Article(id=1241759334284201993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241759317016252418, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405319, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1716134400000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773988096066, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1727193600000, pubDateStr=2024-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773988096066, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773988096066, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773988096066, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241759317016252418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='18', pageStart='3265', pageEnd='3456', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773988091898, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991617194, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241774103024174010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241759317016252418, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241774103024174011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241759317016252418, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3374, endPage=3380, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241759336570097695, articleId=1241759334284201993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Association between premarital sexual attitudes and socioecological risk factors among college students in a medical school, Shanxi, columnId=null, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the attitude of medical students to premarital sex and its association with social ecological risk factors, so as to provide scientific basis for sex education in schools and relevant departments.

Methods

From September to November 2021, an anonymous survey was conducted among 1 280 students from a medical college in Shanxi Province, including general demographic characteristics, socio-ecological risk factors, and attitudes toward premarital sexual behavior.

Results

There was 39.75 percent of the students who had a positive attitude toward premarital sex. After adjusting for general demographic characteristics, binary logistic regression analysis showed that in the household dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of high-risk group (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.01-2.54) was 1.61 times higher than in the low-risk group. In the time dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of medium-risk group (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.14-2.17) was 1.57 times more than the low-risk group, and compared with the low-risk group of the cultural dimension, the medium-risk group (OR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.43-2.69) and the high-risk group (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 3.24-6.97) were positively correlated with premarital sexual attitudes, that is, the higher the approval of premarital sex is, as the risk increased. The results of WQS model analysis showed that cultural dimension had the most influence on medical students’ attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, accounting for 45.40%, meantime, time dimension and family dimension accounted for 15.60% and 14.40%, respectively.

Conclusion

The positive attitude of medical students towards premarital sexual behavior is the result of the comprehensive effect of social and ecological risk factors. Besides the high-risk family factors and the medium-risk time factors, the medium and high-risk cultural factors increase the approval of premarital sexual behavior of medical students. Then, the cultural factors have the most influences on the outcome.

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目的

探讨医学生对婚前性行为的态度及与社会生态学风险因素的关联,为学校和相关部门性教育工作提供科学依据。

方法

于2021年9月至11月,对山西省某医学院校1 280名学生进行了包括一般人口学特征、社会生态学风险因素、婚前性行为态度的匿名调查。

结果

对婚前性行为持积极态度的学生占39.75%。调整一般人口学特征后二元logistic回归分析得出在家庭维度中,高风险组(OR=1.61 ,95% CI :1.02~2.54)对婚前性行为赞同度是低风险组的1.61倍。在时间维度中,中风险组(OR=1.57,95% CI :1.14~2.17)对婚前性行为赞同度是低风险组的1.57倍;相对于文化维度低风险组,文化维度的中风险组(OR=1.96 ,95% CI:1.43~2.69)、高风险组(OR=4.75,95% CI:3.24~6.97)均与婚前性行为态度呈正相关,即随着维度风险的增加,对婚前性行为的赞同度越高。WQS模型分析结果显示文化维度对医学生婚前性行为态度影响最大,占45.40%,时间维度和家庭维度分别占15.60%和14.40%。

结论

医学生对婚前性行为的态度是社会生态风险因素综合作用结果,高风险家庭因素、中风险的时间因素和中、高风险的文化因素增加医学生对婚前性行为的赞同,其中文化因素的影响程度最大。

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王莉,E-mail:
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李晗(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:生命早期环境因素暴露对儿童健康的影响

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李晗(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:生命早期环境因素暴露对儿童健康的影响

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Sexual knowledge, sexual concept and sexual behaviors of college students in a university inShanxi Province status survey and analysis of influencing factors[D]. Taiyuan: Shanxi Medical University, 2019.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Sexual knowledge, sexual concept and sexual behaviors of college students in a university inShanxi Province status survey and analysis of influencing factors, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241759373177983036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, awardId=82073576, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(82073576), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241759373421252682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=中国青少年行为健康新型风险因素监测与队列研究(横向合作项目), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241759343746551898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759343822049375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, companyId=1241759343746551898, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Pediatrics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759344069513313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, companyId=1241759343746551898, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院儿少教研室,山西 太原 030001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241759344224702565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759344396669038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, companyId=1241759344224702565, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山西医科大学第二临床医学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241759344748990592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759344799322244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, companyId=1241759344748990592, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.太原市中小学学生卫生保健所)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241759346623844526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759346737090744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, companyId=1241759346623844526, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.安徽医科大学公共卫生学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241759348586778820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, xref=5., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759348825854162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, companyId=1241759348586778820, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.山西医科大学早期儿童健康发展研究中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241759369545716608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The weight of each dimension of socio-ecological risk factor in WQS model, figureFileSmall=AjtbjjetCaSaGnFe5kP4vw==, figureFileBig=K3TPWig5BNXtP8MgwqlIOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241759369747043213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=CN, label=图1, caption=WQS模型中社会生态学风险因素各维度所占权重, figureFileSmall=AjtbjjetCaSaGnFe5kP4vw==, figureFileBig=K3TPWig5BNXtP8MgwqlIOw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241759371118580669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

A Comparison of attitudes towards premarital sex among medical students with different demographic characteristics[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总数婚前性行为态度χ2P
反对赞同
性别39.70<0.01
386(30.32)182(47.15)204(52.85)
887(69.68)585(65.95)302(34.05)
年级a40.23<0.01
大一376(29.58)270(71.81)106(28.19)
大二339(26.67)207(61.0)132(38.94)
大三350(27.54)192(54.86)158(45.14)
大四206(16.21)97(47.09)109(52.91)
家庭人口数2.590.27
≤3347(27.61)198(57.06)149(42.94)
4~578(62.37)48(61.99)298(38.01)
≥6126(10.02)74(58.73)52(41.27)
家庭居住地6.970.03
农村541(43.11)347(64.14)194(35.86)
乡镇224(17.85)133(59.38)91(40.62)
城市490(39.04)275(56.12)21(43.88)
独生子女4.070.04
339(26.95)189(55.75)150(44.25)
919(73.05)570(62.02)34(37.98)
父亲的文化程度2.850.42
小学毕业及以下219(17.24)14(64.84)77(35.16)
初中51(40.16)307(60.20)203(39.80)
高中或中专277(21.81)16(58.12)116(41.88)
大专或大专以上264(20.79)154(58.33)110(41.67)
母亲文化程度3.540.32
小学毕业及以下266(20.98)16(63.53)97(36.47)
初中494(38.96)30(61.13)192(38.87)
高中或中专269(21.21)160(59.48)109(40.52)
大专或大专以上239(18.85)133(55.65)106(44.35)
家庭经济条件1.600.45
385(30.32)236(61.30)149(38.70)
中等791(62.28)47(60.43)313(39.57)
94(7.40)51(54.26)43(45.74)
朋友个数7.290.03
≤2个356(28.01)197(55.34)159(44.66)
3~5个678(53.34)431(63.57)247(36.43)
≥6个237(18.65)137(57.81)10(42.19)
日常生活父亲缺失1.920.17
118(9.28)64(54.24)5(45.76)
1 153(90.72)70(60.80)45(39.20)
日常生活母亲缺失6.180.01
77(6.06)36(46.75)41(53.25)
1 194(93.94)729(61.06)465(38.94)
和兄弟姐妹居住10.03<0.01
749(58.93)478(63.82)27(36.18)
522(41.07)287(54.91)235(45.09)
和其他人居住7.030.01
46(3.63)19(41.30)27(58.70)
1 222(96.37)743(60.80)479(39.20)
), ArticleFig(id=1241759371420570577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同人口学特征的医学生婚前性行为态度的比较[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总数婚前性行为态度χ2P
反对赞同
性别39.70<0.01
386(30.32)182(47.15)204(52.85)
887(69.68)585(65.95)302(34.05)
年级a40.23<0.01
大一376(29.58)270(71.81)106(28.19)
大二339(26.67)207(61.0)132(38.94)
大三350(27.54)192(54.86)158(45.14)
大四206(16.21)97(47.09)109(52.91)
家庭人口数2.590.27
≤3347(27.61)198(57.06)149(42.94)
4~578(62.37)48(61.99)298(38.01)
≥6126(10.02)74(58.73)52(41.27)
家庭居住地6.970.03
农村541(43.11)347(64.14)194(35.86)
乡镇224(17.85)133(59.38)91(40.62)
城市490(39.04)275(56.12)21(43.88)
独生子女4.070.04
339(26.95)189(55.75)150(44.25)
919(73.05)570(62.02)34(37.98)
父亲的文化程度2.850.42
小学毕业及以下219(17.24)14(64.84)77(35.16)
初中51(40.16)307(60.20)203(39.80)
高中或中专277(21.81)16(58.12)116(41.88)
大专或大专以上264(20.79)154(58.33)110(41.67)
母亲文化程度3.540.32
小学毕业及以下266(20.98)16(63.53)97(36.47)
初中494(38.96)30(61.13)192(38.87)
高中或中专269(21.21)160(59.48)109(40.52)
大专或大专以上239(18.85)133(55.65)106(44.35)
家庭经济条件1.600.45
385(30.32)236(61.30)149(38.70)
中等791(62.28)47(60.43)313(39.57)
94(7.40)51(54.26)43(45.74)
朋友个数7.290.03
≤2个356(28.01)197(55.34)159(44.66)
3~5个678(53.34)431(63.57)247(36.43)
≥6个237(18.65)137(57.81)10(42.19)
日常生活父亲缺失1.920.17
118(9.28)64(54.24)5(45.76)
1 153(90.72)70(60.80)45(39.20)
日常生活母亲缺失6.180.01
77(6.06)36(46.75)41(53.25)
1 194(93.94)729(61.06)465(38.94)
和兄弟姐妹居住10.03<0.01
749(58.93)478(63.82)27(36.18)
522(41.07)287(54.91)235(45.09)
和其他人居住7.030.01
46(3.63)19(41.30)27(58.70)
1 222(96.37)743(60.80)479(39.20)
), ArticleFig(id=1241759371701588958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior among traditional Chinese medicine students based on social ecological risk factors[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度分组总数婚前性行为态度χ2P
反对赞同
个人维度11.13<0.01
低风险329(25.89)206(62.61)123(37.39)
中风险700(55.07)437(62.43)263(37.57)
高风险242(19.04)123(50.83)119(49.17)
家庭维度33.61<0.01
低风险337(26.49)234(69.44)103(30.56)
中风险675(53.07)412(61.04)263(38.96)
高风险260(20.44)120(46.15)140(53.85)
学校维度32.44<0.01
低风险325(25.55)220(67.69)105(32.31)
中风险645(50.71)405(62.79)240(37.21)
高风险302(23.74)141(46.69)161(53.31)
社区维度40.09<0.01
低风险375(29.48)261(69.60)114(30.40)
中风险598(47.01)368(61.54)230(38.46)
高风险299(23.51)137(45.82)162(54.18)
政策维度21.65<0.01
低风险345(27.12)233(67.54)112(32.46)
中风险653(51.34)399(61.10)254(38.90)
高风险274(21.54)135(49.27)139(50.73)
时间维度28.71<0.01
低风险699(54.91)466(66.67)233(33.33)
中风险270(21.21)150(55.56)120(44.44)
高风险304(23.88)151(49.67)153(50.33)
文化维度84.30<0.01
低风险43(33.86)310(71.93)121(28.07)
中风险564(44.30)352(62.41)212(37.59)
高风险278(21.84)105(37.77)173(62.23)
), ArticleFig(id=1241759372011967471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

社会生态学风险因素中医学生婚前性行为态度的比较[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
维度分组总数婚前性行为态度χ2P
反对赞同
个人维度11.13<0.01
低风险329(25.89)206(62.61)123(37.39)
中风险700(55.07)437(62.43)263(37.57)
高风险242(19.04)123(50.83)119(49.17)
家庭维度33.61<0.01
低风险337(26.49)234(69.44)103(30.56)
中风险675(53.07)412(61.04)263(38.96)
高风险260(20.44)120(46.15)140(53.85)
学校维度32.44<0.01
低风险325(25.55)220(67.69)105(32.31)
中风险645(50.71)405(62.79)240(37.21)
高风险302(23.74)141(46.69)161(53.31)
社区维度40.09<0.01
低风险375(29.48)261(69.60)114(30.40)
中风险598(47.01)368(61.54)230(38.46)
高风险299(23.51)137(45.82)162(54.18)
政策维度21.65<0.01
低风险345(27.12)233(67.54)112(32.46)
中风险653(51.34)399(61.10)254(38.90)
高风险274(21.54)135(49.27)139(50.73)
时间维度28.71<0.01
低风险699(54.91)466(66.67)233(33.33)
中风险270(21.21)150(55.56)120(44.44)
高风险304(23.88)151(49.67)153(50.33)
文化维度84.30<0.01
低风险43(33.86)310(71.93)121(28.07)
中风险564(44.30)352(62.41)212(37.59)
高风险278(21.84)105(37.77)173(62.23)
), ArticleFig(id=1241759372234265597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The variables of regression analysis and assignments

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量赋值
年级1=大一,2=大二,3=大三,4=大四
性别1=男,2=女
是否为独生子女1=是,2=否
家庭居住地1=农村,2=乡镇,3=城市
关系密切的朋友数1=≤2个,2=3-5个,3=≥6个
日常生活母亲缺失1=是,2=否
和兄弟姐妹/其他人居住1=是,2=否
个人/家庭/学校//社区/政策/时间/文化维度1=低风险组,2=中风险组,3=高风险组
对待婚前性行为的态度0=反对,1=赞同
), ArticleFig(id=1241759372402036741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

参与回归分析变量及赋值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量赋值
年级1=大一,2=大二,3=大三,4=大四
性别1=男,2=女
是否为独生子女1=是,2=否
家庭居住地1=农村,2=乡镇,3=城市
关系密切的朋友数1=≤2个,2=3-5个,3=≥6个
日常生活母亲缺失1=是,2=否
和兄弟姐妹/其他人居住1=是,2=否
个人/家庭/学校//社区/政策/时间/文化维度1=低风险组,2=中风险组,3=高风险组
对待婚前性行为的态度0=反对,1=赞同
), ArticleFig(id=1241759372523671566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Logistic regression of the association between premarital sexual attitudes andsocioecological risk factors in medical students

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量比较组βWald χ2POR(95%CI
个人维度中风险-0.333.470.060.72(0.50~1.02)
高风险-0.160.450.500.85(0.53~1.37)
家庭维度中风险0.333.360.071.39(0.98~1.97)
高风险0.484.130.041.61(1.02~2.54)
学校维度中风险-0.110.310.580.90(0.61~1.32)
高风险0.140.310.581.15(0.70~1.90)
社区维度中风险-0.090.240.630.92(0.65~1.29)
高风险0.251.430.231.28(0.85~1.93)
政策维度中风险0.140.640.421.15(0.82~1.62)
高风险0.231.090.301.26(0.82~1.93)
时间维度中风险0.457.510.011.57(1.14~2.17)
高风险0.191.390.241.21(0.88~1.67)
文化维度中风险0.6817.58<0.011.96(1.43~2.69)
高风险1.5663.47<0.014.75(3.24~6.97)
), ArticleFig(id=1241759372670472218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759334284201993, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

医学生婚前性行为态度与社会生态学风险因素关联性的logistic回归

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量比较组βWald χ2POR(95%CI
个人维度中风险-0.333.470.060.72(0.50~1.02)
高风险-0.160.450.500.85(0.53~1.37)
家庭维度中风险0.333.360.071.39(0.98~1.97)
高风险0.484.130.041.61(1.02~2.54)
学校维度中风险-0.110.310.580.90(0.61~1.32)
高风险0.140.310.581.15(0.70~1.90)
社区维度中风险-0.090.240.630.92(0.65~1.29)
高风险0.251.430.231.28(0.85~1.93)
政策维度中风险0.140.640.421.15(0.82~1.62)
高风险0.231.090.301.26(0.82~1.93)
时间维度中风险0.457.510.011.57(1.14~2.17)
高风险0.191.390.241.21(0.88~1.67)
文化维度中风险0.6817.58<0.011.96(1.43~2.69)
高风险1.5663.47<0.014.75(3.24~6.97)
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山西省某医学院校大学生婚前性行为态度与社会生态学风险因素的关联
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李晗 1 , 永忠甜 1 , 王凯 1 , 袁家盛 1 , 白文琳 1 , 李晨阳 2 , 朱文华 3 , 万宇辉 4 , 王莉 1, 5
现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2024,51(18): 3374-3380
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现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2024, 51(18): 3374-3380
山西省某医学院校大学生婚前性行为态度与社会生态学风险因素的关联
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李晗1, 永忠甜1, 王凯1, 袁家盛1, 白文琳1, 李晨阳2, 朱文华3, 万宇辉4, 王莉1, 5
作者信息
  • 1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院儿少教研室,山西 太原 030001
  • 2.山西医科大学第二临床医学院
  • 3.太原市中小学学生卫生保健所
  • 4.安徽医科大学公共卫生学院
  • 5.山西医科大学早期儿童健康发展研究中心
  • 李晗(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:生命早期环境因素暴露对儿童健康的影响

通讯作者:

王莉,E-mail:
Association between premarital sexual attitudes and socioecological risk factors among college students in a medical school, Shanxi
Han LI1, Zhong-tian YONG1, Kai WANG1, Jia-sheng YUAN1, Wen-ling BAI1, Chen-yang LI2, Wen-hua ZHU3, Yu-hui WAN4, Li WANG1, 5
Affiliations
  • Department of Pediatrics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001, China
出版时间: 2024-09-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405319
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目的

探讨医学生对婚前性行为的态度及与社会生态学风险因素的关联,为学校和相关部门性教育工作提供科学依据。

方法

于2021年9月至11月,对山西省某医学院校1 280名学生进行了包括一般人口学特征、社会生态学风险因素、婚前性行为态度的匿名调查。

结果

对婚前性行为持积极态度的学生占39.75%。调整一般人口学特征后二元logistic回归分析得出在家庭维度中,高风险组(OR=1.61 ,95% CI :1.02~2.54)对婚前性行为赞同度是低风险组的1.61倍。在时间维度中,中风险组(OR=1.57,95% CI :1.14~2.17)对婚前性行为赞同度是低风险组的1.57倍;相对于文化维度低风险组,文化维度的中风险组(OR=1.96 ,95% CI:1.43~2.69)、高风险组(OR=4.75,95% CI:3.24~6.97)均与婚前性行为态度呈正相关,即随着维度风险的增加,对婚前性行为的赞同度越高。WQS模型分析结果显示文化维度对医学生婚前性行为态度影响最大,占45.40%,时间维度和家庭维度分别占15.60%和14.40%。

结论

医学生对婚前性行为的态度是社会生态风险因素综合作用结果,高风险家庭因素、中风险的时间因素和中、高风险的文化因素增加医学生对婚前性行为的赞同,其中文化因素的影响程度最大。

社会生态学模型  /  婚前性行为  /  性态度  /  医学生
Objective

To explore the attitude of medical students to premarital sex and its association with social ecological risk factors, so as to provide scientific basis for sex education in schools and relevant departments.

Methods

From September to November 2021, an anonymous survey was conducted among 1 280 students from a medical college in Shanxi Province, including general demographic characteristics, socio-ecological risk factors, and attitudes toward premarital sexual behavior.

Results

There was 39.75 percent of the students who had a positive attitude toward premarital sex. After adjusting for general demographic characteristics, binary logistic regression analysis showed that in the household dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of high-risk group (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.01-2.54) was 1.61 times higher than in the low-risk group. In the time dimension, the approvingrate about premarital sex of medium-risk group (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.14-2.17) was 1.57 times more than the low-risk group, and compared with the low-risk group of the cultural dimension, the medium-risk group (OR=1.96, 95%CI: 1.43-2.69) and the high-risk group (OR=4.75, 95%CI: 3.24-6.97) were positively correlated with premarital sexual attitudes, that is, the higher the approval of premarital sex is, as the risk increased. The results of WQS model analysis showed that cultural dimension had the most influence on medical students’ attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior, accounting for 45.40%, meantime, time dimension and family dimension accounted for 15.60% and 14.40%, respectively.

Conclusion

The positive attitude of medical students towards premarital sexual behavior is the result of the comprehensive effect of social and ecological risk factors. Besides the high-risk family factors and the medium-risk time factors, the medium and high-risk cultural factors increase the approval of premarital sexual behavior of medical students. Then, the cultural factors have the most influences on the outcome.

Socioecological model  /  Premarital sex  /  Sexual attitudes  /  Medical student
李晗, 永忠甜, 王凯, 袁家盛, 白文琳, 李晨阳, 朱文华, 万宇辉, 王莉. 山西省某医学院校大学生婚前性行为态度与社会生态学风险因素的关联. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (18) : 3374 -3380 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405319
Han LI, Zhong-tian YONG, Kai WANG, Jia-sheng YUAN, Wen-ling BAI, Chen-yang LI, Wen-hua ZHU, Yu-hui WAN, Li WANG. Association between premarital sexual attitudes and socioecological risk factors among college students in a medical school, Shanxi[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (18) : 3374 -3380 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405319
社会生态学风险因素是指个体所处的大环境中不同因素间相互作用进而对行为产生影响,社会生态风险因素相互作用可增加不良健康结局的发生风险[1]。社会生态学模型已被广泛应用于青少年心理健康服务[2]、疫苗使用[3]和自杀预防[4]等。因此,探索社会生态学风险因素与健康风险行为之间的关联,对促进青少年身心健康有重要作用[5]。性态度是个体对性行为所持有的一种基本心理倾向,正确的性态度有利于个体形成良好的性心理并引导其性行为[6]。性态度通常可影响当事人处理个人性方面的各种事务与问题,青少年对待性的态度是性健康的重要基础[7]。婚前性行为态度是个体对于婚前发生性行为的赞同或反对的心理状态和行为表现[8]。随着社会经济快速发展、青少年性成熟提前及结婚年龄推迟,我国未婚青少年的性行为逐年增加[9]。广州市大学生有过性行为经历者占比从2016年15.40%增长至2019年的16.92%[10]。2019年赵芮等人[11]关于中国 11 省市青少年性与生殖健康的调查中,青少年有性行为经历者占 17.71 %,高于2009年上海市未婚青少年的12.70%[12]。但由于缺少性相关知识的准备,青少年的婚前性行为对其健康产生了较大的负面影响,如性病艾滋病传播率高等问题[13-14]。因此,关注婚前性行为态度及可能的影响因素有助于促进青少年性与生殖健康。
目前,对大学生对待婚前性行为态度的研究主要集中在微系统,如家庭、学校、同伴的影响,缺乏对整体社会生态风险因素的综合分析[15-16]。本研究在了解医学生婚前性行为态度的基础上,进一步分析其与社会生态学风险因素的关联,并探讨各社会生态学风险维度对其影响程度,为学校和相关部门性教育工作提供科学依据。
采用方便抽样方法于2021年9月至11月对某医学院校大一到大四1 280名在校未婚大学生进行问卷调查。收回有效问卷 1 273份,有效率99.45 %。其中男生 386 人(30.32%);女生 887人(69.68%)。平均年龄19.80±2.34岁,大一376人(29.53%);大二339人(26.63%);大三350人(27.49%);大四206人(16.18%)。其余人口学特征参见表1。本研究获得山西医科大学伦理委员会(2023006)批准,所有调查对象均签署知情同意书。
调查内容包括人口学特征(性别、年级、家庭居住地、家庭人口数、父亲/母亲文化程度、感知家庭经济条件、关系亲密的朋友个数、和家人居住情况等)、社会生态学风险因素暴露水平、婚前性行为态度。
采用由中国学者编制的《青少年社会生态学风险因素评定问卷》,该问卷在国内青少年中的应用效度、信度均已得到证实[5]。该问卷共50条项目,将社会生态学风险因素分为:个人、家庭、学校、社区、政策、文化和时间等7个维度。根据Likert 5级评分法,正项题型的选项依次记1~5分,反向题型记为5~1分。计算各维度总得分,并按照得分的P25P75将风险分为三个等级:低风险(≤P25)、中风险(>P25和≤P75)和高风险(>P75[19]。总问卷的 Cronbach α系数为 0.897[5]。本次研究中总问卷Cronbach α系数为 0.921。
研究问卷中相关问题:“我认为只要两情相悦是可以发生婚前性行为的”(选项:完全符合,基本符合,有点符合,基本不符,非常不符),根据高慕烨等人[19]关于态度测量的研究,本研究将完全符合、基本符合、有点符合归类为赞同,其余为反对。
由调查员利用自习时间,在教室集中统一发放问卷,并讲解填写要求,强调信息保密原则。学生知情同意后当场匿名填写问卷。填写过程中,调查员随时解答调查对象疑问,问卷当场收回。
资料采用平行双录入,并进行逻辑检查,确保数据的准确性。
采用EpiData 3.1平行双录入建立数据库,运用 SPSS 25.0 进行统计分析。连续变量采用均数±标准差描述,分类变量采用频数和百分比描述。单因素分析采用χ2检验。采用二元多因素logistic回归分析婚前性行为态度与社会风险因素程度之间的关联性,检验水准α=0. 05。使用加权分位数回归(Weighted Quantile Sum, WQS)模型估计社会风险因素各维度与结果之间关联的加权指数,反映其对婚前性行为赞同度的影响程度。WQS 是一种在环境暴露中常见的高维数据集的多元回归的统计模型,用于测试暴露于包含多个潜在相关变量的因素与结局之间的关联性,及各潜在变量对结局变量影响权重[20]
2.1 不同人口学特征的医学生婚前性行为态度比较1 273人中,对婚前性行为持赞同态度的人数为506人,占39.74%。不同性别、年级、家庭居住地、是否是独生子女、关系密切的朋友个数以及日常生活母亲是否缺失、是否与兄弟姐妹居住、是否与其他人(包括姑姑、叔叔或保姆等)居住的大学生之间,婚前性行为态度总体分布不同,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表1
2.2 风险因素不同程度之间医学生婚前性行为态度比较 社会生态学风险各维度不同风险程度之间,婚前性行为态度总体分布不同,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结果见表2
2.3 医学生婚前性行为态度与社会生态学风险因素关联性以医学生对待婚前性行为的态度为因变量,单因素分析中有统计学意义的一般人口学特征为协变量,以社会生态学风险因素七个维度为自变量(低风险组为参照),进行二元多因素logistic回归分析。结果显示在家庭维度中,高风险组(OR =1.61,95% CI:1.02~2.54)学生对婚前性行为赞同度是低风险组学生的1.61倍。在时间维度中,中风险组(OR =1.57,95% CI:1.14~2.17)学生对婚前性行为赞同度是低风险组学生的1.57倍;相对于文化维度低风险组,文化风险的中风险组(OR=1.96,95% CI:1.43~2.69)、高风险组(OR=4.75,95% CI:3.24~6.97)均与婚前性行为态度呈正相关,即随着文化维度风险的增加,医学生对婚前性行为的赞同度增加。见表4
2.4 社会生态学风险因素各维度对医学生婚前性行为态度的影响权重 以医学生对待婚前性行为态度为因变量,单因素分析中有统计学意义的一般人口学特征为协变量,将个人维度(x1)、家庭维度(x2)、学校维度(x3)、社区维度(x4)、政策维度(x5)、时间维度(x6)、文化维度(x7)作为自变量纳入WQS模型估计对医学生婚前性行为态度影响程度。结果显示文化维度对结局影响最大,占45.40%,时间维度和家庭维度分别占15.60%和14.40%。
Bronfenbrenner[21]最早从社会生态学角度提出了生态系统理论,是发展心理学的重要理论之一。许有云等[22]指出,从生态系统等理论框架可知青少年的成长环境是多层次多维度,各维度如个人内部、社会和物理环境构建等都会对行为有多重影响[23-24]。本次研究中,39.74%的医学生对婚前性行为持赞同态度,略高于鲁心怡等人[25]的研究结果(31.65%)。
研究结果显示文化维度中、高风险暴露组学生对婚前性行为赞同度均高于低风险暴露组,且对医学生婚前性行为态度影响权重最大。本研究的文化暴露途径主要包括看直播或抖音、手机聊天等。随着互联网及媒体的发展,追求自我个性、婚恋自主等思想显著冲击着传统文化价值观,互联网平台、媒体方便了各种文化、信息交流的同时,其负面影响也日益显现[26]。媒体途径传播的信息良莠不齐,优劣难辨,可能对青少年的性行为态度形成不良的引导。有研究提示社交媒体的使用会增加青少年发生性行为的风险[27],互联网频繁使用的年轻人对婚前性行为的接受度越高[28]。大众媒体和流行文化会助长年轻人不健康性态度和不负责任的性行为[29]。在生命历程中,青少年时期是接触社会决定因素的变化和多样性最大的时期,其中媒体是主要影响因素之一[30]。因此,媒体应加强优秀文化的传播,营造健康网络环境,为引导青少年树立健康的性态度发挥重要作用。
除文化维度外,家庭和时间维度对医学生婚前性行为态度也有一定影响,但其影响权重明显低于文化维度。这可能是随着年龄的增加原生家庭对青少年的影响逐渐减少,而家庭之外的社会因素影响增加。本次研究的家庭维度包括家庭成员关系、父母尊重与否、与父母交流频率。时间维度由个体和生活环境(如家庭结构的变化)在生命过程中的一致性或变化性生活事件组成[31],如父母离异。有研究表明,家庭功能不全与青少年不安全的性行为呈正相关[32],而父母与子女在性相关问题上的谈论越多,会使孩子在性问题的处理上表现得更加坚定和明智[25];何迎娇[33]等人的研究提示父母离异会减低对子女的日常生活等的关注度,影响其性知识知晓度,故性观念开放。
综上所述,医学生较积极的婚前性行为态度,是社会生态风险因素综合作用结果,其中微系统中的家庭维度、宏系统中的文化和时间维度处于高风险暴露时,医学生对婚前性行为赞同度增加,尤其是文化维度对婚前性行为态度影响程度最大。研究中所使用的评定问卷虽在制订时针对的是中学生,但其中的风险因素可用于大学生,且本次研究对该问卷进行信效度分析,Cronbach α系数为 0.921,提示所采用调查问卷可靠。调查对象来自某一所医学院校,因此在结果推广时要注意研究对象的局限性;此外,本次调查采用的自填调查问卷的形式,可能存在报告和回忆偏移;本研究调查侧重点在于医学生的婚前性行为态度,未对婚前性行为进行调查,之后的研究有待进一步完善。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(82073576)
  • 中国青少年行为健康新型风险因素监测与队列研究(横向合作项目)
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2024年第51卷第18期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405319
  • 接收时间:2024-05-20
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-09-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-20
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82073576)
中国青少年行为健康新型风险因素监测与队列研究(横向合作项目)
作者信息
    1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院儿少教研室,山西 太原 030001
    2.山西医科大学第二临床医学院
    3.太原市中小学学生卫生保健所
    4.安徽医科大学公共卫生学院
    5.山西医科大学早期儿童健康发展研究中心

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Percentage of
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Genus
种数
Number of
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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