度前10位的关联规则中,农村后项为高血压9条,为慢性病肺部疾病1条,而城市后项为高血压6条,为血脂异常3条,慢性肺部疾病的为1条。

结论

城市慢性病共病中老年人健康相关生命质量高于农村,重视慢性病共病中老年人的疼痛管理和抑郁焦虑管理。城乡慢性病共病组合存在差异,常见的慢性病疾病之间的二元、三元、四元共病关联性较高,高血压和其他慢性病并共病率最高,应关注高血压的预防治疗。

城乡  /  慢性病共病  /  中老年人  /  共病组合  /  健康相关生命质量
Objective

To explore the differences in the status of co-morbid combinations and health-related quality of life between urban and rural middle-aged and elderly people, and to provide a reference for improving the health of middle-aged and elderly people with co-morbid combinations of chronic diseases.

Methods

A total of 6 481 middle-aged and elderly people aged ≥50 years with at least two chronic diseases in China Healthy Aging and Reproductive Lifestyle Survey (CHARLS) 2020 were selected. The basic characteristics of urban and rural chronic disease co-morbid middle-aged and elderly people were described, the health-related quality of life was evaluated using the health utility value of EQ-5D-3L, and the combination of urban and rural chronic disease co-morbid combinations was analyzed using the association network diagram and Apriori association rule.

Results

The health utility value of the elderly in urban chronic disease co-morbidities was 0.8532±0.2400, which was higher than that of the elderly in rural chronic disease co-morbidities (0.8409±0.1952). The top five urban strong link chronic disease co-morbidity combination weights were: hypertension+dyslipidemia; hypertension+heart disease; hypertension+arthritis; gastric disease+arthritis; dyslipidemia+heart disease. In rural areas, there were: gastric disease+arthritis; hypertension+arthritis; hypertension+dyslipidemia; and hypertension+gastric disease. Chronic disease co-morbidities in rural middle-aged and elderly people produced 105 association rules and 86 association rules in urban. Among the top 10 association rules in terms of strength of association rules, there were 9 association rules for hypertension and 1 association rule for chronic lung disease in the rural posterior, while there were 6 association rules for hypertension, 3 association rules for dyslipidemia and 1 association rule for chronic lung disease in the urban posterior.

Conclusion

Health related quality of life of elderly people with chronic disease co-morbidities was higher in urban than in rural areas, with emphasis on pain management and depression and anxiety management in elderly people with chronic disease co-morbidities. There are differences in the combination of chronic disease co-morbidities in urban and rural areas, and the binary, ternary, and quaternary co-morbidity associations between common chronic disease illnesses are high, and hypertension and other chronic diseases and co-morbidities are the highest, and attention should be paid to preventive treatment of hypertension.

Urban and rural  /  Chronic complications  /  Middle-aged and elderly people  /  Co-morbidity combinations  /  Health-related quality of life
童迁, 潘晨靖, 徐芳芳, 苏丹. 城乡慢性病共病中老年人健康相关生命质量和共病组合现状研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (20) : 3793 -3798 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458
Qian TONG, Chen-jing PAN, Fang-fang XU, Dan SU. Study on the status quo of co-morbid disease combinations and health-related quality of life in urban and rural chronic diseases in middle-aged and elderly people[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (20) : 3793 -3798 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458
中老年群体是慢性非传染性疾病患病主体[1],导致中老年人身体功能衰退,由此带来的经济负担和社会负担成为了政策制定、医疗改革中的重要考量因素。另外,中国城市与农村在经济发展、医疗健康、居住环境等方面的差异,也是影响中老年群体健康生命质量存在差异的因素[2]
健康相关生命质量是指个体在生命过程中,基于自身的健康状态,功能状况和生活背景等因素,对生活满意度和生命价值的主观评价,可以通过行动能力、自我照顾能力、日常活动能力、精神抑郁程度等方面进行衡量[3]
慢性病共病是指一个人同时患有两种及以上的慢性非传染性疾[4]。近来,不同的慢性病共病组合也日渐成为学术界深入研究的领域,如探究在生活方式、社会环境、人口特征等方面对慢性病不同共病模式产生的不同影响[5],对慢性病共病模式识别方式进行系统评价分析等[6]。本研究筛选中国健康养老与追踪数据库中2020年≥50岁的慢性病共病中的6 481名中老年人作为研究对象,探究其共病组合现状和健康相关生命质量,为提升城市和农村不同慢性病共病组合中老年人健康水平提供参考。
资料来源于最新发布的中国健康养老与追踪(CHARLS)2020年数据库。CHARLS由北京大学国家发展研究院主持,北京大学中国社会科学调查中心等共同实施开展的大型跨学科调查项目。纳入标准:①年龄≥50岁的个体(根据世界卫生组织(WHO)界定该年龄段属于中老年群体;②至少患有两种慢性疾病;③无精神和意识障碍者;④知情同意,自愿参加。数据整理筛选再剔除缺失变量后,最终纳入6 481名。
健康相关生命质量采用欧洲五维度三水平健康量表(EQ-5D-3L),该量表包括行动能力、自我照顾能力、日常活动能力、疼痛或不适、焦虑或抑郁5个维度,每个维度又包括没有困难、有些困难、无法完成3个水平。五个维度中,行动能力维度选择CHARLS问卷中的“去商店困难程度”、“上厕所困难程度”,自我照顾能力维度选择“穿衣困难程度”、“洗澡困难程度”、“吃饭困难程度”、“上下床困难程度”,日常活动能力维度选择“做家务困难程度”、“做饭困难程度”、“打电话困难程度”,疼痛或不适选择“是否经常因为疼痛而难受”。焦虑或抑郁维度主要采用CHARLS问卷中的简版CES-D抑郁量表(center for epidemiologic studies-depression scale),由十个问题组成,每个问题有0~3分评级,所有问题条目得分之和为量表总分,分数越高表示抑郁程度越严重。根据国内研究,将 CES-D 总分≥10分作为划界分,区分有抑郁症状和无抑郁症状。对有抑郁症状研究对象进一步分层,CES-D 总分在10~20分属于有些抑郁症状,CES-D 总分>20属于有严重抑郁症状[7]
利用健康效用值积分体系将健康状态转化为具有运算性质的数值,简称为健康效用值[8]。本研究采用 Liu等建立的适用于城市[9]和农村[10]问卷效用指数值来计算健康效用值,其中城市计算出来的效用值范围在-0.149~1.000,农村为-0.218~1.000,分值越高表明健康相关生命质量越好。
CHARLS问卷中所包含的由医生诊断确诊的慢性病为高血压、血脂异常(高血脂或低血脂)、糖尿病(包括糖耐量异常和空腹血糖升高)、癌症(不包括轻度皮肤癌)、慢性肺部疾病(包括慢性支气管炎或肺气肿、肺心病,不包括肺肿瘤或癌)、肝脏疾病(脂肪肝、肿瘤或癌除外)、心脏疾病(如心肌梗塞、冠心病、心绞痛、充血性心力衰竭和其他心脏疾病)、中风(包括脑梗死和脑出血)、肾脏疾病(不包括肾脏肿瘤或癌)、胃或消化系统疾病(以下称胃病)、情感或精神疾病、记忆相关疾病(如老年痴呆、脑萎缩、帕金森)、关节炎或风湿病(以下称关节炎)、哮喘。
运用SPSS 26.0和SPSS Modeler软件进行统计分析,对城市和农村慢性病共病中老年人的基本特征进行简单描述,对城乡EQ-5D五维度进行χ2分析、对健康效用值进行Z检验,运用关联网络图和Apriori关联规则对城乡慢性病共病组合进行分析,计量资料用()描述,计数资料或等级资料采用百分数、频数、率描述,检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共计纳入6 481名慢性病共病老年人,其中城市居民和农村居民分别为1 834名、4 647名。城市男性占比45.4%,女性占比55.6%,年龄区间在50~59岁为32.0%,在60~69岁区间占比为43.5%,≥70岁占比为24.5%,已婚占比82.2%,吸烟率为22.9%,饮酒率为24.5%,睡眠时长<6小时占比42.9%,有适量体力活动占比55.8%,患两种慢性病占比36.6%,三种慢性病26.7%,四种及以上慢性病16.9%。农村男性占比46.5%,女性占比53.5%,年龄区间在50~59岁为33.6%,在60~69岁区间占比为42.3%,≥70岁占比为24.1%,已婚占比83.4%,吸烟率为27.9%,饮酒率为23.1%,睡眠时长<6小时占比43.8%,有适量体力活动占比56.2%,患两种慢性病占比40.2%,三种慢性病26.5%,四种及以上慢性病16%。
将每个维度的“有些困难”和“无法完成”水平合并统称为“存在困难”,在五个维度中,农村慢性病共病中老年人存在困难的人数比例分别为(5.7%、2.9%、6.8%、35.9%、52.2%)均高于城市慢性病共病老年人(3.7%、2.5%、5.7%、27.6%、35.5%)。其中行动能力、日常活动能力、疼痛/不适、焦虑/抑郁具有显著性差异(P<0.05),城市慢性病共病中老年人的平均健康效用值为0.853 2±0.240 0,农村慢性病共病中老年人平均健康效用值为0.840 9±0.195 2,两者具有显著性区别(P<0.05) ,见表1
使用SPSS Modele软件中的网络图,对城乡慢性病共病中老年人二元共病的链接强度进行描述分析,在城市慢性病共病中老年人中,共有10条强链接慢性病共病组合,权重占比前五的二元组合有:高血压+血脂异常;高血压+心脏病;高血压+关节炎;胃病+关节炎;血脂异常+心脏病。在农村慢性病共病中老年人中,共有13条强链接慢性病共病组合,权重占比前五的二元组合有:胃病+关节炎;高血压+关节炎;高血压+血脂异常;高血压+胃病;高血压+心脏病。城市和农村慢性病共病中老年人中高血压出现的频率都最高。见图1图2
在15种慢性病中,高血压、血脂异常、关节炎是患病率占比前三位的慢性病,其中城市患病率最高的慢性病为高血压103 7(56.5%),农村患病率最高的慢性病为关节炎280 6(60.3%)。对城乡慢性病共病中老年人共病组合分别进行关联规则分析,将最小条件支持度设为1%,最小规则置信度设置为50%,提升度>1。在农村中老年人慢性病共病关联规则中,结果共产生105种关联规则,其中二元慢性病共病关联规则有2条,三元慢性病共病关联规则有20条,四元慢性病共病关联规则有83条,按照置信度高低进行排序,找到关联规则强度占前10位的十种关联规则,其中后项为高血压9条,为慢性病肺部疾病1条。在城市中老年人慢性病共病关联规则中,结果共产生86条关联规则,2条二元慢性病共病关联规则,16条三元慢性病共病规则,68条四元慢性病共病规则,按照置信度高低进行排序,找到关联规则强度占前10位的十种关联规则,其中后项为高血压6条,为血脂异常3条,慢性肺部疾病的为1条。见表2
无论城市或农村,慢性病患病数量越多,慢性病共病中老年人健康相关生命质量越低[11],因此可能对健康相关需求要求多样性更高,基层医疗机构可根据慢性病共病不同数量和不同组合,针对性对其在心理、家庭、性别、年龄、居住地等方面提供多种多样的健康需求服务[12]
在五个EQ-5D维度中,慢性病共病中老年人疼痛/不适、焦虑/抑郁的比例较高,尤其是农村慢性病共病中老年人。有研究显示中老年人疼痛不适的数量在不断的增加,慢性疼痛患病率高达25%~50%[13] ,而衰老正是慢性疼痛的重要危险因素[14],在一项对美国城乡患慢性疼痛居民的预期寿命的研究中发现,农村的预期寿命低于城市,城乡预期寿命差异尤其在东北部和南部最为明显[15]。农村的抑郁/焦虑患病率高于城市,城乡中老年慢性病患者抑郁症状的影响因素不尽相同,因此在对城乡抑郁状况进行防治干预时,可根据城乡的影响因素针对性的进行预防和疾病管理[16]。Zis等人[17]的研究显示,在中老年人群体中慢性疼痛和抑郁症的并存是普遍现象,它们具有双向作用的关系,因此针对中老年群体的疼痛管理和抑郁焦虑预防治疗可同时采取措施。
城市慢性病共病中老年人的健康效用值(0.853 2±0.240 0)大于农村慢性病共病中老年人健康效用值(0.840 9±0.195 2),和既往研究结果相同[18-19]。城乡居民医保影响住院服务的利用,非农户口比农业户口的住院服务利用率更高,可能是城乡医疗卫生资源配置存在差距的原因,而医疗卫生资源配置影响中老年人健康相关生命质量[20]。医疗卫生作为基本公共服务对城乡的收入产生重要影响,而中老年人的收入也是影响健康相关生命质量的重要因素[21]。因此提高农村医疗卫生服务水平,平衡城乡医疗卫生资源配置,整合城乡居民基本医疗保险,有利于改善农村中老年人的健康相关生命质量。
所有患两种慢性病及以上的中老年人中,高血压、血脂异常、关节炎是患病率最高的三种慢性病,和其他相关研究结果相同[22]。有研究发现心脏和代谢性疾病共病(包括糖尿病、冠心病、卒中和高血压)、呼吸道共病(包括结核病、哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病),这两种共病模式对中国成年人的死亡威胁最大[23]。城乡慢性病共病网络图中,最强链接分别是高血压+血脂异常和胃病+关节炎,权重占比前五的慢性病共病所包含的高血压、血脂异常、心脏病、关节炎、胃病之间的强链接性需要关注,根据城乡慢性病共病强链接二元组合的不同,针对性对城乡慢性病共病进行管理。城乡慢性病共病关联规则复杂且区别较大,但常见的慢性病疾病之间的二元、三元、四元共病关联性都较高。在中老年人慢性病病的预防中要重点关注这些疾病患病的筛查,及早进行预防干预,降低死亡率的发生。在本研究中,无论在二元、三元、四元及以上慢性病共病组合中,高血压和其他慢性疾病的共病组合的关联度和强链接性最为常见,研究显示城市慢性病共病人群中高血压和心脏病、糖尿病、脑卒中共病相关性最大[24],农村患病率最高的慢性病共病组合是腰椎骨质减少+高血压[25],和本研究结果相同。Zhu 等[26]在个体水平上模拟终生疾病进展轨迹中发现最常见的终身疾病进展轨迹是:出生→风险再到患高血压→有并发症的高血压→再到死亡,高血压的终生风险接近85%,和本研究结果相对应。高血压是危害健康水平的常见慢性病,通过对高纳低钾、高油高盐等进行不良饮食控制和健康运动、睡眠等方式对高血压进行预防[27],有研究探讨发现开发抗血压疫苗和复方药丸以及新型治疗剂等来提高其处方药的依从性,是用在控制血压的水平对高血压进行临床治疗的最新方向,从而减少与其他慢性疾病的并发风险[28]
综上所述,城乡慢性病共病中老年人共病组合和健康相关生命质量存在差异,环境、个人、遗传等因素可能是形成不同的共病组合模式和不同健康相关生命质量水平的原因。城乡慢性病共病中老年人健康相关水平都有待提高,通过形成良好的生活行为方式、平衡城乡医疗卫生资源配置、加强培养慢性病共病相关医护人员的专业技术和素质等途径,拓展慢性病共病的健康管理的模式,进而提高我国城乡慢性病共病患者的健康相关生命质量。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(82204381)
  • 安徽省高等学校省级质量工程项目(2021jyxm1799)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
佚名.中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2020年)[J].营养学报202042(6):521.
Anonym.Report on nutrition and chronic disease status of Chinese residents (2020)[J]. Journal of Nutrition, 2020, 42(6): 521. (In Chinese)
[2]
李明晖,刘国恩,马爱霞.中国城乡居民健康相关生存质量研究[J].中国药物经济学2010,(3):22-34.
Li MH, Liu GE, Ma AX. Study on health-related quality of survival of urban and rural residents in China[J]. China Journal of Pharmaceutical Economics, 2010, (3): 22-34. (In Chinese)
[3]
姚强,张耀光,徐玲.中国居民健康相关生命质量状况及影响因素研究——基于国家卫生服务调查实证分析[J].人口与发展201824(3):85-95.
Yao Q, Zhang YG, Xu L. Factors affect Chinese health——related quality of life and the effectiveness of healthcare reforms[J]. Population and Development, 2018, 24(3): 85-95. (In Chinese)
[4]
Zhao Y, Atun R, Oldenburg B, et al. Physical multimorbidity, health service use, and catastrophic health expenditure by socioeconomic groups in China: an analysis of population-based panel data[J]. The Lancet Global Health, 2020, 8(6): e840-e849.
[5]
Lu J, Wang Y, Hou LH, et al. Multi-morbidity patterns in old adults and their associated multi-layered factors:a cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2021, 21(1): 372.
[6]
Ng SK, Tawiah R, Sawyer M, et al. Patterns of multimorbid health conditions: a systematic review of analytical methods and comparison analysis[J]. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2018, 47(5): 1687-1704.
[7]
张明园.精神科评定量表手册[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1993
Zhang MY. Handbook of psychiatric rating scales[M]. Changsha: Hunan Science & Technology Press, 1993. (In Chinese)
[8]
李明晖,罗南.欧洲五维健康量表(EQ-5D)中文版应用介绍[J].中国药物经济学2009,(1):49-57.
Li MH, Luo N.Introduction to the application of the Chinese version of the European five-dimensional health scale (EQ-5D)[J]. China Journal of Pharmaceutical Economics, 2009, (1): 49-57. (In Chinese)
[9]
Liu GG, Wu HY, Li MH, et al. Chinese time Trade-Off values for EQ-5D health states[J]. Value in Health, 2014, 17(5): 597-604.
[10]
Liu GG, Guan H, Jin X, et al. Rural population′s preferences matter: a value set for the EQ-5D-3L health states for China′s rural population[J]. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2022, 20(1): 14.
[11]
刘晓君,陈雅婷,蒙玲玲,.我国老年人慢性病患病数量与健康相关生命质量的关系[J].医学与社会202235(8):73-77, 83.
Liu XJ, Chen YT, Mong LL, et al. Relationship between the number of chronic disease prevalence and health-related quality of life among older adults in China[J]. Medicine and Society, 2022, 35(8): 73-77, 83. (In Chinese)
[12]
Hopman P, Schellevis FG, Rijken M. Health-related needs of People with multiple chronic diseases: differences and underlying factors[J]. Quality of Life Research, 2016, 25(3): 651-660.
[13]
Cravello L, Di santo S, Varrassi G, et al. Chronic pain in the elderly with cognitive decline: a narrative review[J]. Pain and Therapy, 2019, 8(1): 53-65.
[14]
Domenichiello AF, Ramsden CE. The silent epidemic of chronic pain in older adults[J]. Progressin Neuro-psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 2019, 93: 284-290.
[15]
Sun FN, Zimmer Z, Brouard N. Rural-urban residence and Life expectancies with and without pain[J]. Health & Place, 2024, 89: 103305.
[16]
常韵琪,郑晓,李咪咪,.老年慢性病患者抑郁状态及影响因素城乡差异研究[J].中国全科医学202124(10):1254-1259.
Chang YQ, Zheng X, Li MM, et al. Depressive symptoms prevalence and influencing factors among urban and rural elderly patients with chronic diseases[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2021, 24(10): 1254-1259. (In Chinese)
[17]
Zis P, Daskalaki A, Bountouni I, et al. Depression and chronic pain in the elderly: links and management challenges[J]. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2017, 12: 709-720.
[18]
方肖肖,许婉纯,卢珊,.中国城乡慢性病患者健康相关生命质量及其影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生202238(7):833-837.
Fang XX, Xu WC, Lu S, et al. Health-related quality of Life and its influencing factors among urban and rural chronic disease patients in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2022, 38(7): 833-837. (In Chinese)
[19]
Chen HS, Liu Y, Zhu ZJ, et al. Does where you live matter to your health? Investigating factors that influence the self-rated health of urban and rural Chinese residents: evidence drawn from Chinese General Social Survey data[J]. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2017, 15(1): 78.
[20]
陈芮,张良文,方亚.城乡居民基本医疗保险对中老年人卫生服务利用的影响[J].中国卫生统计202340(6):807-810, 816.
Chen R, Zhang LW, Fang Y. Impact of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents on health service utilization among middle-aged and elderly people[J].Chinese Journal of Health Statistics, 2023, 40(6): 807-810, 816. (In Chinese)
[21]
王艳萍,李涵,干梦芳,.基本公共服务支出、经济发展与城乡收入差距[J].当代经济202340(10):73-83.
Wang YP, Li H, Gan MF, et al. Basic public service expenditure, economic development and urban-rural income gap[J]. Contemporary Economy, 2023, 40(10): 73-83. (In Chinese)
[22]
Fan ZY, Yang Y, Zhang CH, et al. Prevalence and patterns of comorbidity among middle-aged and elderly people in China: A cross-sectional study based on CHARLS data[J]. International Journal of General Medicine, 2021, 14: 1449-1455.
[23]
Fan JN, Sun ZJ, Yu CQ, et al. Multimorbidity patterns and association with mortality in 0.5 million Chinese adults[J]. Chinese Medical Journal, 2022, 135(6): 648-657.
[24]
贾勇,梅祎祎,盛楚乔,.55岁及以上城市居民慢性病共病现状调查及相关性分析[J].中国全科医学201619(6):683-687.
Jia Y, Mei YY, Sheng CQ, et al. Investigation and correlation analysis of multimorbidity of chronic diseases among residents aged 55 years and over[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2016, 19(6): 683-687. (In Chinese)
[25]
Yu ZJ, Chen YQ, Xia QH, et al. Identification of status quoand association rules for chronic comorbidity among Chinese middle-aged and older adults rural residents[J]. Frontiers in Public Health, 2023, 11: 1186248.
[26]
Zhu ZC, Heng BH, Teow KL. Lifetime trajectory simulation of chronic disease progression and comorbidity development[J]. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 2018, 88: 29-36.
[27]
北京高血压防治协会,北京糖尿病防治协会,北京慢性病防治与健康教育研究会,.基层心血管病综合管理实践指南2020[J].中国医学前沿杂志:电子版202012(8):1-73.
Beijing Hypertension Association, Beijing Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Association, Beijing Research for Chronic Diseases Control and Health Education, et al. Practice guidelines for comprehensive primary cardiovascular disease management 2020[J]. Chinese Journal of Frontiers of Medicine: Electronic Edition, 2020, 12(8): 1-73. (In Chinese)
[28]
Davis J, Oparil S. Novel medical treatments for hypertension and related comorbidities[J]. Current Hypertension Reports, 2018, 20(10): 90.
2024年第51卷第20期
PDF下载
76
33
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458
  • 接收时间:2024-04-26
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-10-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-26
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82204381)
安徽省高等学校省级质量工程项目(2021jyxm1799)
作者信息
    1.安徽中医药大学医药经济管理学院,安徽 合肥 230001
    2.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)药学部
    3.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)健康管理中心

通讯作者:

苏丹,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404458
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏