Article(id=1241675637191135910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241675628051755031, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406405, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1719244800000, receivedDateStr=2024-06-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773968141123, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1732464000000, pubDateStr=2024-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773968141123, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773968141123, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773968141123, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241675628051755031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='22', pageStart='4033', pageEnd='4224', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773968138945, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773968595676, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241677543783322543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241675628051755031, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241677543783322544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241675628051755031, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4140, endPage=4146, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241675637568623295, articleId=1241675637191135910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Grey correlation analysis of influencing factors of prevention services expenditure, Guizhou, columnId=1228016567846367388, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Policy and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the influencing factors of preventive service cost in Guizhou Province from 2016 to 2022 by using grey correlation degree method.

Methods

Based on the accounting results of “SHA2011” and the data of “Guizhou Statistical Yearbook” and “Guizhou Health Statistical Yearbook”, the factors affecting the cost of preventive services in Guizhou from 2016 to 2022 were analyzed by using grey correlation method.

Results

The highest correlation with the cost of preventive services in Guizhou province was the number of health technicians in epidemic prevention and control and maternal and child health institutions (0.826), followed by the gross enrollment rate of higher education (0.735), the number of health technology beds in epidemic prevention and control and maternal and child health institutions (0.730). The lowest correlation was the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP (0.593).

Conclusion

Health resource input has the strongest correlation with the cost of preventive services. Health fund input and public health services are the main influencing factors of the cost of preventive services in Guizhou Province. At the same time, full attention should be paid to the influence of social factors such as economic development, education level, urbanization level and age structure on the cost of preventive services.

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目的

运用灰色关联度法分析贵州省2016—2022年预防服务费用影响因素。

方法

基于“SHA2011”贵州省预防服务费用核算结果,及《贵州统计年鉴》及《贵州卫生统计年鉴》数据,运用灰色关联度法,对贵州省2016—2022年预防服务费用影响因素进行分析。

结果

与贵州省预防服务费用关联度最高的是卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数(0.826),其次为高等教育毛入学率(0.735)、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数 (0.730);关联度最低的是第三产业占GDP比重(0.593)。

结论

卫生资源投入与预防服务费用关联性最强,卫生经费投入、公共卫生服务能力是贵州省预防服务费用的主要影响因素,同时应充分重视经济发展及受教育程度、城镇化水平、年龄结构等社会因素对预防服务费用的影响。

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陶婉菊,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=bLVrkMLJXjWHmqHhWP2D3w==, magXml=EAZO3K8CzFjDYOYz+oDw1g==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=v8g8CmfJN1AyvHz/blOuZg==, pdfFileSize=710704, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=5bHWcc2gPKsUMJxXRtetXQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

吕轶娟(1990—),女,高级会计师,硕士,研究方向:卫生经济学、财务管理

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吕轶娟(1990—),女,高级会计师,硕士,研究方向:卫生经济学、财务管理

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(In Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis on preventive expenditure in Hunan Province based on SHA2011 from 2016 to 2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241826548005802868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=34, issue=5, pageStart=41, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=28, authorNames=朱泉同, 彭翔, 高山, journalName=医学与社会, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱泉同,彭翔,高山.江苏省人均卫生费用关联度分析[J].医学与社会, 2021, 34(5): 41-44., articleTitle=江苏省人均卫生费用关联度分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241826548127437688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=34, issue=5, pageStart=41, pageEnd=44, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Zhu QT, Peng X, Gao S, journalName=Medicine and Society, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhu QT, Peng X, Gao S. Correlation analysis of per capita health expenditure in Jiangsu province[J]. Medicine and Society, 2021, 34(5): 41-44. 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Analysis of total health expenditure and its influencing factors in Hubei province from 2007 to 2021[J]. Medicine and Society, 2024, 37(4): 49-54. 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Chinese Health Economics, 2023, 42(6): 34-39. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The spatial and temporal characteristics and influencing factors of per capita health cost in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241826548790137752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=41, issue=7, pageStart=47, pageEnd=49, 59, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=34, authorNames=陈燕莹, 吴睿, 朱黎明, journalName=中国卫生经济, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈燕莹,吴睿,朱黎明,.知识溢出视角下的卫生资源配置空间聚集与卫生总费用影响因素研究[J].中国卫生经济, 2022, 41(7): 47-49, 59., articleTitle=知识溢出视角下的卫生资源配置空间聚集与卫生总费用影响因素研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241826548899189657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=41, issue=7, pageStart=47, pageEnd=49, 59, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Chen YY, Wu R, Zhu LM, journalName=Chinese Health Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen YY, Wu R, Zhu LM, et al. Study on the influencing factors of the spatial agglomeration of health resources allocation and total health expenditure from the perspective of knowledge spillover[J]. Chinese Health Economics, 2022, 41(7): 47-49, 59. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Study on the influencing factors of the spatial agglomeration of health resources allocation and total health expenditure from the perspective of knowledge spillover, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241826540749656703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, awardId=81560559, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(81560559), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241826542272189069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, awardId=黔科合支撑[2022]一般181, language=CN, fundingSource=贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]一般181), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241826542398018196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, awardId=筑科合同[2019]9-2-40号, language=CN, fundingSource=贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2019]9-2-40号), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241826542540624541, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=贵州省卫生健康委卫生费用核算项目, fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241826542649676453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, awardId=null, language=CN, fundingSource=贵州中医药大学第一附属医院项目, fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241826531123728494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241826531140505713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, companyId=1241826531123728494, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241826531153088626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, companyId=1241826531123728494, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州中医药大学第一附属医院,贵州 贵阳 550001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241826531278917756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241826531341832320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, companyId=1241826531278917756, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241826531522187398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241826531530576008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, companyId=1241826531522187398, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.贵州省第三人民医院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241826539050963467, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Index system of influencing factors of prevention services expenditure in Guizhou Province

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
符号维度指标单位
Y(j)预防服务费用亿元
X1(j)经济发展人均GDP
X2(j)第三产业占GDP比重%
X3(j)社会发展65岁及以上人口数占总人口比重%
X4(j)0~14岁人口数万人
X5(j)城镇人口比例%
X6(j)高等教育毛入学率%
X7(j)卫生资源每千人床位数
X8(j)每千人卫生技术人员数
X9(j)卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数
X10(j)卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数
X11(j)卫生服务诊疗人次万人次
X12(j)28种传染病报告发病人数
X13(j)已管理的2型糖尿病患者人数
X14(j)已管理的高血压患者人数
X15(j)卫生经费卫生健康支出亿元
X16(j)人均卫生费
), ArticleFig(id=1241826539281650196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

贵州省预防服务费用影响因素指标体系

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
符号维度指标单位
Y(j)预防服务费用亿元
X1(j)经济发展人均GDP
X2(j)第三产业占GDP比重%
X3(j)社会发展65岁及以上人口数占总人口比重%
X4(j)0~14岁人口数万人
X5(j)城镇人口比例%
X6(j)高等教育毛入学率%
X7(j)卫生资源每千人床位数
X8(j)每千人卫生技术人员数
X9(j)卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数
X10(j)卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数
X11(j)卫生服务诊疗人次万人次
X12(j)28种传染病报告发病人数
X13(j)已管理的2型糖尿病患者人数
X14(j)已管理的高血压患者人数
X15(j)卫生经费卫生健康支出亿元
X16(j)人均卫生费
), ArticleFig(id=1241826539420062241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Prevention services expenditure and influencing factors in Guizhou Province from 2016 to 2022

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Y(j)X1(j)X2(j)X3(j)X4(j)X5(j)X6(j)X7(j)X8(j)
201637.2033 2914510791443366
201746.7738 1374910863463476
201854.8942 7675011877483677
201964.2546 4335111902493877
202096.0546 2675112924534278
202193.2250 8085012905544688
2022100.5652 3215112889554888
年均增长率28.63%9.53%2.20%2.98%2.05%4.03%7.47%5.98%7.47%
年份X9(j)X10(j)X11(j)X12(j)X13(j)X14(j)X15(j)X16(j)
20167 32312 0424 96691 605650 8532 404 7423932 472
20178 30013 9396 39197 883613 6512 337 6394363 015
20188 43115 2107 07996 258583 5402 350 8064823 352
20198 61716 2857 668102 516579 5252 396 9465353 839
20209 16517 8387 19496 537662 1162 603 3665663 863
202110 51920 7388 31099 176696 6812 735 9675423 990
202211 19922 2118 405106 157729 9402 853 1175844 110
年均增长率8.82%14.07%11.54%2.65%2.03%3.11%8.11%11.04%
), ArticleFig(id=1241826539571057191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

贵州省2016—2022年预防服务费用及影响因素

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Y(j)X1(j)X2(j)X3(j)X4(j)X5(j)X6(j)X7(j)X8(j)
201637.2033 2914510791443366
201746.7738 1374910863463476
201854.8942 7675011877483677
201964.2546 4335111902493877
202096.0546 2675112924534278
202193.2250 8085012905544688
2022100.5652 3215112889554888
年均增长率28.63%9.53%2.20%2.98%2.05%4.03%7.47%5.98%7.47%
年份X9(j)X10(j)X11(j)X12(j)X13(j)X14(j)X15(j)X16(j)
20167 32312 0424 96691 605650 8532 404 7423932 472
20178 30013 9396 39197 883613 6512 337 6394363 015
20188 43115 2107 07996 258583 5402 350 8064823 352
20198 61716 2857 668102 516579 5252 396 9465353 839
20209 16517 8387 19496 537662 1162 603 3665663 863
202110 51920 7388 31099 176696 6812 735 9675423 990
202211 19922 2118 405106 157729 9402 853 1175844 110
年均增长率8.82%14.07%11.54%2.65%2.03%3.11%8.11%11.04%
), ArticleFig(id=1241826539747217973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results of data averaging

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Y’(j)X’1(j)X’2(j)X’3(j)X’4(j)X’5(j)X’6(j)X’7(j)X’8(j)
20160.530.750.900.920.900.890.840.840.80
20170.650.860.980.930.980.920.860.920.88
20180.790.971.010.971.000.950.910.970.95
20190.861.051.031.001.030.980.971.031.03
20201.381.041.031.031.051.071.051.011.05
20211.341.151.021.051.031.091.161.091.12
20221.451.181.021.091.011.101.211.141.16
年份X’9(j)X’10(j)X’11(j)X’12(j)X’13(j)X’14(j)X’15(j)X’16(j)
20160.810.710.700.931.010.950.780.70
20170.910.830.890.990.950.930.860.86
20180.930.900.990.980.900.930.950.95
20190.950.961.071.040.900.951.061.09
20201.011.061.010.981.031.031.121.10
20211.161.231.161.011.081.081.071.13
20221.231.311.181.081.131.131.161.17
), ArticleFig(id=1241826539902407233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

数据均值化结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Y’(j)X’1(j)X’2(j)X’3(j)X’4(j)X’5(j)X’6(j)X’7(j)X’8(j)
20160.530.750.900.920.900.890.840.840.80
20170.650.860.980.930.980.920.860.920.88
20180.790.971.010.971.000.950.910.970.95
20190.861.051.031.001.030.980.971.031.03
20201.381.041.031.031.051.071.051.011.05
20211.341.151.021.051.031.091.161.091.12
20221.451.181.021.091.011.101.211.141.16
年份X’9(j)X’10(j)X’11(j)X’12(j)X’13(j)X’14(j)X’15(j)X’16(j)
20160.810.710.700.931.010.950.780.70
20170.910.830.890.990.950.930.860.86
20180.930.900.990.980.900.930.950.95
20190.950.961.071.040.900.951.061.09
20201.011.061.010.981.031.031.121.10
20211.161.231.161.011.081.081.071.13
20221.231.311.181.081.131.131.161.17
), ArticleFig(id=1241826540045013579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Results of differenceseries

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Y’-X’1Y’-X’2Y’-X’3Y’-X’4Y’-X’5Y’-X’6Y’-X’7Y’-X’8
20160.220.370.390.370.350.300.300.27
20170.210.340.280.330.280.210.270.23
20180.170.220.180.210.160.120.170.16
20190.190.170.140.160.120.100.170.17
20200.340.350.350.330.310.330.370.33
20210.190.320.290.310.250.180.250.22
20220.270.420.360.440.350.240.310.28
年份Y’-X’9Y’-X’10Y’-X’11Y’-X’12Y’-X’13Y’-X’14Y’-X’15Y’-X’16
20160.270.180.160.400.480.420.240.17
20170.270.180.250.350.300.280.220.21
20180.140.110.200.190.110.140.160.16
20190.090.100.210.180.040.090.200.23
20200.370.330.370.400.360.350.260.28
20210.180.110.170.330.260.250.260.20
20220.210.130.270.370.320.320.290.28
), ArticleFig(id=1241826540158259796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

求差数列结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份Y’-X’1Y’-X’2Y’-X’3Y’-X’4Y’-X’5Y’-X’6Y’-X’7Y’-X’8
20160.220.370.390.370.350.300.300.27
20170.210.340.280.330.280.210.270.23
20180.170.220.180.210.160.120.170.16
20190.190.170.140.160.120.100.170.17
20200.340.350.350.330.310.330.370.33
20210.190.320.290.310.250.180.250.22
20220.270.420.360.440.350.240.310.28
年份Y’-X’9Y’-X’10Y’-X’11Y’-X’12Y’-X’13Y’-X’14Y’-X’15Y’-X’16
20160.270.180.160.400.480.420.240.17
20170.270.180.250.350.300.280.220.21
20180.140.110.200.190.110.140.160.16
20190.090.100.210.180.040.090.200.23
20200.370.330.370.400.360.350.260.28
20210.180.110.170.330.260.250.260.20
20220.210.130.270.370.320.320.290.28
), ArticleFig(id=1241826540321837666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Correlation degree and ranking of influencing factors of prevention services expenditure in Guizhou Province

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符号指标关联度关联序
Y预防服务费用
X1人均GDP0.6975
X2第三产业占GDP比重0.59316
X365岁及以上人口数占总人口比重(%)0.63113
X40~14岁人口数0.60214
X5城镇人口比例0.66311
X6高等教育毛入学率0.7352
X7每千人床位数(张)0.64812
X8每千人卫生技术人员数0.6829
X9卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数0.7303
X10卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数0.8261
X11诊疗人次(万人次)0.6907
X1228种传染病报告发病人数0.60015
X13已管理的2型糖尿病患者人数(人)0.7006
X14已管理的高血压患者人数(人)0.67310
X15卫生健康支出0.6838
X16人均卫生费(元)0.7074
), ArticleFig(id=1241826540514775664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675637191135910, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

贵州省预防服务费用影响因素关联度及排序

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
符号指标关联度关联序
Y预防服务费用
X1人均GDP0.6975
X2第三产业占GDP比重0.59316
X365岁及以上人口数占总人口比重(%)0.63113
X40~14岁人口数0.60214
X5城镇人口比例0.66311
X6高等教育毛入学率0.7352
X7每千人床位数(张)0.64812
X8每千人卫生技术人员数0.6829
X9卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数0.7303
X10卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数0.8261
X11诊疗人次(万人次)0.6907
X1228种传染病报告发病人数0.60015
X13已管理的2型糖尿病患者人数(人)0.7006
X14已管理的高血压患者人数(人)0.67310
X15卫生健康支出0.6838
X16人均卫生费(元)0.7074
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基于灰色关联度法的贵州省预防服务费用影响因素分析
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吕轶娟 1 , 史华 1 , 叶莉 2 , 张科 2 , 苏旭 2 , 王飞清 1 , 王聪 1 , 王清华 3 , 陶婉菊 1
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024,51(22): 4140-4146
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现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024, 51(22): 4140-4146
基于灰色关联度法的贵州省预防服务费用影响因素分析
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吕轶娟1, 史华1, 叶莉2, 张科2, 苏旭2, 王飞清1, 王聪1, 王清华3, 陶婉菊1
作者信息
  • 1.贵州中医药大学第一附属医院,贵州 贵阳 550001
  • 2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心
  • 3.贵州省第三人民医院
  • 吕轶娟(1990—),女,高级会计师,硕士,研究方向:卫生经济学、财务管理

通讯作者:

陶婉菊,E-mail:
Grey correlation analysis of influencing factors of prevention services expenditure, Guizhou
Yi-juan LV1, Hua SHI1, Li YE2, Ke ZHANG2, Xu SU2, Fei-qing WANG1, Cong WANG1, Qing-hua WANG3, Wan-ju TAO1
Affiliations
  • The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China
出版时间: 2024-11-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406405
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目的

运用灰色关联度法分析贵州省2016—2022年预防服务费用影响因素。

方法

基于“SHA2011”贵州省预防服务费用核算结果,及《贵州统计年鉴》及《贵州卫生统计年鉴》数据,运用灰色关联度法,对贵州省2016—2022年预防服务费用影响因素进行分析。

结果

与贵州省预防服务费用关联度最高的是卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数(0.826),其次为高等教育毛入学率(0.735)、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数 (0.730);关联度最低的是第三产业占GDP比重(0.593)。

结论

卫生资源投入与预防服务费用关联性最强,卫生经费投入、公共卫生服务能力是贵州省预防服务费用的主要影响因素,同时应充分重视经济发展及受教育程度、城镇化水平、年龄结构等社会因素对预防服务费用的影响。

预防服务费用  /  影响因素  /  灰色关联度法  /  贵州省
Objective

To analyze the influencing factors of preventive service cost in Guizhou Province from 2016 to 2022 by using grey correlation degree method.

Methods

Based on the accounting results of “SHA2011” and the data of “Guizhou Statistical Yearbook” and “Guizhou Health Statistical Yearbook”, the factors affecting the cost of preventive services in Guizhou from 2016 to 2022 were analyzed by using grey correlation method.

Results

The highest correlation with the cost of preventive services in Guizhou province was the number of health technicians in epidemic prevention and control and maternal and child health institutions (0.826), followed by the gross enrollment rate of higher education (0.735), the number of health technology beds in epidemic prevention and control and maternal and child health institutions (0.730). The lowest correlation was the proportion of tertiary industry in GDP (0.593).

Conclusion

Health resource input has the strongest correlation with the cost of preventive services. Health fund input and public health services are the main influencing factors of the cost of preventive services in Guizhou Province. At the same time, full attention should be paid to the influence of social factors such as economic development, education level, urbanization level and age structure on the cost of preventive services.

Prevention services expenditure  /  Influencing factors  /  Grey correlation  /  Guizhou
吕轶娟, 史华, 叶莉, 张科, 苏旭, 王飞清, 王聪, 王清华, 陶婉菊. 基于灰色关联度法的贵州省预防服务费用影响因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (22) : 4140 -4146 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406405
Yi-juan LV, Hua SHI, Li YE, Ke ZHANG, Xu SU, Fei-qing WANG, Cong WANG, Qing-hua WANG, Wan-ju TAO. Grey correlation analysis of influencing factors of prevention services expenditure, Guizhou[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (22) : 4140 -4146 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406405
预防服务体系在落实我国预防为主的卫生工作方针,尤其是在新冠疫情发生及多种呼吸道疾病流行时,对提高人民群众特别是低龄、老龄及患有慢性疾病人群的健康水平方面发挥着重要作用。在党的二十大“健康中国”战略下,增强预防服务能力和规范化管理水平,对改善卫生环境、预防控制疾病、避免或减少伤害和疾病的数量及后续症状和合并症、促进居民健康等方面具有重要意义[1]
通过文献梳理发现,国内学者在对全国及各省卫生总费用及人均卫生费用影响因素进行的研究较多,主要从宏观经济学角度出发,从经济与社会发展情况、资源配置、卫生服务情况、卫生经费投入等方面选取指标,进行深入分析。同时,学者在对贵州省卫生费用及预防服务费用的前期研究中,对2016—2020年贵州省经常性卫生费用筹资情况进行了相关研究,但目前未见在“健康中国”背景下,对贵州省预防服务费用影响因素的相关文献报道。因此,本研究基于2016—2022年贵州省预防服务费用测算结果及灰色关联度分析方法,从经济发展情况、社会发展情况、卫生资源投入、卫生服务情况、卫生经费投入五个维度出发,对贵州省2016—2022年预防服务费用影响因素进行分析研究,促进预防服务资源合理配置及预防服务高质量发展。
本研究所使用的数据中,预防服务费用来自基于“SHA2011”的2016—2022年贵州省经常性卫生费用测算结果,各项影响因素指标来源于2016—2022年《贵州统计年鉴》及《贵州卫生统计年鉴》。
本研究基于卫生经济学理论及相关文献梳理,从经济发展情况、社会发展情况、卫生资源投入、卫生服务情况、卫生经费投入五个维度出发,选取16个指标进行研究。
本研究选取的经济发展指标是人均GDP及第三产业占GDP比重,社会发展指标选取的是65岁及以上人口数占总人口比重、0~14岁人口数、城镇人口比例、高等教育毛入学率,卫生资源指标选取的是每千人床位数、每千人卫生技术人员数、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数,卫生服务指标选取的是诊疗人次、28种传染病报告发病人数、已管理的2型糖尿病患者人数、已管理的高血压患者人数,卫生经费指标选取的是卫生健康支出及人均卫生费[2-5],见表1
灰色关联度分析是灰色系统理论提出的一种系统分析方法,其基本思想是通过分析比较数列各指标变动对参考数列指标的影响以判断其关联度,可以在影响因素不甚明确的系统中找出影响参考数列发展变化的主要因素[6]
本研究以贵州省2016—2022 年7年的数据为基础,对贵州省的预防服务费用影响因素进行灰色关联度分析。变量里,参考数列 Yj为预防服务费用,比较数列为X1(j),X2(j),… X16(j),分别代表的指标是贵州省人均 GDP、第三产业占GDP比重、65岁及以上人口数占总人口比重、0~14岁人口数、城镇人口比例、高等教育毛入学率、每千人床位数、每千人卫生技术人员数、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数、诊疗人次、28种传染病报告发病人数、已管理的2型糖尿病患者人数、已管理的高血压患者人数、卫生健康支出及人均卫生费。时间序列为2016—2022年,即j=1,2…,7。
灰色关联度分析的计算过程在软件MATLAB R2022a中完成,在具体步骤如下:第一,为消除不同量纲产生的影响,对2016—2022年贵州省预防服务费用(参考数列)及影响因素各指标(比较数列)进行了均值化处理;第二,对均值化的结果中的比较数列和参考数列,进行求差数列计算处理;第三,设定分辨系数,即ρ=0.5,并计算灰色关联度系数;第四,计算灰色关联度,并进行排序。
贵州省预防服务费用总额2016年为37.2亿元,2017年为46.77亿元,2018年为54.89亿元,2019年为64.25亿元,2020年为96.05亿元,2021年为93.22亿元,2022年为100.56亿元,2016年至2022年增加了63.36亿元。人均预防服务费用由2016年的98.99元增加到2022年的260.79元,增长161.80元。贵州省预防服务支出占国内生产总值的比例从2016年的0.32%上升到2022年的0.50%,比2016年增长0.18%。贵州省2016年预防服务费用占经常性卫生费用的比例为5.07%,2022年为8.49%,较2016年增长3.42%。从影响因素指标上看,贵州省人均 GDP、第三产业占GDP比重、65岁及以上人口数占总人口比重、城镇人口比例、高等教育毛入学率、每千人床位数、每千人卫生技术人员数、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数、诊疗人次、28种传染病报告发病人数、已管理的2型糖尿病患者人数、已管理的高血压患者人数、卫生健康支出及人均卫生费呈上升趋势,其中卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数年均增长率最高,达14.07%,其次为诊疗人次、人均卫生费,年均增长率为11%左右;人均GDP 、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数年均增长率为9%左右;年均增长率在6%至8%左右的有高等教育毛入学率、每千人床位数、每千人卫生技术人员数、卫生健康支出;第三产业占GDP比重、65岁及以上人口数占总人口比重、28种传染病报告发病人数、已管理的2型糖尿病患者人数、已管理的高血压患者人数、城镇人口比例的年均增长率略低,在2%~4%间;0~14岁人口数呈先上升后下降的趋势,见表2
为消除不同量纲产生的影响,本研究对2016—2022年贵州省预防服务费用及影响因素各指标进行了均值化处理,如表3所示。
表3均值化的结果中的比较数列和参考数列,进行求差数列计算处理,结果见表4
在上一步中得到求差数列结果后,计算参考数列和比较数列的关联系数,进而计算出贵州省预防服务费用2016—2022年各项影响因素的灰色关联度,并对其进行排序,见表5。计算结果显示,本研究所选取的16项指标中,有15项指标的灰色关联度都大于 0.6,可以看出,参考数列与比较数列有较大的关联性。其中,与贵州省预防服务费用关联度最高的是卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数最高,为0.826,其次为高等教育毛入学率(0.735)、卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数 (0.730)、人均卫生费(0.707)、已管理的2型糖尿病患者人数(0.700) ;关联度在0.6至0.7间的指标有人均GDP、诊疗人次、卫生健康支出、每千人卫生技术人员数、已管理的高血压患者人数、城镇人口比例、每千人床位数、65岁及以上人口数占总人口比重、0~14岁人口数、28种传染病报告发病人数;关联度最低的是第三产业占GDP比重,为0.593。
关联度分析结果显示,贵州省卫生资源投入与预防服务费用关联性较为明显,其中,卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技床位数及卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数与预防服务费用具有较强的关联性,而人力资源因素比设施投入因素关联程度更强。从年均增长率上看,卫生防疫防治和妇幼卫生机构卫生技术人员数的年均增长率也更快。从总体卫生资源投入因素看,每千人卫生技术人员数及每千人床位数的关联度均大于0.6,说明总体卫生资源投入与预防服务费用关联性也较强。
从预防服务资源投入看,人力资源对预防服务起到了重要作用,卫生人力资源投入和人才引进政策等激励政策的倾斜,可加强卫生人力资源的结构调整及改善卫生人力资源配置[2,7-9]。从设施上看,预防服务提供机构及医院、卫生院等医疗机构在为公众提供预防接种、慢性病管理和基本健康管理等预防服务发挥了重要作用,及时增加政府及社会资本投入,并增加向预防服务提供机构及基层医疗机构的倾斜度,推进医疗资源下沉基层医疗机构,促进预防费用的设施优化,进一步提升卫生资源的配置合理性[10],提高卫生服务能力。
卫生费用核算研究结果显示,2016年贵州省人均卫生费用为2 472.37元,到2022年上升至4 110.08元,增加1 637.71元,年均增长率为11%,关联度排名第4。卫生健康支出由2016年的392.51亿元上升至583.59 亿元,增加191.08亿元,年均增长率为8%,关联度排名第八。可以看出,卫生经费投入是贵州省预防服务费用的主要影响因素。同时,经常性卫生费用核算结果显示,贵州省预防服务总费用虽有所提高,2022年其占经常性卫生费用的比例为8.49%,但仍低于2014年上海、四川预防服务费用占比(12.39%、9.92%)[11-12]及2018年云南占比9.73%[13]。通过筹资费用分析还可以看出,贵州省预防服务费用总量来源中,2022年政府及强制性卫生筹资方案占比(35.45%)虽然较大,但仍低于上海、湖南省预防费用筹资中政府方案的比例,增加政府卫生经费投入将有助于积极引导费用合理增长[14-16],促进贵州省预防服务高质量发展。
从卫生服务方面看,卫生服务能力、慢性病管理及传染病管理对预防服务费用产生的影响较大。在影响因素中,2型糖尿病及高血压患者管理是基本公共卫生服务的主要项目,核算结果显示,两类慢性病患者管理人数的关联度分别为0.700及0.673,即与预防服务费用密切相关。从关联度排名看,28种传染病报告发病人数的排名虽然靠后,但2020—2022年间,由于新冠疫情发生引起预防服务费用增长,如2020年1—3季度贵阳市共投入疫情防控专项资金143 650万元,其中,中央资金83 316万元,省级资金5 135万元;市本级财政投入资金32 067万元,县级投入资金23 132万元,凸显了政府投入在应对突发重大公共卫生事件时具有举足轻重的作用。因此,增强公共卫生服务及应对突发公共卫生事件的能力对预防服务体系健康发展十分重要。
从经济发展上看,2016年贵州省的GDP为11 734.43亿元,2022年上升至20 164.58亿元,在全国各省市排名第22位,GDP的增速(以不变价格计算)为1.10%。分析结果显示,贵州省人均 GDP与预防服务费用的关联度为0.697,排第五,关联度较高。可以看出,预防服务费用的提高与贵州省经济的发展密不可分。另一方面,从产业结构来看,贵州省第三产业占比与预防服务费用的关联度较低,低于0.6。相关研究中,李相荣等[3]发现我国第三产业占比是卫生费用的关键影响因素,但从各省份看,天津市占比不足60.00%,河北省仅为46.00%,与卫生费用关联较低[4]。可以看出,不同地区的经济发展情况对卫生费用的影响程度不同,可根据实际情况,制定适合的卫生政策,促进医疗卫生事业与经济协调发展。
从社会发展因素上看,相关学者研究显示,健康意识的提高依赖于受教育程度的提高,如北京和天津受教育程度与费用关联度较高[4]。本研究结果显示,高等教育毛入学率由2016年的33.00%提高至2022年的47.80%,与预防服务费用的关联度排名第二,说明受教育程度极大的影响了居民的预防服务意识。而城镇化水平提高,也对预防服务产生了影响。贵州省城镇人口比例由2016年的44.14%提高至2022年的54.81%,城镇化水平是影响预防服务费用的重要因素,提高城镇化水平与受教育程度具有重要的实际意义。
研究结果中,人口老龄化及青少年人口数量对贵州省预防服务费用的影响较小。虽然贵州省65岁及以上人口数占总人口比重由2016年的10.30%上升至12.14%,但年均增长率较慢,关联度排名为13;而2016—2022年14岁以下人口数量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,关联度排14。虽然本次研究的因素中,人口老龄化、青少年人口数量对预防服务费用关联度影响较小,但人口结构变化与卫生服务需求密切相关[17],尤其是老龄化因素会对卫生事业的可持续发展会带来较大压力,其影响仍不可忽视[5],可持续加强对老年人、脆弱人群开展健康教育,提倡全健康因素干预的理念[18],培养健康生活方式,加强儿童保健服务意识,以促进公众提高身体素质,提升生活质量。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(81560559)
  • 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]一般181)
  • 贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2019]9-2-40号)
  • 贵州省卫生健康委卫生费用核算项目
  • 贵州中医药大学第一附属医院项目
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2024年第51卷第22期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406405
  • 接收时间:2024-06-25
  • 首发时间:2026-03-20
  • 出版时间:2024-11-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-06-25
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81560559)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]一般181)
贵阳市科技计划项目(筑科合同[2019]9-2-40号)
贵州省卫生健康委卫生费用核算项目
贵州中医药大学第一附属医院项目
作者信息
    1.贵州中医药大学第一附属医院,贵州 贵阳 550001
    2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心
    3.贵州省第三人民医院

通讯作者:

陶婉菊,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202406405
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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