Article(id=1241522856979395429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522846384583426, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202307123, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1688918400000, receivedDateStr=2023-07-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773931715483, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1707494400000, pubDateStr=2024-02-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773931715483, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773931715483, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931715483, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241522846384583426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='3', pageStart='385', pageEnd='576', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773931712956, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931842201, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241523388544504301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522846384583426, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241523388544504302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522846384583426, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=542, endPage=546, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241522857432380279, articleId=1241522856979395429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Analysis of influencing factors of pertussis cases surge in Yangzhou city under high vaccine coverage, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pertussis in Yangzhou City in 2022 and the vaccine effectiveness(VE) of acellular pertussis vaccine (aPV) against pertussis, and to explore the influencing factors of the case surge under the high vaccine coverage, as well as the responding strategies.
Methods The clinical data of pertussis patients were analyzed using a matched case-control study with the ratio of 1:2 to investigate the vaccine effectiveness of aPV in preventing pertussis.
Results The incidence-age curve showed the “U-shape”. The incidence of infants at the age of 3 months was higher, which was 127.8/100 000. The second peak occurred in children aged 5 to 7 years, with the incidence exceeding 60/100 000. Among the cases, the breakthrough cases accounted for 86.0%, and the clinical symptoms such as complications of the breakthrough cases were better than those of the unimmunized cases. The total VE of aPV in preventing pertussis was 86.10% (95%CI: 34.70%-97.04%), the VE of 1 dose of aPV in preventing pertussis was 85.35% (95%CI: 31.10%-96.89%), the VE of 4 doses of aPV was 98.20% (95%CI: 74.28%-99.88%), and the VE of onset-vaccination interval less than 1 year was 85.72% (95%CI: 32.8%-99.00%), indicating that the increased duration of time after vaccination was a risk factor for pertussis.
Conclusion Currently, the immunization strategy of pertussis does not match the epidemic characteristics, and the risk of pertussis is high in infants at the age of 3 months and school-age children. The protective effect of aPV is not timely, so it is necessary to further modify and improve the pertussis immunization strategy, especially to consider the application of pertussis immunization in school-age children.
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目的 分析2022年扬州市百日咳疫情流行特征和无细胞百日咳类疫苗(acellular pertussis vaccine, aPV)预防百日咳的保护效果(vaccine effectiveness),探讨在高疫苗覆盖率形势下病例激增的影响因素及应对策略。
方法 对发病病例的临床数据进行统计分析,采用1:2匹配病例对照研究,分析aPV预防百日咳的保护效果。
结果 发病率-年龄曲线呈“U”形,0 ~ 3月龄婴幼儿发病率较高,为127.8/10万,第2个发病高峰发生在5 ~ 7岁儿童,发病率超过60/10万。发病病例中突破病例占86.0%,突破病例在并发症等临床症状的情况好于未免疫病例。aPV预防百日咳的总体保护效果为86.10%(95%CI: 34.70% ~ 97.04%),1 ~ 3剂次aPV预防百日咳的保护效果为85.35%(95%CI: 31.10% ~ 96.89%),4剂次aPV的保护效果达98.20%(95%CI: 74.28% ~ 99.88%),发病-接种间隔时间<1年的保护效果为85.72%(95%CI: 32.08%~ 97.00%),提示接种后时间增长为百日咳发病的危险因素。
结论 目前百日咳免疫策略与流行特征不相匹配,0 ~ 3月龄婴幼儿以及学龄儿童的百日咳风险颇高。aPV的保护效果的时效性不佳,需进一步调整和完善百日咳免疫策略,尤其需要考虑百日咳加强免疫在学龄期儿童的应用。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=IsoYvVy3xdofVunCmtlI3A==, magXml=r5qeZ4D98Hk1RAsXOYELvw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Jq0n4emabiCS+pgcyzsJxw==, pdfFileSize=642863, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=fxYoJOpktUmzBc6OUwWeZg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=F6hT29t0wyNdvXROuz4AMw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
唐诗静(1996 —),女,硕士,初级,研究方向:免疫规划
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Age distribution of reported cases of pertussis in Yangzhou in 2022, figureFileSmall=rXLcRuGKz6phWy3xEtuaDw==, figureFileBig=rdrUVDmIzzdQVY+ZIBR2qg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241680451107082767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522856979395429, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
2022年扬州市百日咳报告病例的年龄分布, figureFileSmall=rXLcRuGKz6phWy3xEtuaDw==, figureFileBig=rdrUVDmIzzdQVY+ZIBR2qg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241680451279049237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522856979395429, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Seasonal distribution of reported cases of pertussis in Yangzhou in 2022, figureFileSmall=94VSUHG5l3Xv+M2cTHj+6Q==, figureFileBig=3lWtaAMm5El13EkeVU/HyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241680451404878363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522856979395429, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
2022年扬州市百日咳报告病例的发病时间分布, figureFileSmall=94VSUHG5l3Xv+M2cTHj+6Q==, figureFileBig=3lWtaAMm5El13EkeVU/HyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241680451505541666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522856979395429, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=
Distribution of immune history of patients in different age groups of reported pertussis cases in Yangzhou in 2022, figureFileSmall=g3YGyP8wd/Eanz4H4IFp9Q==, figureFileBig=AvaubbZFwTskN0p8Meolcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241680451748811304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522856979395429, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
2022年扬州市百日咳报告病例不同年龄组患者免疫史分布, figureFileSmall=g3YGyP8wd/Eanz4H4IFp9Q==, figureFileBig=AvaubbZFwTskN0p8Meolcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241680451870446133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522856979395429, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Comparison of clinical symptoms between breakthrough cases and non-immune cases [n (%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 临床特征 | 突破病例 (n=170) | 未免疫病例 (n=28) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 住院情况 | | | 15.787 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 90(52.9) | 26(92.9) | | |
| 否 | 80(47.1) | 2(7.1) | | |
| 发热 | | | 0.017 | 0.897a |
| 是 | 17(10.0) | 2(7.1) | | |
| 否 | 153(90.0) | 26(92.9) | | |
| 痉挛性咳嗽 | | | 0.8 | 0.371 |
| 是 | 113(66.5) | 21(75.0) | | |
| 否 | 57(33.5) | 7(25.0) | | |
| 吸气性呼吸音 | | | 0.146 | 0.703 |
| 是 | 37(21.8) | 7(25.0) | | |
| 否 | 133(78.2) | 21(75.0) | | |
| 呕吐 | | | 1.057 | 0.304 |
| 是 | 34(20.0) | 8(28.6) | | |
| 否 | 136(80.0) | 20(71.4) | | |
| 口唇青紫 | | | | |
| 是 | 9(5.3) | 9(32.1) | 20.969 | <0.001a |
| 否 | 161(94.7) | 19(67.9) | | |
| 出现窒息 | | | | |
| 是 | 3(1.8) | 0(0.0) | — | 1.000b |
| 否 | 167(98.2) | 28(100.0) | | |
| 合并症c | | | | |
| 是 | 18(10.6) | 9(32.1) | 7.742 | 0.005b |
| 否 | 152(89.4) | 19(67.9) | | |
| 转归 | | | 19.374 | <0.001b |
| 痊愈 | 59(34.7) | 1(3.6) | | |
| 好转 | 111(65.3) | 25(89.3) | | |
| 较差 | 0(0.0) | 2(7.1) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241680453372006974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522856979395429, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
突破病例与未免疫病例的临床症状比较[n(%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 临床特征 | 突破病例 (n=170) | 未免疫病例 (n=28) | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 住院情况 | | | 15.787 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 90(52.9) | 26(92.9) | | |
| 否 | 80(47.1) | 2(7.1) | | |
| 发热 | | | 0.017 | 0.897a |
| 是 | 17(10.0) | 2(7.1) | | |
| 否 | 153(90.0) | 26(92.9) | | |
| 痉挛性咳嗽 | | | 0.8 | 0.371 |
| 是 | 113(66.5) | 21(75.0) | | |
| 否 | 57(33.5) | 7(25.0) | | |
| 吸气性呼吸音 | | | 0.146 | 0.703 |
| 是 | 37(21.8) | 7(25.0) | | |
| 否 | 133(78.2) | 21(75.0) | | |
| 呕吐 | | | 1.057 | 0.304 |
| 是 | 34(20.0) | 8(28.6) | | |
| 否 | 136(80.0) | 20(71.4) | | |
| 口唇青紫 | | | | |
| 是 | 9(5.3) | 9(32.1) | 20.969 | <0.001a |
| 否 | 161(94.7) | 19(67.9) | | |
| 出现窒息 | | | | |
| 是 | 3(1.8) | 0(0.0) | — | 1.000b |
| 否 | 167(98.2) | 28(100.0) | | |
| 合并症c | | | | |
| 是 | 18(10.6) | 9(32.1) | 7.742 | 0.005b |
| 否 | 152(89.4) | 19(67.9) | | |
| 转归 | | | 19.374 | <0.001b |
| 痊愈 | 59(34.7) | 1(3.6) | | |
| 好转 | 111(65.3) | 25(89.3) | | |
| 较差 | 0(0.0) | 2(7.1) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241680453502030405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522856979395429, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Analysis of protective effects of pertussis vaccine
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| 免疫特征 | 病例组(n=200) | 对照组(n=400) | OR值(95%CI) | 保护效果(%)a(95%CI) | P值 |
|---|
| 例数 | 构成比(%) | 例数 | 构成比(%) |
|---|
| 总体疫苗保护效果 | | | | | | | |
| 有免疫史 | 172 | 86.0 | 358 | 89.5 | 0.139 0 (0.029 6 ~ 0.653 0) | 86.10 (34.70 ~ 97.04) | 0.012 |
| 无免疫史 | 28 | 14.0 | 42 | 10.5 | | Ref b | |
| 不同免疫剂次(剂次) | | | | | | | |
| 1 ~ 3 | 13 | 6.5 | 32 | 8.0 | 0.146 5 (0.031 1 ~ 0.689 0) | 85.35 (31.10 ~ 96.89) | 0.015 |
| 4 | 159 | 79.5 | 326 | 81.5 | 0.018 0 (0.001 2 ~ 0.257 2) | 98.20 (74.28 ~ 99.88) | 0.003 |
| 0 | 28 | 14.0 | 42 | 10.5 | | Ref b | |
| 免疫后时间(年) | | | | | | | |
| <1 | 11 | 5.5 | 34 | 8.5 | 0.142 8 (0.030 0 ~ 0.679 2) | 85.72 (32.08 ~ 97.00) | 0.014 |
| 1 ~ 3 | 45 | 22.5 | 91 | 22.8 | 0.110 3 (0.009 2 ~ 1.315 0) | 88.97 (-31.50 ~ 99.08) | 0.081 |
| ≥4 | 116 | 58.0 | 233 | 58.3 | 0.107 4 (0.007 6 ~ 1.516 4) | 89.26 (-51.64 ~ 99.24) | 0.099 |
| 未免疫 | 28 | 14.0 | 42 | 10.5 | | Ref b | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241680453627859539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522856979395429, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
百日咳疫苗保护效果分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 免疫特征 | 病例组(n=200) | 对照组(n=400) | OR值(95%CI) | 保护效果(%)a(95%CI) | P值 |
|---|
| 例数 | 构成比(%) | 例数 | 构成比(%) |
|---|
| 总体疫苗保护效果 | | | | | | | |
| 有免疫史 | 172 | 86.0 | 358 | 89.5 | 0.139 0 (0.029 6 ~ 0.653 0) | 86.10 (34.70 ~ 97.04) | 0.012 |
| 无免疫史 | 28 | 14.0 | 42 | 10.5 | | Ref b | |
| 不同免疫剂次(剂次) | | | | | | | |
| 1 ~ 3 | 13 | 6.5 | 32 | 8.0 | 0.146 5 (0.031 1 ~ 0.689 0) | 85.35 (31.10 ~ 96.89) | 0.015 |
| 4 | 159 | 79.5 | 326 | 81.5 | 0.018 0 (0.001 2 ~ 0.257 2) | 98.20 (74.28 ~ 99.88) | 0.003 |
| 0 | 28 | 14.0 | 42 | 10.5 | | Ref b | |
| 免疫后时间(年) | | | | | | | |
| <1 | 11 | 5.5 | 34 | 8.5 | 0.142 8 (0.030 0 ~ 0.679 2) | 85.72 (32.08 ~ 97.00) | 0.014 |
| 1 ~ 3 | 45 | 22.5 | 91 | 22.8 | 0.110 3 (0.009 2 ~ 1.315 0) | 88.97 (-31.50 ~ 99.08) | 0.081 |
| ≥4 | 116 | 58.0 | 233 | 58.3 | 0.107 4 (0.007 6 ~ 1.516 4) | 89.26 (-51.64 ~ 99.24) | 0.099 |
| 未免疫 | 28 | 14.0 | 42 | 10.5 | | Ref b | |
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