Article(id=1241676524072530327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241676522256388920, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406220, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1718208000000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773968352570, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1731168000000, pubDateStr=2024-11-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773968352570, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773968352570, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773968352570, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241676522256388920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='21', pageStart='3841', pageEnd='4032', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773968352140, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773968629818, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241677686985249701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241676522256388920, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241677686985249702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241676522256388920, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3841, endPage=3848, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241676524429046169, articleId=1241676524072530327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Bayesian network meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of dengue vaccines, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of five live attenuated dengue vaccines and one inactivated dengue vaccine using Bayesian network meta-analysis, providing a scientific basis for dengue epidemic prevention and control as well as vaccine development.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in various Chinese and English databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan fang Database, based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and safety of six dengue vaccines were selected. The quality of the literature was evaluated using RevMan 5.4 software, and Bayesian network meta-analysis of relevant outcome indicators from the included RCTs was performed using R 4.3.1 software.

Results

A total of 20 studies involving 120 909 participants were included. The results of the Bayesian network meta-analysis indicated that the efficacy of three live attenuated vaccines was notable and the ranking from highest to lowest efficacy was as follows: Butantan-DV > TAK-003 > CYD-TDV. Among these, the dengue vaccine combining serotype 4 non-structural genes and serotype 2 structural genes (Butantan-DV) showed the best preventive effect, with a risk probability of dengue infection post-vaccination lower than that of other vaccines (OR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.09-0.45). In terms of safety, the six vaccines showed varying risks of adverse events and ranked as follows: V180 > CYD-TDV > TV003 > TV005 > Butantan-DV > TAK-003. Notably, the inactivated vaccine (V180) presented a higher risk of adverse events (OR=2.28, 95%CI: 1.02-5.15).

Conclusion

Based on the quantity and quality of the included studies, Butantan-DV exhibited the best efficacy among the three live attenuated vaccines, while CYD-TDV demonstrated the weakest efficacy. TAK-003 showed relatively better safety. The literature on the efficacy of the V180,TV003, and TV005 vaccines is quite limited, suggesting potential directions for future research.

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目的

运用贝叶斯网状荟萃(meta)分析评价五种登革热减毒活疫苗与一种登革热灭活疫苗的有效性和安全性,为登革热疫情防控和疫苗研发提供科学依据。

方法

基于PubMed、Cochrane Library 、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库等中英文数据库,根据纳入标准与排除标准进行系统检索,筛选六种登革热疫苗的有效性与安全性的随机对照实验(randomized controlled trials,RCTs)。使用RevMan5.4软件进行文献质量评价,R 4.3.1软件对符合纳入和排除标准的RCTs相关结局指标进行贝叶斯网状meta分析。

结果

共纳入20篇文献,120 909例试验对象。贝叶斯网状meta分析结果显示:三种减毒活疫苗有效性能的作用显著,有效性能高低依次为:Butantan-DV>TAK-003>CYD-TDV,其中结合血清4型非结构基因和血清2型结构基因的登革热疫苗(Butantan-DV)预防效果最佳,注射后患有登革热的风险概率小于注射其他疫苗(OR=0.22,95%CI:0.09~0.45);安全性上纳入六种疫苗,累积发生不良事件的风险概率依次为:V180>CYD-TDV>TV003>TV005>Butantan-DV>TAK-003。其中灭活疫苗(V180)发生不良事件风险较大(OR=2.28,95%CI:1.02~5.15)。

结论

基于本文纳入研究数量和质量基础,三种减毒活疫苗中有效性Butantan-DV最优、CYD-TDV最弱,安全性TAK-003相对较好。V180、TV003、TV005疫苗有效性实验的文献十分少见,可作为未来研究方向之一。

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龙江,E-mail:
赵金华,E-mail:
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龙江与赵金华为共同通信作者

姜雨淇(2001-),女,硕士在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

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姜雨淇(2001-),女,硕士在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

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姜雨淇(2001-),女,硕士在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

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Writing and reporting of network meta-analysis[J]. 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注:A偏倚风险条形图;B偏倚风险总图。

, figureFileSmall=HjlLRnCImGWF0NfCVLye6A==, figureFileBig=fH8+sjMxsVMNiGE3sQjgSQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821877413412892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Network diagram of vaccine efficacy and safety analysis, figureFileSmall=522VHh5Le733lLKKmc6z5g==, figureFileBig=jmF6GA80mZNjN8yd7fcEuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821877526659103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=CN, label=图3, caption=疫苗有效性和安全性分析网状关系图

注:Placebo安慰剂;图A为三种疫苗有效性网状关系图;图B为六种疫苗安全性网状关系图。

, figureFileSmall=522VHh5Le733lLKKmc6z5g==, figureFileBig=jmF6GA80mZNjN8yd7fcEuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821877618933796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Ranking chart of effectiveness probabilities of three types of vaccines after vaccination, figureFileSmall=9eMmEByTKQy+c69+D4lpxQ==, figureFileBig=gpPfr6NP3Bmx1AunQSeRmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821877740568612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=CN, label=图4, caption=三种疫苗接种后有效性概率排序图, figureFileSmall=9eMmEByTKQy+c69+D4lpxQ==, figureFileBig=gpPfr6NP3Bmx1AunQSeRmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821877858009129, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=EN, label=Figure 5, caption=Ranking of safety probability of six vaccines after vaccination, figureFileSmall=YMhNhEsF41xnJcXgIdpPjA==, figureFileBig=5Xys6MbAVEryrKw6yBFszQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821879401513005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=CN, label=图5, caption=六种疫苗接种后安全性概率排序图, figureFileSmall=YMhNhEsF41xnJcXgIdpPjA==, figureFileBig=5Xys6MbAVEryrKw6yBFszQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821879581868079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=EN, label=Figure 6, caption=Fitting effect of consistency model and inconsistency model, figureFileSmall=bkK34IGiKeIU+tQAt2Owzw==, figureFileBig=rE3BgR/E3vd3F+MljWnTUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821879669948466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=CN, label=图6, caption=一致性模型与非一致性模型拟合效果

注:图A有效性模型选择结果;图B安全性模型选择结果;leverageik杠杆率;Wik贝叶斯偏差残差;pD参数的有效数量;Dres总残差偏差。

, figureFileSmall=bkK34IGiKeIU+tQAt2Owzw==, figureFileBig=rE3BgR/E3vd3F+MljWnTUg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821879766417460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=EN, label=Figure 7, caption=Trajectory density map, figureFileSmall=2astWy/nFD9mu9A+51QPzw==, figureFileBig=0wxKy1O1NKwo7IPwaWuF9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821879883857975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=CN, label=图7, caption=轨迹密度图, figureFileSmall=2astWy/nFD9mu9A+51QPzw==, figureFileBig=0wxKy1O1NKwo7IPwaWuF9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821880005492793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=EN, label=Figure 8, caption=Comparison-calibration funnel chart, figureFileSmall=gdqUlMIfEOYfftYYd/hD2Q==, figureFileBig=ScLLc+NBszMbLlum2cU/wg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821880101961786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=CN, label=图8, caption=比较-校正漏斗图

注:图A为有效性校正漏斗图;图B为安全性校正漏斗图。

, figureFileSmall=gdqUlMIfEOYfftYYd/hD2Q==, figureFileBig=ScLLc+NBszMbLlum2cU/wg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241821880181653564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic information of twenty articles included in the research

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
第一作者及发表年份
(年)
研究范围年龄(岁)样本量干预措施周期
TCTCTC
Tricou 2024[5]南美洲和东南亚9.6±3.49.6±3.313 3806 687TAK-003P4.5 年
Kallás 2024[6]巴西11(5~31)14(6~36)10 2575 976Butantan - DVP28 d
Tricou 2023[7]美国42.2±11.942.8±11.712463TAK-003P270 d
Patel 2022[8]东南亚和西太平洋11.4±8.410.3±5.714 6237 163TAK-003P3 月
Russell 2022[9]美国3534.78040TV003P1 年
34.980TV005
Durbin 2020[10]美国34.1±8.434.5±10.184V180P180 d
Reynales 2020[11]哥伦比亚9~169~166 4953 245CYD-TDVP25 月
Park 2020[12]新加坡21.4±1121.1±9.37528CYD-TDVP5~6 年
Coronel 2019[13]哥伦比亚和菲律宾15.3~23.815.3~23.818764CYD-TDVP7 月
Manoff 2018[14]澳大利亚27(18~48)27(18~48)1818V180P28 d
Plennevaux 2018[15]亚洲和拉丁美洲2~162~166 8483 424CYD-TDVP12 月
Sáez 2018[16]菲律宾7.3±4.07.0±4.0200198CYD-TDVP18 月
Fezzazi 2017[17]东南亚和拉丁美洲9.6±3.710.5±3.317 2308 596CYD-TDVP25 月
Dubey 2016[18]印度29.5 ± 7.229.6 ± 6.412861CYD-TDVP3 月
Torresi 2015[19]澳大利亚39.4±13.339.7±13.516357CYD-TDVP2 年
Capeding 2014[20]亚太地区8.8±3.48.8±3.46 8513 424CYD-TDVP3 月
Hss 2013[21]马来西亚6.4±2.86.5±3.019951CYD-TDVP2 年
Villar 2013[22]拉丁美洲9~169~16401199CYD-TDVP28 d
Lanata 2012[23]秘鲁北部2~112~1119999CYD-TDVP1 年
Sabchareon 2012[24]泰国8.2±2.08.23±2.12 6691 333CYD-TDVP25 月
), ArticleFig(id=1241821882144587838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

20篇文献纳入研究基本信息情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
第一作者及发表年份
(年)
研究范围年龄(岁)样本量干预措施周期
TCTCTC
Tricou 2024[5]南美洲和东南亚9.6±3.49.6±3.313 3806 687TAK-003P4.5 年
Kallás 2024[6]巴西11(5~31)14(6~36)10 2575 976Butantan - DVP28 d
Tricou 2023[7]美国42.2±11.942.8±11.712463TAK-003P270 d
Patel 2022[8]东南亚和西太平洋11.4±8.410.3±5.714 6237 163TAK-003P3 月
Russell 2022[9]美国3534.78040TV003P1 年
34.980TV005
Durbin 2020[10]美国34.1±8.434.5±10.184V180P180 d
Reynales 2020[11]哥伦比亚9~169~166 4953 245CYD-TDVP25 月
Park 2020[12]新加坡21.4±1121.1±9.37528CYD-TDVP5~6 年
Coronel 2019[13]哥伦比亚和菲律宾15.3~23.815.3~23.818764CYD-TDVP7 月
Manoff 2018[14]澳大利亚27(18~48)27(18~48)1818V180P28 d
Plennevaux 2018[15]亚洲和拉丁美洲2~162~166 8483 424CYD-TDVP12 月
Sáez 2018[16]菲律宾7.3±4.07.0±4.0200198CYD-TDVP18 月
Fezzazi 2017[17]东南亚和拉丁美洲9.6±3.710.5±3.317 2308 596CYD-TDVP25 月
Dubey 2016[18]印度29.5 ± 7.229.6 ± 6.412861CYD-TDVP3 月
Torresi 2015[19]澳大利亚39.4±13.339.7±13.516357CYD-TDVP2 年
Capeding 2014[20]亚太地区8.8±3.48.8±3.46 8513 424CYD-TDVP3 月
Hss 2013[21]马来西亚6.4±2.86.5±3.019951CYD-TDVP2 年
Villar 2013[22]拉丁美洲9~169~16401199CYD-TDVP28 d
Lanata 2012[23]秘鲁北部2~112~1119999CYD-TDVP1 年
Sabchareon 2012[24]泰国8.2±2.08.23±2.12 6691 333CYD-TDVP25 月
), ArticleFig(id=1241821882266222657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Meta analysis of the probability of dengue fever in the population after vaccination [OR(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
OR值(95%CI)PlaceboButantan-DVCYD-TDVTAK-003
Placebo
Butantan-DV0.22
(0.09~0.45)*
CYD-TDV0.412.23
(0.29~0.55)*(0.84~4.86)
TAK-0030.221.220.57
(0.09~0.38)*(0.32~2.74)(0.21~1.00)*
), ArticleFig(id=1241821882358497347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

接种后人群患有登革热概率网状meta分析结果[OR(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
OR值(95%CI)PlaceboButantan-DVCYD-TDVTAK-003
Placebo
Butantan-DV0.22
(0.09~0.45)*
CYD-TDV0.412.23
(0.29~0.55)*(0.84~4.86)
TAK-0030.221.220.57
(0.09~0.38)*(0.32~2.74)(0.21~1.00)*
), ArticleFig(id=1241821883910389830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Network meta-analysis results of adverse events in the population after vaccination [OR(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
OR值(95%CI)PlaceboButantan-DVCYD-TDVTAK-003TV003TV005V180
Placebo
Butantan-DV1.23(0.56~2.38)
CYD-TDV1.45(1.05~2.04)*1.34(0.57~2.80)
TAK-0031.07(0.68~1.62)0.99(0.39~2.10)0.76(0.41~1.23)
TV0031.42(0.61~2.82)1.31(0.40~3.24)1.00(0.39~2.06)1.39(0.52~3.01)
TV0051.37(0.60~2.73)1.27(0.39~3.13)0.97(0.38~1.09)1.35(0.51~2.93)1.04(0.47~2.02)
V1802.48(1.02~5.15)*2.28(0.65~5.67)1.75(0.65~0.38)2.43(0.86~5.42)2.02(0.56~5.10)2.08(0.57~5.26)
), ArticleFig(id=1241821884040413257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241676524072530327, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

接种后人群出现不良事件网状meta分析结果[OR(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
OR值(95%CI)PlaceboButantan-DVCYD-TDVTAK-003TV003TV005V180
Placebo
Butantan-DV1.23(0.56~2.38)
CYD-TDV1.45(1.05~2.04)*1.34(0.57~2.80)
TAK-0031.07(0.68~1.62)0.99(0.39~2.10)0.76(0.41~1.23)
TV0031.42(0.61~2.82)1.31(0.40~3.24)1.00(0.39~2.06)1.39(0.52~3.01)
TV0051.37(0.60~2.73)1.27(0.39~3.13)0.97(0.38~1.09)1.35(0.51~2.93)1.04(0.47~2.02)
V1802.48(1.02~5.15)*2.28(0.65~5.67)1.75(0.65~0.38)2.43(0.86~5.42)2.02(0.56~5.10)2.08(0.57~5.26)
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登革热疫苗有效性及安全性的贝叶斯网状荟萃分析
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姜雨淇 1 , 赵金华 1, 2, 3 , 龙江 4 , 林英姿 3 , 殷大鹏 3 , 罗会明 3 , 靳妍 3 , 金玉明 3 , 邓萍 1 , 覃胜林 1
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024,51(21): 3841-3848
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现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024, 51(21): 3841-3848
登革热疫苗有效性及安全性的贝叶斯网状荟萃分析
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姜雨淇1, 赵金华1, 2, 3 , 龙江4 , 林英姿3, 殷大鹏3, 罗会明3, 靳妍3, 金玉明3, 邓萍1, 覃胜林1
作者信息
  • 1.青海大学医学院,青海 西宁 810000
  • 2.青海省疾病预防控制中心,青海 西宁 810007
  • 3.海南省疾病预防控制中心,海南 海口 571129
  • 4.重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆 400700
  • 姜雨淇(2001-),女,硕士在读,研究方向:流行病与卫生统计学

通讯作者:

龙江,E-mail:
赵金华,E-mail:
Bayesian network meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of dengue vaccines
Yu-qi JIANG1, Jin-hua ZHAO1, 2, 3 , Jiang LONG4 , Ying-zi LIN3, Da-peng YIN3, Hui-ming LUO3, Yan JIN3, Yu-ming JIN3, Ping DENG1, Sheng-lin QIN1
Affiliations
  • Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, Qinghai 810000, China
出版时间: 2024-11-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406220
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目的

运用贝叶斯网状荟萃(meta)分析评价五种登革热减毒活疫苗与一种登革热灭活疫苗的有效性和安全性,为登革热疫情防控和疫苗研发提供科学依据。

方法

基于PubMed、Cochrane Library 、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库等中英文数据库,根据纳入标准与排除标准进行系统检索,筛选六种登革热疫苗的有效性与安全性的随机对照实验(randomized controlled trials,RCTs)。使用RevMan5.4软件进行文献质量评价,R 4.3.1软件对符合纳入和排除标准的RCTs相关结局指标进行贝叶斯网状meta分析。

结果

共纳入20篇文献,120 909例试验对象。贝叶斯网状meta分析结果显示:三种减毒活疫苗有效性能的作用显著,有效性能高低依次为:Butantan-DV>TAK-003>CYD-TDV,其中结合血清4型非结构基因和血清2型结构基因的登革热疫苗(Butantan-DV)预防效果最佳,注射后患有登革热的风险概率小于注射其他疫苗(OR=0.22,95%CI:0.09~0.45);安全性上纳入六种疫苗,累积发生不良事件的风险概率依次为:V180>CYD-TDV>TV003>TV005>Butantan-DV>TAK-003。其中灭活疫苗(V180)发生不良事件风险较大(OR=2.28,95%CI:1.02~5.15)。

结论

基于本文纳入研究数量和质量基础,三种减毒活疫苗中有效性Butantan-DV最优、CYD-TDV最弱,安全性TAK-003相对较好。V180、TV003、TV005疫苗有效性实验的文献十分少见,可作为未来研究方向之一。

登革热疫苗  /  有效性  /  安全性  /  贝叶斯网状Meta分析  /  减毒活疫苗
Objective

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of five live attenuated dengue vaccines and one inactivated dengue vaccine using Bayesian network meta-analysis, providing a scientific basis for dengue epidemic prevention and control as well as vaccine development.

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in various Chinese and English databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wan fang Database, based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and safety of six dengue vaccines were selected. The quality of the literature was evaluated using RevMan 5.4 software, and Bayesian network meta-analysis of relevant outcome indicators from the included RCTs was performed using R 4.3.1 software.

Results

A total of 20 studies involving 120 909 participants were included. The results of the Bayesian network meta-analysis indicated that the efficacy of three live attenuated vaccines was notable and the ranking from highest to lowest efficacy was as follows: Butantan-DV > TAK-003 > CYD-TDV. Among these, the dengue vaccine combining serotype 4 non-structural genes and serotype 2 structural genes (Butantan-DV) showed the best preventive effect, with a risk probability of dengue infection post-vaccination lower than that of other vaccines (OR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.09-0.45). In terms of safety, the six vaccines showed varying risks of adverse events and ranked as follows: V180 > CYD-TDV > TV003 > TV005 > Butantan-DV > TAK-003. Notably, the inactivated vaccine (V180) presented a higher risk of adverse events (OR=2.28, 95%CI: 1.02-5.15).

Conclusion

Based on the quantity and quality of the included studies, Butantan-DV exhibited the best efficacy among the three live attenuated vaccines, while CYD-TDV demonstrated the weakest efficacy. TAK-003 showed relatively better safety. The literature on the efficacy of the V180,TV003, and TV005 vaccines is quite limited, suggesting potential directions for future research.

Dengue vaccine  /  Efficacy  /  Safety  /  Bayesian network meta-analysis  /  Live attenuated vaccine
姜雨淇, 赵金华, 龙江, 林英姿, 殷大鹏, 罗会明, 靳妍, 金玉明, 邓萍, 覃胜林. 登革热疫苗有效性及安全性的贝叶斯网状荟萃分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (21) : 3841 -3848 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406220
Yu-qi JIANG, Jin-hua ZHAO, Jiang LONG, Ying-zi LIN, Da-peng YIN, Hui-ming LUO, Yan JIN, Yu-ming JIN, Ping DENG, Sheng-lin QIN. Bayesian network meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of dengue vaccines[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (21) : 3841 -3848 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406220
登革热(dengue fever)是由登革病毒引起的急性传染病,通过携带病毒的埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊等优势蚊种传播给孕妇等易感人群,如今已在100多个国家流行[1-2] 。2023年10月2日,全球记录登革热的患病人数超过420万例,3 000多人死亡,登革热防控问题更为突出[3]。目前国内登革热多发生在海南、云南、广东、福建、广西等省份,传播范围广。快速的城镇化、经济全球化、气候的极端性和不明疾病的挑战,都为登革热的防治带来极大的挑战。
疫苗接种是减轻全球登革热疾病负担的必要手段,但开发安全且高效的登革热疫苗却充满了困难[4]。目前正在临床试验阶段的登革热疫苗主要有6种,分别为嵌合黄热病毒和登革热病毒的疫苗(CYD-TDV)、将血清型2非结构基因与血清型1,3,4结构基因进行重组的疫苗(TAK-003)、将血清型4非结构基因和血清型2结构基因重组的疫苗(TV003、TV005、Butantan-DV)以及2012年启动临床实验的登革热灭活疫苗(V180,需要配合佐剂使用从而产生免疫效果)。除V180外的5种疫苗均为四价减毒活疫苗。目前全球对登革热疫苗的meta分析较少,本文对国内外的相关文献进行贝叶斯网状meta分析,比较减毒活疫苗和灭活疫苗的效果和安全性,为国内登革热疾病的防治和疫苗的研发提供基础数据。
本团队已在国际前瞻性系统评价注册数据库(International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews,PROSPERO)中进行注册,注册号为CRD42024553900。
检索的数据库包括PubMed、Cochrane Library 、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库。按照时效性原则检索2004年6月15日—2024年6月15日的文献。英文检索词为“dengue vaccines”“Tetravalent Dengue Vaccine”“Dengvaxia”“CYD-TDV”“TAK-003”“TV003”“TV005”“Butantan-DV”“validity”“safety”“randomized controlled trial”;中文检索词为“登革热”“疫苗”“随机对照研究”“有效性”“安全性”。
纳入标准:(1)2004年6月15日—2024年6月15日国内外发表的随机对照实验,语言为中文和英文;(2)试验对象为登革热患病潜在风险人群;(3)病例及对照来源明确。排除标准:(1)来源为评论、系统性评价、综述、动物研究、个案报道类文献;(2)无法获取全文的文献;(3)重复发表或数据重复的文献,以最近发表的文献为准;(4)可行度过低、存在严重偏倚的文献;(5)无相关数据、数据无法提取或存在明显错误的文献。
按主题词或自由词检索文献,检索结果通过Endnote X9软件进行自动去重,再由两位研究者按照PICOS原则(临床研究指导原则)以及运用偏倚风险评估工具,分别独立筛选文献,出现分歧则由第三位研究者共同讨论。提取资料包括第一作者、发表年份、年龄、地区、结局指标等。
采用Microsoft Excel 2019软件建立数据库,R 4.3.1软件运用贝叶斯模型,network组命令进行数据预处理并绘制网络证据图,图中直线越粗越说明直接比较的研究越多。采用4条马尔科夫链进行建模,退火次数为20 000次,迭代次数为100 000次。结局指标均为二分类变量,效应量用比值比(OR)表示,并采用95%可信区间(CI)表示统计分析效果。
通过偏差信息准则(deviance information criteria,DIC)比较一致性模型和不一致性模型对全局的拟合程度,从而评估全局的不一致性。并采用潜在尺度减少因子(potential scale reduced factor,PSRF)判断迭代效果的收敛性,当PSRF接近或等于1时,表示收敛性能较好,用该模型分析结果可靠性高。
本文将利用轨迹图和密度图判断模型的收敛程度,当轨迹图表现为不同马尔科夫链相互重叠,且密度图为正态分布时,即可认为该模型的收敛程度满意。并利用R软件BUGSnet包绘制Rank等级图,以此对各疫苗的效果进行排序,排名越高,提示该干预措施的效果越好。绘制比较-校正漏斗图以检测发表偏倚。
经过筛选、剔除,共获得文献836篇,经两人分别阅读标题、摘要后,获取文献58篇,进一步阅读全文后,最终有20篇符合纳入和排除标准的RCTs进入网状meta分析。其中涉及六种疫苗,分别为登革热减毒活疫苗(CYD-TDV、TAK-003 、TV003、TV005、Butantan-DV)和灭活疫苗(V180)。见图1表1
本研究采用Cochrane系统评价员手册5.2.0推荐的偏倚风险评估工具,对纳入文献的以下方面进行评价:随机序列的生成、分配隐藏方法、盲法、结局指标描述、结局指标完整性、报告偏倚和其他偏倚来源。最终对每个方面进行3个等级的评价,每项分为“低偏倚风险”“高风险偏倚”“不明风险偏倚”[25]。见图2
有效性分析,共10篇RCTs报告了研究人群在接种结束后患有登革热疾病的人数,以此来计算在注射登革热疫苗后依然患有疾病的风险。涉及四种干预措施,各干预措施之间效果差异的证据网络见图3,其中圆点的大小代表样本量的多少,线的粗细代表药物间研究的数量。采用BUGSnet包构建NMA模型,通过结果进行固定效应和随机效应的选择,结果显示,固定效应模型的DIC值为44.89,随机效应模型的DIC值为38.82,根据DIC最小原则,最终选择随机效应模型。
安全性分析方面,共14篇RCTs报告了在注射疫苗后在治疗结束后研究人员的不良反应,以此来计算在注射登革热疫苗后具有不良反应的风险的。涉及7种干预措施,各干预措施之间效果差异的证据网络图见图3。采用BUGSnet包构建NMA模型,通过结果进行固定效应和随机效应的选择,根据DIC最小原则,且根据网络证据图不为闭环,最终选择随机效应模型。
有效性分析纳入的三种疫苗均为登革热四价减毒活疫苗。网状meta分析结果显示,Butantan-DV(OR=0.22,95%CI:0.09~0.45)、CYD-TDV(OR=0.41,95%CI:0.29~0.55)、TAK-003(OR=0.22,95%CI:0.09~0.38)与安慰剂相比均可以明显的降低登革热发病风险,差异均具有统计学意义。其余结果显示,Butantan-DV、CYD-TDV、TAK-003各组之间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。登革热四价减毒活疫苗在疾病发病方面具有显著的预防效应。
进一步应用贝叶斯方法进行概率排序,根据接种疫苗后预防效果制作概率排序图,结果显示注射疫苗后仍然出现疾病的风险概率排序为:CYD-TDV>TAK-003>Butantan-DV。预防效果排序依次为:Butantan-DV>TAK-003>CYD-TDV。将血清型4非结构基因和血清型2结构基因重组的减毒活疫苗(Butantan-DV)预防效果最好。见图4表2
对注射疫苗后发生不良事件的概率分析,网状meta分析结果显示,相较于安慰剂,灭活疫苗V180(OR=2.48,95%CI:1.02~5.15)和CYD-TDV(OR=1.45,95%CI:1.05~2.04)的注射人群会发生明显的不良事件,其余疫苗比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05),不能确定其余疫苗注射后是否会发生不良事件。
进一步应用贝叶斯方法进行概率排序,根据接种疫苗后安全性制作概率排序图,结果显示最终注射疫苗后出现不良事件的风险概率排序为:V180>CYD-TDV>TV003>TV005>Butantan-DV>TAK-003。结果显示,注射V180后发生不良事件的风险概率最大。见图5表3
分别对两个结局指标进行不一致性检验后发现,其DIC绝对值相差为0.01与0.06,均在1之间,小于5,一致性模型与不一致性模型拟合一致,即不存在全局非一致性,说明其敏感性良好,数据较稳健。见图6
轨迹密度图可在迭代计算中表现MCMC(Markov Chain Monte Carlo)链的波动过程,用于诊断模型的收敛程度。通过计算Gelman-Rubin统计量可知,如果每个参数的潜在尺度因子(PSRF)接近于1,则认为每一条链收敛到同一分布,结果较好。以接种后患有登革热的风险的参数为例,当迭代次数达到100 000时,PSRF值分别为1.000 178、1.000180、1.000 317,sigma参数的PSRF值为1.001 081,多条MCMC链的PSRF总值为1.000 134,接近于1,表示模型收敛程度较好。Geweke统计量在0附近,表明MCMC链收敛到相同的分布,整体收敛程度满意,一致性模型分析的结果可靠。见图7
分别将结局指标绘制比较-校正漏斗图后发现,图中大部分散点在三角形上方呈对称分布,显示本研究存在发表偏倚的可能性较小,可信度较高。但仍有部分散点距离回归线较远,提示仍然需要重视小样本效应的影响。见图8
文献显示全球每年大概有3.9亿患者感染登革热病毒[26],临床上对登革热疫苗的长期试验由于样本量不一、质量有限,国内外关于登革热疫苗的系统评价仍然较少,方法也主要是普通的荟萃分析[27]
本研究运用贝叶斯模型,克服频率学派估计最大似然数时出现偏倚,在疫苗的有效性和安全性的排序上提供更准确的估计[28-31]。本研究纳入20项研究,涉及接种人群120 909名,根据DIC绝对值最小原则选择随机效应模型,具有较强的可信度。本文所纳文献样本包括非洲、美洲、东南亚、西太平洋等地区,研究范围广泛,涵盖主要登革热流行国家和区域,可以更好代表疫苗目标群体,获得更全面的临床试验结果,在国际层面上对登革热疫苗效用进行统计说明。
疫苗有效性方面,鉴于临床上的RCT较少,结果选取了三种疫苗(四价减毒活疫苗Butantan-DV、TAK-003、CYD-TDV)进行有效性分析,结果显示,三种疫苗都能有效预防登革热,有效性能依次为:Butantan-DV>TAK-003>CYD-TDV,其中Butantan-DV(血清型4非结构基因和血清型2结构基因进行重组疫苗)效果最好。
疫苗安全性方面发生不良事件的风险概率排序依次为:V180>CYD-TDV>TV003>TV005>Butantan-DV>TAK-003。其中灭活疫苗V180出现不良风险事件的概率风险最大,这可能是由于灭活疫苗需要多次接种,不同于既往对灭活疫苗在安全性的认知。
本研究局限性:(1)在疫苗的有效性方面,由于现有RCT的结局指标各不相同,本文选取疫苗接种后的发病人数作为分析,所纳入的疫苗种类较少,只纳入了三种登革热疫苗进行概率排序;(2)个别研究的质量较低,研究群体人数较少,存在一定的偏倚;(3)纳入的研究多为间接比较,缺乏有效性与安全性直接比较的证据;(4)部分指标的基线水平并不均衡,要谨慎解读本研究的结果。
综上所述,基于现有文献证据表明有效性可以首选将血清型4非结构基因和血清型2结构基因进行重组的减毒活疫苗(Butantan-DV),安全性方面减少疫苗发生不良事件首选将血清型2非结构基因与血清型1,3,4结构基因进行重组的减毒活疫苗(TAK-003)。建议在TAK-003安全性达到的同时,要对其有效性方面进行研发。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论还需进行更多高质量的研究深入论证。
  • 国家自然科学基金委员会项目(12371503)
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2024年第51卷第21期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406220
  • 接收时间:2024-06-13
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-11-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-13
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国家自然科学基金委员会项目(12371503)
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    1.青海大学医学院,青海 西宁 810000
    2.青海省疾病预防控制中心,青海 西宁 810007
    3.海南省疾病预防控制中心,海南 海口 571129
    4.重庆市疾病预防控制中心,重庆 400700

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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