Article(id=1241522772166366167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522764012647140, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202307397, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1690041600000, receivedDateStr=2023-07-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773931695262, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1704816000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773931695262, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773931695262, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931695262, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241522764012647140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='192', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773931693318, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931808852, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241523248643494379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522764012647140, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241523248643494380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522764012647140, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=133, endPage=137, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241522772619350022, articleId=1241522772166366167, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Study on the relationship between leisure life style and health of the elderly, columnId=1228016572451718132, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health and Social Behavior, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To investigate the correlation model between 8 kinds of leisure activities and 8 physical and mental health indexes of the elderly.
Methods Outcome-wide analysis was performed based on 15 771 samples aged over 65 years old from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) data in 2018.
Results Lack of housework increased the risk of cognitive impairment (RR=1.892, 95%CI: 1.666-2.148), physical function (RR=1.323, 95%CI: 1.228-1.425), and activity of daily living (ADL) disability (RR=5.004, 95%CI: 4.159-6.019) in the elderly. Feeding activity was associated with mental health, but lack of feeding activity increased the risk of instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) disability (RR=1.279, 95%CI: 1.180-1.387), while the association with disease risk was not robust (E=1.322, CI=1.185). In terms of cognitive activities, less friends talk was associated with higher risk of cognitive impairment (RR=1.214, 95%CI: 1.061-1.390); reading activities were only related to cognitive function (RR=1.413, 95%CI: 1.123-1.778); playing cards/mahjong was related to depression (β=-0.043,-0.868 to -0.237) and cognitive function (RR=1.752, 95%CI: 1.387-2.212). Watching TV was significantly correlated with emotional health, depression, anxiety, cognitive function, ADL, and physical function.
Conclusion Leisure activities are beneficial to maintain and promote the physical and mental health and physical function of the elderly, and cognitive activities are beneficial to maintain and improve the cognitive function and mental health of the elderly. Physical activity is more effective in improving living ability and physical function.
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目的 考察八类休闲活动与老年人八个身心健康指标的关联模式。
方法 根据2018年CLHLS数据的65岁以上15 771个样本数据进行outcome-wide分析。
结果 缺少家务活动增加老人认知功能受损(RR=1.892,95%CI: 1.666 ~2.148)、身体功能(RR=1.323,95%CI: 1.228 ~ 1.425)、ADL失能(RR=5.004,95%CI: 4.159 ~ 6.019)风险;饲养活动与心理健康相关,但缺少会增加IADL失能风险(RR=1.279,95%CI: 1.180 ~ 1.387),而与患病风险关联并不稳健(E=1.322,CI=1.185)。认知活动上,朋友交谈少,认知功能受损风险更高(RR=1.214,95%CI: 1.061 ~ 1.390);阅读活动仅与认知功能相关(RR=1.413,95%CI: 1.123 ~ 1.778 );打牌/麻将与抑郁(β=-0.043,95%CI: -0.868 ~ -0.237)、认知功能(RR=1.752,95%CI:1.387 ~ 2.212)相关;看电视活动则与情绪健康、抑郁、焦虑、认知功能、ADL、身体功能六项健康指标显著关联。
结论 休闲活动有利于维护和促进老人身心健康和身体功能,认知活动有利于维持和改善老年人认知功能和心理健康,但在提高生活能力和身体功能方面,身体活动的效果更为显著。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=zOUEAHUsamJML0FLWNIgeA==, magXml=y0txsCL+gPlCVCNpT7n7Ig==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=vyvh6Zf9d2aml4bkZUY/9A==, pdfFileSize=666611, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=XFiSuRVa4WvKwm/KmYSdjA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
何福逵(1998—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生政策与管理
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1.湖北医药学院卫生管理与卫生事业发展研究中心,湖北 十堰 442000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241677619050115945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522772166366167, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241677619066893163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522772166366167, companyId=1241677619050115945, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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Basic descriptive statistics of the research subjects
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 总人群 | 男 | 女 | P 值 |
|---|
| 年龄(岁) | | | | <0.001 |
| ≤85 | 7 981(50.6) | 3 976 (57.9 ) | 4 005 (45.0 ) | |
| >85 | 7 790(49.4) | 2 893 (42.1 ) | 4 897 (55.0 ) | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | <0.001 |
| 未在婚 | 9 452(59.9) | 2 984 (44.1 ) | 6 468 (73.9 ) | |
| 在婚 | 6 065(38.5) | 3 777 (55.9 ) | 2 288 (26.1 ) | |
| 教育水平 | | | | <0.001 |
| 未受过教育 | 6 790(43.1) | 1 574 (27.4 ) | 5 216 (67.7 ) | |
| 受过教育 | 6 647(42.1) | 4 164 (72.6 ) | 2 483 (32.3 ) | |
| 年收入(元) | | | | 0.002 |
| ≤20 000 | 5 167(32.8) | 2 314 (46.5 ) | 2 853 (43.6 ) | |
| >20 000 | 6 358(40.3) | 2 667 (53.5 ) | 3 691 (56.4 ) | |
| 情绪健康 | | 14.85 ± 3.39 | 15.17 ± 3.47 | <0.001 |
| 抑郁评分 | | 34.82 ± 5.54 | 33.68 ± 5.79 | <0.001 |
| 焦虑评分 | | 1.15 ± 2.46 | 1.67 ± 3.07 | <0.001 |
| 认知功能 | | | | <0.001 |
| 正常 | 10 006(63.4) | 5 126 (77.1 ) | 4 880 (58.9 ) | |
| 受损 | 4 938(31.3) | 1 526 (22.9 ) | 3 412 (41.1 ) | |
| ADL | | | | <0.001 |
| 正常 | 11 030(69.9) | 5 256 (80.1 ) | 5 774 (68.3 ) | |
| 受损 | 3 980(25.2) | 1 305 (19.9 ) | 2 675 (31.7 ) | |
| IADL | | | | <0.001 |
| 正常 | 5 055(32.1) | 2 946 (43.5 ) | 2 109 (24.0 ) | |
| 受损 | 10 493(66.5) | 3 828 (56.5 ) | 6 665 (76.0 ) | |
| 身体功能 | | | | <0.001 |
| 正常 | 6 855(43.5) | 3 538 (56.4 ) | 3 317 (43.1 ) | |
| 受限 | 7 106(45.1) | 2 734 (43.6 ) | 4 372 (56.9 ) | |
| 慢性病 | | | | 0.017 |
| 否 | 2 456(15.6) | 1 017 (18.5 ) | 1 439 (20.2 ) | |
| 是 | 10 142(64.3) | 4 472 (81.5 ) | 5 670 (79.8 ) | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677625559674961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522772166366167, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
研究对象描述统计
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 总人群 | 男 | 女 | P 值 |
|---|
| 年龄(岁) | | | | <0.001 |
| ≤85 | 7 981(50.6) | 3 976 (57.9 ) | 4 005 (45.0 ) | |
| >85 | 7 790(49.4) | 2 893 (42.1 ) | 4 897 (55.0 ) | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | <0.001 |
| 未在婚 | 9 452(59.9) | 2 984 (44.1 ) | 6 468 (73.9 ) | |
| 在婚 | 6 065(38.5) | 3 777 (55.9 ) | 2 288 (26.1 ) | |
| 教育水平 | | | | <0.001 |
| 未受过教育 | 6 790(43.1) | 1 574 (27.4 ) | 5 216 (67.7 ) | |
| 受过教育 | 6 647(42.1) | 4 164 (72.6 ) | 2 483 (32.3 ) | |
| 年收入(元) | | | | 0.002 |
| ≤20 000 | 5 167(32.8) | 2 314 (46.5 ) | 2 853 (43.6 ) | |
| >20 000 | 6 358(40.3) | 2 667 (53.5 ) | 3 691 (56.4 ) | |
| 情绪健康 | | 14.85 ± 3.39 | 15.17 ± 3.47 | <0.001 |
| 抑郁评分 | | 34.82 ± 5.54 | 33.68 ± 5.79 | <0.001 |
| 焦虑评分 | | 1.15 ± 2.46 | 1.67 ± 3.07 | <0.001 |
| 认知功能 | | | | <0.001 |
| 正常 | 10 006(63.4) | 5 126 (77.1 ) | 4 880 (58.9 ) | |
| 受损 | 4 938(31.3) | 1 526 (22.9 ) | 3 412 (41.1 ) | |
| ADL | | | | <0.001 |
| 正常 | 11 030(69.9) | 5 256 (80.1 ) | 5 774 (68.3 ) | |
| 受损 | 3 980(25.2) | 1 305 (19.9 ) | 2 675 (31.7 ) | |
| IADL | | | | <0.001 |
| 正常 | 5 055(32.1) | 2 946 (43.5 ) | 2 109 (24.0 ) | |
| 受损 | 10 493(66.5) | 3 828 (56.5 ) | 6 665 (76.0 ) | |
| 身体功能 | | | | <0.001 |
| 正常 | 6 855(43.5) | 3 538 (56.4 ) | 3 317 (43.1 ) | |
| 受限 | 7 106(45.1) | 2 734 (43.6 ) | 4 372 (56.9 ) | |
| 慢性病 | | | | 0.017 |
| 否 | 2 456(15.6) | 1 017 (18.5 ) | 1 439 (20.2 ) | |
| 是 | 10 142(64.3) | 4 472 (81.5 ) | 5 670 (79.8 ) | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677625719058523, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522772166366167, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Correlation analysis of leisure activities and mental health of the elderly
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 项目a | 情绪健康 | 抑郁得分 | 焦虑得分 |
|---|
| β(95%CI) | P值 | β(95%CI) | P值 | β(95%CI) | P值 |
|---|
| 家务活动 | 0.043 (0.154~0.559) | 0.001 | -0.041 (-0.867~-0.243) | 0.001 | 0.015 (-0.055~0.260) | 0.200 |
| 朋友交谈 | -0.003 (-0.235~0.194) | 0.854 | 0.001 (-0.316~0.336) | 0.951 | 0.032 (0.041~0.367) | 0.014b |
| 户外活动 | -0.036 (-0.441~-0.069) | 0.007b | 0.016 (-0.112~0.484) | 0.221 | -0.014 (-0.220~0.067) | 0.296 |
| 园艺活动 | 0.086 (0.457~0.899) | <0.001 | -0.093 (-1.539~-0.847) | <0.001 | 0.017 (-0.041~0.259) | 0.154 |
| 阅读书报 | 0.028 (-0.011~0.440) | 0.063 | -0.025 (-0.645~0.038) | 0.081 | 0.008 (-0.104~0.205) | 0.522 |
| 饲养家畜 | -0.053 (-0.597~-0.168) | 0.001 | 0.038 (0.134~0.770) | 0.005 | -0.047 (-0.434~-0.109) | 0.001 |
| 打牌麻将 | 0.013 (-0.117~0.320) | 0.364 | -0.043 (-0.868~-0.237) | 0.001 | 0.022 (0.003~0.283) | 0.045b |
| 看电视 | 0.054 (0.287~0.807) | <0.001 | -0.064 (-1.465~-0.641) | <0.001 | 0.076 (0.354~0.869) | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677625882636384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522772166366167, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
休闲活动与心理健康的关联分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 项目a | 情绪健康 | 抑郁得分 | 焦虑得分 |
|---|
| β(95%CI) | P值 | β(95%CI) | P值 | β(95%CI) | P值 |
|---|
| 家务活动 | 0.043 (0.154~0.559) | 0.001 | -0.041 (-0.867~-0.243) | 0.001 | 0.015 (-0.055~0.260) | 0.200 |
| 朋友交谈 | -0.003 (-0.235~0.194) | 0.854 | 0.001 (-0.316~0.336) | 0.951 | 0.032 (0.041~0.367) | 0.014b |
| 户外活动 | -0.036 (-0.441~-0.069) | 0.007b | 0.016 (-0.112~0.484) | 0.221 | -0.014 (-0.220~0.067) | 0.296 |
| 园艺活动 | 0.086 (0.457~0.899) | <0.001 | -0.093 (-1.539~-0.847) | <0.001 | 0.017 (-0.041~0.259) | 0.154 |
| 阅读书报 | 0.028 (-0.011~0.440) | 0.063 | -0.025 (-0.645~0.038) | 0.081 | 0.008 (-0.104~0.205) | 0.522 |
| 饲养家畜 | -0.053 (-0.597~-0.168) | 0.001 | 0.038 (0.134~0.770) | 0.005 | -0.047 (-0.434~-0.109) | 0.001 |
| 打牌麻将 | 0.013 (-0.117~0.320) | 0.364 | -0.043 (-0.868~-0.237) | 0.001 | 0.022 (0.003~0.283) | 0.045b |
| 看电视 | 0.054 (0.287~0.807) | <0.001 | -0.064 (-1.465~-0.641) | <0.001 | 0.076 (0.354~0.869) | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677626016854115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522772166366167, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Correlation analysis of leisure activities and physical health of the elderly
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| 项目a | 认知功能 | ADL | IADL | 身体功能 | NCDs |
|---|
| RR(95%CI) | P值 | RR(95%CI) | P值 | RR(95%CI) | P值 | RR(95%CI) | P值 | RR(95%CI) | P值 |
|---|
| 家务活动 | 1.892 (1.666~2.148) | <0.001 | 5.004 (4.159~6.019) | <0.001 | 1.572 (1.478~1.671) | <0.001 | 1.323 (1.228~1.425) | <0.001 | 1.027 (0.992~1.064) | 0.134 |
| 朋友交谈 | 1.214 (1.061~1.390) | 0.005 | 1.835 (1.554~2.167) | <0.001 | 1.083 (1.014~1.156) | 0.017b | 1.064 (0.986~1.149) | 0.112 | 1.006 (0.976~1.038) | 0.683 |
| 户外活动 | 1.226 (1.042~1.443) | 0.014b | 0.996 (0.813~1.220) | 0.969 | 1.077 (1.002~1.159) | 0.045 | 0.983 (0.906~1.066) | 0.678 | 1.007 (0.979~1.035) | 0.651 |
| 园艺活动 | 1.085 (0.888~1.324) | 0.425 | 1.285 (0.988~1.672) | 0.062 | 1.039 (0.953~1.134) | 0.384 | 0.978 (0.892~1.073) | 0.644 | 0.966 (0.939~0.994) | 0.019b |
| 阅读书报 | 1.413 (1.123~1.778) | 0.003 | 1.113 (0.886~1.399) | 0.356 | 1.114 (1.015~1.223) | 0.023b | 1.102 (0.997~1.217) | 0.057 | 0.980 (0.947~1.013) | 0.233 |
| 饲养家畜 | 1.052 (0.891~1.241) | 0.550 | 1.661 (1.265~2.180) | <0.001 | 1.279 (1.180~1.387) | <0.001 | 1.015 (0.935~1.102) | 0.724 | 1.063 (1.025~1.101) | 0.001 |
| 打牌麻将 | 1.752 (1.387~2.212) | <0.001 | 1.612 (1.194~2.178) | 0.002 | 1.284 (1.171~1.409) | <0.001 | 1.035 (0.943~1.136) | 0.466 | 0.997 (0.965~1.031) | 0.871 |
| 看电视 | 1.529 (1.341~1.744) | <0.001 | 1.254 (1.081~1.455) | 0.003 | 1.048 (0.979~1.121) | 0.175 | 1.142 (1.055~1.237) | 0.001 | 0.955 (0.918~0.994) | 0.023b |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677626146877545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522772166366167, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
休闲活动与身体健康的关联分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 项目a | 认知功能 | ADL | IADL | 身体功能 | NCDs |
|---|
| RR(95%CI) | P值 | RR(95%CI) | P值 | RR(95%CI) | P值 | RR(95%CI) | P值 | RR(95%CI) | P值 |
|---|
| 家务活动 | 1.892 (1.666~2.148) | <0.001 | 5.004 (4.159~6.019) | <0.001 | 1.572 (1.478~1.671) | <0.001 | 1.323 (1.228~1.425) | <0.001 | 1.027 (0.992~1.064) | 0.134 |
| 朋友交谈 | 1.214 (1.061~1.390) | 0.005 | 1.835 (1.554~2.167) | <0.001 | 1.083 (1.014~1.156) | 0.017b | 1.064 (0.986~1.149) | 0.112 | 1.006 (0.976~1.038) | 0.683 |
| 户外活动 | 1.226 (1.042~1.443) | 0.014b | 0.996 (0.813~1.220) | 0.969 | 1.077 (1.002~1.159) | 0.045 | 0.983 (0.906~1.066) | 0.678 | 1.007 (0.979~1.035) | 0.651 |
| 园艺活动 | 1.085 (0.888~1.324) | 0.425 | 1.285 (0.988~1.672) | 0.062 | 1.039 (0.953~1.134) | 0.384 | 0.978 (0.892~1.073) | 0.644 | 0.966 (0.939~0.994) | 0.019b |
| 阅读书报 | 1.413 (1.123~1.778) | 0.003 | 1.113 (0.886~1.399) | 0.356 | 1.114 (1.015~1.223) | 0.023b | 1.102 (0.997~1.217) | 0.057 | 0.980 (0.947~1.013) | 0.233 |
| 饲养家畜 | 1.052 (0.891~1.241) | 0.550 | 1.661 (1.265~2.180) | <0.001 | 1.279 (1.180~1.387) | <0.001 | 1.015 (0.935~1.102) | 0.724 | 1.063 (1.025~1.101) | 0.001 |
| 打牌麻将 | 1.752 (1.387~2.212) | <0.001 | 1.612 (1.194~2.178) | 0.002 | 1.284 (1.171~1.409) | <0.001 | 1.035 (0.943~1.136) | 0.466 | 0.997 (0.965~1.031) | 0.871 |
| 看电视 | 1.529 (1.341~1.744) | <0.001 | 1.254 (1.081~1.455) | 0.003 | 1.048 (0.979~1.121) | 0.175 | 1.142 (1.055~1.237) | 0.001 | 0.955 (0.918~0.994) | 0.023b |
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