Article(id=1241522852004942607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522846384583426, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202308324, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1692288000000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773931714297, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1707494400000, pubDateStr=2024-02-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773931714297, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773931714297, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931714297, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241522846384583426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='3', pageStart='385', pageEnd='576', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773931712956, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931842201, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241523388544504301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522846384583426, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241523388544504302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522846384583426, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=385, endPage=389, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241522852395012913, articleId=1241522852004942607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Study on the relationship between residual lipoprotein and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the elderly, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its influencing factors, and to explore the role of residual lipoprotein (RC) in risk assessment of NAFLD in the elderly.

Methods

The elderly over 60 years old in Xinzheng city, Henan Province in 2021 were selected as the research subjects, and the basic information, physical examination data, and laboratory indexes were collected. The role of RC in risk assessment of NAFLD in the elderly population was investigated by t test, χ2 test, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis with the use of SPSS 26.0 software and R4.2.2.

Results

A total of 62 730 elderly people were included in this study, and the prevalence rate of NAFLD was 26.02%. In univariate analysis, with the increase of RC level, the prevalence rate of the elderly population increased steadily, with the lowest in the first quartile and the highest in the second quartile (23.77% and 30.43%, respectively). Multivariate Logistic regression showed that the risk of NAFLD in women was 1.728 times higher than that in men (95%CI: 1.607-1.858), and the increase of age, BMI,waist circumference, fasting blood-glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), and RC increased the risk of NAFLD. For every unit increase in RC, the risk of disease increased by 56.30% (95%CI:1.433-1.704), and after adjusting for confounding factors, RC was still a risk factor for NAFLD.

Conclusion

The prevalence of NAFLD is high in the elderly, and there is an independent correlation between RC and NAFLD.

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目的

分析非酒精性脂肪肝病(NAFLD)的患病情况及其影响因素,探讨残余胆固醇(RC)在老年人NAFLD风险评估中的价值。

方法

选取2021年河南省新郑市60岁以上老年人为研究对象,收集一般资料、体格检查资料、实验室检查指标等结果。并通过SPSS 26.0软件、R 4.2.2进行t检验、χ2检验以及多因素logistic回归分析探讨RC在老年人群中NAFLD的风险评估作用。

结果

本研究共纳入62 730名老年人,NAFLD的患病率为26.02%。单因素分析中,随着RC的水平的增高,老年人群的患病率基本稳步升高,在第1五分位数组最低,第2五分位数组最高,分别为23.77%、30.43%。多因素logistic回归显示,女性患NAFLD的风险是男性的1.728倍(95%CI:1.607~1.858);年龄、BMI、腰围、FPG、TG、TC、LDL-C、RC数值的升高都会增加患NAFLD的风险。其中RC每升高一个单位,患病的风险就增加56.30%(95%CI:1.433~1.704),且在调整了混杂因素后,RC仍是NAFLD的危险因素。

结论

老年人群的NAFLD病患病率较高,RC与NAFLD存在独立相关关系。

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时松和,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=zjYIAa3A+kRTdmag+FdiBg==, magXml=tYP34C43aQw0b1EfLMJ5gA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=5cnhzNiOVPg1qFaqxagNrg==, pdfFileSize=555945, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=KD8q6FW+26c4RP3I+XFK1w==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

程玉林(1996—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:医学数据管理与挖掘

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Metabolism, 2016, 65(8): 1109-1123., articleTitle=Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and dyslipidemia: An update, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241680468240814329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=24, issue=7, pageStart=908, pageEnd=922, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Friedman SL, Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Rinella M, journalName=Nature Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Friedman SL, Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Rinella M, et al.Mechanisms of NAFLD development and therapeutic strategies[J].Nature Medicine, 2018, 24(7): 908-922., articleTitle=Mechanisms of NAFLD development and therapeutic strategies, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241680462914048064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, awardId=2017Y FC1307705, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划重大慢性非传染性疾病防控研究(2017Y FC1307705), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241680454890345146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241680454894539451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, companyId=1241680454890345146, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241680454902928061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, companyId=1241680454890345146, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.郑州大学公共卫生学院,河南 郑州 450000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241680455112643276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241680455121031885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, companyId=1241680455112643276, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.河南省卫生健康委员会统计信息中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241680460397465603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic information of the elderly population aged 60 and above in Xinzheng city, Henan Province [n(%),()]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征未患NAFLD(n=46 409)患NAFLD(n=16 321)患病率(%)t值/χ2P
性别405.093<0.001
22 703(48.92)6 493(39.78)22.24
23 706(51.08)9 828(60.22)29.31
年龄(岁)70.02±6.7868.96±5.89-17.782<0.001
心率频率70.96±11.7871.62±11.466.206<0.001
BMI(kg/m224.67±3.2128.11±3.27117.224<0.001
腰围(cm)85.43±8.8091.24±8.8772.394<0.001
高血压269.500<0.001
18 790(40.49)5 421(33.21)22.39
27 619(59.51)10 900(66.79)28.30
FPG(mmol/L)5.88±1.866.46±2.1832.892<0.001
ALT(U/L)18.54±17.4721.43±16.3218.450<0.001
AST(U/L)23.05±9.1923.45±10.774.633<0.001
TG(mmol/L)1.38±0.701.78±0.8658.862<0.001
TC(mmol/L)4.88±1.015.08±1.0521.505<0.001
Non-HDL-C(mmol/L)3.46±0.953.77±1.0134.457<0.001
LDL-C(mmol/L)2.59±0.802.83±0.8631.903<0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L)1.42±0.351.32±0.32-33.027<0.001
RC(mmol/L)0.87±0.600.93±0.6311.717<0.001
RC五分位数分组194.069<0.001
Q19 504(20.48)2 964(18.16)23.77
Q29 504(20.48)3 300(20.22)25.77
Q39 578(20.64)2 986(18.30)23.77
Q49 087(19.58)3 249(19.91)26.34
Q58 736(18.82)3 822(23.43)30.43
吸烟267.501<0.001
从不吸烟39 786(85.73)14 808(90.73)27.13
吸烟或曾吸烟6 623(14.27)1 513(9.27)18.60
锻炼习惯23.145<0.001
31 958(93.32)10 335(91.99)24.44
2 286(6.68)900(8.01)28.25
), ArticleFig(id=1241680460602986516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

河南省新郑市60岁以上老年人群基本情况[n(%),()]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
特征未患NAFLD(n=46 409)患NAFLD(n=16 321)患病率(%)t值/χ2P
性别405.093<0.001
22 703(48.92)6 493(39.78)22.24
23 706(51.08)9 828(60.22)29.31
年龄(岁)70.02±6.7868.96±5.89-17.782<0.001
心率频率70.96±11.7871.62±11.466.206<0.001
BMI(kg/m224.67±3.2128.11±3.27117.224<0.001
腰围(cm)85.43±8.8091.24±8.8772.394<0.001
高血压269.500<0.001
18 790(40.49)5 421(33.21)22.39
27 619(59.51)10 900(66.79)28.30
FPG(mmol/L)5.88±1.866.46±2.1832.892<0.001
ALT(U/L)18.54±17.4721.43±16.3218.450<0.001
AST(U/L)23.05±9.1923.45±10.774.633<0.001
TG(mmol/L)1.38±0.701.78±0.8658.862<0.001
TC(mmol/L)4.88±1.015.08±1.0521.505<0.001
Non-HDL-C(mmol/L)3.46±0.953.77±1.0134.457<0.001
LDL-C(mmol/L)2.59±0.802.83±0.8631.903<0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L)1.42±0.351.32±0.32-33.027<0.001
RC(mmol/L)0.87±0.600.93±0.6311.717<0.001
RC五分位数分组194.069<0.001
Q19 504(20.48)2 964(18.16)23.77
Q29 504(20.48)3 300(20.22)25.77
Q39 578(20.64)2 986(18.30)23.77
Q49 087(19.58)3 249(19.91)26.34
Q58 736(18.82)3 822(23.43)30.43
吸烟267.501<0.001
从不吸烟39 786(85.73)14 808(90.73)27.13
吸烟或曾吸烟6 623(14.27)1 513(9.27)18.60
锻炼习惯23.145<0.001
31 958(93.32)10 335(91.99)24.44
2 286(6.68)900(8.01)28.25
), ArticleFig(id=1241680460753981471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Multivariate analysis of NAFLD among elderly people aged 60 and above in Xinzheng city, Henan Province

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
影响因素β Wald值POR值(95%CI
性别<0.001
1.000
0.5470.037218.3901.728(1.607~1.858)
年龄(岁)-0.0080.00215.296<0.0010.992 (0.988~0.996)
BMI0.3260.0063 328.555<0.0011.385(1.370~1.401)
腰围0.0580.004229.902<0.0011.060(1.052~1.068)
FPG0.0780.006177.819<0.0011.082(1.069~1.094)
TG0.3540.017450.767<0.0011.425(1.379~1.472)
TC-0.3930.04385.071<0.0010.675(0.621~0.734)
LDL-C0.6490.048181.420<0.0011.913(1.741~2.102)
RC0.4460.044102.483<0.0011.563(1.433~1.704)
锻炼习惯<0.001
1.000
0.1760.04714.0331.192(1.087~1.307)
), ArticleFig(id=1241680460930142246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

河南省新郑市60岁以上老年人群患NAFLD多因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
影响因素β Wald值POR值(95%CI
性别<0.001
1.000
0.5470.037218.3901.728(1.607~1.858)
年龄(岁)-0.0080.00215.296<0.0010.992 (0.988~0.996)
BMI0.3260.0063 328.555<0.0011.385(1.370~1.401)
腰围0.0580.004229.902<0.0011.060(1.052~1.068)
FPG0.0780.006177.819<0.0011.082(1.069~1.094)
TG0.3540.017450.767<0.0011.425(1.379~1.472)
TC-0.3930.04385.071<0.0010.675(0.621~0.734)
LDL-C0.6490.048181.420<0.0011.913(1.741~2.102)
RC0.4460.044102.483<0.0011.563(1.433~1.704)
锻炼习惯<0.001
1.000
0.1760.04714.0331.192(1.087~1.307)
), ArticleFig(id=1241680462519783468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

OR values of logistic analysis of correlation between RC and NAFLD in different models (95%CI)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
未调整模型模型1模型2模型3
1.185(1.152~1.219)1.214(1.176~1.254)1.083(1.047~1.121)1.563(1.433~1.704)
), ArticleFig(id=1241680462649806897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522852004942607, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同模型中RC与NAFLD相关性logistic分析[OR值(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
未调整模型模型1模型2模型3
1.185(1.152~1.219)1.214(1.176~1.254)1.083(1.047~1.121)1.563(1.433~1.704)
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残余胆固醇与老年非酒精性脂肪肝病相关性的研究
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程玉林 1 , 时松和 1 , 李皓洁 1 , 王俊杰 1 , 丁家成 1 , 耿硕基 1 , 范军星 2
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024,51(3): 385-389
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现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024, 51(3): 385-389
残余胆固醇与老年非酒精性脂肪肝病相关性的研究
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程玉林1, 时松和1 , 李皓洁1, 王俊杰1, 丁家成1, 耿硕基1, 范军星2
作者信息
  • 1.郑州大学公共卫生学院,河南 郑州 450000
  • 2.河南省卫生健康委员会统计信息中心
  • 程玉林(1996—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:医学数据管理与挖掘

通讯作者:

时松和,E-mail:
Study on the relationship between residual lipoprotein and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the elderly
Yu-lin CHENG1, Song-he SHI1 , Hao-jie LI1, Jun-jie WANG1, Jia-cheng DING1, Shuo-ji GENG1, Jun-xing FAN2
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
出版时间: 2024-02-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202308324
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目的

分析非酒精性脂肪肝病(NAFLD)的患病情况及其影响因素,探讨残余胆固醇(RC)在老年人NAFLD风险评估中的价值。

方法

选取2021年河南省新郑市60岁以上老年人为研究对象,收集一般资料、体格检查资料、实验室检查指标等结果。并通过SPSS 26.0软件、R 4.2.2进行t检验、χ2检验以及多因素logistic回归分析探讨RC在老年人群中NAFLD的风险评估作用。

结果

本研究共纳入62 730名老年人,NAFLD的患病率为26.02%。单因素分析中,随着RC的水平的增高,老年人群的患病率基本稳步升高,在第1五分位数组最低,第2五分位数组最高,分别为23.77%、30.43%。多因素logistic回归显示,女性患NAFLD的风险是男性的1.728倍(95%CI:1.607~1.858);年龄、BMI、腰围、FPG、TG、TC、LDL-C、RC数值的升高都会增加患NAFLD的风险。其中RC每升高一个单位,患病的风险就增加56.30%(95%CI:1.433~1.704),且在调整了混杂因素后,RC仍是NAFLD的危险因素。

结论

老年人群的NAFLD病患病率较高,RC与NAFLD存在独立相关关系。

非酒精性脂肪肝疾病  /  老年人群  /  残余胆固醇  /  影响因素
Objective

To analyze the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its influencing factors, and to explore the role of residual lipoprotein (RC) in risk assessment of NAFLD in the elderly.

Methods

The elderly over 60 years old in Xinzheng city, Henan Province in 2021 were selected as the research subjects, and the basic information, physical examination data, and laboratory indexes were collected. The role of RC in risk assessment of NAFLD in the elderly population was investigated by t test, χ2 test, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis with the use of SPSS 26.0 software and R4.2.2.

Results

A total of 62 730 elderly people were included in this study, and the prevalence rate of NAFLD was 26.02%. In univariate analysis, with the increase of RC level, the prevalence rate of the elderly population increased steadily, with the lowest in the first quartile and the highest in the second quartile (23.77% and 30.43%, respectively). Multivariate Logistic regression showed that the risk of NAFLD in women was 1.728 times higher than that in men (95%CI: 1.607-1.858), and the increase of age, BMI,waist circumference, fasting blood-glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), and RC increased the risk of NAFLD. For every unit increase in RC, the risk of disease increased by 56.30% (95%CI:1.433-1.704), and after adjusting for confounding factors, RC was still a risk factor for NAFLD.

Conclusion

The prevalence of NAFLD is high in the elderly, and there is an independent correlation between RC and NAFLD.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease  /  Elderly population  /  Residual lipoprotein  /  Influencing factors
程玉林, 时松和, 李皓洁, 王俊杰, 丁家成, 耿硕基, 范军星. 残余胆固醇与老年非酒精性脂肪肝病相关性的研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (3) : 385 -389 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202308324
Yu-lin CHENG, Song-he SHI, Hao-jie LI, Jun-jie WANG, Jia-cheng DING, Shuo-ji GENG, Jun-xing FAN. Study on the relationship between residual lipoprotein and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the elderly[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (3) : 385 -389 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202308324
非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)是一种与酒精无关的、以弥漫性肝细胞大泡性脂肪变为主要特征的一类临床病理综合征。NAFLD可从脂肪变性发展为非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、纤维化、肝硬化,容易发展为癌症,是目前最常见的慢性肝脏疾病[1]。近几十年来,随着肥胖的流行以及精制碳水化合物和饱和脂肪消费的增加,全球NAFLD发病率显着增加[2],全世界约有四分之一的成年人患有NAFLD,其中亚洲、北美和中东受NAFLD的影响最大[3]。调查显示,中国人群的患病率为1%~30%,中位患病率为10%,调查对象的年龄、性别、地理区域等因素不同,NAFLD患病率也不同[4],发病率具有显著的年龄相关性[5],流行病学调查结果显示,我国NAFLD患病率为20.09%,60岁以上的老年人群患病率高达44.43%[6],对老年患者身体健康将构成一定的威胁,然而对老年NAFLD的认识及其危害性并没有得到足够重视。
血脂异常是NAFLD公认的致病因素,已在多项流行病学和遗传学研究中得到证实,最近的一些证据表明,富含甘油三酯脂蛋白的残余胆固醇(remnant cholesterol, RC)与冠状动脉疾病、糖尿病并发症、高血压和慢性肾脏疾病风险增加有关[7]。在许多临床研究中也观察到与RC相关的不良心血管事件,2018年,Pastori等人[8]首次发现,在心脏代谢疾病患者中,较高水平的RC与NAFLD独立呈正相关。然而,目前关于RC与NAFLD关联的信息仍然有限。本研究的目的是探讨RC是否可用于评估老年人群中NAFLD的风险,为NAFLD的预防和治疗提供临床价值。
本研究是一项基于人群的横断面研究。数据来源于2021年新郑医院信息系统中居民的电子健康档案。居民电子健康档案主要包括人口学信息、体格检查和实验室测量三个组成部分。本研究的研究对象为60岁及以上的老年人,我们收集了研究对象性别、年龄、心率、吸烟、血压、腰围、体质指数(BMI)、空腹血糖(FPG)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、RC等信息。排除了缺失数据和异常值,最终,该研究包括62 730名研究对象,并取得所有研究对象的书面知情同意。
腹部超声用于诊断NAFLD。腹部超声手术由训练有素的技术人员执行,然后胃肠病学家检查超声图像,检测发现下述表象2个及以上时即可判断患有脂肪肝:(1)肝脏近场回声弥漫性增强,回声较肾脏强;(2)肝内管道结构欠清;(3)肝脏远场回声渐衰[7]。根据既往饮酒和用药史排除病毒性肝炎、自身免疫性肝病、遗传代谢性肝病、肠外营养及服用可导致肝脏脂肪变性药物(丙戊酸钠、胺碘酮、泼尼松等)、酒精引起的肝损伤后,被定义为NAFLD。
研究人群的统计数据(年龄和性别)、体育锻炼行为、人体测量参数(BMI、心率、以及腰围和血压状况等)由训练有素的医务人员通过标准化问卷收集和记录。关于吸烟状况,受试者根据吸烟史分为两类:非吸烟者,过去吸烟者与当前吸烟者。锻炼习惯分为两类:无锻炼习惯和有锻炼习惯。
空腹过夜后采集静脉血,采用全自动生化分析仪测定FPG、ALT、AST、TC、TG、HDL-C和LDL-C水平。使用修正的傅德瓦尔德方程计算非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(Non-HDL-C)的方法是TC-(HDL-C)[9];RC计算为TC-(HDL-C)-(LDL-C)[10]
采用SPSS 26.0、R 4.2.2统计软件数据进行整理和分析。分类变量以频数和百分比表示,组间比较采用χ2检验;符合正态分布的连续型变量以(平均值±标准差)来表示,组间比较采用t检验,不符合正态分布的连续型变量以中位数和上下四分位数表示,组间比较采用秩和检验。影响因素使用二元logistic回归模型分析,以是否患有NAFLD为因变量。检验水准α=0.05。
河南省新郑市62 730名≥60岁老年人中,共有16 321名老年人患有NAFLD,NAFLD的患病率为26.02%,调查人群最小年龄60岁,最大年龄109岁,平均年龄(69.74±6.58)岁。男性29 196人,占46.54%,女性33 534人,占53.46%,其中男性患病率为22.24%,女性患病率为29.31%。
NAFLD的患病率女性较高于男性(29.31% vs.22.24%),患病人数占比也远高于男性(60.22%vs.39.78%)。患NAFLD组的心率频率、BMI、腰围、FPG、ALT、AST、TG、TC、Non-HDL-C、LDL-C、RC的均值都高于未患NAFLD组。有高血压病的人群NAFLD患病率也高于无高血压病人群,而拥有健康生活方式(如不吸烟、有锻炼习惯)的人群患病率较高。
将研究的变量RC分为五分位数组,Q1(<0.37 mmol/L)、Q2(0.37~0.63 mmol/L)、Q3(0.63~0.91mmol/L)、Q4(0.91~1.32 mmol/L)、Q5(>1.32 mmol/L)。可以得到Q1组的患病率最低,为23.77%,Q5组的患病率最高,为30.43%。随着各组RC值的升高,可明显观察到NAFLD患病率上升的趋势,且呈正相关,各组间的差异具有统计学意义(χ2=194.069,P<0.001)。见表1
以是否患有NAFLD为因变量(0=未患病,1=患病),将上述比较中差异有统计学意义的因素作为自变量并赋值。经多因素logistic回归分析显示:女性与BMI、腰围、FPG、TG、LDL-C和RC的增加均为老年人群患有NAFLD的危险因素(P<0.05)。可看出RC每增加一个单位,患NAFLD的风险增加56.30%。见表2
在未调整模型中,RC与NAFLD风险之间存在显著正相关,OR值为1.185(95%CI:1.152~1.219,P<0.05)。在性别、年龄和BMI调整模型(模型1)中,RC与NAFLD的正相关性略强于未调整模型,且正相关趋势保持不变。在进一步调整性别、年龄、BMI、FPG、TG和腰围(模型2)后,它们之间的正相关程度略有变化,RC每增加一个单位,NAFLD的风险增加8.30%。最后,根据性别、年龄、BMI、FPG 、TG、腰围、ALT、AST、LDL-C、吸烟状况和锻炼习惯调整所有非共线协变量后(模型3),RC和NAFLD仍保持正相关,两者之间的相关性程度最强(OR=0.001)。见表3
迄今为止,NAFLD因其发病率、死亡率和一般人群的高患病率而对健康构成很大的风险[11]。NAFLD患者常伴肝区疼痛、乏力、食欲差等症状,如果没有及时治疗会发展为肝硬化和肝癌等后果,严重降低老年人生活质量[12]。血脂异常是NAFLD公认的致病因素,已在多项流行病学和遗传学研究中得到证实[13]。其中RC富含TG脂蛋白胆固醇,TG脂蛋白由乳糜微粒残余物、中密度脂蛋白和极低密度脂蛋白组成。在许多临床研究中也观察到与RC相关的不良心血管事件。据报道,高水平的RC与冠状动脉疾病、糖尿病并发症、高血压和慢性肾脏病的风险增加有关[14-17]
本研究阐明了RC是否可用于评估老年人群中NAFLD的风险,对NAFLD的临床预防和治疗价值非常有意义。本研究通过对河南省老年人性别、年龄、BMI、高血压、FPG、ALT、AST、TG、TC、LDL-C、RC、吸烟等因素比较,结果显示上述因素NAFLD患病率中差异均存在统计学意义,RC的五分位数组显示,NAFLD的患病率随着RC的升高呈现上升的趋势,Q1时最低,为23.77%,Q5时最高,达到了30.43%。在RC的调整模型回归分析中,显示随着调整模型纳入变量的不同,RC仍然是NAFLD的危险因素,在模型3中,RC每增加一个单位,患NAFLD的风险增加56.30%,结果说明所研究的老年人群中,随着RC水平的升高,NAFLD的患病率呈上升趋势。在Zou, Y等人[18]最近的一项基于一般人群研究中,调查了14 251名成年人,发现RC与NAFLD的严重程度之间存在相关性。这一结论在本研究中得到了验证。在王丽娜等人[19]的研究中,中青年男性的患病率高于女性。本研究中,老年男性患病率(22.24%)较老年女性患病率(29.31%)低,女性患NAFLD的危险性是男性的1.695倍,排除酒精引起的脂肪肝外,可能是老年女性绝大多数基本都已经处于绝经状态,雌激素水平大幅度降低,其保护作用下降有关[20]
多因素研究表明年龄增加是NAFLD的保护因素,随着年龄的增加,患NAFLD的危险性反而降低,原因很可能是大多数中国居民在60岁时已经达到退休年龄,他们可以有充足的时间和精力投入到健身活动中,促进身体健康。表明了不同年龄阶段预防NAFLD的关注点不同。本研究还显示BMI每升高一个单位,患病的概率就会增加38.50%,这提示了肥胖和患病有一定的关系,以往有研究表明,NAFLD与肥胖密切相关,据报道,肥胖患者的患病率高达80%,BMI正常且无代谢危险因素的个体仅占16%[21],是因为肥胖反映了一种全身性的促炎状态,具有代谢合并症(如NAFLD)的高风险,受脂肪组织分布的高度影响。在多因素分析中,腰围、FPG、TG、TC、LDL-C各指标都与NAFLD独立正相关,这一结论在其他多篇文章中皆有表明[19,22-24]。而吸烟的不良生活习惯在患病人群中的比例低于不患病人群,可能是此研究是横断面调查,只观察到现患老年人群的情况。人们在患病后会更加全面地了解到该疾病的危险性,因此注重自身健康的管理,防止疾病往更严重的方向发展。
本研究也存在一些局限性。由于本研究是横断面设计,需要在进一步的纵向研究中探索RC和NAFLD之间的因果关系。而且在这项研究中,根据超声波评估和诊断NAFLD,与肝活检相比,腹部超声可能对某些轻度肝脂肪变性不太敏感。在后续的研究中,需要对这几点进行探讨。
尽管NAFLD患病率较高,但大多数患者病情较轻,早期发现,及时干预对阻止病情发展至关重要[25]。通过这项研究可以看出,NAFLD的患病率不容忽视,体检是筛查的重要形式之一,医护人员也应该给予足够的关注,对老年人群加强个体化健康宣教,提高人们对NAFLD的认识,了解其危害,通过改变饮食结构和生活方式来降低NAFLD的发病率及病重率。
  • 国家重点研发计划重大慢性非传染性疾病防控研究(2017Y FC1307705)
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2024年第51卷第3期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202308324
  • 接收时间:2023-08-18
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-02-10
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-18
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国家重点研发计划重大慢性非传染性疾病防控研究(2017Y FC1307705)
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    1.郑州大学公共卫生学院,河南 郑州 450000
    2.河南省卫生健康委员会统计信息中心

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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species
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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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