Article(id=1241759333189484576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241759317016252418, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1717084800000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-31, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773988095804, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1727193600000, pubDateStr=2024-09-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773988095804, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773988095804, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773988095804, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241759317016252418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='18', pageStart='3265', pageEnd='3456', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773988091898, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773991617194, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241774103024174010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241759317016252418, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241774103024174011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241759317016252418, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3381, endPage=3386, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241759333772492838, articleId=1241759333189484576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Impact of offspring education on the cognitive function trajectory of rural elderly people: an 18-year longitudinal study, columnId=null, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To study the relationship between the education of offspring and the developmental trajectory of cognitive function in the rural elderly, and to explore the mediating effect of intergenerational support.

Methods

Based on seven waves of a special longitudinal survey spanning 18 years, a group-based trajectory model was used to identify the heterogeneous developmental trends of cognitive function in the rural elderly population. An unordered polytomous logistic regression was employed to study the association between offspring’s education and the developmental trajectory cognitive function among the rural elderly. The KHB method was utilized to analyze the mediating effect of intergenerational support.

Results

A total of 1 342 elderly individuals, aged 60 to 100 years and having participated in at least two survey waves, were included. Three cognitive function trajectory groups were identified: the low decline group (19.75%), the moderate decline group (44.41%), and the high stability group (35.84%). Compared with subjects in the low decline group, those with higher levels of offspring education were more likely to belong to the moderate decline or high stability groups. Intergenerational support played a significant mediating role in this relationship, exhibiting a characteristic of need dependency. Furthermore, intergenerational economic support contributed the most to the mediating effect in each trajectory group, and robustness checks yielded similar results.

Conclusion

There is heterogeneity in the trajectories of cognitive function among the rural elderly. The educational achievements of offspring are an intrinsic driving force for the positive development of cognitive function in this demographic. At the same time, under the continuous impact of modern ideas and cultural waves, the traditional "filial piety culture" in rural areas of China remains deeply rooted.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ping WANG, Chen WU, Hao-chuan ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241759337958408340, articleId=1241759333189484576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=子代教育对农村老年人认知功能轨迹的影响—18年追踪研究, columnId=1228016572640461823, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=健康与社会行为, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

研究子代教育和农村老年人认知功能发展轨迹之间的关系并探索代际支持的中介效应。

方法

基于跨越18年的七期专项追踪调查数据,采用组基轨迹模型识别农村老年人认知功能的异质性发展趋势,运用无序多分类logistic回归研究子代教育和农村老年人认知功能发展轨迹之间的关联,利用KHB方法分析代际支持在其中的中介效应。

结果

共纳入了1 342名年龄在60~100岁且至少参与两期调查的老人,确定了3个认知功能轨迹组:低下降组(19.75%)、中下降组(44.41%)、高稳定组(35.84%)。与低下降的受试者相比,子代教育水平越高,认知功能轨迹归属于中下降组和高稳定组的可能性越高,代际支持在两者的关系中发挥了显著的中介效应,并呈现出需求依赖性的特点。且代际经济支持在每个轨迹组中介效应贡献占比最大,稳健型检验也得到了类似的结果。

结论

农村老年人认知功能轨迹存在异质性,子代教育成就是农村老年人认知功能积极发展的内在推动力,同时在现代化思想与文化浪潮地不断冲击下,中国农村地区传统“孝文化”依旧根深蒂固。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
仵晨,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=hM2P+ZekEvRw9q2MuWqQ8Q==, magXml=4LRdruGSIOXzZ/70qBJM2A==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=OHEDboxkUcNi7VWYMkXDGw==, pdfFileSize=684261, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=yo5gK7Klq/TdjAkTyjcFuA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=csw9clemhHoeyTgIjv0UiA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

王萍(1968—),女,博士,教授,研究方向:老年人认知功能

, authorsList=王萍, 仵晨, 张浩川)}, authors=[Author(id=1241759339564826890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241759339917148450, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, authorId=1241759339564826890, language=EN, stringName=Ping WANG, firstName=Ping, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=Institute of Social Development of Aging, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241759340248498485, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, authorId=1241759339564826890, language=CN, stringName=王萍, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.西安科技大学老龄社会发展研究所,陕西 西安 710054
2.西安科技大学管理学院, bio={"content":"

王萍(1968—),女,博士,教授,研究方向:老年人认知功能

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

王萍(1968—),女,博士,教授,研究方向:老年人认知功能

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241759338549805241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759338788880579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, companyId=1241759338549805241, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Social Development of Aging, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759338830823624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, companyId=1241759338549805241, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.西安科技大学老龄社会发展研究所,陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241759339036344540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759339128619234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, companyId=1241759339036344540, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.西安科技大学管理学院)])]), Author(id=1241759340479185220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=483221335@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241759342211432801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, authorId=1241759340479185220, language=EN, stringName=Chen WU, firstName=Chen, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241759342366622062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, authorId=1241759340479185220, language=CN, stringName=仵晨, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.西安科技大学管理学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241759339036344540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759339128619234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, companyId=1241759339036344540, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.西安科技大学管理学院)])]), Author(id=1241759342609891714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241759343016739234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, authorId=1241759342609891714, language=EN, stringName=Hao-chuan ZHANG, firstName=Hao-chuan, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241759343180317098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, authorId=1241759342609891714, language=CN, stringName=张浩川, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.西安科技大学马克思主义学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241759339334140148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759339405443323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, companyId=1241759339334140148, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.西安科技大学马克思主义学院)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241759343524250058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Offspring education), Keyword(id=1241759343650079189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Cognitive function), Keyword(id=1241759343767519712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Developmental trajectory), Keyword(id=1241759343994012145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=子代教育), Keyword(id=1241759344107258362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=认知功能), Keyword(id=1241759344245670406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=发展轨迹)], refs=[Reference(id=1241759352646861580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=8, issue=3, pageStart=108, pageEnd=126, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=郑舒文, journalName=社会保障评论, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郑舒文.失能老年人的家庭养老图景与政策选择[J].社会保障评论20248(3):108-126., articleTitle=失能老年人的家庭养老图景与政策选择, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759352911102754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=8, issue=3, pageStart=108, pageEnd=126, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Zheng SW, journalName=Chinese Social Security Review, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zheng SW. Family support patterns for disabled elderly and policy implications[J]. Chinese Social Security Review, 2024, 8(3): 108-126.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Family support patterns for disabled elderly and policy implications, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759353024348976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=1, pageStart=64, pageEnd=75, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=汪洋, 陈功, 吴振东, journalName=西北人口, refType=null, unstructuredReference=汪洋,陈功,吴振东.子女教育影响老年父母健康的机制及其异质性[J].西北人口202243(1):64-75., articleTitle=子女教育影响老年父母健康的机制及其异质性, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759353192121146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=1, pageStart=64, pageEnd=75, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Wang Y, Chen G, Wu ZD, journalName=Northwest Population Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y, Chen G, Wu ZD. Research on the mechanism and heterogeneous effects of adult children’s education on the health of older parents inChina[J]. Northwest Population Journal, 2022, 43(1): 64-75.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Research on the mechanism and heterogeneous effects of adult children’s education on the health of older parents inChina, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759353359893320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=57, pageEnd=67, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=陆杰华, 林嘉琪, journalName=中国特色社会主义研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陆杰华,林嘉琪.中国人口新国情的特征、影响及应对方略——基于“七普”数据分析[J].中国特色社会主义研究2021(3):57-67., articleTitle=中国人口新国情的特征、影响及应对方略——基于“七普”数据分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759353506693976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=3, pageStart=57, pageEnd=67, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Lu JH, Lin JQ, journalName=Studies on Socialism With Chinese Characteristics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lu JH, Lin JQ. Impact and responding principals ofChina’s new conditions of population:based on analysis of data of the seventh National census[J]. Studies on Socialism With Chinese Characteristics, 2021(3): 57-67.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Impact and responding principals ofChina’s new conditions of population:based on analysis of data of the seventh National census, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759353624134498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=33, issue=10, pageStart=2671, pageEnd=2677, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Ferraro OE, Guaita A, Villani S, journalName=Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ferraro OE, Guaita A, Villani S. Cognitive, physical and disability trajectories in community-dwelling elderly people[J]. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2021, 33(10): 2671-2677., articleTitle=Cognitive, physical and disability trajectories in community-dwelling elderly people, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759353787712368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=19, issue=6, pageStart=3684, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Gojnic M, Todorovic J, Stanisavljevic D, journalName=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gojnic M, Todorovic J, Stanisavljevic D, et al. Maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women with diabetes[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, 19(6): 3684., articleTitle=Maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women with diabetes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759353997427586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=49, issue=4, pageStart=695, pageEnd=699, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=胡依, 闵淑慧, 郭芮绮, journalName=现代预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡依,闵淑慧,郭芮绮,等.基于组基轨迹建模的中国老年人抑郁症状发展轨迹研究[J].现代预防医学202249(4):695-699., articleTitle=基于组基轨迹建模的中国老年人抑郁症状发展轨迹研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759355553514381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=49, issue=4, pageStart=695, pageEnd=699, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Hu Y, Min SH, Guo RQ, journalName=Modern Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hu Y, Min SH, Guo RQ, et al. Trajectories of depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults:based on group-based trajectory model[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2022, 49(4): 695-699.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Trajectories of depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults:based on group-based trajectory model, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759355658371990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=66, issue=null, pageStart=222, pageEnd=240, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Ma MM, journalName=Journal of Health Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma MM. Does children’s education matter for parents’ health and cognition?Evidence from China[J].Journal of Health Economics, 2019,66:222-240., articleTitle=Does children’s education matter for parents’ health and cognition?Evidence from China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759355838727076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=18, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=11, authorNames=王萍, 张楠, 尚锦云, journalName=南方人口, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王萍,张楠,尚锦云,等.年龄视角下家庭结构转变对农村老人代际支持的影响[J].南方人口202439(1):18-32., articleTitle=年龄视角下家庭结构转变对农村老人代际支持的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759356069413814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=18, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Wang P, Zhang N, Shang JY, journalName=South China Population, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang P, Zhang N, Shang JY, et al. Influence of family structural transformation on the inter-generational support of rural elderlyfrom the perspective of age[J].South China Population, 2024, 39(1): 18-32.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Influence of family structural transformation on the inter-generational support of rural elderlyfrom the perspective of age, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759356245574598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=6, issue=Z1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=12, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=13, authorNames=陈孝群, 华中生, 朱晓莉, journalName=信息与管理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈孝群,华中生,朱晓莉.我国家庭子女结构与老年人生活质量的关系分析[J].信息与管理研究20216(Z1):1-12., articleTitle=我国家庭子女结构与老年人生活质量的关系分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759356413346771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=6, issue=Z1, pageStart=1, pageEnd=12, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Chen XQ, Hua ZS, Zhu XL, journalName=Journal of Information and Management, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen XQ, Hua ZS, Zhu XL. Analysis on the relationship between the family children structure and the quality of life of the elderly inChina[J]. Journal of Information and Management, 2021, 6(Z1): 1-12.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis on the relationship between the family children structure and the quality of life of the elderly inChina, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759356589507553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=37, issue=3, pageStart=13, pageEnd=26, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=15, authorNames=崔鑫妍, 王琳, 于爱华, journalName=南方人口, refType=null, unstructuredReference=崔鑫妍,王琳,于爱华,等.不同性别子代教育对农村老年人健康的影响-基于中介效应和干预效应的差异分析[J].南方人口202237(3):13-26., articleTitle=不同性别子代教育对农村老年人健康的影响-基于中介效应和干预效应的差异分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759356795028470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=37, issue=3, pageStart=13, pageEnd=26, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Cui XY, Wang L, Yu AH, journalName=South China Population, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cui XY, Wang L, Yu AH, et al. The gender effect of children’s education on the health of the elderly in rural areas:an analysis based on mediation effect and intervention effect[J].South China Population, 2022, 37(3): 13-26.(In Chinese), articleTitle=The gender effect of children’s education on the health of the elderly in rural areas:an analysis based on mediation effect and intervention effect, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759356920856576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=51, issue=5, pageStart=888, pageEnd=892, 898, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=17, authorNames=秦慧, 陈娜, 卓力, journalName=现代预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=秦慧,陈娜,卓力.社会参与对老年人抑郁轨迹的影响——基于生活质量的中介效应[J].现代预防医学202451(5):888-892, 898., articleTitle=社会参与对老年人抑郁轨迹的影响——基于生活质量的中介效应, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759357046685711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=51, issue=5, pageStart=888, pageEnd=892, 898, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Qin H, Chen N, Zhuo L, journalName=Modern Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qin H, Chen N, Zhuo L. The influence of social participation on the depression track of the elderly:mediating effect based on quality of life[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024, 51(5): 888-892, 898.(In Chinese), articleTitle=The influence of social participation on the depression track of the elderly:mediating effect based on quality of life, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759357164126231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=1, pageStart=844, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Qiu Y, Cong Z, Wang XX, journalName=BMC Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qiu Y, Cong Z, Wang XX, et al. Potential factors associated with resilience among older adults in rural China: a multilevel analysis[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2023, 23(1): 844., articleTitle=Potential factors associated with resilience among older adults in rural China: a multilevel analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759357306732573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2000, volume=24, issue=6, pageStart=882, pageEnd=891, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Muthén B, Muthén LK, journalName=Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Muthén B, Muthén LK. Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analyses: growth mixture modeling with latent trajectory classes[J]. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 2000, 24(6): 882-891., articleTitle=Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analyses: growth mixture modeling with latent trajectory classes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759357424173097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=54, issue=3, pageStart=148, pageEnd=159, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=21, authorNames=吴玉锋, 张苗, journalName=西北大学学报:哲学社会科学版, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴玉锋,张苗.金融知识、风险态度与个人养老金参与行为[J].西北大学学报:哲学社会科学版202454(3):148-159., articleTitle=金融知识、风险态度与个人养老金参与行为, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759357642276917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=54, issue=3, pageStart=148, pageEnd=159, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Wu YF, Zhang M, journalName=Journal ofNorthwest University: Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu YF, Zhang M. Financial knowledge,risk attitude and individual pension participation behavior[J]. Journal ofNorthwest University: Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition, 2024, 54(3): 148-159.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Financial knowledge,risk attitude and individual pension participation behavior, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759357772300351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=41, issue=5, pageStart=72, pageEnd=90, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=23, authorNames=杨克文, 臧文斌, 李光勤, journalName=人口学刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨克文,臧文斌,李光勤.子女教育对中老年父母健康的影响[J].人口学刊201941(5):72-90., articleTitle=子女教育对中老年父母健康的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759357931683920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=41, issue=5, pageStart=72, pageEnd=90, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Yang KW, Zang WB, Li GQ, journalName=Population Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang KW, Zang WB, Li GQ. The impact of adult children’s education on the health of middle aged and elderly parents[J]. Population Journal, 2019, 41(5): 72-90.(In Chinese), articleTitle=The impact of adult children’s education on the health of middle aged and elderly parents, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759358128816227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=50, issue=14, pageStart=2620, pageEnd=2626, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=25, authorNames=崔军红, 任江艳, 史淑芳, journalName=现代预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=崔军红,任江艳,史淑芳,等.我国中老年人参与社交活动对认知功能变化轨迹的影响:一项随访8年的队列研究[J].现代预防医学202350(14):2620-2626., articleTitle=我国中老年人参与社交活动对认知功能变化轨迹的影响:一项随访8年的队列研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759358233673838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=50, issue=14, pageStart=2620, pageEnd=2626, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Cui JH, Ren JY, Shi SF, journalName=Modern Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cui JH, Ren JY, Shi SF, et al. Associations between social activities and cognitive trajectories in Chinese middle-aged and older adults:an eight-year follow-up study[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2023, 50(14): 2620-2626.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Associations between social activities and cognitive trajectories in Chinese middle-aged and older adults:an eight-year follow-up study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759361626865788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=40, issue=5, pageStart=49, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=27, authorNames=孙碧琳, 杨克, 文长存, journalName=湖北第二师范学院学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙碧琳,杨克,文长存.子女教育对农村老年人心理健康的影响-基于子女性别差异视角[J].湖北第二师范学院学报202340(5):49-53., articleTitle=子女教育对农村老年人心理健康的影响-基于子女性别差异视角, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759361740112003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=40, issue=5, pageStart=49, pageEnd=53, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Sun BL, Yang K, Wen CC, journalName=Journal of Hubei University of Education, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun BL, Yang K, Wen CC. The effect of children’s education on older parents’mental health in ruralChina-From the perspective of children’s gender difference[J]. Journal of Hubei University of Education, 2023, 40(5): 49-53.(In Chinese), articleTitle=The effect of children’s education on older parents’mental health in ruralChina-From the perspective of children’s gender difference, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759361844969610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=140, pageEnd=149, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=29, authorNames=赵锋, journalName=甘肃社会科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵锋.子女教育对父母晚年幸福感的影响:结构效应与异质性分析[J].甘肃社会科学2022,(5):140-149., articleTitle=子女教育对父母晚年幸福感的影响:结构效应与异质性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759362079850651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=140, pageEnd=149, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Zhao F, journalName=Gansu Social Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao F. The influence of children’s education on parents’happiness in their later years:structural effect and heterogeneity analysis[J].Gansu Social Sciences, 2022, (5): 140-149.(In Chinese), articleTitle=The influence of children’s education on parents’happiness in their later years:structural effect and heterogeneity analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759362226651299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=55, pageEnd=66, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=31, authorNames=王晟昱, 郝晶晶, journalName=决策科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王晟昱,郝晶晶.成年子女代际支持对城市老年人多维贫困的影响——基于CFPS2018的实证研究[J].决策科学2024,(1):55-66., articleTitle=成年子女代际支持对城市老年人多维贫困的影响——基于CFPS2018的实证研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759362386034860, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=55, pageEnd=66, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Wang SY, Hao JJ, journalName=Decision Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang SY, Hao JJ. The influence of intergenerational support of adult children on multidimensional poverty of urban elderly[J]. Decision Science, 2024, (1): 55-66.(In Chinese), articleTitle=The influence of intergenerational support of adult children on multidimensional poverty of urban elderly, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759362507669686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=94, pageEnd=110, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=33, authorNames=沈凯俊, 周祥, 王雪辉, journalName=人口与经济, refType=null, unstructuredReference=沈凯俊,周祥,王雪辉,等.老年人的家庭禀赋对其居住安排的影响及其机制分析[J].人口与经济2023,(2):94-110., articleTitle=老年人的家庭禀赋对其居住安排的影响及其机制分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241759362667053250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=null, issue=2, pageStart=94, pageEnd=110, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Shen KJ, Zhou X, Wang XH, journalName=Population & Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shen KJ, Zhou X, Wang XH, et al. Influence and mechanism of older adults’household endowments on their living arrangements[J]. Population & Economics, 2023, (2): 94-110.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Influence and mechanism of older adults’household endowments on their living arrangements, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241759352437146373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, awardId=21ARK005, language=CN, fundingSource=国家社会科学基金项目(21ARK005), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241759338549805241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759338788880579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, companyId=1241759338549805241, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Social Development of Aging, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759338830823624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, companyId=1241759338549805241, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.西安科技大学老龄社会发展研究所,陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241759339036344540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759339128619234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, companyId=1241759339036344540, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.西安科技大学管理学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241759339334140148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241759339405443323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, companyId=1241759339334140148, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.西安科技大学马克思主义学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241759344568631847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Trajectories of Cognitive Function in Rural Elderly Groups, figureFileSmall=5BnR814ZMzJCOwv0wOPIQg==, figureFileBig=yo5gK7Klq/TdjAkTyjcFuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241759344757375543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, label=图1, caption=农村老年人认知功能轨迹组, figureFileSmall=5BnR814ZMzJCOwv0wOPIQg==, figureFileBig=yo5gK7Klq/TdjAkTyjcFuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241759346556731997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Model Fit Evaluation Metrics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
轨迹组别组群规模样本比例(%)估计的组群身份概率π(%)Avepp
低下降组26519.75%19.970.821
中下降组59644.41%43.410.776
高稳定组48135.84%36.620.846
), ArticleFig(id=1241759348536443496, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

模型拟合评价指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
轨迹组别组群规模样本比例(%)估计的组群身份概率π(%)Avepp
低下降组26519.75%19.970.821
中下降组59644.41%43.410.776
高稳定组48135.84%36.620.846
), ArticleFig(id=1241759348716798584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Basic Characteristics of Different Trajectory Groups[(),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量认知功能轨迹F/χ2P
低下降组中下降组高稳定组
年龄(岁)75.15±6.5171.50±6.8667.36±5.841 719.27<0.001
子代教育71.18<0.001
小学及以下6(2.3%)32(5.4%)51(10.6%)
初中37(14.0%)92(15.4%)76(15.8%)
高中107(40.4%)279(46.8%)268(55.7%)
大专及以上115(43.4%)193(32.4%)86(17.9%)
性别238.42<0.001
42(15.8%)221(37.1%)342(71.1%)
233(84.2%)375(62.9%)139(28.9%)
受教育程度196.87<0.001
上过学11(4.2%)74(12.4%)202(42.0%)
未上过学254(95.8)522(87.6%)279(58.0%)
婚姻状况92.04<0.001
在婚102(38.5%)340(57.0%)356(74.0%)
不在婚163(61.5%)256(43.0%)125(26.0%)
职业4.970.083
农业251(94.7%)562(94.3%)439(91.3%)
非农业14(5.3%)34(5.7%)42(8.7%)
独立经济收入163.37<0.001
有独立经济收入67(25.3%)295(49.5%)352(73.2%)
无独立经济收入198(74.7%)301(50.5%)129(26.8%)
慢性疾病数(个)2.39±1.6552.02±1.541.61±1.31285.79<0.001
居住安排:22.81<0.001
与他人一起住193(72.8%)477(80.0%)418(86.9%)
独居72(27.2%)119(20.0%)63(13.1%)
子女数(个)3.90±1.713.99±1.574.09±1.5317.06<0.001
代际支持
代际经济支持6.11±0.926.17±0.906.27±0.9332.33<0.001
代际情感支持7.14±1.647.11±1.617.33±1.6030.88<0.001
代际日常照料:6.830.033
居住在附近136(51.3%)300(50.3%)208(43.2%)
未居住在附近129(48.7%)296(49.7%)273(56.8%)
), ArticleFig(id=1241759348918125188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同轨迹组群的基本特征[(),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量认知功能轨迹F/χ2P
低下降组中下降组高稳定组
年龄(岁)75.15±6.5171.50±6.8667.36±5.841 719.27<0.001
子代教育71.18<0.001
小学及以下6(2.3%)32(5.4%)51(10.6%)
初中37(14.0%)92(15.4%)76(15.8%)
高中107(40.4%)279(46.8%)268(55.7%)
大专及以上115(43.4%)193(32.4%)86(17.9%)
性别238.42<0.001
42(15.8%)221(37.1%)342(71.1%)
233(84.2%)375(62.9%)139(28.9%)
受教育程度196.87<0.001
上过学11(4.2%)74(12.4%)202(42.0%)
未上过学254(95.8)522(87.6%)279(58.0%)
婚姻状况92.04<0.001
在婚102(38.5%)340(57.0%)356(74.0%)
不在婚163(61.5%)256(43.0%)125(26.0%)
职业4.970.083
农业251(94.7%)562(94.3%)439(91.3%)
非农业14(5.3%)34(5.7%)42(8.7%)
独立经济收入163.37<0.001
有独立经济收入67(25.3%)295(49.5%)352(73.2%)
无独立经济收入198(74.7%)301(50.5%)129(26.8%)
慢性疾病数(个)2.39±1.6552.02±1.541.61±1.31285.79<0.001
居住安排:22.81<0.001
与他人一起住193(72.8%)477(80.0%)418(86.9%)
独居72(27.2%)119(20.0%)63(13.1%)
子女数(个)3.90±1.713.99±1.574.09±1.5317.06<0.001
代际支持
代际经济支持6.11±0.926.17±0.906.27±0.9332.33<0.001
代际情感支持7.14±1.647.11±1.617.33±1.6030.88<0.001
代际日常照料:6.830.033
居住在附近136(51.3%)300(50.3%)208(43.2%)
未居住在附近129(48.7%)296(49.7%)273(56.8%)
), ArticleFig(id=1241759349085897358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Association Analysis of Different Offspring Educational Levels with the Trajectories of Cognitive Function in Rural Elderly

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1 RRR(95%CI模型2 RRR(95%CI模型3 RRR(95%CI
中下降组:
初中1.620(1.376~1.908)a1.254(1.049~1.499)b1.229(1.026~1.471)b
高中1.528(1.214~1.923)a1.318(1.031~1.686)b1.269(0.991~1.625)c
大专及以上3.598(2.324~5.571)a3.098(1.964~4.887)a2.751(1.733~4.365)a
高稳定组:
初中3.823(3.193~4.577)a2.447(1.963~3.049)a2.278(1.824~2.846)a
高中3.335(2.616~4.252)a2.464(1.836~3.306)a2.252(1.674~3.030)a
大专及以上11.293(7.302~17.465)a8.442(5.170~13.784)a6.213(3.771~10.238)a
), ArticleFig(id=1241759349471773347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同子代教育水平与农村老年人认知功能轨迹的关联分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1 RRR(95%CI模型2 RRR(95%CI模型3 RRR(95%CI
中下降组:
初中1.620(1.376~1.908)a1.254(1.049~1.499)b1.229(1.026~1.471)b
高中1.528(1.214~1.923)a1.318(1.031~1.686)b1.269(0.991~1.625)c
大专及以上3.598(2.324~5.571)a3.098(1.964~4.887)a2.751(1.733~4.365)a
高稳定组:
初中3.823(3.193~4.577)a2.447(1.963~3.049)a2.278(1.824~2.846)a
高中3.335(2.616~4.252)a2.464(1.836~3.306)a2.252(1.674~3.030)a
大专及以上11.293(7.302~17.465)a8.442(5.170~13.784)a6.213(3.771~10.238)a
), ArticleFig(id=1241759351187243706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Mediation Effect Test of Intergenerational Support

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量经济支持照料支持情感支持
中下降组:混杂比混杂百分比混杂比混杂百分比混杂比混杂百分比
初中1.11410.251.0353.381.0282.75
高中1.1099.851.0050.511.0504.73
大专及以上1.23411.031.0171.711.0403.80
高稳定组:
初中1.11310.171.0575.381.0514.86
高中1.21217.471.0313.041.11610.41
大专及以上1.22318.261.0313.001.11210.09
), ArticleFig(id=1241759351401153220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

代际支持的中介效应检验

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量经济支持照料支持情感支持
中下降组:混杂比混杂百分比混杂比混杂百分比混杂比混杂百分比
初中1.11410.251.0353.381.0282.75
高中1.1099.851.0050.511.0504.73
大专及以上1.23411.031.0171.711.0403.80
高稳定组:
初中1.11310.171.0575.381.0514.86
高中1.21217.471.0313.041.11610.41
大专及以上1.22318.261.0313.001.11210.09
), ArticleFig(id=1241759351795417815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Contribution of Mediation Effects

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
认知轨迹组中介效应贡献度(%)
经济支持照料支持情感支持
中下降组:
初中58.7823.1818.04
高中65.978.2325.80
大专及以上67.629.6222.75
高稳定组:
初中51.2424.6824.09
高中57.959.0533.01
大专及以上59.088.7632.16
), ArticleFig(id=1241759351950607072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

中介效应贡献度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
认知轨迹组中介效应贡献度(%)
经济支持照料支持情感支持
中下降组:
初中58.7823.1818.04
高中65.978.2325.80
大专及以上67.629.6222.75
高稳定组:
初中51.2424.6824.09
高中57.959.0533.01
大专及以上59.088.7632.16
), ArticleFig(id=1241759352076436201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

Results of Ordinal Multinomial Logistic Regression Using Alternative Variables

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1 RRR(95%CI模型2 RRR(95%CI模型3 RRR(95%CI
中下降组:
初中1.620(1.376~1.908)a1.254(1.049~1.499)b1.229(1.026~1.471)b
高中1.528(1.214~1.923)a1.318(1.031~1.686)b1.269(0.991~1.625)c
大专及以上3.598(2.324~5.571)a3.098(1.964~4.887)a2.751(1.734~4.365)a
高稳定组:
初中3.823(3.193~4.577)a2.447(1.963~3.049)a2.278(1.824~2.846)a
高中3.335(2.616~4.252)a2.464(1.836~3.306)a2.252(1.674~3.030)a
大专及以上11.293(7.302~17.465)a8.442(5.170~13.784)a6.213(3.771~10.238)a
), ArticleFig(id=1241759352235819765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241759333189484576, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

替代变量法的无序多分类logistic回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1 RRR(95%CI模型2 RRR(95%CI模型3 RRR(95%CI
中下降组:
初中1.620(1.376~1.908)a1.254(1.049~1.499)b1.229(1.026~1.471)b
高中1.528(1.214~1.923)a1.318(1.031~1.686)b1.269(0.991~1.625)c
大专及以上3.598(2.324~5.571)a3.098(1.964~4.887)a2.751(1.734~4.365)a
高稳定组:
初中3.823(3.193~4.577)a2.447(1.963~3.049)a2.278(1.824~2.846)a
高中3.335(2.616~4.252)a2.464(1.836~3.306)a2.252(1.674~3.030)a
大专及以上11.293(7.302~17.465)a8.442(5.170~13.784)a6.213(3.771~10.238)a
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1770628902248, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1227669854342280188, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902278, updatedTime=1770628902278, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1227669854396806141, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902291, updatedTime=1770628902291, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
子代教育对农村老年人认知功能轨迹的影响—18年追踪研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
王萍 1, 2 , 仵晨 2 , 张浩川 3
现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2024,51(18): 3381-3386
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2024, 51(18): 3381-3386
子代教育对农村老年人认知功能轨迹的影响—18年追踪研究
全屏
王萍1, 2, 仵晨2 , 张浩川3
作者信息
  • 1.西安科技大学老龄社会发展研究所,陕西 西安 710054
  • 2.西安科技大学管理学院
  • 3.西安科技大学马克思主义学院
  • 王萍(1968—),女,博士,教授,研究方向:老年人认知功能

通讯作者:

仵晨,E-mail:
Impact of offspring education on the cognitive function trajectory of rural elderly people: an 18-year longitudinal study
Ping WANG1, 2, Chen WU2 , Hao-chuan ZHANG3
Affiliations
  • Institute of Social Development of Aging, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710054, China
出版时间: 2024-09-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

研究子代教育和农村老年人认知功能发展轨迹之间的关系并探索代际支持的中介效应。

方法

基于跨越18年的七期专项追踪调查数据,采用组基轨迹模型识别农村老年人认知功能的异质性发展趋势,运用无序多分类logistic回归研究子代教育和农村老年人认知功能发展轨迹之间的关联,利用KHB方法分析代际支持在其中的中介效应。

结果

共纳入了1 342名年龄在60~100岁且至少参与两期调查的老人,确定了3个认知功能轨迹组:低下降组(19.75%)、中下降组(44.41%)、高稳定组(35.84%)。与低下降的受试者相比,子代教育水平越高,认知功能轨迹归属于中下降组和高稳定组的可能性越高,代际支持在两者的关系中发挥了显著的中介效应,并呈现出需求依赖性的特点。且代际经济支持在每个轨迹组中介效应贡献占比最大,稳健型检验也得到了类似的结果。

结论

农村老年人认知功能轨迹存在异质性,子代教育成就是农村老年人认知功能积极发展的内在推动力,同时在现代化思想与文化浪潮地不断冲击下,中国农村地区传统“孝文化”依旧根深蒂固。

子代教育  /  认知功能  /  发展轨迹
Objective

To study the relationship between the education of offspring and the developmental trajectory of cognitive function in the rural elderly, and to explore the mediating effect of intergenerational support.

Methods

Based on seven waves of a special longitudinal survey spanning 18 years, a group-based trajectory model was used to identify the heterogeneous developmental trends of cognitive function in the rural elderly population. An unordered polytomous logistic regression was employed to study the association between offspring’s education and the developmental trajectory cognitive function among the rural elderly. The KHB method was utilized to analyze the mediating effect of intergenerational support.

Results

A total of 1 342 elderly individuals, aged 60 to 100 years and having participated in at least two survey waves, were included. Three cognitive function trajectory groups were identified: the low decline group (19.75%), the moderate decline group (44.41%), and the high stability group (35.84%). Compared with subjects in the low decline group, those with higher levels of offspring education were more likely to belong to the moderate decline or high stability groups. Intergenerational support played a significant mediating role in this relationship, exhibiting a characteristic of need dependency. Furthermore, intergenerational economic support contributed the most to the mediating effect in each trajectory group, and robustness checks yielded similar results.

Conclusion

There is heterogeneity in the trajectories of cognitive function among the rural elderly. The educational achievements of offspring are an intrinsic driving force for the positive development of cognitive function in this demographic. At the same time, under the continuous impact of modern ideas and cultural waves, the traditional "filial piety culture" in rural areas of China remains deeply rooted.

Offspring education  /  Cognitive function  /  Developmental trajectory
王萍, 仵晨, 张浩川. 子代教育对农村老年人认知功能轨迹的影响—18年追踪研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (18) : 3381 -3386 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500
Ping WANG, Chen WU, Hao-chuan ZHANG. Impact of offspring education on the cognitive function trajectory of rural elderly people: an 18-year longitudinal study[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (18) : 3381 -3386 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500
据统计,目前全中国约有1 507万老年痴呆患者。预计到2050年这一数字将增长到2 898万[1]。“一人失智,全家失衡”,这一庞大的数字背后,是每个个体家庭的困境。与人口老龄化并行的是中国人口受教育程度的大幅提升[2]。与10年前相比,我国大学教育的普及率显著增加,文盲率大幅下降[3]。代际间巨大的受教育程度差异提升了子代教育为父母认知功能做贡献的可能性。由于子代与父代在生理和文化上终身性的关联,子代教育的成功与否直接关联到父母的认知功能发展。且在以家庭养老为主的农村地区,子代教育带来的向上溢出效应相对更显著且弥足珍贵。截至目前,有关子代教育和老年人认知功能之间的关系研究多是基于截面数据,较少有发展轨迹的研究。更无专门针对农村老年人的研究。基于此,本研究利用跨越18年的七期专项追踪调查数据,借助组基轨迹模型[4-5](Group-based trajectory modelling,GBTM)描绘农村老年人的认知功能变化轨迹,探讨子代教育对农村老年人认知功能轨迹的影响及作用机制,不仅增进了对子代教育水平对农村老年人认知功能轨迹动态影响的理解,而且对于制定农村教育政策、激励家庭教育投资,以及提升农村老年人的生活质量具有重要的实际意义。
本研究使用的是西安交通大学人口与发展研究所于2001—2018年进行的“安徽农村老年人生活福利状况”7期调查数据,调查经西安交通大学学术研究委员会批准。所有参与者均被充分告知了研究目的和方法,且签署了书面知情同意书。在数据分析过程中,剔除了在2001年之后15年间经历迁移、离世及无子女的老年人样本。最终纳入模型的基期样本量为1 342。
主要通过一般认知能力、反应速度、注意力与计算能力、回忆能力等五类共六个项目来测量,测量项目均采用二分法评分,取值范围为0~12分,分数越高表示农村老年人的认知功能状态越好。为了确保评估工具的可靠性,本研究计算了7个不同时间点的Alpha系数,Alpha系数在0.65至0.78之间,表明所用量表具有较好的内部一致性[6],可以用于评估农村老年人的认知功能水平。
取受访者所有子代中教育程度最高的子代[7]作为子代教育变量,并将其划分为“小学及以下”、“初中”、“高中”和“大专及以上”4类。
与核心解释变量相对应,具体指最高受教育子代所提供的代际支持[8],主要包括代际经济支持、代际照料支持和代际情感支持三个方面。其中,经济支持由过去一年该子女所提供的金钱、食品或礼物总价值来衡量;照料支持为避免与子代教育构成内生性,选取该子代是否居住在附近[9-10]作为代理变量;情感支持通过询问农村老年人与该子女情感亲近状况、相处情况以及是否愿意倾听心事3个问题,采用三级测量“1=从不、2=有时、3=经常”并将得分累加后得到农村老年人与该子女亲密程度得分,取值范围为3~9分。
参照以往研究[11-12],主要选取了农村老年人个体特征和家庭特征两个方面的变量。(1)个体特征变量主要包括年龄、性别、受教育程度、婚姻状况、职业、独立经济收入、慢性疾病数,(2)家庭特征变量主要包括居住安排和子女数。
首先,通过组基轨迹模型拟合农村老年人的认知功能轨迹,通过比较不同模型的拟合指标和轨迹组形态的专业可解释性,选择最适的模型。其次,采用卡方检验和方差分析比较不同轨迹亚组的基线特征,再次,采用无序多分类logistic回归来研究子代教育水平和农村老年人认知功能发展轨迹之间的关联,最后,采用KHB方法分析代际支持对不同子代教育水平和农村老年人认知功能轨迹影响的中介效应。以上过程均在STATA 17.0和SPSS 27.0软件中实现。
基于GBTM模型,通过比较贝叶斯信息标准BIC,最终确定了最佳轨迹类型数为3组,分别是低下降组(n=265,19.75%)、中下降组(n=596,44.41%)和高稳定组(n=481,35.84%),见图1。具体轨迹模型拟合评价指标见表1。从表1可知,本研究中3个轨迹组的平均验后分组概率均大于0.7,且每个亚组个体成员占比大于5%。因此,本模型很好地捕捉到了数据中的区分性特征,模型拟合较为理想[13]
识别出不同轨迹组后,本研究对各个轨迹类别进行描述,见表2。结果显示不同认知功能轨迹分组下的研究对象与农村老年人个体特征变量和中介变量之间的差异具有统计学意义。
本研究以子代教育水平作为自变量,轨迹归属类别作为因变量,特征变量中具有统计学意义的变量作为协变量,建立3个无序多分类logistic回归模型,选择“低下降组”作为参照组,分析不同子代教育水平与农村老年人认知功能发展轨迹间的相关关系,见表3。相较于子代教育水平为小学及以下的农村老年人,农村老年人归属于“中下降组”和“高稳定组”的可能性随着子代教育水平的提高而增加。调整了农村老年人特征变量后,关联仍具有统计学意义,进一步纳入代际支持变量,结果显示,不同子代教育水平对认知功能轨迹的影响仍然显著,但影响力降低,说明代际支持可能在子代教育对农村老年人认知功能发展轨迹的影响中发挥中介作用。
为确保在相同的尺度上测量中介效应大小,本研究采用KHB模型进行中介效应分析。同时由于测量模型系数大小的难以解释性,本研究使用混杂比和混杂百分比来解释各中介变量的解释力度,见表4。结果显示,与低下降组相比,其他两组的代际支持变量在不同子代教育水平和农村老年人认知功能轨迹的关系中呈现显著的中介作用。
由于上述中介变量之间可能存在相关性,为了量化并比较各个中介变量对农村老年人认知功能轨迹影响的大小,本研究进一步使用KHB模型进行检验[11,14],见表5。结果显示,与低下降组相比,中下降组和高稳定组与子代最高教育水平为小学及以下的农村老年人相比,代际支持在子代最高教育水平为初中对农村老年人认知功能轨迹的影响中经济支持和照料支持占较高比重,而子代最高教育水平为高中和大专及以上则是经济支持和情感支持占较高比重。
考虑到子代的教育水平可能在家庭中存在差异,本研究选取家庭子代“最低受教育程度”替换“最高受教育程度”[15]进行稳健性检验,见表6,得出的结果与子代最高教育水平类似:与低下降组相比,农村老年人归属于中下降组和高下降组的可能性随着子代教育水平的提高而增加,本研究后续也检验了代际支持的中介效应结果,得到的结果与前文基本一致,限于篇幅限制未展示。上述检验表明,本研究结果具有稳健性。
本研究基于跨越18年的七期专项追踪调查数据,通过组基轨迹模型揭示了农村老年人认知功能发展轨迹的异质性[16],识别出“低下降组”、“中下降组”、“高稳定组”三个亚组。通过对不同认知功能轨迹组基线特征的比较可以发现,各认知功能轨迹组的研究对象与控制变量和中介变量之间存在差异,且差异均具有统计学意义。
本研究发现,不同子代最高教育水平对农村老年人认知功能发展轨迹有显著影响。具体而言,子代最高教育水平较高的农村老年人更有可能被归类为认知功能下降较慢的“中下降组”,以及认知功能相对稳定的“高稳定组”,且在每个组中,农村老年人认知功能轨迹归属的可能性随着子代教育水平的提高而增加,稳健性检验也支持了上述结论。子代教育水平的提升对于农村老年人群体构成了一种认知功能保护性因素。教育成就较高的子代可能为农村老年人提供了更为丰富的社会心理支持和健康相关信息[17-18],进而有助于老年人抵御认知衰退的风险,维持其认知功能的相对稳定。
本研究发现,代际支持是子代教育影响农村老年人认知功能轨迹的重要解释机制,且代际支持对农村老年人认知功能的影响呈现出需求依赖性的特点。首先,对于所有轨迹组中无论其子代的教育水平高低,经济支持在维持农村老年人认知健康方面始终发挥着至关重要的作用。农村缺乏正式的养老体系,子代提供的经济支持是农村老年人在丧失劳动能力之后所赖以生存的经济基础[19],同时,按照中国传统养老文化,农村老年人获得高教育子代所提供的经济赡养体现了老人教子有方,实现了老人“养儿防老”的夙愿,提升了老人的生活掌控感和社会交换感,从而减缓其认知功能的衰退。其次,在不同教育水平的子代中,情感支持对农村老年人认知功能的影响呈现出一定的层次性。当子代最高教育水平为高中时,情感支持对农村老年人认知功能的积极作用最为显著。最高教育水平为高中的子代更可能留在本地,与农村老年人保持日常的面对面交流,从而提供了更直接的情感联系和支持。此外,他们可能更倾向于维护传统的家庭价值观和角色,因而更自觉地承担起照顾农村老年人的责任。而最高教育水平为大专及以上的子代,地理距离的原因使得农村老年人一般对其“报喜不报忧”,也无意中减少了农村老年人接收到的情感支持,再次,在农村老年人不同认知轨迹组中,照料支持在子代低教育水平发挥的作用比较显著。低教育子代更有可能居住在老年父母附近,有子女居家悉心照料的农村老年人的生活质量和保障程度更高,幸福感更强。而对于高教育子代而言,年轻一代可能会迁移至其他地区以寻求更广阔的职业机会,渐行渐远的代际居住距离弱化甚至外化了日常照料功能[20]
本研究也具有一定局限性:其一,本研究因数据和研究目的局限,未探讨农村老年人的其他家庭成员对其认知功能的影响及结果的差异。未来研究可系统研究多个家庭成员的受教育程度对农村老年人认知功能的影响;其二,本研究数据来自于安徽巢湖的农村地区,虽然该地区文化背景与我国以汉族为主的绝大部分地区相似,但是调查样本是否在其他地区具有代表性尚待进一步验证。
综上所述,农村老年人认知功能轨迹存在明显的异质性,并且子代教育成就与认知功能轨迹联系密切,代际支持在其中发挥重要作用,因此,在研究老年人认知功能情况时,应精准识别其所属轨迹亚组,同时关注子代教育和代际支持相关因素对认知功能轨迹的影响,从而有效改善老年人认知功能状况,提高老年群体的养老福祉,激发老龄群体的社会活力。
  • 国家社会科学基金项目(21ARK005)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
郑舒文.失能老年人的家庭养老图景与政策选择[J].社会保障评论20248(3):108-126.
Zheng SW. Family support patterns for disabled elderly and policy implications[J]. Chinese Social Security Review, 2024, 8(3): 108-126.(In Chinese)
[2]
汪洋,陈功,吴振东.子女教育影响老年父母健康的机制及其异质性[J].西北人口202243(1):64-75.
Wang Y, Chen G, Wu ZD. Research on the mechanism and heterogeneous effects of adult children’s education on the health of older parents inChina[J]. Northwest Population Journal, 2022, 43(1): 64-75.(In Chinese)
[3]
陆杰华,林嘉琪.中国人口新国情的特征、影响及应对方略——基于“七普”数据分析[J].中国特色社会主义研究2021(3):57-67.
Lu JH, Lin JQ. Impact and responding principals ofChina’s new conditions of population:based on analysis of data of the seventh National census[J]. Studies on Socialism With Chinese Characteristics, 2021(3): 57-67.(In Chinese)
[4]
Ferraro OE, Guaita A, Villani S. Cognitive, physical and disability trajectories in community-dwelling elderly people[J]. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 2021, 33(10): 2671-2677.
[5]
Gojnic M, Todorovic J, Stanisavljevic D, et al. Maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women with diabetes[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, 19(6): 3684.
[6]
胡依,闵淑慧,郭芮绮,等.基于组基轨迹建模的中国老年人抑郁症状发展轨迹研究[J].现代预防医学202249(4):695-699.
Hu Y, Min SH, Guo RQ, et al. Trajectories of depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults:based on group-based trajectory model[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2022, 49(4): 695-699.(In Chinese)
[7]
Ma MM. Does children’s education matter for parents’ health and cognition?Evidence from China[J].Journal of Health Economics, 2019,66:222-240.
[8]
王萍,张楠,尚锦云,等.年龄视角下家庭结构转变对农村老人代际支持的影响[J].南方人口202439(1):18-32.
Wang P, Zhang N, Shang JY, et al. Influence of family structural transformation on the inter-generational support of rural elderlyfrom the perspective of age[J].South China Population, 2024, 39(1): 18-32.(In Chinese)
[9]
陈孝群,华中生,朱晓莉.我国家庭子女结构与老年人生活质量的关系分析[J].信息与管理研究20216(Z1):1-12.
Chen XQ, Hua ZS, Zhu XL. Analysis on the relationship between the family children structure and the quality of life of the elderly inChina[J]. Journal of Information and Management, 2021, 6(Z1): 1-12.(In Chinese)
[10]
崔鑫妍,王琳,于爱华,等.不同性别子代教育对农村老年人健康的影响-基于中介效应和干预效应的差异分析[J].南方人口202237(3):13-26.
Cui XY, Wang L, Yu AH, et al. The gender effect of children’s education on the health of the elderly in rural areas:an analysis based on mediation effect and intervention effect[J].South China Population, 2022, 37(3): 13-26.(In Chinese)
[11]
秦慧,陈娜,卓力.社会参与对老年人抑郁轨迹的影响——基于生活质量的中介效应[J].现代预防医学202451(5):888-892, 898.
Qin H, Chen N, Zhuo L. The influence of social participation on the depression track of the elderly:mediating effect based on quality of life[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024, 51(5): 888-892, 898.(In Chinese)
[12]
Qiu Y, Cong Z, Wang XX, et al. Potential factors associated with resilience among older adults in rural China: a multilevel analysis[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2023, 23(1): 844.
[13]
Muthén B, Muthén LK. Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analyses: growth mixture modeling with latent trajectory classes[J]. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 2000, 24(6): 882-891.
[14]
吴玉锋,张苗.金融知识、风险态度与个人养老金参与行为[J].西北大学学报:哲学社会科学版202454(3):148-159.
Wu YF, Zhang M. Financial knowledge,risk attitude and individual pension participation behavior[J]. Journal ofNorthwest University: Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition, 2024, 54(3): 148-159.(In Chinese)
[15]
杨克文,臧文斌,李光勤.子女教育对中老年父母健康的影响[J].人口学刊201941(5):72-90.
Yang KW, Zang WB, Li GQ. The impact of adult children’s education on the health of middle aged and elderly parents[J]. Population Journal, 2019, 41(5): 72-90.(In Chinese)
[16]
崔军红,任江艳,史淑芳,等.我国中老年人参与社交活动对认知功能变化轨迹的影响:一项随访8年的队列研究[J].现代预防医学202350(14):2620-2626.
Cui JH, Ren JY, Shi SF, et al. Associations between social activities and cognitive trajectories in Chinese middle-aged and older adults:an eight-year follow-up study[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2023, 50(14): 2620-2626.(In Chinese)
[17]
孙碧琳,杨克,文长存.子女教育对农村老年人心理健康的影响-基于子女性别差异视角[J].湖北第二师范学院学报202340(5):49-53.
Sun BL, Yang K, Wen CC. The effect of children’s education on older parents’mental health in ruralChina-From the perspective of children’s gender difference[J]. Journal of Hubei University of Education, 2023, 40(5): 49-53.(In Chinese)
[18]
赵锋.子女教育对父母晚年幸福感的影响:结构效应与异质性分析[J].甘肃社会科学2022,(5):140-149.
Zhao F. The influence of children’s education on parents’happiness in their later years:structural effect and heterogeneity analysis[J].Gansu Social Sciences, 2022, (5): 140-149.(In Chinese)
[19]
王晟昱,郝晶晶.成年子女代际支持对城市老年人多维贫困的影响——基于CFPS2018的实证研究[J].决策科学2024,(1):55-66.
Wang SY, Hao JJ. The influence of intergenerational support of adult children on multidimensional poverty of urban elderly[J]. Decision Science, 2024, (1): 55-66.(In Chinese)
[20]
沈凯俊,周祥,王雪辉,等.老年人的家庭禀赋对其居住安排的影响及其机制分析[J].人口与经济2023,(2):94-110.
Shen KJ, Zhou X, Wang XH, et al. Influence and mechanism of older adults’household endowments on their living arrangements[J]. Population & Economics, 2023, (2): 94-110.(In Chinese)
2024年第51卷第18期
PDF下载
51
21
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500
  • 接收时间:2024-05-31
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-09-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-31
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(21ARK005)
作者信息
    1.西安科技大学老龄社会发展研究所,陕西 西安 710054
    2.西安科技大学管理学院
    3.西安科技大学马克思主义学院

通讯作者:

仵晨,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202405500
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏