Article(id=1241771808752472230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405175, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1715443200000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773991070210, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1729785600000, pubDateStr=2024-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773991070210, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773991070210, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991070210, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241771801366299468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='20', pageStart='3649', pageEnd='3840', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773991068450, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991676896, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241774353457681403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241774353457681404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3774, endPage=3780, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241771810795098318, articleId=1241771808752472230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Experimental study of ferroptosis in striatum damage in mice induced by co-exposure of microplastics and manganese, columnId=null, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the role of ferroptosis in striatum damage induced by combined exposure of microplastics and manganese by establishing a mouse model following microplastics and manganese alone or combined exposure.

Methods

Forty SPF male C57 mice were randomly divided into control group, manganese exposure group, microplastics exposure group and combined exposure group. Neurobehavioral tests including rotarod test, open field test and sucrose preference test were performed. The contents of divalent iron, malondialdehyde and glutathione in striatum of mice were detected by using the kit. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of SLC7A11, GPX4 and FPN1 in striatum of mice. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of miR-124. Single factor analysis of variance was used for comparison of multiple groups of data, and LSD test was used for further pairwise comparison.

Results

Behavioral tests showed that the residence time of the rotating rod (all P<0.001), the residence time in the central zone of open field test (all P<0.001), total distance of open field test (all P<0.001) and the sucrose preference rate (Pmanganese=0.010; Pmicroplastics<0.001) in manganese exposure group and microplastics exposure group decreased significantly compared with that of the control group. Compared with the manganese exposure group and microplastics exposure group, the residence time of the rotating rod, the residence time in the central zone of the open field test and the total distance of the open field test of combined exposure group decreased significantly (all P<0.001). In addition, the sucrose preference rate of the combined exposure group was lower than that of the manganese exposure group (P=0.001). At the same time, compared with the control group, the contents of Fe2+ in striatum of mice in manganese exposure group and microplastics exposure group increased (Pmanganese=0.002; Pmicroplastics=0.001), the contents of GSH decreased (Pmanganese=0.015; Pmicroplastics<0.001). The content of MDA in the striatum of mice in microplastics exposure group increased (P<0.001). Furthermore, the contents of Fe2+ and MDA in striatum of mice in combined exposure group were higher than those in manganese exposure group (PFe2+=0.004; PMDA<0.001) and microplastics exposure group (PFe2+=0.008; PMDA=0.007), while the content of GSH was lower than that in the manganese exposure group (P<0.001). The protein expressions of SLC7A11 in manganese exposure group (P=0.010) and microplastics exposure group (P=0.001) were lower than that in the control group. The protein expression of GPX4 in microplastics exposure group was lower than that in the control group (P=0.007), and the protein expression of GPX4 in the combined exposure group was lower than that in the manganese exposure group (P=0.006). The protein expressions of FPN1 in the manganese exposure group (P=0.005) and microplastics exposure group (P=0.002) were lower than that in the control group and the protein expression of FPN1 in the combined exposure group was significantly lower than those in the manganese exposure group (P=0.008) and microplastics exposure group (P=0.005). Compared with the control group, the expressions of miR-124 in striatum of mice in manganese exposure group (P=0.002) and microplastics exposure group (P<0.001) increased. At the same time, the expression of miR-124 in the striatum of mice in the combined exposure group was higher than those in the manganese exposure group and microplastics exposure group (all P<0.001).

Conclusion

Combined exposure of microplastics and manganese might lead to striatum damage in mice through the regulation of ferroptosis, and then cause motor dysfunction and anxiety-depression-like behavior.

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目的

通过建立微塑料和锰联合暴露小鼠模型,探讨铁死亡在微塑料和锰联合暴露致纹状体损伤中的作用。

方法

SPF级雄性C57小鼠40只随机分为对照组、锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组和联合暴露组;应用转棒实验、旷场实验、糖水偏好实验检测小鼠神经行为变化;应用试剂盒检测小鼠纹状体中二价铁离子、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)和谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)的含量;应用Western blotting法检测小鼠纹状体中铁死亡相关蛋白溶质载体家族7成员11(solute carrier family 7 member,SLC7A11)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPX4)、铁泵蛋白(Ferroportin1,FPN1)的蛋白表达;应用实时荧光定量 PCR 法检测miR-124的表达。多组数据比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD检验。

结果

行为学实验结果显示,与对照组比较,锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组小鼠的转棒停留时间(均P<0.001)、旷场实验中央区域停留时间(均P<0.001)、总路程(均P<0.001)、糖水偏好率(P=0.010;P微塑料<0.001)均显著下降;与单独锰暴露组或微塑料暴露组比较,联合暴露组转棒停留时间、旷场实验中央区域停留时间、总路程均显著降低(均P<0.001);此外,联合暴露组小鼠的糖水偏好率低于锰暴露组(P=0.001)。同时,与对照组比较,锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组小鼠纹状体中Fe2+含量升高(P=0.002;P微塑料=0.001),GSH含量降低(P=0.015;P微塑料<0.001),且微塑料暴露组小鼠纹状体中MDA含量升高(P<0.001);此外,联合暴露组小鼠纹状体中Fe2+、MDA含量高于锰暴露组(PFe2+=0.004;PMDA<0.001)和微塑料暴露组(PFe2+=0.008;PMDA=0.007),GSH含量低于锰暴露组(P<0.001);锰暴露组(P=0.010)、微塑料暴露组(P=0.001)小鼠纹状体中SLC7A11蛋白表达均低于对照组;微塑料暴露组GPX4蛋白表达低于对照组(P=0.007),联合暴露组GPX4蛋白表达低于锰暴露组(P=0.006);此外,锰暴露组(P=0.005)、微塑料暴露组(P=0.002)小鼠的FPN1蛋白表达均低于对照组;联合暴露组FPN1蛋白表达显著低于单独锰暴露组(P=0.002)和微塑料暴露组(P=0.005)。与对照组比较,锰暴露组(P=0.002)、微塑料暴露组(P<0.001)小鼠纹状体中miR-124表达均升高;同时联合暴露组小鼠纹状体中miR-124表达高于单独锰暴露组和微塑料暴露组(均P<0.001)。

结论

微塑料和锰联合暴露可能通过miR-124/FPN1调控铁死亡促进小鼠纹状体损伤进而引起运动功能障碍和焦虑抑郁样行为。

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郝瀚,E-mail:
张艳淑,E-mail:
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吴桐(2003—),女,本科在读,研究方向:临床医学

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吴桐(2003—),女,本科在读,研究方向:临床医学

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吴桐(2003—),女,本科在读,研究方向:临床医学

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4.华北理工大学河北省煤矿卫生与安全重点实验室
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注:***:与对照组比较,P<0.001; @@@:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.001;$$$:与微塑料暴露组比较,P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=prEFKhdIPT/UuJpMvEt+sg==, figureFileBig=jLP1PtCLlnZGtj2ZyElHaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771826305635227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Changes of ability of exploratory behavior of experimental mice, figureFileSmall=Rv+92sTAHGBwJDTgYKrrEQ==, figureFileBig=/6QEy17BCJAKLUnYcdiEmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771826381132703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=CN, label=图3, caption=实验小鼠探究行为能力变化情况(, n=10)

注:(A)中央区域停留时间;(B)总路程;(C)站立次数;(D)排便次数。**:与对照组比较,P<0.01;***:与对照组比较,P<0.001;#:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.05;##:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.01;@@@:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.001; $$$:与微塑料暴露组比较,P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=Rv+92sTAHGBwJDTgYKrrEQ==, figureFileBig=/6QEy17BCJAKLUnYcdiEmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771826460824482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Changes of sucrose preference rate of experimental mice, figureFileSmall=Yznj4/hZUQ89uhzvCGLAIA==, figureFileBig=G5JSgOGonasUAk+0jqmx8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771826565682085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=CN, label=图4, caption=实验小鼠糖水偏好率变化情况(n=10)

注:*:与对照组比较,P<0.05;***:与对照组比较,P<0.001; ##:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=Yznj4/hZUQ89uhzvCGLAIA==, figureFileBig=G5JSgOGonasUAk+0jqmx8Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771828033688489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Changes of contents of Fe2 +, MDA and GSH in striatum of experimental mice, figureFileSmall=WlotEdTRQ7Hee6ZJEPAbQQ==, figureFileBig=m4agYtBpUNFXf0Z8l09cgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771828138546093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=CN, label=图5, caption=实验小鼠纹状体Fe2+、MDA、GSH含量的变化情况(n=8)

注:(A)小鼠纹状体Fe2+含量;(B)小鼠纹状体MDA含量;(C)小鼠纹状体GSH含量。*:与对照组比较,P<0.05;**:与对照组比较,P<0.01;***:与对照组比较,P<0.001;#:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.05;##:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.01;@@@:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.001; $$:与微塑料暴露组比较,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=WlotEdTRQ7Hee6ZJEPAbQQ==, figureFileBig=m4agYtBpUNFXf0Z8l09cgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771828247598003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Protein expressions of SLC7A11 and GPX4 in striatum of experimental mice, figureFileSmall=hPvvLjoDamthDEVMZDIpYQ==, figureFileBig=rCZ884zeB/VcB36i/NXk3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771828360844214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=CN, label=图6, caption=实验小鼠纹状体SLC7A11、GPX4蛋白的表达情况(n=3)

注:(A)SLC7A11、GPX4和β-actin的蛋白条带;(B)SLC7A11的蛋白相对表达;(C)GPX4的蛋白相对表达。*:与对照组比较,P<0.05;**:与对照组比较,P<0.01;***:与对照组比较,P<0.001;##:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=hPvvLjoDamthDEVMZDIpYQ==, figureFileBig=rCZ884zeB/VcB36i/NXk3w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771828474090428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Protein expressions of FPN1 in striatum of experimental mice, figureFileSmall=6UI/n5kGZpjh1hZeO0XGIQ==, figureFileBig=NhwCoy8RB98WhDgmUecw4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771828599919549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=CN, label=图7, caption=实验小鼠纹状体FPN1蛋白的表达情况(n=3)

注:(A)FPN1的蛋白条带;(B)FPN1的蛋白相对表达;**:与对照组比较,P<0.01;***:与对照组比较,P<0.001;##:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.01;$$:与微塑料暴露组比较,P<0.01。

, figureFileSmall=6UI/n5kGZpjh1hZeO0XGIQ==, figureFileBig=NhwCoy8RB98WhDgmUecw4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771828742525887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Expressions of miR-124 in striatum of experimental mice, figureFileSmall=n3yowEmZKGLGxLj2kLVVOQ==, figureFileBig=z3NIytubfIThb0pMW7ae4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771828838994881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=CN, label=图8, caption=实验小鼠纹状体miR-124的表达情况(n=8)

注:**:与对照组比较,P<0.01;***:与对照组比较,P<0.001;##:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.01;@@@:与锰暴露组比较,P<0.001;$$$:与微塑料暴露组比较,P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=n3yowEmZKGLGxLj2kLVVOQ==, figureFileBig=z3NIytubfIThb0pMW7ae4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241771828948046787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primer sepuences for Real-time PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称序列(5’ – 3’)
β-actin
上游引物(F)TGAGCTGCGTTTTACACCCT
下游引物(R)TGTTTGCTCCAACCAACTGC
microRNA-124
上游引物(F)GGCATTCACCGCGTGCCTTAATTGT
下游引物(R)GGCAATGACCCCGTCCCTTAATTCT
), ArticleFig(id=1241771829052904390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808752472230, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

Real-time PCR 所用引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称序列(5’ – 3’)
β-actin
上游引物(F)TGAGCTGCGTTTTACACCCT
下游引物(R)TGTTTGCTCCAACCAACTGC
microRNA-124
上游引物(F)GGCATTCACCGCGTGCCTTAATTGT
下游引物(R)GGCAATGACCCCGTCCCTTAATTCT
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铁死亡在微塑料和锰联合暴露致小鼠纹状体损伤的实验研究
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吴桐 1 , 倪凯月 2 , 何新蕾 2 , 焦柯影 2 , 王玉君 3 , 王伟轩 2, 4, 5 , 赵良君 6 , 郝瀚 2 , 张艳淑 2, 4
现代预防医学 | 实验技术及其应用 2024,51(20): 3774-3780
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现代预防医学 | 实验技术及其应用 2024, 51(20): 3774-3780
铁死亡在微塑料和锰联合暴露致小鼠纹状体损伤的实验研究
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吴桐1, 倪凯月2, 何新蕾2, 焦柯影2, 王玉君3, 王伟轩2, 4, 5, 赵良君6, 郝瀚2 , 张艳淑2, 4
作者信息
  • 1.华北理工大学临床医学院,河北 唐山 063210
  • 2.华北理工大学公共卫生学院
  • 3.唐山市传染病医院
  • 4.华北理工大学河北省煤矿卫生与安全重点实验室
  • 5.华北理工大学实验动物中心
  • 6.华北理工大学基础医学院
  • 吴桐(2003—),女,本科在读,研究方向:临床医学

通讯作者:

郝瀚,E-mail:
张艳淑,E-mail:
Experimental study of ferroptosis in striatum damage in mice induced by co-exposure of microplastics and manganese
Tong WU1, Kai-yue NI2, Xin-lei HE2, Ke-ying JIAO2, Yu-jun WANG3, Wei-xuan WANG2, 4, 5, Liang-jun ZHAO6, Han HAO2 , Yan-shu ZHANG2, 4
Affiliations
  • School of Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China
出版时间: 2024-10-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405175
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目的

通过建立微塑料和锰联合暴露小鼠模型,探讨铁死亡在微塑料和锰联合暴露致纹状体损伤中的作用。

方法

SPF级雄性C57小鼠40只随机分为对照组、锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组和联合暴露组;应用转棒实验、旷场实验、糖水偏好实验检测小鼠神经行为变化;应用试剂盒检测小鼠纹状体中二价铁离子、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)和谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)的含量;应用Western blotting法检测小鼠纹状体中铁死亡相关蛋白溶质载体家族7成员11(solute carrier family 7 member,SLC7A11)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(glutathione peroxidase 4,GPX4)、铁泵蛋白(Ferroportin1,FPN1)的蛋白表达;应用实时荧光定量 PCR 法检测miR-124的表达。多组数据比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD检验。

结果

行为学实验结果显示,与对照组比较,锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组小鼠的转棒停留时间(均P<0.001)、旷场实验中央区域停留时间(均P<0.001)、总路程(均P<0.001)、糖水偏好率(P=0.010;P微塑料<0.001)均显著下降;与单独锰暴露组或微塑料暴露组比较,联合暴露组转棒停留时间、旷场实验中央区域停留时间、总路程均显著降低(均P<0.001);此外,联合暴露组小鼠的糖水偏好率低于锰暴露组(P=0.001)。同时,与对照组比较,锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组小鼠纹状体中Fe2+含量升高(P=0.002;P微塑料=0.001),GSH含量降低(P=0.015;P微塑料<0.001),且微塑料暴露组小鼠纹状体中MDA含量升高(P<0.001);此外,联合暴露组小鼠纹状体中Fe2+、MDA含量高于锰暴露组(PFe2+=0.004;PMDA<0.001)和微塑料暴露组(PFe2+=0.008;PMDA=0.007),GSH含量低于锰暴露组(P<0.001);锰暴露组(P=0.010)、微塑料暴露组(P=0.001)小鼠纹状体中SLC7A11蛋白表达均低于对照组;微塑料暴露组GPX4蛋白表达低于对照组(P=0.007),联合暴露组GPX4蛋白表达低于锰暴露组(P=0.006);此外,锰暴露组(P=0.005)、微塑料暴露组(P=0.002)小鼠的FPN1蛋白表达均低于对照组;联合暴露组FPN1蛋白表达显著低于单独锰暴露组(P=0.002)和微塑料暴露组(P=0.005)。与对照组比较,锰暴露组(P=0.002)、微塑料暴露组(P<0.001)小鼠纹状体中miR-124表达均升高;同时联合暴露组小鼠纹状体中miR-124表达高于单独锰暴露组和微塑料暴露组(均P<0.001)。

结论

微塑料和锰联合暴露可能通过miR-124/FPN1调控铁死亡促进小鼠纹状体损伤进而引起运动功能障碍和焦虑抑郁样行为。

微塑料  /  锰暴露  /  神经损伤
Objective

To investigate the role of ferroptosis in striatum damage induced by combined exposure of microplastics and manganese by establishing a mouse model following microplastics and manganese alone or combined exposure.

Methods

Forty SPF male C57 mice were randomly divided into control group, manganese exposure group, microplastics exposure group and combined exposure group. Neurobehavioral tests including rotarod test, open field test and sucrose preference test were performed. The contents of divalent iron, malondialdehyde and glutathione in striatum of mice were detected by using the kit. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of SLC7A11, GPX4 and FPN1 in striatum of mice. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of miR-124. Single factor analysis of variance was used for comparison of multiple groups of data, and LSD test was used for further pairwise comparison.

Results

Behavioral tests showed that the residence time of the rotating rod (all P<0.001), the residence time in the central zone of open field test (all P<0.001), total distance of open field test (all P<0.001) and the sucrose preference rate (Pmanganese=0.010; Pmicroplastics<0.001) in manganese exposure group and microplastics exposure group decreased significantly compared with that of the control group. Compared with the manganese exposure group and microplastics exposure group, the residence time of the rotating rod, the residence time in the central zone of the open field test and the total distance of the open field test of combined exposure group decreased significantly (all P<0.001). In addition, the sucrose preference rate of the combined exposure group was lower than that of the manganese exposure group (P=0.001). At the same time, compared with the control group, the contents of Fe2+ in striatum of mice in manganese exposure group and microplastics exposure group increased (Pmanganese=0.002; Pmicroplastics=0.001), the contents of GSH decreased (Pmanganese=0.015; Pmicroplastics<0.001). The content of MDA in the striatum of mice in microplastics exposure group increased (P<0.001). Furthermore, the contents of Fe2+ and MDA in striatum of mice in combined exposure group were higher than those in manganese exposure group (PFe2+=0.004; PMDA<0.001) and microplastics exposure group (PFe2+=0.008; PMDA=0.007), while the content of GSH was lower than that in the manganese exposure group (P<0.001). The protein expressions of SLC7A11 in manganese exposure group (P=0.010) and microplastics exposure group (P=0.001) were lower than that in the control group. The protein expression of GPX4 in microplastics exposure group was lower than that in the control group (P=0.007), and the protein expression of GPX4 in the combined exposure group was lower than that in the manganese exposure group (P=0.006). The protein expressions of FPN1 in the manganese exposure group (P=0.005) and microplastics exposure group (P=0.002) were lower than that in the control group and the protein expression of FPN1 in the combined exposure group was significantly lower than those in the manganese exposure group (P=0.008) and microplastics exposure group (P=0.005). Compared with the control group, the expressions of miR-124 in striatum of mice in manganese exposure group (P=0.002) and microplastics exposure group (P<0.001) increased. At the same time, the expression of miR-124 in the striatum of mice in the combined exposure group was higher than those in the manganese exposure group and microplastics exposure group (all P<0.001).

Conclusion

Combined exposure of microplastics and manganese might lead to striatum damage in mice through the regulation of ferroptosis, and then cause motor dysfunction and anxiety-depression-like behavior.

Microplastics  /  Manganese exposure  /  Nerve damage
吴桐, 倪凯月, 何新蕾, 焦柯影, 王玉君, 王伟轩, 赵良君, 郝瀚, 张艳淑. 铁死亡在微塑料和锰联合暴露致小鼠纹状体损伤的实验研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (20) : 3774 -3780 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405175
Tong WU, Kai-yue NI, Xin-lei HE, Ke-ying JIAO, Yu-jun WANG, Wei-xuan WANG, Liang-jun ZHAO, Han HAO, Yan-shu ZHANG. Experimental study of ferroptosis in striatum damage in mice induced by co-exposure of microplastics and manganese[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (20) : 3774 -3780 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405175
微塑料是指直径小于5 mm的塑料颗粒,作为新兴且数量庞大的污染物,可通过饮食、呼吸或皮肤接触等方式进入机体[1-3],此外,微塑料具有粒径较小,比表面积大的特性,可通过络合反应、静电作用等形式吸附锰、铅、镉等重金属成为环境重金属污染物载体。有研究显示,聚苯乙烯纳米微塑料暴露可引起小鼠黑质致密体和纹状体中的能量代谢紊乱,进而引起不同程度的帕金森样病变[4]。锰暴露后可透过血脑屏障在黑质、纹状体等部位积累,引起纹状体损伤进而运动功能障碍。纹状体作为重要的皮层下结构,在运动功能、感觉运动整合等方面发挥着重要作用[5]。纹状体是锰神经毒性的重要作用靶点,有研究表明,锰可以通过血脑屏障进入中枢神经系统,在纹状体积累并诱发锰中毒[6]。但是有关微塑料和锰联合暴露后的对纹状体损伤机制还未见报道。
目前铁死亡在神经退行性病变中的作用受到广泛关注。铁死亡的发生依赖于细胞中铁蓄积和膜的脂质过氧化,其主要特征包括胞内Fe2+蓄积、脂质过氧化水平增加、GPX4和GSH含量降低等[7-8]。在铁死亡调节途径中System Xc-作为定位于细胞外膜的氨基酸转运复合体,将胱氨酸由胞外转移至胞内,使后者进一步还原为半胱氨酸,用于胞内抗氧化剂GSH的合成,起到抗氧化和保护作用。SLC7A11/GSH/GPX4信号轴是最经典的铁死亡防御系统之一,其中SLC7A11是构成System Xc-的重要亚基。GPX4是这条信号通路中的核心调控蛋白,能够直接降解脂质过氧化物,抑制脂质过氧化[9]。铁死亡的发生与铁稳态密切相关,FPN1是目前已知的唯一向细胞外运输铁的蛋白质。在人神经母细胞瘤中调控FPN1表达可调控细胞铁死亡的进程[10]。FPN1的表达可受到MicroRNA的调控,有研究表明,miR-124可以下调脑内FPN1的表达,FPN1过表达和miR-124抑制均可减轻老年脑出血模型小鼠脑内铁积累[11]。但是有关铁死亡是否参与微塑料和锰联合暴露致纹状体损伤有待于进一步研究。
因此,本研究通过建立微塑料和锰联合暴露小鼠模型,从铁死亡角度探讨微塑料和锰联合暴露对小鼠纹状体的损伤作用,以期为微塑料和锰联合暴露致神经损伤研究提供理论依据。
YLS-4D转棒式疲劳仪(济南益延科技发展有限公司)、旷场实验视频分析系统(上海欣软公司)、Bio-rad电泳系统(美国Bio-rad公司)、Synergy HT 多功能酶标仪(美国BioTek公司)、VCX130超声波破碎仪(美国Sonics公司)、Biometra Tone 96G反转录仪(德国Biometra公司)、GBOX Chemi XRQ显影仪(中国香港基因有限公司)、ABI实时荧光定量PCR仪(美国Thermo公司)。
纳米聚苯乙烯微塑料(平均粒径为0.2 μm,密度为1.05 g/cm3,固含量为25 mg/ml,折射率:1.6,变异系数为3%~5%,每克微球粒子数:22 748×1010,每毫升微球粒子数:56 870×108,天津大鹅科技有限公司);无水氯化锰(北京索莱宝生物科技有限公司);Fe2+检测试剂盒(日本同仁化学研究所);GSH测定试剂盒,MDA测定试剂盒(南京建成生物工程研究所);BCA试剂盒(碧云天生物技术有限公司);蛋白裂解液,上样缓冲液,脱脂奶粉(北京索莱宝科技有限公司);ECL发光试剂盒(北京普利莱基因技术有限公司)、GPX4一抗、SLC7A11一抗、FPN1一抗、β-actin,辣根过氧化物酶标记的羊抗兔二抗(美国Affinity公司);Trizol RNA提取试剂(美国MRC公司);实时荧光PCR试剂盒,DNA第一链合成试剂盒(瑞士Roche公司)。
40只C57小鼠购自北京华阜康生物科技股份有限公司[动物合格证号:SCXK(京)2019-0008],饲养于华北理工大学SPF级屏障实验室[合格证号:SYXK(冀)2021-007],实验动物伦理审批号为No.LAEC-NCST-2020082。小鼠适应性饲养一周后,根据小鼠体重随机分为对照组、锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组和联合暴露组,每组10只。聚苯乙烯微塑料溶液由超纯水配制,超声震荡后进行灌胃。微塑料组小鼠每天灌胃50 mg/kg聚苯乙烯微塑料溶液,锰暴露组小鼠每天灌胃10 mg/kg氯化锰溶液,联合暴露组小鼠灌胃50 mg/kg微塑料和10 mg/kg氯化锰,对照组灌胃相同剂量的生理盐水,连续染毒8周。
实验前3天用转棒式疲劳仪对小鼠进行适应性训练,第4天进行正式的耐疲劳能力检测,设置好转棒式疲劳仪的初始转速、加速时间、运行时间。以小鼠在转棒上随着转棒旋转做协调运动而停留的时间作为评价其运动协调性的依据。
实验所用箱体为长宽高均为50 cm的无盖立方箱体,箱体底部均分为16个方格,中间4个方格定义为中央区域,将小鼠从箱体的边缘放入实验箱体中,观察小鼠在5 min内的运动情况。记录每只小鼠中央区域的停留时间,总路程,站立次数和排便次数。
实验前在鼠笼一侧放置1%的蔗糖水,另一侧放置纯水,24 h后交换位置。正式实验开始前,小鼠禁食禁水24 h。正式实验开始时,每个鼠笼中均一侧放置1%的蔗糖水,另一侧放置纯水,每12 h更换水瓶位置,记录糖水及纯水消耗量。
称取纹状体组织0.1 g,剪碎、超声,离心(离心半径为4 cm,12 000 r/min离心15 min)取上清,应用BCA进行蛋白定量。取适量上清液严格按照试剂盒说明书进行实验,测量每只小鼠纹状体中Fe2+、GSH和MDA含量。
每组各取3只小鼠纹状体组织,用细胞裂解液充分裂解,BCA法测定蛋白浓度,煮沸变性5 min。选用10%的SDS-PAGE电泳(电压80 V电泳20 min后调至电压110 V电泳1 h)分离蛋白,转膜(电压100 V转膜1 h)后用5%的脱脂奶粉封闭2 h,加入一抗SLC7A11(1:1 000)、GPX4(1:1 000)、FPN1(1:1 000),室温摇床30 min后4℃孵育过夜。次日室温摇床孵育1 h后使用TBST清洗蛋白条带3次,每次10 min;加入二抗(稀释比为1:5 000),室温摇床孵育2 h,TBST洗涤后显影。
Trizol法提取样本总RNA,按照 cDNA第一链合成试剂盒按照说明书步骤将其逆转录为cDNA,使用特定引物对cDNA进行PCR扩增。扩增反应条件为:95 ℃预热60 s,然后按95℃、10 s,60℃、15 s,72 ℃进行50个10 s的循环,72 ℃ 延伸10 min。采 用2-△△Ct法分析miR-124的相对表达水平。各引物序列见表1,内参为β-actin。
结果数据使用SPSS 23.0统计软件进行分析,定量资料结果用来表示,采用单因素方差分析的方法进行组间比较,组间两两比较采用LSD检验,检验水准α=0.05(双侧)。
实验期间,各组小鼠毛色正常、精神状态良好、均无死亡发生,各组小鼠体重变化趋势均随时间增加而平稳上升,且不同组别的小鼠体重未见差异,结果见图1
4组小鼠转棒实验停留时间两两比较,结果如图2所示。相比于对照组,锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组停留时间显著下降(均P<0.001);与单独锰暴露和微塑料暴露相比,联合暴露组停留时间显著降低(均P <0.001)。
4组小鼠中央区域停留时间、总路程、站立次数、排便次数分别比较,两两比较结果如图3所示。与对照组比较,锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组中央区域停留时间(均P<0.001)和5 min内运动总路程(均P<0.001)均显著下降,联合暴露组中央区域停留时间(均P<0.001)和5 min内运动总路程(均P<0.001)显著低于锰暴露组和微塑料暴露组;锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组、联合暴露组小鼠的站立次数均显著低于对照组(均P<0.001);联合暴露组排便次数高于对照组(P<0.001)和锰暴露组(P=0.003)。
4组小鼠糖水偏好率两两比较,结果如图4所示。与对照组比较,锰暴露组(P=0.010)、微塑料暴露组(P<0.001)和联合暴露组(P<0.001)糖水偏好率显著下降,联合暴露组低于锰暴露组(P=0.001)。
实验小鼠纹状体内Fe2+、MDA、GSH状况如图5所示。与对照组比较,锰暴露组Fe2+含量显著升高(P=0.002),微塑料暴露组Fe2+含量(P=0.001)、MDA含量(P<0.001)显著升高,锰暴露组(P=0.015)和微塑料暴露组(P<0.001)GSH含量明显降低;与单独锰暴露组和微塑料暴露组比较,联合暴露组小鼠纹状体中Fe2+、MDA含量高于锰暴露组(PFe2+=0.004;PMDA<0.001)和微塑料暴露组(PFe2+=0.008;PMDA=0.007),Fe2+含量分别是锰暴露组和微塑料暴露组的的1.240和1.218倍,MDA含量分别是锰暴露组和微塑料暴露组的2.062和1.182倍,与单独锰暴露组比较,联合暴露组GSH含量显著降低(P<0.001),降低至单独锰暴露组小鼠纹状体GSH含量的59.8%。
4组小鼠纹状体中SLC7A11、GPX4蛋白表达水平分别比较,两两比较结果如图6所示。锰暴露组(P=0.010)、微塑料暴露组(P=0.001)小鼠纹状体SLC7A11蛋白表达均低于对照组;微塑料暴露组GPX4蛋白表达低于对照组(P=0.007),而联合暴露组GPX4蛋白表达还低于锰暴露组(P=0.006),微塑料和锰联合暴露后小鼠纹状体GPX4蛋白表达量为单独锰暴露组的59.4%。
实验组小鼠纹状体FPN1蛋白表达水平两两比较,结果如图7所示。FPN1蛋白表达在锰暴露组(P=0.005)、微塑料暴露组(P=0.002)和联合暴露组(P<0.001)均低于对照组,以联合暴露组尤为显著,是对照组的34.0%;此外,联合暴露组FPN1蛋白表达低于单独锰暴露组(P=0.002)和微塑料暴露组(P=0.005),联合暴露组FPN1蛋白表达量分别为单独锰暴露和单独微塑料暴露的48.6%和53.4%。
图8结果显示,与对照组比较,锰暴露组(P=0.002)、微塑料暴露组(P<0.001)小鼠纹状体中miR-124表达均升高;同时联合暴露组小鼠纹状体中miR-124表达量分别为单独锰暴露组和微塑料暴露组的1.612和1.268倍,显著高于单独锰暴露组(P<0.001)和微塑料暴露组(P<0.001);此外微塑料暴露组还要高于锰暴露组(P=0.006)。
微塑料在自然环境中广泛分布,如海洋、淡水、土壤、空气等,且可作为载体加速重金属在体内的积累,从而破坏正常的生物功能[12-14]。本研究建立了微塑料和锰联合暴露小鼠模型,结果显示,锰暴露组、微塑料暴露组中央区域停留时间、总路程和站立次数、转棒停留时间、糖水偏好率均比对照组降低;与单独锰暴露组和微塑料暴露组比较,联合暴露组的中央区域停留时间、总路程、转棒停留时间均下降更为显著;此外,联合暴露组的糖水偏好率也低于锰暴露组;提示微塑料和锰联合暴露可加剧小鼠运动功能受损并伴随焦虑抑郁样行为。纹状体是基底神经节的主要组成部分,其在协调机体运动功能和调控焦虑抑郁样行为中发挥重要作用[15]。本研究结果表明,联合暴露组小鼠海马中Fe2+含量、MDA含量显著高于单独暴露组,GPX4含量显著低于锰暴露组;结果提示微塑料和锰联合暴露加重小鼠纹状体的铁死亡。本研究结果与微塑料和铁联合暴露会扰乱老年小鼠脑组织铁稳态,诱导海马和皮质的铁死亡来加重认知障碍的研究结果相似[16]。总之,纹状体铁死亡在微塑料和锰暴露致小鼠运动功能障碍起着重要作用。
机体铁稳态与铁死亡密切相关,包括铁的吸收、转运、储存、利用和铁循环等过程。其中,FPN1蛋白可以将细胞内过量的Fe2+转运至细胞外而维持细胞内的铁稳态,从而对铁死亡过程起到了负向调控作用。阿尔茨海默症病模型Tg2576小鼠疾病发展过程的早期可见皮质和海马神经元中FPN1的缺失,铁蓄积在小鼠脑中的皮质斑块和神经原纤维缠结,参与氧化应激反应并导致神经元氧化损伤[17],且铁死亡抑制剂liproxstatin1 (Lip-1) 或ferrostatin1 (Fer-1)和恢复APP/PS1双转基因小鼠模型脑组织的FPN1活性能有效改善小鼠神经元细胞铁死亡和记忆障碍[18]。此外,有研究显示,帕金森患者脑组织中FPN1的表达也显著下调,与异常增强的铁浓度直接相关[19]。这些发现提示FPN1可能是调控铁死亡的关键分子靶点。本研究中微塑料和锰联合暴露后小鼠纹状体中二价铁离子含量增加。本研究结果显示,与单独锰或微塑料暴露组比较,微塑料和锰联合暴露后小鼠纹状体中FPN1蛋白表达下调,提示微塑料和锰联合暴露可通过影响FPN1的表达参与二者联合暴露致纹状体神经细胞铁死亡。
MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是一类非编码调控单链小分子RNA,可与靶基因mRNA的3′UTR序列结合,从而调控靶基因的表达,进而影响相关蛋白的表达情况。miRNAs通过靶向调控HMOX1、SENP1、EGR1、GSTZ1等铁死亡的关键基因来调节铁死亡易感性[20]。研究表明miR-124在突触的形成、神经信号的传递以及神经元的生长发育过程中扮演着关键角色[21],且miR-124可直接与FPN1的3′-UTR结合来抑制其表达。研究显示在老年脑出血模型小鼠的神经细胞铁死亡中miR-124/FPN1信号通路起重要作用[11]。本研究结果显示,微塑料和锰联合暴露后miR-124表达升高,提示微塑料和锰联合暴露可能通过miR-124调控FPN1的表达参与二者联合暴露致纹状体神经细胞铁死亡。
综上,微塑料和锰联合暴露可加剧小鼠纹状体损伤进而引起运动功能障碍和焦虑抑郁样行为。本研究结果将进一步丰富微塑料和重金属联合暴露致神经损伤的机制,同时也为微塑料和重金属联合暴露致神经损伤的防治提供新的线索。
  • 中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(236Z7728G)
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2024年第51卷第20期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405175
  • 接收时间:2024-05-12
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-10-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-12
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中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(236Z7728G)
作者信息
    1.华北理工大学临床医学院,河北 唐山 063210
    2.华北理工大学公共卫生学院
    3.唐山市传染病医院
    4.华北理工大学河北省煤矿卫生与安全重点实验室
    5.华北理工大学实验动物中心
    6.华北理工大学基础医学院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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