Article(id=1241771802368738125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405403, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1716739200000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773991068688, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1729785600000, pubDateStr=2024-10-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773991068688, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773991068688, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991068688, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241771801366299468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='20', pageStart='3649', pageEnd='3840', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773991068450, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991676896, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241774353457681403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241774353457681404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241771801366299468, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3687, endPage=3690, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241771802754614099, articleId=1241771802368738125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Establishment and analysis of LUR model for PM2.5, Zunyi, columnId=null, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To construct a land use regression (LUR) model for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) in Zunyi.

Methods

Collect and organize hourly PM2.5 monitoring data from routine air quality monitoring stations from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020, as well as geographic information data such as land use, roads, population density, altitude, and meteorological factors in Zunyi. Conduct multiple stepwise linear regression with PM2.5 concentration as the dependent variable and geographic information variables and meteorological factors as independent variables to construct a model. Use leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) to verify the performance of the model.

Results

The model formula is Y=72.656-0.026×altitude-0.009×NDVI-0.62×average temperature-383.512×average precipitation. The model had R2=0.74, adjusted R2=0.72, cross validation R2=0.69, RMSE=3.51, and a high spatial resolution (250 m×250 m).

Conclusion

The model fits well and fully reflects the influencing factors of PM2.5 spatial distribution in Zunyi. It can be used to estimate individual exposure levels and provide strong support for environmental health epidemiological research.

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目的

构建遵义市细颗粒物(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter≤2.5 μm, PM2.5)土地利用回归(land use regression, LUR)模型。

方法

收集整理遵义市常规空气质量监测站点2020年1月1日到2020年12月31日的逐小时PM2.5监测数据,以及土地利用、道路、人口密度、海拔等地理信息变量数据和气象因子数据,以PM2.5浓度为因变量,地理信息变量和气象因子为自变量,进行多元逐步线性回归,构建模型,并采用留一交叉验证(leave-one-out cross validation, LOOCV)对模型表现进行验证。

结果

所建模型公式为Y=72.656-0.026×海拔-0.009×NDVI -0.62×平均气温-383.512×平均降水量,模型的R2=0.74,调整R2=0.72,交叉验证的R2=0.69,RMSE=3.51,空间分辨率高(250 m×250 m)。

结论

模型拟合情况较好,充分反映了遵义市PM2.5空间分布的影响因素,可以用于个体暴露水平的估计,为环境健康流行病学研究提供有力支持。

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况桃,E-mail:
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况桃(1990—),女,硕士,讲师,研究方向:环境污染物的暴露与健康影响

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(In Chinese), articleTitle=Spatial-temporal characteristics of PM2.5 and its influencing factors in Hunan province, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241815277755761607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=遵义市科技计划项目(遵市科合HZ字(2022)153号), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241815272751956886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241815272760345495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, companyId=1241815272751956886, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Health Management, Zunyi Medicaland Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241815272764539800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, companyId=1241815272751956886, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=遵义医药高等专科学校卫生管理系,贵州 遵义 563006)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241815276610716605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Time trend of monthly average concentration of PM2.5 in Zunyi, figureFileSmall=0JfB0j3ZN/sT/MJogA1wOQ==, figureFileBig=aEg+3njlqqlw9ZCadSQMQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241815276736545726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, language=CN, label=图1, caption=遵义市PM2.5逐月平均浓度的时间趋势, figureFileSmall=0JfB0j3ZN/sT/MJogA1wOQ==, figureFileBig=aEg+3njlqqlw9ZCadSQMQQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241815276849791935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Longitude and latitude of air quality monitoring sites in Zunyi

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号监测点名称经度(°)纬度(°)
1丁字口106.922 227.686 9
2凤凰山106.924 227.701 9
3干田坝106.917 827.720 0
4忠庄106.890 627.648 6
5舟水桥106.923 127.650 6
), ArticleFig(id=1241815276937872320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

遵义市各空气质量监测站点的经纬度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号监测点名称经度(°)纬度(°)
1丁字口106.922 227.686 9
2凤凰山106.924 227.701 9
3干田坝106.917 827.720 0
4忠庄106.890 627.648 6
5舟水桥106.923 127.650 6
), ArticleFig(id=1241815277084672961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Monthly average concentration of PM2.5 at 5 monitoring stations in Zunyi (μg/m3

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
月份丁字口凤凰山忠庄舟水桥干田坝
124.2516.9919.7517.9717.10
232.0925.3327.2524.8124.68
323.3219.7521.8317.8019.09
425.2818.1423.1916.5418.58
523.4815.4921.4720.9016.14
614.3811.069.769.5610.27
713.4210.468.779.1210.81
814.1410.6710.8110.3611.17
913.5510.389.6910.209.32
1019.7818.2818.8017.9716.39
1122.8419.9422.1619.2118.09
1231.5127.8730.5429.2227.03
), ArticleFig(id=1241815277164364738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

遵义市5个监测站点PM2.5月平均浓度(μg/m3

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月份丁字口凤凰山忠庄舟水桥干田坝
124.2516.9919.7517.9717.10
232.0925.3327.2524.8124.68
323.3219.7521.8317.8019.09
425.2818.1423.1916.5418.58
523.4815.4921.4720.9016.14
614.3811.069.769.5610.27
713.4210.468.779.1210.81
814.1410.6710.8110.3611.17
913.5510.389.6910.209.32
1019.7818.2818.8017.9716.39
1122.8419.9422.1619.2118.09
1231.5127.8730.5429.2227.03
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Geographical Information Variables Selected for Regression Analysis (21)

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PM2.5预测变量rbPM2.5预测变量rb
ALL_1 000 ma0.567耕地_5 000 m0.610
ALL_3 000 m0.215植被用地_1 000 m-0.055
ALL_5 000 m0.551人造地_5 000 m0.800
高速公路_1 000 m0.513人造地_500 m0.028
高速公路_3 000 m0.463NDVI-0.650
高速公路_5 000 m0.103NDVI_1 000 m-0.303
城市干道_1 000 m0.243距主干道最近距离-0.286
城市干道_5 000 m0.582各站点距市中心的距离-0.574
城市干道_500 m0.127人口密度0.391
支路_1 000 m0.625海拔-0.472
支路_3 000 m0.265
), ArticleFig(id=1241815277365691332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

经变量筛选纳入回归分析的地理信息变量(21个)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
PM2.5预测变量rbPM2.5预测变量rb
ALL_1 000 ma0.567耕地_5 000 m0.610
ALL_3 000 m0.215植被用地_1 000 m-0.055
ALL_5 000 m0.551人造地_5 000 m0.800
高速公路_1 000 m0.513人造地_500 m0.028
高速公路_3 000 m0.463NDVI-0.650
高速公路_5 000 m0.103NDVI_1 000 m-0.303
城市干道_1 000 m0.243距主干道最近距离-0.286
城市干道_5 000 m0.582各站点距市中心的距离-0.574
城市干道_500 m0.127人口密度0.391
支路_1 000 m0.625海拔-0.472
支路_3 000 m0.265
), ArticleFig(id=1241815277441188805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

The results for regression model and cross validation of model

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
污染物变量βPVIFR2调整R2LOOCV
RMSER2
PM2.5常量72.65612.012<0.0010.740.723.510.69
海拔-0.0260.0100.0131.04
NDVI-0.0090.0030.0021.04
平均气温-0.6200.076<0.0011.51
平均降水量-383.512163.9600.0231.51
), ArticleFig(id=1241815277520880582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241771802368738125, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

回归模型及交叉验证结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
污染物变量βPVIFR2调整R2LOOCV
RMSER2
PM2.5常量72.65612.012<0.0010.740.723.510.69
海拔-0.0260.0100.0131.04
NDVI-0.0090.0030.0021.04
平均气温-0.6200.076<0.0011.51
平均降水量-383.512163.9600.0231.51
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遵义市PM2.5 LUR模型的建立与分析
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况桃 , 夏娅 , 杨华君 , 曹毅 , 刘定梅 , 杨彦
现代预防医学 | 环境与职业卫生 2024,51(20): 3687-3690
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现代预防医学 | 环境与职业卫生 2024, 51(20): 3687-3690
遵义市PM2.5 LUR模型的建立与分析
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况桃 , 夏娅, 杨华君, 曹毅, 刘定梅, 杨彦
作者信息
  • 遵义医药高等专科学校卫生管理系,贵州 遵义 563006
  • 况桃(1990—),女,硕士,讲师,研究方向:环境污染物的暴露与健康影响

通讯作者:

况桃,E-mail:
Establishment and analysis of LUR model for PM2.5, Zunyi
Tao KUANG , Ya XIA, Hua-jun YANG, Yi CAO, Ding-mei LIU, Yan YANG
Affiliations
  • Department of Health Management, Zunyi Medicaland Pharmaceutical College, Zunyi, Guizhou 563006, China
出版时间: 2024-10-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405403
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目的

构建遵义市细颗粒物(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter≤2.5 μm, PM2.5)土地利用回归(land use regression, LUR)模型。

方法

收集整理遵义市常规空气质量监测站点2020年1月1日到2020年12月31日的逐小时PM2.5监测数据,以及土地利用、道路、人口密度、海拔等地理信息变量数据和气象因子数据,以PM2.5浓度为因变量,地理信息变量和气象因子为自变量,进行多元逐步线性回归,构建模型,并采用留一交叉验证(leave-one-out cross validation, LOOCV)对模型表现进行验证。

结果

所建模型公式为Y=72.656-0.026×海拔-0.009×NDVI -0.62×平均气温-383.512×平均降水量,模型的R2=0.74,调整R2=0.72,交叉验证的R2=0.69,RMSE=3.51,空间分辨率高(250 m×250 m)。

结论

模型拟合情况较好,充分反映了遵义市PM2.5空间分布的影响因素,可以用于个体暴露水平的估计,为环境健康流行病学研究提供有力支持。

PM2.5  /  个体暴露  /  LUR模型
Objective

To construct a land use regression (LUR) model for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) in Zunyi.

Methods

Collect and organize hourly PM2.5 monitoring data from routine air quality monitoring stations from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020, as well as geographic information data such as land use, roads, population density, altitude, and meteorological factors in Zunyi. Conduct multiple stepwise linear regression with PM2.5 concentration as the dependent variable and geographic information variables and meteorological factors as independent variables to construct a model. Use leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) to verify the performance of the model.

Results

The model formula is Y=72.656-0.026×altitude-0.009×NDVI-0.62×average temperature-383.512×average precipitation. The model had R2=0.74, adjusted R2=0.72, cross validation R2=0.69, RMSE=3.51, and a high spatial resolution (250 m×250 m).

Conclusion

The model fits well and fully reflects the influencing factors of PM2.5 spatial distribution in Zunyi. It can be used to estimate individual exposure levels and provide strong support for environmental health epidemiological research.

PM2.5  /  Individual exposure  /  LUR model
况桃, 夏娅, 杨华君, 曹毅, 刘定梅, 杨彦. 遵义市PM2.5 LUR模型的建立与分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (20) : 3687 -3690 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405403
Tao KUANG, Ya XIA, Hua-jun YANG, Yi CAO, Ding-mei LIU, Yan YANG. Establishment and analysis of LUR model for PM2.5, Zunyi[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (20) : 3687 -3690 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405403
随着我国城市化进程的加快及工业化的快速发展,各类污染物的排放,尤其以细颗粒物(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm, PM2.5)为代表的空气污染物,导致城市空气质量遭受严重影响[1]。近年来,随着我国大气污染防治不断深入,尽管在治理空气污染上取得了重大进展,PM2.5的超标天比例不断下降,但是对照世界卫生组织在2021年更新的《全球空气质量指南》中PM2.5年均浓度指导值,我国年均PM2.5浓度仍约为WHO标准的6倍,是目前全球十多个空气污染最严重的国家之一[2]。PM2.5是主导空气污染健康影响的关键因素,已有研究显示,PM2.5的暴露与人体的呼吸系统[3]、心血管系统[4]、肺癌的发生和死亡密切相关[5],PM2.5的健康危害受到广泛关注[6]
在PM2.5与健康影响的流行病学研究中,个体暴露水平的准确估计至关重要。研究表明城市内PM2.5浓度在空间上存在显著差异,在不足100 m的距离,就有较大的浓度悬殊[7]。而流行病学研究中,研究对象之间所处位置具有一定距离的间隔,这种空间位置的差异使个体间的暴露水平有所不同,以往的研究直接采用空气质量监测站点的浓度作为个体的暴露水平,监测点与研究对象往往存在一定的距离,这种方法并未考虑到污染物浓度的空间异质性问题,不能正确地反映个体暴露量[8-9]。为此,越来越多的研究开始探讨个体暴露估计模型的构建,近年来,LUR模型被广泛构建,并在空气污染与健康关联流行病学研究中,用于个体暴露估计[10]。该模型是利用已知有限的空气质量监测点的污染物浓度数据,并结合这些监测点周围的土地利用、交通道路、地形、人口等地理特征变量构建的线性回归模型。利用该模型可以对研究区域内其他任意未监测地点进行污染物浓度估计,模拟精度高,能很好地反映污染物的空间变异,是一种高效的暴露估计方法[10]
本研究基于LUR模型的构建方法,在遵义市构建PM2.5的预测模型。该模型能够用于个体暴露估计,为遵义市环境流行病学研究在暴露评估方面提供一定的支持。
遵义市位于贵州省北部,处于云贵高原向湖南丘陵和四川盆地过渡的斜坡地带,地形起伏大。属亚热带季风气候,终年温凉湿润,雨量充沛。遵义市是成渝—黔中经济区走廊的核心区和主廊道,是西南地区承接南北、连接东西的重要交通枢纽。全市辖3个区、9个县、2个县级市,总面积约为3万平方千米,常住人口约650万。遵义市3个中心城区即为本研究的研究区域。
研究区域共有5个监测站点,各站点的经纬度见表1,监测站点之间的直线距离最近为1.683 km (丁字口站点与凤凰山站点相距最近),最远为8.400 km (干田坝站点与忠庄站点相距最远),平均为4.876 km。
我们通过全国城市空气质量实时发布平台,收集了遵义市城区的这5个常规空气质量监测点2020年1月1日到2020年12月31日的逐小时PM2.5浓度监测数据。通过计算各监测站点数据的完整率、绘制污染物浓度的逐月时间趋势图,对数据质量和污染物时间趋势进行了解。然后根据逐小时浓度计算各站点每个月PM2.5的平均浓度,以此作为土地利用回归模型构建的因变量。以上数据统计均用R软件3.5.1完成。
(1)交通道路数据:数据来自“Open street map”,以监测点为中心,设置500 m、1 000 m、3 000 m、5 000 m圆形缓冲区,利用ArcGIS软件分别提取各缓冲区内4种类型道路(高速公路、城市干道、支路和全部道路)的长度。同时计算各监测点距最近主干道的距离。(2)土地利用数据:数据来自全国地理信息资源目录服务系统的Globeland30 m土地覆盖数据,空间分辨率为30 m×30 m。在ArcGIS中分别提取监测点周围500 m、1 000 m、3 000 m、5 000 m圆形缓冲区内4种土地利用(耕地、人造地、水体用地、植被地)的面积。(3)海拔:数据来自Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) Global Digital Surface Model “ALOS World 3D - 30 m (AW3D30)”(https://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/aw3d30/index.htm),空间分辨率为30 m×30 m,在ArcGIS中分别提取5个监测站点的海拔。(4)人口密度:数据来源于资源环境数据云平台(http://www.resdc.cn/DOI),空间分辨率为1 km×1 km,在ArcGIS中分别提取5个监测站点的人口密度。(5) NDVI:数据来自Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) MOD13Q1 v006 数据集(https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/products/mod13q1v006/),空间分辨率为250 m×250 m,在ArcGIS中,分别计算每个监测站点NDVI的点值及NDVI在监测点周围500 m、1 000 m、3 000 m、5 000 m圆形缓冲区的平均值,用于反映区域植被覆盖的程度。(6)监测点到市中心的距离:丁字口是遵义市中心城区最繁华的地点,以这个地点为市中心代表。在ArcGIS中,利用Near工具,分别计算各监测点到丁字口的距离,以衡量各监测点到市中心的距离。
气温及降水数据来自欧盟及欧洲中期天气预报中心等组织发布的ERA5-Land数据集(https://cds.climate.copernicus.eu/cdsapp#!/dataset/reanalysis-era5-land-monthly-means?tab=overview),在ArcGIS中对原始栅格数据计算平均值,得到逐月平均气温和平均降水量。
(1)变量筛选:将各站点的月平均PM2.5浓度与41个地理信息变量进行双变量相关性分析,排除相关系数符号与先验假设不一致的变量。然后对道路、土地利用、NDVI这3类设置有不同缓冲区的变量,分别确定出每一类变量中相关系数最高的子类变量,并进一步排除与该子类最高相关变量相关性较高的其他同子类变量(相关系数>0.6,即为相关性较高)。(2)模型构建和验证:用筛选出的地理信息变量结合月平均气温和月平均降水量作为自变量,用月平均PM2.5浓度作为因变量,进行逐步线性回归。从模型中踢出回归系数符号与先验假设不一致的变量及方差膨胀因子(Variance Inflation Factor,VIF)大于3的变量。回归分析采用IBM SPSS 21软件进行分析。并对模型进行留一交叉验证(leave-one-out cross validation, LOOCV)。
5个站点的PM2.5监测数据完整率均较高,均在99%以上。PM2.5的分布水平存在明显的季节差异,全年以夏季较低(6—9月),如图1所示。各站点的月平均浓度见表2
根据变量筛选原则,筛选出地理信息变量如表3所示,最终用于建模的预测因子为21个地理信息变量和2个气象因子(月平均气温及月平均降水量)。
结合预测因子与PM2.5构建多元线性回归模型,结果见表4,模型最终解释变量包括海拔、NDVI、平均气温、平均降水量,具有较高的空间分辨率(250 m×250 m)。模型R2为0.74,调整后的R2为0.72,表明模型的大部分变异可以通过预测变量进行解释,LOOCV结果显示R2为0.69,RMSE为3.51,提示模型拟合精度尚可。
线性回归方程为:Y=72.656-0.026×海拔-0.009×NDVI-0.62×平均气温-383.512×平均降水量。
本研究根据遵义市区的5个常规空气质量监测站点的监测数据,结合监测点周围的土地利用、道路、人口密度、海拔等地理信息数据及气象因子,构建遵义市PM2.5浓度模拟的LUR模型。模型的R2=0.74,调整R2=0.72,交叉验证的R2=0.69,RMSE=3.51,最终纳入的自变量分别为海拔、NDVI、平均气温、平均降水量。
LUR模型通常依赖于高空间分辨率的地理信息数据来进行精确的环境分析和模拟,其空间分辨率取决于地理信息数据的分辨率。我们的模型中空间分辨率最低的地理信息变量是NDVI(250 m×250 m),这使得LUR模型的整体空间分辨率处于此水平。
从模型的判定系数R2来看,全球范围内的LUR模型研究,R2多处于0.5~0.8[11-12],相对来说,本研究构建的模型拟合情况较好,解释能力是不错的,变量的显著性检验都在0.05以下。与国内其他研究模型结果相比,我们的模型表现与南京、杭州、重庆等城市的LUR模型表现相当,南京PM2.5 LUR模型的调整R2为0.72 [13]。杭州PM2.5 LUR模型调整R2为0.70~0.76[14],重庆PM2.5 LUR模型的调整R2为0.75[15]。本研究模型R2与交叉验证R2相差不大,提示我们的模型是稳定的。
模型最终纳入海拔、NDVI、平均气温、平均降水量4个变量,且均显示与PM2.5浓度呈负相关,可以被合理解释。首先,遵义市地形多山,地势高低起伏,污染源多集中分布在低海拔地区,致使PM2. 5浓度分布与海拔表现出负相关,这与吴健生在重庆的研究结果一致[16]。其次,归一化植被指数表征区域植被覆盖的程度,污染物的主要净化方式之一就是依靠植被的吸收和吸附,因此NDVI与PM2.5浓度呈负相关[17]。对于气温和降水量,PM2.5浓度的浓度通常是与其呈负相关的[18-19],这是由于随着温度的升高,大气对流运动加剧,有利于污染物的稀释和扩散,使其浓度降低。此外,降水量的增加,提高了与气溶胶粒子碰撞的效率,增强污染物的沉降,使污染物浓度下降。模型中气温和降水量与PM2.5的负相关也有效解释了遵义市原始PM2.5监测浓度在夏季水平较低的现象。
本研究利用遵义市5个常规空气质量监测站点的监测数据及其周围土地利用信息、气象因子构建了PM2.5浓度模拟的LUR模型。结果显示,在遵义地区,影响PM2.5浓度分布的变量为海拔、NDVI、平均气温、平均降水量。该模型较好地体现了PM2.5空间分布的影响因素,能够用于个体暴露水平的估计,为遵义市环境流行病学研究提供了一个可用的暴露评估模型。
  • 遵义市科技计划项目(遵市科合HZ字(2022)153号)
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2024年第51卷第20期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405403
  • 接收时间:2024-05-27
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-10-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-27
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遵义市科技计划项目(遵市科合HZ字(2022)153号)
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    遵义医药高等专科学校卫生管理系,贵州 遵义 563006

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