Article(id=1241522769997910848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522764012647140, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202308084, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1691424000000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773931694745, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1704816000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773931694745, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773931694745, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931694745, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241522764012647140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='192', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773931693318, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773931808852, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241523248643494379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522764012647140, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241523248643494380, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241522764012647140, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=105, endPage=110, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241522771767907250, articleId=1241522769997910848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=The chain mediating role of self-efficacy and anxiety in the relationship between social support and well-being of elderly patients with chronic diseases, columnId=1228016572451718132, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health and Social Behavior, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To explore the chain mediating effect of self-efficacy and anxiety on social support and well-being in elderly patients with chronic diseases.
Methods In total 2 177 elderly patients with chronic diseases ≥ 60 years old in the 2022 psychological and behavioral survey of Chinese residents were investigated using perceived social support scale (PSSS), World Health Organization Five item Well-being Index (WHO-5), New General self-efficacy scale (NGSES), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). The Process plug-in of SPSS was used, and the chain mediating effect test was carried out by Bootstrap method.
Results Self-efficacy and anxiety played a chain mediating role in the relationship between social support and well-being. Among them, the direct effect of social support on well-being was significant (β=0.345, 95%CI: 0.330-0.432), the individual mediating effect of self-efficacy was significant (β=0.201, 95%CI: 0.164-0.240), the single mediating effect of anxiety was significant (β=0.029, 95%CI: 0.006-0.016), and the chain mediating effect of self-efficacy-anxiety was significant (β=0.006, 95%CI: 0.002-0.013).
Conclusion Social support can affect the well-being of elderly patients with chronic diseases through the individual or chain mediation of self-efficacy and anxiety, which provides a theoretical basis for improving the well-being of this population.
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目的 探讨自我效能感和焦虑在老年慢性病患者社会支持和幸福感之间的链式中介作用。
方法 选取2022年中国居民心理与行为调查中2 177例≥60岁的老年慢性病患者作为研究对象,采用领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、世界卫生组织幸福指数(WHO-5)、新的一般自我效能感量表(NGSES)、焦虑量表(GAD-7)进行调查;使用SPSS的Process插件,并用Bootstrap法进行链式中介效应检验。
结果 自我效能感和焦虑在社会支持对幸福感的作用中发挥链式中介作用。其中,社会支持对幸福感的直接效应显著(β=0.345,95%CI:0.330~0.432),自我效能感的单独中介效应显著(β=0.201,95%CI:0.164~0.240),焦虑的单独中介效应显著(β=0.029,95%CI:0.006~0.016),自我效能感-焦虑链式中介效应显著(β=0.006,95%CI:0.002~0.013)。
结论 社会支持可以通过自我效能感和焦虑的单独或链式中介作用影响老年慢性病患者的幸福感,为提升该人群幸福感提供了理论依据。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=XgqUamEJKEqAkhqixHEjtQ==, magXml=fbTPPnQ4jat8xpCJFDnLcA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=P4G7AcUL7VzL15UzEl9FSw==, pdfFileSize=719328, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=PvDeBCPkidBv6KYyaHJfUQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=ezeDi2ceztBEnOf2sAymzg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
郑思榆(2001-),女,本科在读,研究方向:卫生管理
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1.广州医科大学卫生管理学院,广东 广州 511436)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241677618492264879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241677618500653488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, companyId=1241677618492264879, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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Chain mediation model, figureFileSmall=uAxGArjQROtsWSef6ou+1A==, figureFileBig=GmNvDWS4DRZMrpfe96Bvvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241677626679546594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
链式中介模型注:*P<0.001。
, figureFileSmall=uAxGArjQROtsWSef6ou+1A==, figureFileBig=GmNvDWS4DRZMrpfe96Bvvg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241677626943787757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Differences in variable scores among different demographic characteristics of elderly patients with chronic disease
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 类别 | 人数(%) | 变量得分(分, ) |
|---|
| 幸福感 | 社会支持 | 自我效能感 | 焦虑 |
|---|
| 总样本 | 2 177 | 12.39±3.97 | 14.75±3.59 | 10.38±2.45 | 11.47±4.10 |
| 性别 | | | | | |
| 男 | 1 064(48.87) | 12.47±3.92 | 14.87±3.61 | 10.50±2.44 | 11.38±4.12 |
| 女 | 1 113(51.13) | 12.31±4.01 | 14.64±3.56 | 10.26±2.45 | 11.55±4.09 |
| F/Welch | | 0.875 | 2.176 | 5.497 | 0.925 |
| P值 | | 0.350 | 0.140 | 0.019 | 0.336 |
| 户籍 | | | | | |
| 农业 | 1 346(63.58) | 12.00±3.99 | 14.42±3.66 | 10.09±2.48 | 11.55±4.06 |
| 非农业 | 831(36.42) | 13.01±3.84 | 15.29±3.41 | 10.84±2.32 | 11.34±4.18 |
| F/Welch | | 34.570 | 31.699 | 50.376 | 1.378 |
| P值 | | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.241 |
| 家庭人均月收入(元) | | | | | |
| ≤3 000 | 995(45.71) | 12.29±3.68 | 14.79±3.13 | 10.25±2.19 | 11.34±4.16 |
| 3 001~6 000 | 891(40.93) | 12.56±4.23 | 14.73±3.99 | 10.52±2.65 | 11.45±3.98 |
| 6 001~9 000 | 175(8.04) | 12.18±3.72 | 14.6±3.65 | 10.13±2.69 | 12.35±4.46 |
| ≥9 001 | 116(5.33) | 12.39±3.97 | 14.78±3.93 | 10.73±2.64 | 11.34±3.89 |
| F/Welch | | 0.957 | 0.157 | 3.221 | 3.044 |
| P值 | | 0.413 | 0.922 | 0.023 | 0.028 |
| 学历 | | | | | |
| 未接受正规教育 | 494(22.69) | 11.95±3.78 | 14.28±3.56 | 9.90±2.31 | 11.70±4.25 |
| 小学 | 635(29.17) | 11.72±3.77 | 14.13±3.41 | 9.92±2.32 | 11.63±3.84 |
| 初中 | 449(20.62) | 12.50±4.17 | 15.10±3.65 | 10.6±2.6 | 10.90±3.87 |
| 高中、中专、大专 | 455(20.90) | 13.17±3.95 | 15.46±3.48 | 10.96±2.33 | 11.38±4.17 |
| 大学及以上 | 144(6.61) | 13.99±3.96 | 15.76±3.87 | 11.47±2.53 | 12.01±4.97 |
| F/Welch | | 17.017 | 15.572 | 26.131 | 3.466 |
| P值 | | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | | |
| 未婚 | 36(1.65) | 10.28±4.17 | 11.08±4.12 | 8.08±2.88 | 12.19±3.87 |
| 离异 | 48(2.20) | 11.67±4.08 | 12.63±3.94 | 9.23±2.72 | 11.92±3.60 |
| 丧偶 | 302(13.87) | 12.31±3.63 | 14.93±3.02 | 10.23±2.32 | 11.58±4.18 |
| 已婚 | 1 791(82.27) | 12.46±4.00 | 14.85±3.60 | 10.48±2.42 | 11.42±4.11 |
| F/Welch | | 4.188 | 14.714 | 11.661 | 0.724 |
| P值 | | 0.006 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.489 |
| 是否独居 | | | | | |
| 是 | 276(12.45) | 11.83±3.82 | 14.00±3.62 | 9.91±2.51 | 12.55±4.64 |
| 否 | 1 901(87.32) | 12.47±3.98 | 14.86±3.57 | 10.44±2.43 | 11.31±3.80 |
| F/Welch | | 6.356 | 13.782 | 10.828 | 17.815 |
| P值 | | 0.012 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 |
| 慢性病数量(种) | | | | | |
| 1 | 1 140(52.37) | 12.91±3.93 | 15.09±3.46 | 10.62±2.37 | 11.05±3.97 |
| 2~3 | 861(39.55) | 11.87±3.88 | 14.29±3.68 | 10.07±2.51 | 11.74±3.98 |
| ≥4 | 176(8.08) | 11.56±4.14 | 14.81±3.68 | 10.27±2.48 | 12.86±5.05 |
| F/Welch | | 21.407 | 12.145 | 12.628 | 14.759 |
| P值 | | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
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不同人口学特征的老年慢性病患者在各变量得分上的差异
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| 类别 | 人数(%) | 变量得分(分, ) |
|---|
| 幸福感 | 社会支持 | 自我效能感 | 焦虑 |
|---|
| 总样本 | 2 177 | 12.39±3.97 | 14.75±3.59 | 10.38±2.45 | 11.47±4.10 |
| 性别 | | | | | |
| 男 | 1 064(48.87) | 12.47±3.92 | 14.87±3.61 | 10.50±2.44 | 11.38±4.12 |
| 女 | 1 113(51.13) | 12.31±4.01 | 14.64±3.56 | 10.26±2.45 | 11.55±4.09 |
| F/Welch | | 0.875 | 2.176 | 5.497 | 0.925 |
| P值 | | 0.350 | 0.140 | 0.019 | 0.336 |
| 户籍 | | | | | |
| 农业 | 1 346(63.58) | 12.00±3.99 | 14.42±3.66 | 10.09±2.48 | 11.55±4.06 |
| 非农业 | 831(36.42) | 13.01±3.84 | 15.29±3.41 | 10.84±2.32 | 11.34±4.18 |
| F/Welch | | 34.570 | 31.699 | 50.376 | 1.378 |
| P值 | | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.241 |
| 家庭人均月收入(元) | | | | | |
| ≤3 000 | 995(45.71) | 12.29±3.68 | 14.79±3.13 | 10.25±2.19 | 11.34±4.16 |
| 3 001~6 000 | 891(40.93) | 12.56±4.23 | 14.73±3.99 | 10.52±2.65 | 11.45±3.98 |
| 6 001~9 000 | 175(8.04) | 12.18±3.72 | 14.6±3.65 | 10.13±2.69 | 12.35±4.46 |
| ≥9 001 | 116(5.33) | 12.39±3.97 | 14.78±3.93 | 10.73±2.64 | 11.34±3.89 |
| F/Welch | | 0.957 | 0.157 | 3.221 | 3.044 |
| P值 | | 0.413 | 0.922 | 0.023 | 0.028 |
| 学历 | | | | | |
| 未接受正规教育 | 494(22.69) | 11.95±3.78 | 14.28±3.56 | 9.90±2.31 | 11.70±4.25 |
| 小学 | 635(29.17) | 11.72±3.77 | 14.13±3.41 | 9.92±2.32 | 11.63±3.84 |
| 初中 | 449(20.62) | 12.50±4.17 | 15.10±3.65 | 10.6±2.6 | 10.90±3.87 |
| 高中、中专、大专 | 455(20.90) | 13.17±3.95 | 15.46±3.48 | 10.96±2.33 | 11.38±4.17 |
| 大学及以上 | 144(6.61) | 13.99±3.96 | 15.76±3.87 | 11.47±2.53 | 12.01±4.97 |
| F/Welch | | 17.017 | 15.572 | 26.131 | 3.466 |
| P值 | | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | | |
| 未婚 | 36(1.65) | 10.28±4.17 | 11.08±4.12 | 8.08±2.88 | 12.19±3.87 |
| 离异 | 48(2.20) | 11.67±4.08 | 12.63±3.94 | 9.23±2.72 | 11.92±3.60 |
| 丧偶 | 302(13.87) | 12.31±3.63 | 14.93±3.02 | 10.23±2.32 | 11.58±4.18 |
| 已婚 | 1 791(82.27) | 12.46±4.00 | 14.85±3.60 | 10.48±2.42 | 11.42±4.11 |
| F/Welch | | 4.188 | 14.714 | 11.661 | 0.724 |
| P值 | | 0.006 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.489 |
| 是否独居 | | | | | |
| 是 | 276(12.45) | 11.83±3.82 | 14.00±3.62 | 9.91±2.51 | 12.55±4.64 |
| 否 | 1 901(87.32) | 12.47±3.98 | 14.86±3.57 | 10.44±2.43 | 11.31±3.80 |
| F/Welch | | 6.356 | 13.782 | 10.828 | 17.815 |
| P值 | | 0.012 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 |
| 慢性病数量(种) | | | | | |
| 1 | 1 140(52.37) | 12.91±3.93 | 15.09±3.46 | 10.62±2.37 | 11.05±3.97 |
| 2~3 | 861(39.55) | 11.87±3.88 | 14.29±3.68 | 10.07±2.51 | 11.74±3.98 |
| ≥4 | 176(8.08) | 11.56±4.14 | 14.81±3.68 | 10.27±2.48 | 12.86±5.05 |
| F/Welch | | 21.407 | 12.145 | 12.628 | 14.759 |
| P值 | | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677627187057400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
The results of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis of the main variables (r)
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| 变量 | 社会支持 | 幸福感 | 自我效能感 | 焦虑 |
|---|
| 社会支持 | 1.000 | — | — | — |
| 幸福感 | 0.582* | 1.000 | — | — |
| 自我效能感 | 0.683* | 0.560* | 1.000 | — |
| 焦虑 | -0.355* | -0.308* | -0.294* | 1.000 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677627379995395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
主要变量的描述性统计结果与相关性分析结果(r)
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| 变量 | 社会支持 | 幸福感 | 自我效能感 | 焦虑 |
|---|
| 社会支持 | 1.000 | — | — | — |
| 幸福感 | 0.582* | 1.000 | — | — |
| 自我效能感 | 0.683* | 0.560* | 1.000 | — |
| 焦虑 | -0.355* | -0.308* | -0.294* | 1.000 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677627526796038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Analysis of chain mediation model
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| 回归方程 | | 整体拟合指数 | 回归系数显著性 | |
|---|
| 结果变量 | 预测变量 | R值 | R2值 | F值 | β值(95%CI) | t值 | P值 |
|---|
| 幸福感 | 社会支持 | 0.614 | 0.376 | 163.554 | 0.581(0.604~0.680) | 33.350 | <0.001 |
| 自我效能感 | 社会支持 | 0.708 | 0.501 | 271.531 | 0.678(-0.210~0.088) | 43.499 | <0.001 |
| 焦虑 | 社会支持 | 0.395 | 0.156 | 44.614 | -0.293(-0.398~-0.273) | -10.572 | <0.001 |
| 自我效能感 | | | | -0.098(-0.256~-0.072) | -3.499 | <0.001 |
| 幸福感 | 社会支持 | 0.657 | 0.431 | 164.164 | 0.345(0.330,0.432) | 14.764 | <0.001 |
| 自我效能感 | | | | 0.297(0.408~0.554) | 12.901 | <0.001 |
| 焦虑 | | | | -0.097(-0.127~-0.060) | -5.504 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677627619070730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
链式中介模型分析
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| 回归方程 | | 整体拟合指数 | 回归系数显著性 | |
|---|
| 结果变量 | 预测变量 | R值 | R2值 | F值 | β值(95%CI) | t值 | P值 |
|---|
| 幸福感 | 社会支持 | 0.614 | 0.376 | 163.554 | 0.581(0.604~0.680) | 33.350 | <0.001 |
| 自我效能感 | 社会支持 | 0.708 | 0.501 | 271.531 | 0.678(-0.210~0.088) | 43.499 | <0.001 |
| 焦虑 | 社会支持 | 0.395 | 0.156 | 44.614 | -0.293(-0.398~-0.273) | -10.572 | <0.001 |
| 自我效能感 | | | | -0.098(-0.256~-0.072) | -3.499 | <0.001 |
| 幸福感 | 社会支持 | 0.657 | 0.431 | 164.164 | 0.345(0.330,0.432) | 14.764 | <0.001 |
| 自我效能感 | | | | 0.297(0.408~0.554) | 12.901 | <0.001 |
| 焦虑 | | | | -0.097(-0.127~-0.060) | -5.504 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677627744899857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Test of chain mediating effect
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 效应 | 路径 | β(95%CI) |  | 效应(%) |
|---|
| 总效应 | | 0.581(0.604~0.680) | 0.192 | |
| 直接效应 | | 0.345(0.330~0.432) | 0.026 | 59.38 |
| 中介效应 | 中介效应总量 | 0.236(0.196~0.278) | 0.021 | 40.62 |
| 路径1 | 0.201(0.164~0.240) | 0.020 | 34.60 |
| 路径2 | 0.029(0.016~0.041) | 0.006 | 5.00 |
| 路径3 | 0.006(0.002~0.013) | 0.003 | 1.03 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241677627853951767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241522769997910848, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
链式中介路径分析
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| 效应 | 路径 | β(95%CI) |  | 效应(%) |
|---|
| 总效应 | | 0.581(0.604~0.680) | 0.192 | |
| 直接效应 | | 0.345(0.330~0.432) | 0.026 | 59.38 |
| 中介效应 | 中介效应总量 | 0.236(0.196~0.278) | 0.021 | 40.62 |
| 路径1 | 0.201(0.164~0.240) | 0.020 | 34.60 |
| 路径2 | 0.029(0.016~0.041) | 0.006 | 5.00 |
| 路径3 | 0.006(0.002~0.013) | 0.003 | 1.03 |
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