Article(id=1241522847059866371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522846384583426, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202304340, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1681660800000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-17, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773931713118, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1707494400000, pubDateStr=2024-02-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773931713118, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773931713118, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931713118, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241522846384583426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='3', pageStart='385', pageEnd='576', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773931712956, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931842201, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241523388544504301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522846384583426, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241523388544504302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522846384583426, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=390, endPage=394, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241522847387022084, articleId=1241522847059866371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Effect of age combination on clinical pregnancy outcome in IVF-ET/ICSI at first fertility assessment: a multicenter retrospective cohort study, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the effects of age combinations and fertility assessment results on the clinical pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) / intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Methods

A retrospective cohort was established based on the data of 5 104 cycles of IVF-ET/ICSI transplantation from 11 assisted reproductive institutions in the east, central, and west regions. According to the age registered at the first fertility evaluation, the couples were divided into group A (female < 35, male < 40), group B (female < 35, male ≥ 40), group C (female ≥ 35, male < 40), and group D(female ≥ 35, male ≥ 40). The results of clinical pregnancy rate and first fertility among the four groups were compared by Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA.

Results

The clinical pregnancy rates of the four age groups treated with IVF-ET were 58.23%, 54.12%, 40.57%, and 30.70%, respectively (χ2=167.214, P < 0.001), and those of ICSI were 59.29%, 62.5%, 49.07%,and 34.31%, respectively (χ2=23.834, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate between the two treatments of IVF-ET/ICSI between group A and group B (χ2=0.574, PIVF-ET=0.449, χ2=0.099, PICSI=0.754) but the clinical pregnancy rate of group C was significantly higher than that of group D in the two treatments of IVF-ET/ICSI, which was (χ2=11.581, PIVF-ET=0.001; χ2=4.695, PICSI=0.03).

Conclusion

When the woman is less than 35 years old, the age of the man has no significant effect on the clinical pregnancy rate treated with IVF-ET/ICSI. When the woman is ≥ 35 years old, the clinical pregnancy rate of the man < 40 years old receiving IVF-ET/ICSI is significantly higher than that of the man ≥ 40 years old, which suggests that if the couple with fertility intention is in the age range of ≥ 35 years old for woman and < 40 years old for man, they should actively evaluate the fertility and choose the appropriate medical treatment plan in time.

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目的

探讨夫妇首诊生育力评估时登记的年龄组合和生育力评估结果对体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)/卵胞浆内单精子显微注射(intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)临床妊娠结局的影响。

方法

选取东、中、西11家辅助生殖机构IVF-ET/ICSI共5 104个移植周期的资料建立回顾性队列,依据夫妇首诊生育力评估时登记的年龄分组分析:A组(女方<35岁,男方<40岁)、B组(女方<35岁,男方≥40岁)、C组(女方≥35岁,男方<40岁)、D组(女方≥35岁,男方≥40岁)。采用χ2检验和单因素方差分析比较四组间临床妊娠率和首诊生育力评估结果。

结果

四个年龄组合IVF-ET治疗的临床妊娠率分别为58.23%、54.12%、40.57%、30.70%(χ2=167.214,P<0.001);ICSI治疗的临床妊娠率分别为59.29%、62.50%、49.07%、34.31%(χ2=23.834,P<0.001);A与B组间IVF-ET/ICSI两种治疗临床妊娠率的差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.574,PIVF-ET=0.449;χ2=0.099,PICSI=0.754);C组IVF-ET/ICSI两种治疗的临床妊娠率均显著高于D组(χ2=11.581,PIVF-ET=0.001;χ2=4.695,PICSI=0.03)。

结论

女方<35岁时,男方年龄对IVF-ET/ICSI治疗的临床妊娠率没有显著影响;女方≥35岁时,男方<40岁接受IVF-ET/ICSI治疗的临床妊娠率显著优于男方≥40岁的人群,这提示有生育意愿的夫妇若已处于女方≥35岁,男方<40岁的组合年龄区间时,应积极进行生育力评估并及时选择恰当的医学治疗方案。

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樊延军,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=GyIiWNSi2alBxaHOnoYsoA==, magXml=HRGU5tXBEKm+iMW77K0FCA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=C8LHXI6jfINUr0hz7RBFCg==, pdfFileSize=681407, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=W6I5YdOqmFSSLUjbWB9DbA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=6GwtBcTSnY3yc8jz+kSWCA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

包双明(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:生殖健康

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包双明(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:生殖健康

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Modern Preventive Medicine, 2021, 48(20): 3720-3724, 3753., articleTitle=Relationship between maternal age and adverse birth outcomes and inspiration for appropriate age of childbearing, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241680458191270721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, awardId=2018YFC1002101, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1002101), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241680450805101047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241680450813489657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, companyId=1241680450805101047, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Assisted Reproductive Technology Management, Matern al and Child Health Center, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100081, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241680450817683963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, companyId=1241680450805101047, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心辅助生殖技术管理部,北京 100081)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241680455225897700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Flowchart of data screening, figureFileSmall=dOltkJjuT/Mo5d+pHpuD0g==, figureFileBig=qpJY+vUj8Jva4I6ytUyPMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241680455334949608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=CN, label=图1, caption=数据筛选流程图, figureFileSmall=dOltkJjuT/Mo5d+pHpuD0g==, figureFileBig=qpJY+vUj8Jva4I6ytUyPMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241680455460778737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Regional distribution and number of transfer cycles of assisted reproductive clinics for inclusion in the analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区机构序号移植周期数(个)合计
东部11 5563 675
2970
3326
4299
5248
6190
745
841
中部9916916
西部10353513
11160
合计5 1045 104
), ArticleFig(id=1241680455569830647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

纳入分析的辅助生殖机构区域分布和移植周期数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区机构序号移植周期数(个)合计
东部11 5563 675
2970
3326
4299
5248
6190
745
841
中部9916916
西部10353513
11160
合计5 1045 104
), ArticleFig(id=1241680455674688254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Comparison of spouses’ general information by age combination groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量周期数
(个)
年龄组合[n(%)]F/χ2P
ABCD
男方BMIb过低或正常2 0811 549(42.68)37(33.94)295(36.51)200(35.84)19.291<0.001**
超重或肥胖3 0232 080(57.32)72(66.06)513(63.49)358(64.16)
女方BMI过低或正常3 6392 615(72.06)84(77.06)554(68.56)386(69.18)6.9750.073*
超重或肥胖1 4651 014(27.94)25(22.94)254(31.44)172(30.82)
男方吸烟史3 2032 280(63.49)69(63.89)505(63.20)349(63.45)0.0330.998*
1 8451 311(36.51)39(36.11)294(36.80)201(36.55)
不孕时间[月,()]ab5 10435.85±25.9444.48±33.3742.50±37.2844.76±46.6321.965<0.001**
), ArticleFig(id=1241680455783740168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组间夫妇一般情况比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量周期数
(个)
年龄组合[n(%)]F/χ2P
ABCD
男方BMIb过低或正常2 0811 549(42.68)37(33.94)295(36.51)200(35.84)19.291<0.001**
超重或肥胖3 0232 080(57.32)72(66.06)513(63.49)358(64.16)
女方BMI过低或正常3 6392 615(72.06)84(77.06)554(68.56)386(69.18)6.9750.073*
超重或肥胖1 4651 014(27.94)25(22.94)254(31.44)172(30.82)
男方吸烟史3 2032 280(63.49)69(63.89)505(63.20)349(63.45)0.0330.998*
1 8451 311(36.51)39(36.11)294(36.80)201(36.55)
不孕时间[月,()]ab5 10435.85±25.9444.48±33.3742.50±37.2844.76±46.6321.965<0.001**
), ArticleFig(id=1241680455896986384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comparison of spouses’ primary fertility assessment results by age combination groups [(),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量周期数(个)年龄组合F/χ2P
ABCD
AFC(个)bc5 1046±46±35±34±399.833<0.001**
AMH(ng/ml)b5 1044.32±5.033.81±3.252.67±4.292.16±7.7242.681<0.001**
精子浓度(106/ml)b4 23951.64±40.6749.15±40.0058.36±41.6362.05±42.8412.128<0.001**
精液量(ml)4 2393.38±1.723.24±1.643.15±1.543.15±2.025.0810.002**
精子计数(106个)4 239171.98±159.47153.91±138.14176.08±141.10183.95±144.891.3170.267*
精子活动率(%)4 23935.29±22.1529.96±22.4535.10±19.9133.47±21.132.4840.059*
技术类别IVF-ET4 3103 069(84.57)85(77.98)700(86.63)456(81.72)9.6080.022**
ICSI794560(15.43)24(22.02)108(13.37)102(18.28)
), ArticleFig(id=1241680456001843986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各组间夫妇生育力评估结果比较[(),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量周期数(个)年龄组合F/χ2P
ABCD
AFC(个)bc5 1046±46±35±34±399.833<0.001**
AMH(ng/ml)b5 1044.32±5.033.81±3.252.67±4.292.16±7.7242.681<0.001**
精子浓度(106/ml)b4 23951.64±40.6749.15±40.0058.36±41.6362.05±42.8412.128<0.001**
精液量(ml)4 2393.38±1.723.24±1.643.15±1.543.15±2.025.0810.002**
精子计数(106个)4 239171.98±159.47153.91±138.14176.08±141.10183.95±144.891.3170.267*
精子活动率(%)4 23935.29±22.1529.96±22.4535.10±19.9133.47±21.132.4840.059*
技术类别IVF-ET4 3103 069(84.57)85(77.98)700(86.63)456(81.72)9.6080.022**
ICSI794560(15.43)24(22.02)108(13.37)102(18.28)
), ArticleFig(id=1241680456144450332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Number of IVF-ET/ICSI transfer cycles, clinical pregnancy, and comparison by age combination groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄组合IVF-ETICSI合计
周期数
(个)
构成比
(%)
妊娠周期
数(个)
妊娠率
(%)
χ2P周期数
(个)
构成比
(%)
妊娠周期
数(个)
妊娠率
(%)
χ2P周期数
(个)
构成比
(%)
A3 06971.211 78758.23167.214<0.00156070.5333259.2923.834<0.0013 62971.10
B851.974654.12243.021562.501092.14
C70016.2428440.5710813.605349.0780815.83
D45610.5814030.7010212.853534.3155810.93
合计4 310100.002 25752.37794100.0043554.795 104100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241680456282862371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

各组间的IVF-ET/ICSI移植周期数、临床妊娠情况及比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄组合IVF-ETICSI合计
周期数
(个)
构成比
(%)
妊娠周期
数(个)
妊娠率
(%)
χ2P周期数
(个)
构成比
(%)
妊娠周期
数(个)
妊娠率
(%)
χ2P周期数
(个)
构成比
(%)
A3 06971.211 78758.23167.214<0.00156070.5333259.2923.834<0.0013 62971.10
B851.974654.12243.021562.501092.14
C70016.2428440.5710813.605349.0780815.83
D45610.5814030.7010212.853534.3155810.93
合计4 310100.002 25752.37794100.0043554.795 104100.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241680456383525673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Statistical results of pairwise comparison by age combination groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
技术类别年龄组合年龄组合[χ2P值)]
ABCD
IVF-ETA0.574(0.449)*71.777(<0.001)**121.378(<0.001)**
B5.708(0.017)**17.413(<0.001)**
C11.581(0.001)**
D
ICSIA0.099(0.754)*3.876(0.049)**21.780(<0.001)**
B1.417(0.234)*6.449(0.011)**
C4.695(0.03)**
D
), ArticleFig(id=1241680457889280815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522847059866371, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各组间两两比较的统计结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
技术类别年龄组合年龄组合[χ2P值)]
ABCD
IVF-ETA0.574(0.449)*71.777(<0.001)**121.378(<0.001)**
B5.708(0.017)**17.413(<0.001)**
C11.581(0.001)**
D
ICSIA0.099(0.754)*3.876(0.049)**21.780(<0.001)**
B1.417(0.234)*6.449(0.011)**
C4.695(0.03)**
D
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夫妇首诊生育力评估时年龄组合对IVF-ET/ICSI临床妊娠结局的影响——一项多中心回顾性队列研究
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包双明 , 王冬颖 , 白符 , 樊延军
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024,51(3): 390-394
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现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024, 51(3): 390-394
夫妇首诊生育力评估时年龄组合对IVF-ET/ICSI临床妊娠结局的影响——一项多中心回顾性队列研究
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包双明, 王冬颖, 白符, 樊延军
作者信息
  • 中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心辅助生殖技术管理部,北京 100081
  • 包双明(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:生殖健康

通讯作者:

樊延军,E-mail:
Effect of age combination on clinical pregnancy outcome in IVF-ET/ICSI at first fertility assessment: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Shuang-ming BAO, Dong-ying WANG, Fu BAI, Yan-jun FAN
Affiliations
  • Department of Assisted Reproductive Technology Management, Matern al and Child Health Center, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100081, China
出版时间: 2024-02-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202304340
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目的

探讨夫妇首诊生育力评估时登记的年龄组合和生育力评估结果对体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)/卵胞浆内单精子显微注射(intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)临床妊娠结局的影响。

方法

选取东、中、西11家辅助生殖机构IVF-ET/ICSI共5 104个移植周期的资料建立回顾性队列,依据夫妇首诊生育力评估时登记的年龄分组分析:A组(女方<35岁,男方<40岁)、B组(女方<35岁,男方≥40岁)、C组(女方≥35岁,男方<40岁)、D组(女方≥35岁,男方≥40岁)。采用χ2检验和单因素方差分析比较四组间临床妊娠率和首诊生育力评估结果。

结果

四个年龄组合IVF-ET治疗的临床妊娠率分别为58.23%、54.12%、40.57%、30.70%(χ2=167.214,P<0.001);ICSI治疗的临床妊娠率分别为59.29%、62.50%、49.07%、34.31%(χ2=23.834,P<0.001);A与B组间IVF-ET/ICSI两种治疗临床妊娠率的差异均无统计学意义(χ2=0.574,PIVF-ET=0.449;χ2=0.099,PICSI=0.754);C组IVF-ET/ICSI两种治疗的临床妊娠率均显著高于D组(χ2=11.581,PIVF-ET=0.001;χ2=4.695,PICSI=0.03)。

结论

女方<35岁时,男方年龄对IVF-ET/ICSI治疗的临床妊娠率没有显著影响;女方≥35岁时,男方<40岁接受IVF-ET/ICSI治疗的临床妊娠率显著优于男方≥40岁的人群,这提示有生育意愿的夫妇若已处于女方≥35岁,男方<40岁的组合年龄区间时,应积极进行生育力评估并及时选择恰当的医学治疗方案。

首次生育力评估  /  年龄组合  /  妊娠结局  /  体外受精-胚胎移植  /  卵胞浆内单精子显微注射
Objective

To investigate the effects of age combinations and fertility assessment results on the clinical pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) / intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Methods

A retrospective cohort was established based on the data of 5 104 cycles of IVF-ET/ICSI transplantation from 11 assisted reproductive institutions in the east, central, and west regions. According to the age registered at the first fertility evaluation, the couples were divided into group A (female < 35, male < 40), group B (female < 35, male ≥ 40), group C (female ≥ 35, male < 40), and group D(female ≥ 35, male ≥ 40). The results of clinical pregnancy rate and first fertility among the four groups were compared by Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA.

Results

The clinical pregnancy rates of the four age groups treated with IVF-ET were 58.23%, 54.12%, 40.57%, and 30.70%, respectively (χ2=167.214, P < 0.001), and those of ICSI were 59.29%, 62.5%, 49.07%,and 34.31%, respectively (χ2=23.834, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rate between the two treatments of IVF-ET/ICSI between group A and group B (χ2=0.574, PIVF-ET=0.449, χ2=0.099, PICSI=0.754) but the clinical pregnancy rate of group C was significantly higher than that of group D in the two treatments of IVF-ET/ICSI, which was (χ2=11.581, PIVF-ET=0.001; χ2=4.695, PICSI=0.03).

Conclusion

When the woman is less than 35 years old, the age of the man has no significant effect on the clinical pregnancy rate treated with IVF-ET/ICSI. When the woman is ≥ 35 years old, the clinical pregnancy rate of the man < 40 years old receiving IVF-ET/ICSI is significantly higher than that of the man ≥ 40 years old, which suggests that if the couple with fertility intention is in the age range of ≥ 35 years old for woman and < 40 years old for man, they should actively evaluate the fertility and choose the appropriate medical treatment plan in time.

First fertility assessment  /  Age combination  /  Pregnancy outcome  /  In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer  /  Intracytoplasmic sperm microinjection
包双明, 王冬颖, 白符, 樊延军. 夫妇首诊生育力评估时年龄组合对IVF-ET/ICSI临床妊娠结局的影响——一项多中心回顾性队列研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (3) : 390 -394 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202304340
Shuang-ming BAO, Dong-ying WANG, Fu BAI, Yan-jun FAN. Effect of age combination on clinical pregnancy outcome in IVF-ET/ICSI at first fertility assessment: a multicenter retrospective cohort study[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (3) : 390 -394 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202304340
目前,人类辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)已经被全球广泛应用于不孕不育的临床治疗。2016年我国大陆地区323家获批开展人类辅助生殖技术的医疗机构(简称辅助生殖机构)开展的技术周期总数是906 840个,其中体外受精-胚胎移植(in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer,IVF-ET)取卵周期375 770个,卵胞浆内单精子显微注射(intracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)取卵周期154 948个。2018年欧洲1 422家辅助生殖机构开展的技术周期总数是1 007 598个,其中IVF-ET启动周期162 837个,ICSI启动周期400 375个。在上述年度的报道中,我国和欧洲开展的IVF-ET和ICSI周期数之和均已超过了ART周期总数的一半,是最常应用的两种技术[1-2]。因此有必要关注接受IVF-ET/ICSI两种治疗的夫妇在首诊生育力评估时的人群特征、生育力评估结果和治疗结局间的关系。
对接受ART的人群特征与治疗结局的研究中,全球范围内对年龄因素展开的研究较多,既往研究显示[3-4],男方>40岁,女方>35岁IVF-ET临床妊娠率会降低。然而在已发表的文献中,多数研究是围绕一方年龄(女方或男方年龄)对ART妊娠结局的影响展开的[3,5],探讨夫妇年龄组合对ART妊娠结局影响的研究较少,而在我国,ART只能应用于已婚夫妇,因此,在我国有必要探讨夫妇的年龄组合对ART治疗结局的影响。
除夫妇年龄组合以外,生育力评估结果和其它相关的影响因素也对IVF-ET/ICSI治疗结局也有一定影响[5-8]。因此本研究利用2016—2021年我国东、中、西11家辅助生殖机构夫妇首诊生育力评估数据库的汇总数据进行分析,探索夫妇年龄组合和首诊生育力评估结果对IVF-ET/ICSI临床妊娠结局的影响。
数据来自“育龄人群生育力低下发病情况及干预现状分析”课题汇总的多中心夫妇首诊生育力评估数据库(简称数据库),该数据库由13家(东部9家、中部2家、西部2家)辅助生殖机构采集的2010—2021年16 356对夫妇的人群特征、首诊生育力评估结果及随访数据构成。数据库中所包含的机构在区域水平选择上,与我国辅助生殖机构整体的分布即东部地区多,中、西部地区少[9]保持一致。
数据库中各机构采集的样本条目数分布(东部10 432对,中、西部5 924对)也和我国ART开展周期数东部地区多,中、西部地区少的现况一致[1]。数据库在机构区域分布和技术服务情况两方面均具有代表性。
本次研究采用回顾性队列研究,结局变量设定为临床妊娠,纳入临床妊娠须符合以下定义:通过超声观察到一个或多个妊娠囊或有明确的临床体征诊断的妊娠,包括异位妊娠。数据库中共有16 356对夫妇的资料,剔除非IVF-ET/ICSI治疗9 602对;剔除失访、生育力评估资料不完整、存在逻辑错误、异常值1 219对;剔除未取精、未获卵、未受精、无可用胚胎、未移植、移植状态不明确431对。最终纳入2016年2月16日—2021年5月17日在11家辅助生殖机构首诊,进行生育力评估并行IVF-ET/ICSI治疗,资料完整以及随访结局明确的夫妇资料,共5 104个IVF-ET/ICSI移植周期作为研究对象。研究实施过程已通过中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心伦理委员会审批(编号:FY2018-31),见图1表1
根据本课题此前的研究[10],参与课题的各辅助生殖机构在生育力评估内容和检测方法等方面具有较高的一致性,具备数据整合研究的可行性。纳入本研究的变量包括以下几个方面:
(1)一般资料:年龄、身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、男方吸烟史、不孕时间。因多种生活方式均会影响BMI,BMI是多因素综合作用的显性结果,因此作为生活方式的指示性指标。首诊时登记的不孕时间与有生育意愿夫妇就诊的积极程度相关,因此作为就医态度的指示性指标。
(2)生育力评估:女方指标是窦卵泡数(antral follicle count,AFC)和抗苗勒管激素(anti-mullerian hormone,AMH);男方指标是精子浓度、精液量、精子计数和精子活动率。
(3)技术类别:IVF-ET/ICSI。
根据夫妇首诊生育力评估时登记的年龄分为4个年龄组合,分别是A组(女方<35岁,男方<40岁)、B组(女方<35岁,男方≥40岁)、C组(女方≥35岁,男方<40岁)、D组(女方≥35岁,男方≥40岁)。
采用SPSS 22.0进行统计学分析,计量资料采用()进行描述,计数资料采用率或构成比(%)进行描述。组间比较时,计量资料采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用SNK检验;计数资料采用χ2检验,进一步两两比较时采用卡方分割法。采用双侧检验,检验水准α=0.05。
分析显示,男方BMI超重或肥胖的比例四组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),且A组为57.32%,低于D组的64.16%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男方有吸烟史在各组中的构成比相似(P=0.998);女方BMI超重或肥胖的构成比普遍低于男方,B组最小为22.94%,但四组间差异没有统计学意义(P=0.073);不孕时间A组最小为(35.85±25.94)月,D组最大为(44.76±46.63)月,四组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。见表2
女方评估结果显示,四组间AFC差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),A组(6±4)个,D组(4±3)个,A与D组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);四组的AMH值分别是(4.32±5.03)、(3.81±3.25)、(2.67±4.29)、(2.16±7.72),组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),A与D组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男方评估结果显示,D组精子浓度最高,为(62.05±42.84)106/ml,四组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);A组精液量最高,为(3.38±1.72)ml,四组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.002);精子计数和精子活动率在四组间差异无统计学意义(P精子计数=0.267,P精子活动率=0.059)。见表3
本研究共纳入5 104个移植周期,在4 310个IVF-ET移植周期中,成功妊娠周期数是2 257个,总体临床妊娠率为52.37%,A、B、C、D组的临床妊娠率分别为58.23%、54.12%、40.57%、30.70%,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。经两两比较发现,A与B组间临床妊娠率差异无统计学意义(P=0.449),C组临床妊娠率高于D组(P=0.001),A与C组间、B与D组间临床妊娠率差异均有统计学意义(PA/C<0.001,PB/D<0.001)。见表45
在794个ICSI移植周期中,成功妊娠周期数是435个,总体临床妊娠率为54.79%,A、B、C、D组的临床妊娠率分别为59.29%、62.50%、49.07%、34.31%,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。经两两比较发现,A与B组间临床妊娠率差异无统计学意义(P=0.754);C组临床妊娠率高于D组(P=0.03),A与C组间、B与D组间临床妊娠率差异有统计学意义(PA/C=0.049,PB/D=0.011)。见表45
对ART助孕的人群研究显示[5],女性年龄是ART妊娠结局的独立影响因素,这可能与卵子的数量和质量、受精能力、可用胚胎数量等因素相关。女性在30岁后生育能力呈下降趋势。女性年龄大于35岁之后,卵巢储备功能下降,在行ART治疗时,获卵数减少。动物和人体研究均显示[11],随着年龄增大,卵细胞内的减数分裂-特异性内聚体亚单位(REC8和SMC1B)减少,内聚蛋白水平降低,导致卵细胞在减数分裂过程中染色体分离错误,形成非整倍体胚胎。关于女性年龄对卵细胞的影响还在不断探索中。
实施IVF-ET/ICSI两种治疗时,D组临床妊娠率均约降至A组的50%,35岁及以上人群的临床妊娠率小于35岁以下人群,与叶圆圆等人[5]的研究结果相似。高龄对生育的负面影响是复杂而深远的,不仅会导致ART临床妊娠率的下降,还会导致流产率升高,活产率降低,妊娠并发症发生风险增高。此外,相比于高龄自然妊娠,经ART助孕高龄患者的后代可能在心血管疾病、2型糖尿病和神经管畸形等方面风险增加。
C组临床妊娠率显著高于D组,则在女方≥35岁时,男方年龄对于IVF-ET/ICSI治疗的临床妊娠结局有显著影响,这在已发表的文献中报道较少。分析这两个年龄组合的精液常规参数发现,D组相较于C组,精子计数略高,精子活动率略低,但均无统计学意义,且D组治疗方案大部分(81.72%)为IVF-ET,说明男方≥40岁时,大部分男性的精液仍适用于IVF-ET治疗。另有研究显示[12],即使精子参数发生改变,在接受IVF-ET治疗的夫妇中,男方少、弱精子症并不影响临床妊娠率。本研究所应用的精液常规参数并不能解释两组临床妊娠率的差异。除了精液常规参数外,男性生育力评估指标还有很多,如精子DNA完整性、精子顶体酶活性和精子顶体反应等等[13],但本研究未纳入,这些相关指标或许可以解释差异,需进一步深入的研究。
生活方式也是IVF-ET/ICSI妊娠结局的影响因素之一,分析BMI发现各组中女方超重或肥胖的比例在22%~32%之间,而男方均高于55%,这提示在本研究的人群中,男女双方在各年龄段均存在相当比例的肥胖问题,其中男方的肥胖问题更为突出。成人肥胖不仅影响本人的生殖系统健康,还可涉及全身多系统的疾病;超重或肥胖可能会对IVF的正常受精率、可用胚胎率和高质量胚胎率产生不利影响[8];孕前肥胖和孕期增重过多会增加子代儿童期肥胖、心血管和代谢疾病的风险。
分析男性吸烟史发现,各年龄组合中均有约1/3的比例男性有吸烟史,提示在各年龄阶段男性吸烟者的人数仍较多。男性吸烟会对IVF-ET助孕结局产生不利影响。孕妇被动吸烟的主要场所是公共场所、工作环境及家庭。丈夫吸烟的孕妇被动吸烟率远高于普通孕妇。女性怀孕前后被动吸烟会增加生育神经管缺陷患儿的风险,且随着被动吸烟频次的增加,生育神经管缺陷患儿的风险增加[14]
综上所述,女方<35岁时,男方年龄对IVF-ET/ICSI治疗的临床妊娠结局没有显著影响;女方≥35岁时,男方<40岁接受IVF-ET/ICSI治疗的临床妊娠结局显著优于男方≥40岁的人群,提示有生育意愿的夫妇若已处于女方≥35岁,男方<40岁的组合年龄区间时,应积极进行生育力评估并及时选择恰当的医学治疗方案。鼓励有生育意愿的夫妇适龄生育[15],孕前夫妇双方体重管理及孕期体重管理对孕妇和子代均有重要意义,建议有生育意愿的夫妇应尽早戒烟并保持适宜体重,为优生优孕做好充足的准备。
  • 国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1002101)
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202304340
  • 接收时间:2023-04-17
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-02-10
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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-17
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国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1002101)
作者信息
    中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心辅助生殖技术管理部,北京 100081

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樊延军,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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