Article(id=1241771808039437283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405405, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1716739200000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773991070040, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1729785600000, pubDateStr=2024-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773991070040, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773991070040, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991070040, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241771801366299468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='20', pageStart='3649', pageEnd='3840', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773991068450, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991676896, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241774353457681403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241774353457681404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3719, endPage=3724, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241771808463062014, articleId=1241771808039437283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Epidemic status and relevant factors on the co-morbidity of spinal curvature abnormality and myopia among primary and middle school students, Guangzhou, 2019-2023, columnId=null, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To analyze the co-morbidity of spinal curvature abnormality and myopia and the relevant factors in primary and middle school students in Guangzhou from 2019 to 2023, so as to provide references for the establishment of the mechanism of Co-morbidity, Shared Etiology, and Shared Prevention of common diseases in students.
Methods From September 2019 to 2023, used stratified random cluster sampling, 4 248, 4 230, 4 266, 25 476, 25 587 primary and middle school students were selected as subjects for spinal curvature abnormality and myopia screening and questionnaire survey. The χ2test was used for comparing the group differences and univariate analysis. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to explore the influencing factors of their co-morbidity.
Results the co-morbidity rates of spinal curvature abnormality and myopia were 2.96%-6.00% from 2019 to 2023 in primary and middle school students in Guangzhou. The differences in the co-morbidity rates among students of each phases of studying and the difference of the co-morbidity rate in primary and middle school students over the past 5 years were statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low BMI junior and senior high school students (OR=1.72, 1.89, 95%CI: 1.11-2.67, 1.47-2.41) were more likely to suffer these two diseases. Primary school students in grades 4 to 6 who had menarche or spermatorrhea (OR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.04-3.02), screening time 2-<3h or≥3h per day (OR=3.06, 2.28, 95%CI: 1.41-6.68, 1.02-5.19), outdoor activities time<2h per day (OR=2.28, 95%CI: 1.22-4.26), junior high school students with low BMI (OR=1.72, 95%CI: 1.11-2.67), whose teacher "never or occasionally" reminded reading and writing posture (OR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.06-2.12), who were not strict with requiring standing and sitting posture themselves (OR=2.51, 1.99, 95%CI: 1.29-4.86, 1.06-3.74), senior high school students with low BMI (OR=1.89, 95%CI: 1.47-2.41) who had activities in the teaching building during recess (OR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.02-1.75), distance from chest to the edge of table "never or occasionally" more than 1 fist away during reading and writing (OR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.05-1.53) had a higher risk of spinal curvature abnormality and myopiaco-morbidity (P<0.05).
Conclusion The co-morbidity of spinal curvature abnormality and myopia was associated with daytime outdoor exercise and sedentary behavior with bad posture. Early screening and early treatment of spinal curvature abnormality and myopia should be strengthened among adolescent students, especially in urban, female and emaciated students.
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目的 分析广州市2019—2023年中小学生脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患流行状况及其相关因素,为学生常见病“共病-共因-共防”机制建立提供参考。
方法 2019―2023年每年9月,采取分层整群随机抽样方法,对广州市4 248、4 230、4 266、25 476、25 587名中小学生开展脊柱弯曲异常和近视筛查以及问卷调查。采用χ2检验比较组间差异和进行单因素分析,采用多因素logistic回归模型探究脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患影响因素。
结果 2019―2023年广州市中小学生脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患率为2.96%~6.00%。各学段学生、总体中小学生5年间两病共患率差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,已来月经或遗精(OR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.04~3.02)、每天视屏时间2~<3h和≥3h(OR=3.06, 2.28, 95% CI: 1.41~6.68, 1.02~5.19)、每天白天户外活动<2h(OR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.22~4.26)的四至六年级小学生,消瘦(OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.11~2.67)、老师“从不或偶尔”提醒读写姿势(OR=1.50, 95% CI: 1.06~2.12)、对坐姿/站姿自我要求不严格(OR=2.51, 1.99, 95% CI: 1.29~4.86, 1.06~3.74)的初中生,消瘦(OR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.47~2.41)、课间休息时在教学楼内活动(OR=1.33, 95% CI: 1.02~1.75)、读写时胸离桌沿“从不或偶尔”超过一拳(OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.05~1.53)的高中生两病共患风险相对较高(P值均<0.05)。
结论 广州市中小学生脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患与日间运动锻炼、不良姿势久坐行为相关。应加强青春期学生,尤其是城区、女性、消瘦学生脊柱弯曲异常和近视早筛早治。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=DvFMhVG6fDIapiCylagngQ==, magXml=jbzdzo8GpkNKIfNXHyyMmw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=LPVLrVyWHX0bSzMWplZOuw==, pdfFileSize=705695, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=SmSSxoFE/mS+LB+oQnuQew==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
孙艺(1990—),女,硕士,主管医师,研究方向:学生常见病防治工作
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24(3): 415-419. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Research status of correlation between myopia and accommodative function, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241771819796070919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, awardId=A2024214, language=CN, fundingSource=广东省医学科研基金项目(A2024214), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241771819913511440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, awardId=20221A011068, language=CN, fundingSource=广州市卫生健康科技项目(20221A011068), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241771820009980439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, awardId=2021-2023-11, language=CN, fundingSource=广州市医学重点学科(2021-2023-11), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241771810228863004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771810233057309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, companyId=1241771810228863004, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of School Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510440, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771810249834527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, companyId=1241771810228863004, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.广州市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生部,广东 广州 510440)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241771810312749094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771810325332009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, companyId=1241771810312749094, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.广州市疾病预防控制中心主任室)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241771810425995315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241771810434383925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, companyId=1241771810425995315, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
3.广东省疾病预防控制中心环境与学校卫生所)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241771817350791596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Comparison of the co-morbidity rate of spinal curvature abnormality and myopia in primary and middle school students in Guangzhou from 2019 to 2023
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 年份 | 脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患率%(检出人数/受检人数) |
|---|
| 小学 | 初中 | 普通高中 | 职业高中 | 中小学 |
|---|
| 2019 | 0.57(12/2 100) | 4.91(54/1 099) | 9.37(74/790) | 6.56(17/259) | 3.70(157/4 248) |
| 2020 | 0.71(15/2 109) | 5.38(58/1 079) | 7.43(59/794) | 12.50(31/248) | 3.85(163/4 230) |
| 2021 | 1.00(21/2 096) | 7.42(83/1 118) | 13.77(111/806) | 16.67(41/246) | 6.00(256/4 266) |
| 2022 | 0.43(49/11 470) | 3.86(233/6 041) | 6.27(357/5 690) | 5.01(114/2 275) | 2.96(753/25 476) |
| 2023 | 0.61(70/11 500) | 3.73(224/6 000) | 6.37(354/5 559) | 6.61(167/2 528) | 3.19(815/25 587) |
| χ2值 | 12.06 | 38.44 | 71.80 | 63.20 | 111.50 |
| P值 | 0.017 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241771817426289077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
2019―2023年广州市中小学生脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患率比较
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 年份 | 脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患率%(检出人数/受检人数) |
|---|
| 小学 | 初中 | 普通高中 | 职业高中 | 中小学 |
|---|
| 2019 | 0.57(12/2 100) | 4.91(54/1 099) | 9.37(74/790) | 6.56(17/259) | 3.70(157/4 248) |
| 2020 | 0.71(15/2 109) | 5.38(58/1 079) | 7.43(59/794) | 12.50(31/248) | 3.85(163/4 230) |
| 2021 | 1.00(21/2 096) | 7.42(83/1 118) | 13.77(111/806) | 16.67(41/246) | 6.00(256/4 266) |
| 2022 | 0.43(49/11 470) | 3.86(233/6 041) | 6.27(357/5 690) | 5.01(114/2 275) | 2.96(753/25 476) |
| 2023 | 0.61(70/11 500) | 3.73(224/6 000) | 6.37(354/5 559) | 6.61(167/2 528) | 3.19(815/25 587) |
| χ2值 | 12.06 | 38.44 | 71.80 | 63.20 | 111.50 |
| P值 | 0.017 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241771817539535295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Univariate analysis of spinal curvature abnormality and myopia co-morbidity ofdifferent phases of studying students from Guangzhou in 2023 (n=19 788)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | 选项 | 小学(n=5 816) | 初中(n=5 958) | 高中(n=8 014) |
|---|
两病共患 [n(%)] | χ2值 | P值 | 两病共患 [n(%)] | χ2值 | P值 | 两病共患 [n(%)] | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 监测点 | 城区 | 61(1.27) | 7.31 | 0.007 | 209(4.30) | 22.66 | <0.001 | 508(6.81) | 21.65 | <0.001 |
| 郊区 | 3(0.30) | | | 14(1.28) | | | 10(1.79) | | |
| 性别 | 男 | 10(0.32) | 37.01 | <0.001 | 56(1.78) | 71.46 | <0.001 | 166(4.15) | 70.81 | <0.001 |
| 女 | 54(1.99) | | | 167(5.94) | | | 352(8.77) | | |
| 消瘦 | 否 | 60(1.16) | 1.67 | 0.196 | 187(3.47) | 11.43 | 0.001 | 433(6.02) | 22.89 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 4(0.61) | | | 36(6.29) | | | 85(10.35) | | |
| 来月经或遗精 | 否 | 42(0.88) | 12.61 | <0.001 | 49(2.06) | 30.82 | <0.001 | 66(5.09) | 4.81 | 0.028 |
| 是 | 22(2.15) | | | 174(4.85) | | | 452(6.73) | | |
| 一周做到每天≥60 min中高强度运动天数 | 0天 | 10(1.86) | 3.30 | 0.192 | 22(4.49) | 2.41 | 0.300 | 116(8.41) | 11.61 | 0.003 |
| 1~6天 | 44(1.06) | | | 173(3.82) | | | 360(6.18) | | |
| 7天 | 10(0.90) | | | 28(2.97) | | | 42(5.17) | | |
| 周末或节假日做到每天≥60 min中高强度运动 | 都能+多数能做到 | 23(0.89) | 2.27 | 0.322 | 49(2.77) | 12.24 | 0.002 | 82(4.95) | 11.60 | 0.003 |
| 一半日子能做到 | 14(1.11) | | | 54(3.28) | | | 95(5.84) | | |
| 几乎+少数能做到 | 27(1.36) | | | 120(4.71) | | | 341(7.21) | | |
| 一周上体育课节数 | 不达标 | 15(0.83) | 1.69 | 0.193 | 16(3.96) | 0.06 | 0.811 | 35(7.16) | 0.42 | 0.520 |
| 达标 | 49(1.22) | | | 207(3.73) | | | 483(6.42) | | |
| 根据身高调整课桌椅高度 | 少于一学年一次 | 25(1.15) | 0.09 | 0.771 | 112(3.64) | 0.18 | 0.673 | 328(6.16) | 2.51 | 0.113 |
| 不少于一学年一次 | 39(1.07) | | | 111(3.85) | | | 190(7.08) | | |
| 课间休息时活动场所 | 教学楼内 | 57(1.27) | 5.10 | 0.024 | 194(4.09) | 7.91 | 0.005 | 454(6.89) | 11.29 | 0.001 |
| 户外 | 7(0.53) | | | 29(2.38) | | | 64(4.48) | | |
| 每天放学后读写时间 | <1 h | 11(0.96) | | | 22(4.65) | 6.70 | 0.153 | 53(5.24) | 3.49 | 0.480 |
| 1~<2 h | 29(1.19) | 0.45 | 0.978 | 63(3.10) | | | 130(6.99) | | |
| 2~<3 h | 15(1.10) | | | 74(3.57) | | | 117(6.39) | | |
| ≥3 h | 7(1.10) | | | 55(4.66) | | | 201(6.60) | | |
| 不知道 | 2(0.95) | | | 9(4.52) | | | 17(6.34) | | |
| 读写时胸离桌沿超过一拳 | 从不或偶尔 | 30(1.08) | 0.02 | 0.882 | 123(3.95) | 0.76 | 0.384 | 336(7.22) | 10.42 | 0.001 |
| 经常或总是 | 34(1.12) | | | 100(3.52) | | | 182(5.42) | | |
| 读写时眼离书本超过一尺 | 从不或偶尔 | 32(1.24) | 0.88 | 0.348 | 122(4.20) | 3.25 | 0.072 | 312(6.96) | 4.09 | 0.043 |
| 经常或总是 | 32(0.99) | | | 101(3.31) | | | 206(5.84) | | |
| 读写时手指离笔尖一寸 | 从不或偶尔 | 31(1.35) | 2.24 | 0.135 | 117(4.31) | 4.42 | 0.035 | 271(6.55) | 0.10 | 0.748 |
| 经常或总是 | 33(0.94) | | | 106(3.27) | | | 247(6.37) | | |
| 老师提醒读写姿势 | 从不或偶尔 | 40(1.18) | 0.48 | 0.487 | 181(4.27) | 11.36 | 0.001 | 435(6.59) | 0.93 | 0.335 |
| 经常或总是 | 24(0.99) | | | 42(2.44) | | | 83(5.89) | | |
| 每天视屏时间 | <1 h | 43(0.99) | 11.45 | 0.010 | 140(3.77) | 2.74 | 0.434 | 257(6.35) | 7.79 | 0.050 |
| 1~<2 h | 6(0.72) | | | 43(4.10) | | | 95(8.00) | | |
| 2~<3 h | 8(2.76) | | | 12(2.45) | | | 61(6.92) | | |
| ≥3 h | 7(1.98) | | | 28(3.94) | | | 105(5.53) | | |
| 躺着或趴着看书或电子屏幕 | 从不或偶尔 | 55(1.05) | 1.55 | 0.214 | 190(3.74) | 0.00 | 0.985 | 399(6.48) | 0.01 | 0.939 |
| 经常或总是 | 9(1.62) | | | 33(3.75) | | | 119(6.43) | | |
| 每天白天户外活动时间 | 不知道 | 4(1.19) | 7.13 | 0.028 | 6(2.53) | 6.71 | 0.035 | 9(3.98) | 9.96 | 0.007 |
| <2 h | 47(1.39) | | | 143(4.30) | | | 388(7.03) | | |
| ≥2 h | 13(0.62) | | | 74(3.09) | | | 121(5.34) | | |
| 每天睡眠时间 | <8h | 10(1.29) | 0.29 | 0.592 | 109(3.97) | 0.74 | 0.389 | 416(6.71) | 2.68 | 0.102 |
| ≥8 h | 54(1.07) | | | 114(3.55) | | | 102(5.63) | | |
| 背书包习惯 | 双肩包背胸前 | 2(1.48) | 2.35 | 0.672 | 1(0.74) | 7.12 | 0.130 | 17(7.14) | 0.20 | 0.995 |
| 双肩包背背后 | 60(1.13) | | | 199(3.75) | | | 434(6.46) | | |
| 双肩包背一侧 | 2(1.09) | | | 12(3.83) | | | 42(6.34) | | |
| 背单肩包 | 0(0.00) | | | 7(7.53) | | | 20(6.41) | | |
| 用带轮书包 | 0(0.00) | | | 4(3.77) | | | 5(6.33) | | |
| 自我感觉书包重量 | 很轻 | 0(0.00) | 6.24 | 0.284 | 10(3.91) | 3.13 | 0.681 | 37(4.89) | 6.82 | 0.235 |
| 较轻 | 3(0.63) | | | 33(4.50) | | | 134(6.54) | | |
| 中等 | 23(0.98) | | | 109(3.74) | | | 249(6.56) | | |
| 较重 | 26(1.45) | | | 47(3.44) | | | 71(7.76) | | |
| 很重 | 11(1.32) | | | 21(3.99) | | | 13(4.98) | | |
| 没感觉 | 1(0.51) | | | 3(1.89) | | | 14(5.88) | | |
| 对坐姿/站姿自我要求 | 无所谓,舒服就行 | 12(1.49) | 3.66 | 0.300 | 54(4.48) | 10.84 | 0.013 | 139(5.44) | 12.82 | 0.005 |
| 有时会监督自己 | 23(1.02) | | | 116(4.02) | | | 290(7.44) | | |
| 时常会提醒自己 | 20(1.34) | | | 42(3.51) | | | 65(6.06) | | |
| 时刻保持良好姿势 | 9(0.72) | | | 11(1.64) | | | 24(4.93) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241771819091427788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
2023年广州市不同学段学生脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患的单因素分析(n=19 788)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | 选项 | 小学(n=5 816) | 初中(n=5 958) | 高中(n=8 014) |
|---|
两病共患 [n(%)] | χ2值 | P值 | 两病共患 [n(%)] | χ2值 | P值 | 两病共患 [n(%)] | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 监测点 | 城区 | 61(1.27) | 7.31 | 0.007 | 209(4.30) | 22.66 | <0.001 | 508(6.81) | 21.65 | <0.001 |
| 郊区 | 3(0.30) | | | 14(1.28) | | | 10(1.79) | | |
| 性别 | 男 | 10(0.32) | 37.01 | <0.001 | 56(1.78) | 71.46 | <0.001 | 166(4.15) | 70.81 | <0.001 |
| 女 | 54(1.99) | | | 167(5.94) | | | 352(8.77) | | |
| 消瘦 | 否 | 60(1.16) | 1.67 | 0.196 | 187(3.47) | 11.43 | 0.001 | 433(6.02) | 22.89 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 4(0.61) | | | 36(6.29) | | | 85(10.35) | | |
| 来月经或遗精 | 否 | 42(0.88) | 12.61 | <0.001 | 49(2.06) | 30.82 | <0.001 | 66(5.09) | 4.81 | 0.028 |
| 是 | 22(2.15) | | | 174(4.85) | | | 452(6.73) | | |
| 一周做到每天≥60 min中高强度运动天数 | 0天 | 10(1.86) | 3.30 | 0.192 | 22(4.49) | 2.41 | 0.300 | 116(8.41) | 11.61 | 0.003 |
| 1~6天 | 44(1.06) | | | 173(3.82) | | | 360(6.18) | | |
| 7天 | 10(0.90) | | | 28(2.97) | | | 42(5.17) | | |
| 周末或节假日做到每天≥60 min中高强度运动 | 都能+多数能做到 | 23(0.89) | 2.27 | 0.322 | 49(2.77) | 12.24 | 0.002 | 82(4.95) | 11.60 | 0.003 |
| 一半日子能做到 | 14(1.11) | | | 54(3.28) | | | 95(5.84) | | |
| 几乎+少数能做到 | 27(1.36) | | | 120(4.71) | | | 341(7.21) | | |
| 一周上体育课节数 | 不达标 | 15(0.83) | 1.69 | 0.193 | 16(3.96) | 0.06 | 0.811 | 35(7.16) | 0.42 | 0.520 |
| 达标 | 49(1.22) | | | 207(3.73) | | | 483(6.42) | | |
| 根据身高调整课桌椅高度 | 少于一学年一次 | 25(1.15) | 0.09 | 0.771 | 112(3.64) | 0.18 | 0.673 | 328(6.16) | 2.51 | 0.113 |
| 不少于一学年一次 | 39(1.07) | | | 111(3.85) | | | 190(7.08) | | |
| 课间休息时活动场所 | 教学楼内 | 57(1.27) | 5.10 | 0.024 | 194(4.09) | 7.91 | 0.005 | 454(6.89) | 11.29 | 0.001 |
| 户外 | 7(0.53) | | | 29(2.38) | | | 64(4.48) | | |
| 每天放学后读写时间 | <1 h | 11(0.96) | | | 22(4.65) | 6.70 | 0.153 | 53(5.24) | 3.49 | 0.480 |
| 1~<2 h | 29(1.19) | 0.45 | 0.978 | 63(3.10) | | | 130(6.99) | | |
| 2~<3 h | 15(1.10) | | | 74(3.57) | | | 117(6.39) | | |
| ≥3 h | 7(1.10) | | | 55(4.66) | | | 201(6.60) | | |
| 不知道 | 2(0.95) | | | 9(4.52) | | | 17(6.34) | | |
| 读写时胸离桌沿超过一拳 | 从不或偶尔 | 30(1.08) | 0.02 | 0.882 | 123(3.95) | 0.76 | 0.384 | 336(7.22) | 10.42 | 0.001 |
| 经常或总是 | 34(1.12) | | | 100(3.52) | | | 182(5.42) | | |
| 读写时眼离书本超过一尺 | 从不或偶尔 | 32(1.24) | 0.88 | 0.348 | 122(4.20) | 3.25 | 0.072 | 312(6.96) | 4.09 | 0.043 |
| 经常或总是 | 32(0.99) | | | 101(3.31) | | | 206(5.84) | | |
| 读写时手指离笔尖一寸 | 从不或偶尔 | 31(1.35) | 2.24 | 0.135 | 117(4.31) | 4.42 | 0.035 | 271(6.55) | 0.10 | 0.748 |
| 经常或总是 | 33(0.94) | | | 106(3.27) | | | 247(6.37) | | |
| 老师提醒读写姿势 | 从不或偶尔 | 40(1.18) | 0.48 | 0.487 | 181(4.27) | 11.36 | 0.001 | 435(6.59) | 0.93 | 0.335 |
| 经常或总是 | 24(0.99) | | | 42(2.44) | | | 83(5.89) | | |
| 每天视屏时间 | <1 h | 43(0.99) | 11.45 | 0.010 | 140(3.77) | 2.74 | 0.434 | 257(6.35) | 7.79 | 0.050 |
| 1~<2 h | 6(0.72) | | | 43(4.10) | | | 95(8.00) | | |
| 2~<3 h | 8(2.76) | | | 12(2.45) | | | 61(6.92) | | |
| ≥3 h | 7(1.98) | | | 28(3.94) | | | 105(5.53) | | |
| 躺着或趴着看书或电子屏幕 | 从不或偶尔 | 55(1.05) | 1.55 | 0.214 | 190(3.74) | 0.00 | 0.985 | 399(6.48) | 0.01 | 0.939 |
| 经常或总是 | 9(1.62) | | | 33(3.75) | | | 119(6.43) | | |
| 每天白天户外活动时间 | 不知道 | 4(1.19) | 7.13 | 0.028 | 6(2.53) | 6.71 | 0.035 | 9(3.98) | 9.96 | 0.007 |
| <2 h | 47(1.39) | | | 143(4.30) | | | 388(7.03) | | |
| ≥2 h | 13(0.62) | | | 74(3.09) | | | 121(5.34) | | |
| 每天睡眠时间 | <8h | 10(1.29) | 0.29 | 0.592 | 109(3.97) | 0.74 | 0.389 | 416(6.71) | 2.68 | 0.102 |
| ≥8 h | 54(1.07) | | | 114(3.55) | | | 102(5.63) | | |
| 背书包习惯 | 双肩包背胸前 | 2(1.48) | 2.35 | 0.672 | 1(0.74) | 7.12 | 0.130 | 17(7.14) | 0.20 | 0.995 |
| 双肩包背背后 | 60(1.13) | | | 199(3.75) | | | 434(6.46) | | |
| 双肩包背一侧 | 2(1.09) | | | 12(3.83) | | | 42(6.34) | | |
| 背单肩包 | 0(0.00) | | | 7(7.53) | | | 20(6.41) | | |
| 用带轮书包 | 0(0.00) | | | 4(3.77) | | | 5(6.33) | | |
| 自我感觉书包重量 | 很轻 | 0(0.00) | 6.24 | 0.284 | 10(3.91) | 3.13 | 0.681 | 37(4.89) | 6.82 | 0.235 |
| 较轻 | 3(0.63) | | | 33(4.50) | | | 134(6.54) | | |
| 中等 | 23(0.98) | | | 109(3.74) | | | 249(6.56) | | |
| 较重 | 26(1.45) | | | 47(3.44) | | | 71(7.76) | | |
| 很重 | 11(1.32) | | | 21(3.99) | | | 13(4.98) | | |
| 没感觉 | 1(0.51) | | | 3(1.89) | | | 14(5.88) | | |
| 对坐姿/站姿自我要求 | 无所谓,舒服就行 | 12(1.49) | 3.66 | 0.300 | 54(4.48) | 10.84 | 0.013 | 139(5.44) | 12.82 | 0.005 |
| 有时会监督自己 | 23(1.02) | | | 116(4.02) | | | 290(7.44) | | |
| 时常会提醒自己 | 20(1.34) | | | 42(3.51) | | | 65(6.06) | | |
| 时刻保持良好姿势 | 9(0.72) | | | 11(1.64) | | | 24(4.93) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241771819204674007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Multiple logistic regression analysis of spinal curvature abnormality and myopia co-morbidities of different phases of studying among primary and secondary school students from Guangzhou in 2023 (n=19 788)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 自变量 | 选项 | β值 | 标准误 | Wald χ2值 | P值 | OR值(95%CI) |
|---|
| 小学 | | | | | | |
| 监测点 | 郊区 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 城区 | 1.42 | 0.59 | 5.73 | 0.017 | 4.15(1.30~13.29) |
| 性别 | 男 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 女 | 1.70 | 0.35 | 23.54 | <0.001 | 5.46(2.75~10.85) |
| 来月经或遗精 | 否 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 是 | 0.57 | 0.27 | 4.40 | 0.036 | 1.77(1.04~3.02) |
| 每天视屏时间 | <1h | | | | | 1.00 |
| 1~<2 h | -0.32 | 0.44 | 0.54 | 0.462 | 0.72(0.31~1.71) |
| 2~<3 h | 1.12 | 0.40 | 7.93 | 0.005 | 3.06(1.41~6.68) |
| ≥3 h | 0.82 | 0.42 | 3.86 | 0.049 | 2.28(1.02~5.19) |
| 每天白天户外活动时间 | ≥2 h | | | | | 1.00 |
| 不知道 | 0.54 | 0.58 | 0.86 | 0.355 | 1.71(0.55~5.33) |
| <2 h | 0.82 | 0.32 | 6.70 | 0.010 | 2.28(1.22~4.26) |
| 初中 | | | | | | |
| 监测点 | 郊区 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 城区 | 1.22 | 0.28 | 18.96 | <0.001 | 3.37(1.95~5.83) |
| 性别 | 男 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 女 | 1.26 | 0.16 | 62.45 | <0.001 | 3.53(2.58~4.82) |
| 消瘦 | 否 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 是 | 0.55 | 0.22 | 5.96 | 0.015 | 1.72(1.11~2.67) |
| 老师提醒读写姿势 | 经常或总是 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 从不或偶尔 | 0.41 | 0.18 | 5.26 | 0.022 | 1.50(1.06~2.12) |
| 对坐姿/站姿自我要求 | 时刻保持良好姿势 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 无所谓,舒服就行 | 0.92 | 0.34 | 7.38 | 0.007 | 2.51(1.29~4.86) |
| 有时会监督自己 | 0.69 | 0.32 | 4.54 | 0.033 | 1.99(1.06~3.74) |
| 时常会提醒自己 | 0.60 | 0.35 | 2.98 | 0.084 | 1.81(0.92~3.57) |
| 高中 | | | | | | |
| 监测点 | 郊区 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 城区 | 1.36 | 0.32 | 17.76 | <0.001 | 3.90(2.07~7.35) |
| 性别 | 男 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 女 | 0.78 | 0.10 | 63.21 | <0.001 | 2.18(1.80~2.65) |
| 消瘦 | 否 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 是 | 0.63 | 0.13 | 25.17 | <0.001 | 1.89(1.47~2.41) |
| 课间休息时活动场所 | 户外 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 教学楼内 | 0.29 | 0.14 | 4.32 | 0.038 | 1.33(1.02~1.75) |
| 读写时胸离桌沿超过一拳 | 经常或总是 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 从不或偶尔 | 0.24 | 0.10 | 6.24 | 0.013 | 1.27(1.05~1.53) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241771819368251880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771808039437283, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
2023年广州市不同学段学生脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患的多因素logistic回归分析(n=19 788)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 自变量 | 选项 | β值 | 标准误 | Wald χ2值 | P值 | OR值(95%CI) |
|---|
| 小学 | | | | | | |
| 监测点 | 郊区 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 城区 | 1.42 | 0.59 | 5.73 | 0.017 | 4.15(1.30~13.29) |
| 性别 | 男 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 女 | 1.70 | 0.35 | 23.54 | <0.001 | 5.46(2.75~10.85) |
| 来月经或遗精 | 否 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 是 | 0.57 | 0.27 | 4.40 | 0.036 | 1.77(1.04~3.02) |
| 每天视屏时间 | <1h | | | | | 1.00 |
| 1~<2 h | -0.32 | 0.44 | 0.54 | 0.462 | 0.72(0.31~1.71) |
| 2~<3 h | 1.12 | 0.40 | 7.93 | 0.005 | 3.06(1.41~6.68) |
| ≥3 h | 0.82 | 0.42 | 3.86 | 0.049 | 2.28(1.02~5.19) |
| 每天白天户外活动时间 | ≥2 h | | | | | 1.00 |
| 不知道 | 0.54 | 0.58 | 0.86 | 0.355 | 1.71(0.55~5.33) |
| <2 h | 0.82 | 0.32 | 6.70 | 0.010 | 2.28(1.22~4.26) |
| 初中 | | | | | | |
| 监测点 | 郊区 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 城区 | 1.22 | 0.28 | 18.96 | <0.001 | 3.37(1.95~5.83) |
| 性别 | 男 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 女 | 1.26 | 0.16 | 62.45 | <0.001 | 3.53(2.58~4.82) |
| 消瘦 | 否 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 是 | 0.55 | 0.22 | 5.96 | 0.015 | 1.72(1.11~2.67) |
| 老师提醒读写姿势 | 经常或总是 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 从不或偶尔 | 0.41 | 0.18 | 5.26 | 0.022 | 1.50(1.06~2.12) |
| 对坐姿/站姿自我要求 | 时刻保持良好姿势 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 无所谓,舒服就行 | 0.92 | 0.34 | 7.38 | 0.007 | 2.51(1.29~4.86) |
| 有时会监督自己 | 0.69 | 0.32 | 4.54 | 0.033 | 1.99(1.06~3.74) |
| 时常会提醒自己 | 0.60 | 0.35 | 2.98 | 0.084 | 1.81(0.92~3.57) |
| 高中 | | | | | | |
| 监测点 | 郊区 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 城区 | 1.36 | 0.32 | 17.76 | <0.001 | 3.90(2.07~7.35) |
| 性别 | 男 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 女 | 0.78 | 0.10 | 63.21 | <0.001 | 2.18(1.80~2.65) |
| 消瘦 | 否 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 是 | 0.63 | 0.13 | 25.17 | <0.001 | 1.89(1.47~2.41) |
| 课间休息时活动场所 | 户外 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 教学楼内 | 0.29 | 0.14 | 4.32 | 0.038 | 1.33(1.02~1.75) |
| 读写时胸离桌沿超过一拳 | 经常或总是 | | | | | 1.00 |
| 从不或偶尔 | 0.24 | 0.10 | 6.24 | 0.013 | 1.27(1.05~1.53) |
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