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Article(id=1241675632376082516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241675628051755031, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407166, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1720540800000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773968139976, onlineDateStr=2026-03-20, pubDate=1732464000000, pubDateStr=2024-11-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773968139976, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773968139976, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773968139976, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241675628051755031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='22', pageStart='4033', pageEnd='4224', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773968138945, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773968595676, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241677543783322543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241675628051755031, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241677543783322544, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241675628051755031, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4199, endPage=4205, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241675633118474361, articleId=1241675632376082516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Trajectories and influencing factors of sleep duration among adults in China, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To identify the trajectories of sleep duration among adults in China, and explore the associatedinfluencingfactors.

Methods

Data was derived from 2010-2020 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Self-reported measures of night sleep duration were used. People aged ≥18 years were included. LCGM and polynomial Logistic regression model were used.

Results

A total of 10 113 adults were included. Four similar trajectory groups of sleep duration were identified among Chinese adults: severely insufficient sleepduration group (3.12%), insufficient sleepduration group (27.63%), moderate sleepduration group (63.41%) and excessive sleepduration group (5.84%). Polynomial logistic regression showed that, using moderate sleep duration group as the reference, individuals who were older (OR=7.29, 95% CI: 2.23-23.83), lived in urban areas (OR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.89-3.17), had higher levels of depressive symptoms (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.09-1.15), and people who drank alcohol (OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.10-2.32) were more likely to be classified into severely insufficient sleep duration group. Males (OR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.35-0.67), living in western regions (OR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.29-0.61) were less likely to be classified into severely insufficient sleep duration group. Older adults (OR=2.38, 95% CI: 2.01-2.83), those with middle school education (OR=1.16, 95% CI: 1.03-1.30), high school education (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.40), college education and above (OR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.50), living in urban areas (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.21-1.48), having more depressive symptoms (OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04), adults drinking alcohol (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.37), and using Internet (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.07-1.34) were more likely to be classified into insufficient sleep duration group. Those with higher economic status (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.70-1.00), living in western regions (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.45-0.58), self-reported fair health (OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.98) and good health (OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.71-0.97), rated life satisfaction as fair (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.57-0.94) and satisfied (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.60-0.97) were less likely to be in insufficient sleep duration group. Living in the western regions (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.44-2.27) were more likely to be classified into excessive sleepduration group, while those aged 30-44 years (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.48-0.84), 45-59 years (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.55-0.99), having middle school education (OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.61-0.94), college education and above (OR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.14-0.46), living in urban areas (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.60-0.88) were less likely to classified into excessive sleepduration group.

Conclusion

Four groups of sleep duration trajectories among Chinese adults were identified. Sociodemographic factors, socioeconomic status, physical & mental health, health behavior, and life satisfaction were closely related to the trajectories of sleep duration among Chinese adults.

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目的

识别中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长变化轨迹，并探索相关影响因素。

方法

基于中国家庭追踪调查（China Family Panel Studies，简称CFPS）2010—2020年5次调查数据，使用自报方式测量夜晚睡眠时间，采用潜类别增长模型（LCGM）和多项式logistic回归模型，科学研究中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长变化轨迹及其影响因素。

结果

最终纳入10 113名成年人。中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹可划分为严重不足组（3.12%）、不足组（27.63%）、适中组（63.41%）和过多组（5.84%）。多项式logistic回归结果显示，以适中组为参照组，高龄（OR=7.29，95% CI：2.23~23.83）、居于城镇（OR=2.45，95% CI：1.89~3.17）、抑郁症状较高（OR=1.12，95% CI：1.09~1.15）、饮酒（OR=1.60，95% CI：1.10~2.32）人群更容易归为夜晚睡眠时间严重不足组，男性（OR=0.49，95% CI：0.35~0.67）、生活于西部地区（OR=0.42，95% CI：0.29~0.61）人群更不可能是严重不足组；高龄（OR=2.38，95% CI：2.01~2.83）、初中（OR=1.16，95% CI：1.03~1.30）、高中（OR=1.20，95% CI：1.04~1.40）和大学及以上文化水平（OR=1.23，95% CI：1.01~1.50）、居于城镇（OR=1.34，95% CI：1.21~1.48）、抑郁症状越多（OR=1.03，95% CI：1.02~1.04）、饮酒（OR=1.20，95% CI：1.05~1.37）、使用网络（OR=1.20，95% CI：1.07~1.34）人群更容易归为夜晚睡眠时长不足组，经济状况较高（OR=0.84，95% CI：0.70~1.00）、生活于西部地区（OR=0.51，95% CI：0.45~0.58）、健康自评为一般（OR=0.86，95% CI：0.75~0.98）和好（OR=0.83，95% CI：0.71~0.97）、生活满意度自评一般（OR=0.74，95% CI：0.57~0.94）和满意（OR=0.76，95% CI：0.60~0.97）的人群更不可能是不足组；居于西部地区（OR=1.81，95% CI：1.44~2.27）人群更容易归为夜晚睡眠时长过多组，30~44岁（OR=0.64，95% CI：0.48~0.84）、45~59岁（OR=0.74，95% CI：0.55~0.99）、初中（OR=0.75，95% CI：0.61~0.94）和大学及以上（OR=0.25，95% CI：0.14~0.46）、居于城镇人群（OR=0.73，95% CI：0.60~0.88）更不可能是过多组。

结论

中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹呈4种异质性轨迹，社会人口因素、社会经济地位因素、身心健康与相关行为因素和生活幸福感与中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间轨迹密切相关。

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袁亚运，E-mail:
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袁亚运，博士，讲师，研究方向：健康教育与健康促进研究

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袁亚运，博士，讲师，研究方向：健康教育与健康促进研究

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袁亚运，博士，讲师，研究方向：健康教育与健康促进研究

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Sleep Medicine, 2011, 12(4): 346-350., articleTitle=Relationships between self-rated health, quality of life and sleep duration in middle aged and elderly Australians, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241826543694053505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, awardId=No.Z7022002, language=CN, fundingSource=临沂大学科研启动基金(No.Z7022002), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241826543828271238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, awardId=18CGLJ37, language=CN, fundingSource=山东省社会科学规划研究项目(18CGLJ37), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241826538937713528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241826538941907833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, companyId=1241826538937713528, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Education, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276005, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241826538950296442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, companyId=1241826538937713528, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=临沂大学教育学院，山东　临沂　276005)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241826542427373600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The trajectories of sleep duration among Chinese adults, figureFileSmall=v+o3JgXZqbVoeEODeV+Rsg==, figureFileBig=ut64WmAMawFkjyXLvvMzIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241826542553202729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, language=CN, label=图1, caption=中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹, figureFileSmall=v+o3JgXZqbVoeEODeV+Rsg==, figureFileBig=ut64WmAMawFkjyXLvvMzIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241826542700003381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Comparison of sleep duration trajectories among Chinese adults in different variables ［n(%) ］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征频数 (比例)夜晚睡眠时间χ2值/F值P值
严重不足组不足组适中组过多组
性别35.438<0.001
女性5 264(51.95)216(4.10)1 436(27.28)3 313(62.94)299(5.68)
男性4 869(48.05)100(2.05)1 364(28.01)3 112(63.91)293(6.02)
年龄组（岁）481.650<0.001
18~291 536(15.16)3(0.20)231(15.04)1 207(78.58)95(6.18)
30~443 715(36.66)48(1.29)961(25.87)2 520(67.83)186(5.01)
45~593 681(36.33)178(4.84)1 198(32.55)2 105(57.19)200(5.43)
≥601 201(11.85)87(7.24)410(34.14)593(49.38)111(9.24)
婚姻状况74.438<0.001
未婚216(2.13)3(1.39)47(21.76)153(70.83)13(6.02)
已婚/同居9 057(89.38)253(2.79)2 470(27.27)5 811(64.16)523(5.77)
离异/丧偶860(8.49)60(6.98)283(32.91)461(53.60)56(6.51)
受教育程度134.638<0.001
小学及以下4 633(45.72)186(4.01)1 178(25.43)2 900(62.59)369(7.96)
初中3 119(30.78)81(2.60)892(28.60)1 997(64.03)149(4.78)
高中1 439(14.20)39(2.71)461(32.04)878(61.01)61(4.24)
大学及以上942(9.30)10(1.06)269(28.56)650(69.00)13(1.38)
经济状况35.632<0.001
低2 665(26.30)86(3.23)783(29.38)1 659(62.25)137(5.14)
中等6 296(62.13)181(2.87)1 737(27.59)4 026(63.95)352(5.59)
高1 172(11.57)49(4.18)280(23.89)740(63.14)103(8.79)
城乡167.553<0.001
农村5 073(50.06)112(2.21)1 201(23.67)3 362(66.27)398(7.85)
城镇5 060(49.94)204(4.03)1 599(31.60)3 063(60.53)194(3.83)
地区287.688<0.001
东部地区3 261(32.18)112(3.43)1037(31.8)1 981(60.75)131(4.02)
中部地区4 155(41.00)163(3.92)1 282(30.85)2 506(60.31)204(4.91)
西部地区2 717(26.81)41(1.51)481(17.70)1 938(71.33)257(9.46)
自评健康94.050<0.001
差1 854(18.30)95(5.12)580(31.28)1 039(56.04)140(7.55)
一般5 684(56.09)170(2.99)1 585(27.89)3 646(64.14)283(4.98)
好2 595(25.61)51(1.97)635(24.47)1 740(67.05)169(6.51)
慢性病65.622<0.001
无8 115(80.08)213(2.62)2 174(26.79)5 278(65.04)450(5.55)
有2 018(19.92)103(5.10)626(31.02)1 147(56.84)142(7.04)
抑郁症状（分，）5.590±4.207.589±4.705.760±4.335.383±4.085.952±4.2932.294<0.001
吸烟12.1060.007
无7 391(72.94)257(3.48)2 038(27.57)4 673(63.23)423(5.72)
有2 742(27.06)59(2.15)762(27.79)1 752(63.89)169(6.16)
饮酒10.9050.012
无8 661(85.47)271(3.13)2 344(27.06)5 545(64.02)501(5.78)
有1 472(14.53)45(3.06)456(30.98)880(59.78)91(6.18)
网络使用98.436<0.001
不使用4 826(47.63)207(4.29)1 321(27.37)2 939(60.90)359(7.44)
使用<4.0 h4 101(40.47)89(2.17)1 128(27.51)2 685(65.47)199(4.85)
使用≥4.0 h1 206(11.90)20(1.66)351(29.10)801(66.42)34(2.82)
生活满意度14.0030.030
不满意398(3.93)14(3.52)136(34.17)221(55.53)27(6.78)
一般2 210(21.81)58(2.62)613(27.74)1 417(64.12)122(5.52)
满意7 525(74.26)244(3.24)2 051(27.26)4 787(63.61)443(5.89)
合计10 133(100.00)316(3.12)2 800(27.63)6 425(63.41)592(5.84)
), ArticleFig(id=1241826542855192641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹的组间比较 ［n(%) ］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征频数 (比例)夜晚睡眠时间χ2值/F值P值
严重不足组不足组适中组过多组
性别35.438<0.001
女性5 264(51.95)216(4.10)1 436(27.28)3 313(62.94)299(5.68)
男性4 869(48.05)100(2.05)1 364(28.01)3 112(63.91)293(6.02)
年龄组（岁）481.650<0.001
18~291 536(15.16)3(0.20)231(15.04)1 207(78.58)95(6.18)
30~443 715(36.66)48(1.29)961(25.87)2 520(67.83)186(5.01)
45~593 681(36.33)178(4.84)1 198(32.55)2 105(57.19)200(5.43)
≥601 201(11.85)87(7.24)410(34.14)593(49.38)111(9.24)
婚姻状况74.438<0.001
未婚216(2.13)3(1.39)47(21.76)153(70.83)13(6.02)
已婚/同居9 057(89.38)253(2.79)2 470(27.27)5 811(64.16)523(5.77)
离异/丧偶860(8.49)60(6.98)283(32.91)461(53.60)56(6.51)
受教育程度134.638<0.001
小学及以下4 633(45.72)186(4.01)1 178(25.43)2 900(62.59)369(7.96)
初中3 119(30.78)81(2.60)892(28.60)1 997(64.03)149(4.78)
高中1 439(14.20)39(2.71)461(32.04)878(61.01)61(4.24)
大学及以上942(9.30)10(1.06)269(28.56)650(69.00)13(1.38)
经济状况35.632<0.001
低2 665(26.30)86(3.23)783(29.38)1 659(62.25)137(5.14)
中等6 296(62.13)181(2.87)1 737(27.59)4 026(63.95)352(5.59)
高1 172(11.57)49(4.18)280(23.89)740(63.14)103(8.79)
城乡167.553<0.001
农村5 073(50.06)112(2.21)1 201(23.67)3 362(66.27)398(7.85)
城镇5 060(49.94)204(4.03)1 599(31.60)3 063(60.53)194(3.83)
地区287.688<0.001
东部地区3 261(32.18)112(3.43)1037(31.8)1 981(60.75)131(4.02)
中部地区4 155(41.00)163(3.92)1 282(30.85)2 506(60.31)204(4.91)
西部地区2 717(26.81)41(1.51)481(17.70)1 938(71.33)257(9.46)
自评健康94.050<0.001
差1 854(18.30)95(5.12)580(31.28)1 039(56.04)140(7.55)
一般5 684(56.09)170(2.99)1 585(27.89)3 646(64.14)283(4.98)
好2 595(25.61)51(1.97)635(24.47)1 740(67.05)169(6.51)
慢性病65.622<0.001
无8 115(80.08)213(2.62)2 174(26.79)5 278(65.04)450(5.55)
有2 018(19.92)103(5.10)626(31.02)1 147(56.84)142(7.04)
抑郁症状（分，）5.590±4.207.589±4.705.760±4.335.383±4.085.952±4.2932.294<0.001
吸烟12.1060.007
无7 391(72.94)257(3.48)2 038(27.57)4 673(63.23)423(5.72)
有2 742(27.06)59(2.15)762(27.79)1 752(63.89)169(6.16)
饮酒10.9050.012
无8 661(85.47)271(3.13)2 344(27.06)5 545(64.02)501(5.78)
有1 472(14.53)45(3.06)456(30.98)880(59.78)91(6.18)
网络使用98.436<0.001
不使用4 826(47.63)207(4.29)1 321(27.37)2 939(60.90)359(7.44)
使用<4.0 h4 101(40.47)89(2.17)1 128(27.51)2 685(65.47)199(4.85)
使用≥4.0 h1 206(11.90)20(1.66)351(29.10)801(66.42)34(2.82)
生活满意度14.0030.030
不满意398(3.93)14(3.52)136(34.17)221(55.53)27(6.78)
一般2 210(21.81)58(2.62)613(27.74)1 417(64.12)122(5.52)
满意7 525(74.26)244(3.24)2 051(27.26)4 787(63.61)443(5.89)
合计10 133(100.00)316(3.12)2 800(27.63)6 425(63.41)592(5.84)
), ArticleFig(id=1241826542989410378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Different trajectory model parameters of sleep duration among Chinese adults

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CKAICBICaBICEntropyP值类别概率
LRTBLRT
1C7175 908.45175 959.02175 936.771.000
2C10171 094.70171 166.94171 135.160.742<0.001<0.0010.290/0.710
3C13169 706.33169 800.23169 758.920.782<0.001<0.0010.168/0.721/0.111
4C16169 297.61169 413.19169 362.340.783<0.001<0.0010.031/0.634/0.059/0.276
5C19169 201.56169 338.80169 278.420.8110.1110.1180.008/0.031/0.276/0.624/0.061
6C22169 143.03169 301.94169 232.030.8120.543<0.0010.029/0.032/0.031/0.640/0.010/0.258
), ArticleFig(id=1241826543169765461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长变化轨迹LCGM模型拟合结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CKAICBICaBICEntropyP值类别概率
LRTBLRT
1C7175 908.45175 959.02175 936.771.000
2C10171 094.70171 166.94171 135.160.742<0.001<0.0010.290/0.710
3C13169 706.33169 800.23169 758.920.782<0.001<0.0010.168/0.721/0.111
4C16169 297.61169 413.19169 362.340.783<0.001<0.0010.031/0.634/0.059/0.276
5C19169 201.56169 338.80169 278.420.8110.1110.1180.008/0.031/0.276/0.624/0.061
6C22169 143.03169 301.94169 232.030.8120.543<0.0010.029/0.032/0.031/0.640/0.010/0.258
), ArticleFig(id=1241826543287205981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Multinomial logistic regression results of sleep duration trajectories among Chinese adults

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征严重不足组不足组过多组
β值OR值(95% CI)P值β值OR值(95% CI)P值β值OR值(95% CI)P值
性别
女性1.001.001.00
男性-0.7210.49(0.35~0.67)<0.001-0.0660.94(0.83~1.05)0.2770.0341.04(0.83~1.29)0.766
年龄组（岁）
18~291.001.001.00
30~441.9867.29(2.23~23.83)<0.0010.8682.38(2.01~2.83)<0.001-0.4480.64(0.48~0.84)0.011
45~593.42730.78(9.54~79.39)<0.0011.3323.79(3.16~4.55)<0.001-0.3070.74(0.55~0.99)0.044
≥603.90849.80(15.03~98.17)<0.0011.5654.78(3.82~5.98)<0.0010.3191.38(0.96~1.97)0.083
婚姻状况
未婚1.001.001.00
已婚/同居-0.2260.80(0.24~2.69)0.715-0.0260.97(0.68~1.39)0.884-0.2610.77(0.42~1.40)0.393
离异/丧偶0.1381.15(0.33~3.98)0.8270.1251.13(0.77~1.67)0.522-0.2090.81(0.42~1.58)0.538
受教育程度
小学及以下1.001.001.00
初中-0.0680.93(0.69~1.26)0.6530.1491.16(1.03~1.30)0.012-0.2820.75(0.61~0.94)0.011
高中-0.1610.85(0.57~1.27)0.4300.1861.20(1.04~1.40)0.015-0.2360.79(0.58~1.08)0.135
大学及以上-0.6050.55(0.27~1.10)0.0910.2101.23(1.01~1.50)0.036-1.3940.25(0.14~0.46)<0.001
经济状况
低1.001.001.00
中等-0.0140.99(0.74~1.32)0.924-0.0270.97(0.87~1.09)0.6310.1171.12(0.91~1.40)0.290
高0.0401.04(0.70~1.55)0.844-0.1790.84(0.70~1.00)0.0480.2761.32(0.98~1.77)0.065
城乡
农村1.001.001.00
城镇0.8962.45(1.89~3.17)<0.0010.2901.34(1.21~1.48)<0.001-0.3180.73(0.60~0.88)<0.001
地区
东部地区1.001.001.00
中部地区0.1261.13(0.88~1.47)0.340-0.0390.96(0.87~1.07)0.4630.1771.19(0.95~1.50)0.132
西部地区-0.8740.42(0.29~0.61)<0.001-0.6720.51(0.45~0.58)<0.0010.5931.81(1.44~2.27)<0.001
自评健康
差1.001.001.00
一般-0.1370.87(0.65~1.17)0.366-0.1540.86(0.75~0.98)0.022-0.2930.75(0.59~0.95)0.016
好-0.3240.72(0.49~1.08)0.111-0.1880.83(0.71~0.97)0.019-0.0940.91(0.69~1.20)0.505
慢性病
无1.001.001.00
有0.0771.08(0.82~1.42)0.581-0.0011.00(0.88~1.13)0.9890.1681.18(0.95~1.48)0.142
抑郁症状0.1141.12(1.09~1.15)<0.0010.0301.03(1.02~1.04)<0.0010.0081.01(0.99~1.03)0.496
吸烟
无1.001.001.00
有-0.0280.97(0.68~1.40)0.8810.0331.03(0.91~1.17)0.607-0.0150.99(0.78~1.25)0.898
饮酒
无1.001.001.00
有0.4691.60(1.10~2.32)0.0130.1811.20(1.05~1.37)0.0100.1811.20(0.93~1.55)0.166
网络使用
不使用1.001.001.00
使用<4.0 h0.0821.09(0.80~1.47)0.5910.1811.20(1.07~1.34)0.002-0.1600.85(0.69~1.06)0.145
使用≥4.0 h0.1631.18(0.69~2.01)0.5510.3291.39(1.16~1.67)<0.001-0.3730.69(0.45~1.05)0.085
生活满意度
不满意1.001.001.00
一般-0.1810.83(0.44~1.58)0.577-0.3080.74(0.57~0.94)0.015-0.1850.83(0.53~1.31)0.425
满意0.1841.20(0.65~2.23)0.559-0.2750.76(0.60~0.97)0.028-0.2350.79(0.51~1.23)0.300
), ArticleFig(id=1241826543438200936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241675632376082516, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长变化轨迹影响因素的多项式logistic回归估计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征严重不足组不足组过多组
β值OR值(95% CI)P值β值OR值(95% CI)P值β值OR值(95% CI)P值
性别
女性1.001.001.00
男性-0.7210.49(0.35~0.67)<0.001-0.0660.94(0.83~1.05)0.2770.0341.04(0.83~1.29)0.766
年龄组（岁）
18~291.001.001.00
30~441.9867.29(2.23~23.83)<0.0010.8682.38(2.01~2.83)<0.001-0.4480.64(0.48~0.84)0.011
45~593.42730.78(9.54~79.39)<0.0011.3323.79(3.16~4.55)<0.001-0.3070.74(0.55~0.99)0.044
≥603.90849.80(15.03~98.17)<0.0011.5654.78(3.82~5.98)<0.0010.3191.38(0.96~1.97)0.083
婚姻状况
未婚1.001.001.00
已婚/同居-0.2260.80(0.24~2.69)0.715-0.0260.97(0.68~1.39)0.884-0.2610.77(0.42~1.40)0.393
离异/丧偶0.1381.15(0.33~3.98)0.8270.1251.13(0.77~1.67)0.522-0.2090.81(0.42~1.58)0.538
受教育程度
小学及以下1.001.001.00
初中-0.0680.93(0.69~1.26)0.6530.1491.16(1.03~1.30)0.012-0.2820.75(0.61~0.94)0.011
高中-0.1610.85(0.57~1.27)0.4300.1861.20(1.04~1.40)0.015-0.2360.79(0.58~1.08)0.135
大学及以上-0.6050.55(0.27~1.10)0.0910.2101.23(1.01~1.50)0.036-1.3940.25(0.14~0.46)<0.001
经济状况
低1.001.001.00
中等-0.0140.99(0.74~1.32)0.924-0.0270.97(0.87~1.09)0.6310.1171.12(0.91~1.40)0.290
高0.0401.04(0.70~1.55)0.844-0.1790.84(0.70~1.00)0.0480.2761.32(0.98~1.77)0.065
城乡
农村1.001.001.00
城镇0.8962.45(1.89~3.17)<0.0010.2901.34(1.21~1.48)<0.001-0.3180.73(0.60~0.88)<0.001
地区
东部地区1.001.001.00
中部地区0.1261.13(0.88~1.47)0.340-0.0390.96(0.87~1.07)0.4630.1771.19(0.95~1.50)0.132
西部地区-0.8740.42(0.29~0.61)<0.001-0.6720.51(0.45~0.58)<0.0010.5931.81(1.44~2.27)<0.001
自评健康
差1.001.001.00
一般-0.1370.87(0.65~1.17)0.366-0.1540.86(0.75~0.98)0.022-0.2930.75(0.59~0.95)0.016
好-0.3240.72(0.49~1.08)0.111-0.1880.83(0.71~0.97)0.019-0.0940.91(0.69~1.20)0.505
慢性病
无1.001.001.00
有0.0771.08(0.82~1.42)0.581-0.0011.00(0.88~1.13)0.9890.1681.18(0.95~1.48)0.142
抑郁症状0.1141.12(1.09~1.15)<0.0010.0301.03(1.02~1.04)<0.0010.0081.01(0.99~1.03)0.496
吸烟
无1.001.001.00
有-0.0280.97(0.68~1.40)0.8810.0331.03(0.91~1.17)0.607-0.0150.99(0.78~1.25)0.898
饮酒
无1.001.001.00
有0.4691.60(1.10~2.32)0.0130.1811.20(1.05~1.37)0.0100.1811.20(0.93~1.55)0.166
网络使用
不使用1.001.001.00
使用<4.0 h0.0821.09(0.80~1.47)0.5910.1811.20(1.07~1.34)0.002-0.1600.85(0.69~1.06)0.145
使用≥4.0 h0.1631.18(0.69~2.01)0.5510.3291.39(1.16~1.67)<0.001-0.3730.69(0.45~1.05)0.085
生活满意度
不满意1.001.001.00
一般-0.1810.83(0.44~1.58)0.577-0.3080.74(0.57~0.94)0.015-0.1850.83(0.53~1.31)0.425
满意0.1841.20(0.65~2.23)0.559-0.2750.76(0.60~0.97)0.028-0.2350.79(0.51~1.23)0.300
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中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹及其影响因素
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袁亚运
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2024,51(22): 4199-4205
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现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2024, 51(22): 4199-4205
中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹及其影响因素
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袁亚运
作者信息
  • 临沂大学教育学院，山东　临沂　276005

    • 袁亚运，博士，讲师，研究方向：健康教育与健康促进研究

通讯作者:

袁亚运，E-mail:
Trajectories and influencing factors of sleep duration among adults in China
Ya-yun YUAN
Affiliations
  • School of Education, Linyi University, Linyi, Shandong 276005, China
出版时间: 2024-11-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407166
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摘要
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目的

识别中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长变化轨迹，并探索相关影响因素。

方法

基于中国家庭追踪调查（China Family Panel Studies，简称CFPS）2010—2020年5次调查数据，使用自报方式测量夜晚睡眠时间，采用潜类别增长模型（LCGM）和多项式logistic回归模型，科学研究中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长变化轨迹及其影响因素。

结果

最终纳入10 113名成年人。中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹可划分为严重不足组（3.12%）、不足组（27.63%）、适中组（63.41%）和过多组（5.84%）。多项式logistic回归结果显示，以适中组为参照组，高龄（OR=7.29，95% CI：2.23~23.83）、居于城镇（OR=2.45，95% CI：1.89~3.17）、抑郁症状较高（OR=1.12，95% CI：1.09~1.15）、饮酒（OR=1.60，95% CI：1.10~2.32）人群更容易归为夜晚睡眠时间严重不足组，男性（OR=0.49，95% CI：0.35~0.67）、生活于西部地区（OR=0.42，95% CI：0.29~0.61）人群更不可能是严重不足组；高龄（OR=2.38，95% CI：2.01~2.83）、初中（OR=1.16，95% CI：1.03~1.30）、高中（OR=1.20，95% CI：1.04~1.40）和大学及以上文化水平（OR=1.23，95% CI：1.01~1.50）、居于城镇（OR=1.34，95% CI：1.21~1.48）、抑郁症状越多（OR=1.03，95% CI：1.02~1.04）、饮酒（OR=1.20，95% CI：1.05~1.37）、使用网络（OR=1.20，95% CI：1.07~1.34）人群更容易归为夜晚睡眠时长不足组，经济状况较高（OR=0.84，95% CI：0.70~1.00）、生活于西部地区（OR=0.51，95% CI：0.45~0.58）、健康自评为一般（OR=0.86，95% CI：0.75~0.98）和好（OR=0.83，95% CI：0.71~0.97）、生活满意度自评一般（OR=0.74，95% CI：0.57~0.94）和满意（OR=0.76，95% CI：0.60~0.97）的人群更不可能是不足组；居于西部地区（OR=1.81，95% CI：1.44~2.27）人群更容易归为夜晚睡眠时长过多组，30~44岁（OR=0.64，95% CI：0.48~0.84）、45~59岁（OR=0.74，95% CI：0.55~0.99）、初中（OR=0.75，95% CI：0.61~0.94）和大学及以上（OR=0.25，95% CI：0.14~0.46）、居于城镇人群（OR=0.73，95% CI：0.60~0.88）更不可能是过多组。

结论

中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹呈4种异质性轨迹，社会人口因素、社会经济地位因素、身心健康与相关行为因素和生活幸福感与中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间轨迹密切相关。

夜晚睡眠时间  /  变化轨迹  /  影响因素  /  成年人  /  潜变量增长曲线模型
Objective

To identify the trajectories of sleep duration among adults in China, and explore the associatedinfluencingfactors.

Methods

Data was derived from 2010-2020 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Self-reported measures of night sleep duration were used. People aged ≥18 years were included. LCGM and polynomial Logistic regression model were used.

Results

A total of 10 113 adults were included. Four similar trajectory groups of sleep duration were identified among Chinese adults: severely insufficient sleepduration group (3.12%), insufficient sleepduration group (27.63%), moderate sleepduration group (63.41%) and excessive sleepduration group (5.84%). Polynomial logistic regression showed that, using moderate sleep duration group as the reference, individuals who were older (OR=7.29, 95% CI: 2.23-23.83), lived in urban areas (OR=2.45, 95% CI: 1.89-3.17), had higher levels of depressive symptoms (OR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.09-1.15), and people who drank alcohol (OR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.10-2.32) were more likely to be classified into severely insufficient sleep duration group. Males (OR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.35-0.67), living in western regions (OR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.29-0.61) were less likely to be classified into severely insufficient sleep duration group. Older adults (OR=2.38, 95% CI: 2.01-2.83), those with middle school education (OR=1.16, 95% CI: 1.03-1.30), high school education (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.40), college education and above (OR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.01-1.50), living in urban areas (OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.21-1.48), having more depressive symptoms (OR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04), adults drinking alcohol (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.37), and using Internet (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.07-1.34) were more likely to be classified into insufficient sleep duration group. Those with higher economic status (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.70-1.00), living in western regions (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.45-0.58), self-reported fair health (OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.75-0.98) and good health (OR=0.83, 95% CI: 0.71-0.97), rated life satisfaction as fair (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.57-0.94) and satisfied (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.60-0.97) were less likely to be in insufficient sleep duration group. Living in the western regions (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.44-2.27) were more likely to be classified into excessive sleepduration group, while those aged 30-44 years (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.48-0.84), 45-59 years (OR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.55-0.99), having middle school education (OR=0.75, 95% CI: 0.61-0.94), college education and above (OR=0.25, 95% CI: 0.14-0.46), living in urban areas (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.60-0.88) were less likely to classified into excessive sleepduration group.

Conclusion

Four groups of sleep duration trajectories among Chinese adults were identified. Sociodemographic factors, socioeconomic status, physical & mental health, health behavior, and life satisfaction were closely related to the trajectories of sleep duration among Chinese adults.

Sleep duration  /  Trajectories  /  Influencingfactors  /  Adults  /  LCGM
袁亚运. 中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹及其影响因素. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (22) : 4199 -4205 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407166
Ya-yun YUAN. Trajectories and influencing factors of sleep duration among adults in China[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (22) : 4199 -4205 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407166
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睡眠是人类最基本、最重要的生理需求之一，但随着社会经济生活的发展，睡眠不足已经成为了一个严重的世界范围内的公共健康问题[1]。有研究显示，2022年中国民众47.55%每晚平均睡眠时长不足8 h，16.79%每晚平均睡眠时长不足7 h[2]。长期睡眠不足有可能增加肥胖、高血压、糖尿病、心血管等多种慢性病疾病风险[3-4]，导致焦虑、抑郁等心理健康问题，给个人、家庭和社会带来沉重负担。《健康中国行动（2019—2030年）》指出，到2030年，需要实现“减缓失眠患病率上升趋势，成年人每日平均睡眠时间达到7~8小时”的目标[5]。既往国内研究多集中于睡眠时间的现状及影响因素研究，考察睡眠时长与身心健康的关系[2-7]，截至目前仅有杨臻华等[8]、向波等[9]、Wang等[10]、Qiao等[11]对老年人和大学生睡眠质量和睡眠时间轨迹进行了科学分析。国外研究发现，睡眠时间存在明显的异质性[12-14]。因此，本研究利用2010—2020年中国家庭追踪调查（China Family Panel Studies，简称CFPS）纵向队列数据，以≥18岁人群为研究对象，采用潜类别增长模型（Latent Class Growth Model，简称LCGM）和多项式logistic回归模型，识别中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长变化轨迹并考察其影响因素，为预防和改善成年人睡眠不足问题的发生提供有力的参考依据。
1　资料与方法
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1.1　资料
本研究使用2010—2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据。CFPS是一项全国性、大规模、多学科的社会跟踪调查项目，正式调查始于2010年，之后每两年追访调查一次。CFPS采用内隐分层、多阶段和与人口规模成比例（PPS）的系统概率抽样方法[15]。调查对象均知情同意。根据研究目标，选取了2010—2020年CFPS调查中≥18岁且5期都参与调查人群，删除了夜晚睡眠时间、社会人口特征信息缺失的数据，最终纳入10 133人。
1.2　方法
CFPS由经过统一培训的调查员使用结构化问卷，由计算机辅助入户面对面访问家户成员。CFPS采用自报方式测量受访对象的夜晚睡眠时间。为了分析睡眠变化轨迹分组的分布特征，本研究在阅读大量相关文献基础上选取了部分变量，主要是：（1）社会人口特征，包括性别、年龄、婚姻状况、城乡和地区；（2）社会经济地位因素，包括文化水平、经济状况；（3）健康状况与相关行为因素，包括自评健康、慢性病、抑郁症状和网络使用；（4）生活质量因素，即自评生活满意度。
1.3　指标测量
（1）夜晚睡眠时间： CFPS采用自报方式测量夜晚睡眠时间，“不包括午睡时间，一般情况下，（1）每天大约睡几个小时？（2）工作日每天大约睡几个小时？（3）休息日每天大约睡几个小时？”。受访者根据自己实际情况做出回答。其中，（1）与（2）（3）题互斥。若受访者回答（2）（3）题，考虑到工作日和休息日在1周中所占比重不同，那么平均每天夜晚睡眠时间=工作日×5/7+休息日×2/7。由于2012年没有调查夜晚睡眠时间，所以得到2010年、2014年、2016年、2018年和2020年共5次测量结果。（2）协变量：按照生理特征，界定性别。年龄划分为4组：18~29、30~44、50~59、≥60岁。婚姻状况分为未婚、已婚/同居、离异/丧偶。文化程度、经济水平即受访者自报的受教育水平和自我评估的收入水平。依据国家统计局资料，界定城乡和地区状况。自评健康即受访者自我评价的整体健康状况，慢性病即经医生诊断确定的慢性病情况。抑郁症状采用简易流调中心抑郁量表（CES-D）测量，共8道题：（1）我感到情绪低落；（2）我觉得做任何事都很费劲；（3）我感到愉快；（4）我感到孤独；（5）我生活快乐；（6）我睡眠不好；（7）我感到悲伤难过；（8）我觉得生活无法继续。每个题目要求被访者自评过去一周内出现的抑郁及相关症状的频率：0=几乎没有、1=有些时候、2=经常有、3=大多数时候有。加总后得到抑郁症状指数，范围为0~24。吸烟指过去1个月曾吸过烟。饮酒指过去1个月饮酒≥3次/周。网络使用指是否每天使用网络以及使用时长，以4 h为节点划分为不使用、使用<4 h 和使用≥4 h共3组。采用自我评估法测量受访者的生活满意情况，选项为1~5。为了便于分析，把选项1和2合并，命名为“不满意”，把选项3命名为“一般”，把选项4~5合并，命名为“满意”。
1.4　统计学分析
主要使用Stata 16.0软件进行数据处理、数据分析和作图。采用Mplus 8.7软件进行LCGM分析。从潜在类别数量为1开始逐步增加模类别数目，比较模型的拟合指标，结合实际意义及统计指标，确定最佳模型[16]。拟合指标包括赤池信息准则（AIC）、贝叶斯信息准则（BIC）和样本校正的BIC（aBIC），值越小，代表拟合度越好；熵（Entropy）代表分类准确性，范围为0~1，值越大，代表模型越好，一般>0.6认为该模型的分类精确性较高；似然比检验（LRT）和基于Bootstrap的似然比检验（BLRT），用于比较k-1个和k个类别模型间的拟合差异，如果这两个值的P值达到显著水平，说明k个类别的模型优于k-1个类别模型。使用频数和百分比（%）表示样本特征以及夜晚睡眠时间轨迹分组的分布状况。采用均值±标准差描述连续变量。χ2检验、方差分析用于组间分析。使用多项式logistic回归模型，分析中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹的影响因素。以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
2　结果
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2.1　样本对象基本情况
本研究共纳入10 133名≥18岁人群。以2010年首次调查数据作为基线资料，其中男性4 869人（48.05%），女性5 264人（51.95%）；18~29岁1 536人（15.16%），30~44岁3 715人（36.66%），45~59岁3 681人（36.33%），≥60岁1 201人（11.85%）；农村5 073人（50.06%），城镇5 060人（49.94%）。其他资料结果详见表1。
2.2　中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长变化轨迹类别识别与确定
以5个时间点夜晚睡眠时间作为观测指标进行LCGM模型分析，设定为时间参数自由估计，依次提取了1~6个类别。随着类别数上升，AIC、BIC、aBIC不断减少，熵值不断上升，但基本在4个类别数上形成拐点。1~4个类别模型的LRT与BLRT均达到显著水平（P<0.05），但当类别数达到5个时，LRT与BLRT均不显著，且其中一个类别的概率非常小（不足1%）。所以，最终选择4个变化轨迹。类别1绝大多数夜晚睡眠时间低于6 h（6.67 h、5.47 h、5.28 h、5.18 h、5.07 h），命名为“严重不足组”。类别2绝大多数夜晚睡眠时间低于7 h（7.61 h、7.03 h、6.86 h、6.72 h、6.57 h），但明显高于类别1，命名为“不足组”。类别3夜晚睡眠时间均在7~8 h内（8.36 h、7.98 h、7.95 h、7.89 h、7.68 h），命名为“适中组”。类别4绝大多数夜晚睡眠时间超过9 h（9.50 h、9.37 h、9.33 h、9.17 h、8.62 h），命名为“过多组”。见表2和图1。
2.3　中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长变化轨迹分布特征分析
中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹中睡眠适中组占比最高（63.41%），不足组（27.63%）其次，过多组（5.84%）和严重不足组（3.12%）占比较小。中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹分组的性别、年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、经济状况、城乡、地区、自评健康、慢性病、抑郁症状、吸烟、饮酒、网络使用和生活满意度比较，差异均有统计学意义。见表1。
2.4　中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长轨迹影响因素的多因素回归分析
在LCGM模型基础上，以组别为因变量，其中以适中组为参照组，把自变量全部纳入模型，进行多项式logistic回归分析。结果显示，30~44岁、45~59岁、≥60岁、居于城镇、抑郁症状较高、饮酒人群更可能是夜晚睡眠时长严重不足组，男性、生活于西部地区人群更不可能是严重不足组；30~44岁、45~59岁、≥60岁、初中、高中和大学及以上文化水平、居于城镇、抑郁症状越高、饮酒、使用网络<4.0 h和≥4.0 h人群更可能是夜晚睡眠时长不足组，经济状况较高、生活于西部地区、健康自评为一般和好、生活满意度自评一般和满意的人群更不可能是不足组；居于西部地区人群更可能是夜晚睡眠时长过多组，30~44岁、45~59岁、受教育程度是初中和大学及以上、居于城镇人群更不可能是过多组。见表3。
3　讨论
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本研究发现，中国成年人群夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹存在明显的群体异质性，可以拟合出4条轨迹，分别是严重不足组、不足组、适中组和过多组。这与Patte等[17]的研究结果一致，但与Wang等[9]、Wang等[18]、Salinas-Rodríguez等[12]的研究结果不一致。这些研究利用多种调查数据针对不同人群基本拟合出3条睡眠时间变化轨迹，例如稳定型（61.19%）、上升型（24.80%）、下降型（14.01%）[9]。存在差异可能是由不同抽样方法、数据特征、研究对象存在较大差异造成的。中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间轨迹主要表现为适中组（63.41%），过多组（5.84%）所占比重较小，不足组（27.63%）和严重不足组（3.12%）所占比例较大。这进一步证实了以往相关研究结论[18]，即睡眠不足是当前中国成年人群睡眠时间的主要问题，睡眠过多问题虽存在，但所占比例与以往研究结果相比（16.9%）已大幅度缩小[19]。
中国成年人夜晚睡眠时间变化轨迹与社会人口因素、社会经济地位紧密相关。与其他研究结果相一致[18-21]，女性和高龄人群更易表现为夜晚睡眠时长不足和严重不足。一方面可能与女性一系列激素水平的波动有关，另一方面可能与女性的家庭责任有关，特别是承担生育、哺育和照料职责会影响睡眠节律。生理机能退化、慢性疾病增加、药物的副作用以及退休后生活方式的改变都可能诱发睡眠不足。受教育程度较高、经济状况较高人群拥有良好生活工作环境、充足营养物质摄入、健康生活行为、更优质社会保障和支持，夜晚睡眠时长轨迹更可能是适中组[22]。相较于城镇、东部地区，农村、西部地区成年人夜晚睡眠时间轨迹更可能归为适中组和过多组，与现有研究结果相一致[7, 19, 22-23]。城镇和东部地区经济发展较快，生活节奏更快，夜生活更丰富，睡眠时间较短。因此，女性、高龄、受教育程度较低、经济状况较差、城镇和东部地区人群是睡眠干预的重点关注人群，应实施更积极、更精准、更有效的预防措施。
中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长轨迹与身心健康及相关行为因素、生活质量因素密切相关。自评健康较差、抑郁症状较高、饮酒、使用网络过长和生活不满意人群其夜晚睡眠时长轨迹更可能归属于睡眠不足组和适中组。这与现有研究结果基本一致。睡眠不足与糖尿病、肥胖、心脑血管等疾病密切相关，二者相互影响，互为因果[3-4, 6-8]。Chaput等研究指出，夜晚睡眠不足与魁北克市成年人的更大饮酒量有关[24]。Xu等[25]、Qu等[26]研究发现，适度使用网络聊天工具有助于睡眠相关健康知识的普及，提高睡眠质量，但是过多则有害于睡眠。现有研究表明，不幸福是一种生活压力，会刺激下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴过度活动并增加皮质醇水平，皮质醇水平的增加与高频脑电活动有关，从而维持清醒状态[7, 27-28]。这与这些结果提示，普及医疗健康资源，提高健康素养，增强体质，培养积极乐观的心态，积极预防治疗抑郁，养成良好健康的生活方式，增强自我保健意识，提升生活多方面获得感，是预防中国成年人群睡眠问题的有效举措。
本研究的主要优势在于，基于一项具有全国代表性的为期10年的纵向追踪调查数据，发现中国成年人夜晚睡眠时长存在明显群体异质性，且与不同社会人口特征、社会经济地位因素、身心健康与相关行为因素和幸福感紧密相关。提示研究人员应重视成年人睡眠问题，定期开展睡眠筛查，识别不同睡眠轨迹人群并针对其特征进行有效干预，面对不同人群采取差异化的措施。本研究的主要不足是，采用自我报告的方式测量夜晚睡眠时间，测量结果可能存在一定偏差，在一定程度上限制了夜晚睡眠时长轨迹类别拟合结果的科学性和外推性。未来的研究应当采用更为客观的测量方法测量成年人夜晚睡眠时间。
基金
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  • 临沂大学科研启动基金(No.Z7022002)
  • 山东省社会科学规划研究项目(18CGLJ37)
文献
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2024年第51卷第22期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407166
  • 接收时间：2024-07-10
  • 首发时间：2026-03-20
  • 出版时间：2024-11-25
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  • 收稿日期：2024-07-10
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临沂大学科研启动基金(No.Z7022002)
山东省社会科学规划研究项目(18CGLJ37)
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    临沂大学教育学院，山东　临沂　276005

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袁亚运，E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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