Article(id=1241342459188400350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241342451043061769, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309449, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1695484800000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773888705297, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1708790400000, pubDateStr=2024-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773888705297, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773888705297, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773888705297, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241342451043061769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='4', pageStart='577', pageEnd='768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773888703356, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773893026321, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241360582939562716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241342451043061769, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241360582939562717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241342451043061769, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=759, endPage=763, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241342459591053565, articleId=1241342459188400350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Situations of dementia among the elderly and analyses of influencing factors, columnId=1228016569138213037, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Clinical Medicine and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the prevalence of dementia among elderly people in China, to look into the factors that may influence it, and to consider the impact of the interplay between depression and reduced activity of daily living (ADL) function.

Methods

This study, which used data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), described the statistical status of dementia in 7 588 people over the age of 60 and explored the interaction between depression and different types of activities of daily living abilities on the prevalence of dementia based on logistic regression modelling.

Results

High level of chronic disease co-morbidity (OR=1.634, 95% CI: 1.133-2.355), depression (OR=2.141, 95% CI: 1.505-3.044), impaired basic activity of daily living (BADL)(OR=5.576, 95% CI:4.249-7.317) and reduced instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) (OR=2.663, 95% CI: 1.738-4.082) were risk factors for dementia in older adults. There was an additive interaction between depressive symptoms and impaired BADL capacity. Older adults with depressive symptoms and reduced BADL performance had a 13.917-fold (OR=13.917, 95% CI: 8.694-22.279) increased chance of developing dementia.

Conclusion

Additive interaction between the depressive symptoms and impaired BADL capacity on the development of dementia, adopting effective steps to manage depressive symptoms and enhance BADL ability will help lower that risk.

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目的

分析我国老年人痴呆患病,探讨相关影响因素,及抑郁与日常生活活动能力(activity of daily living,ADL)受损的交互作用对老年痴呆的影响。

方法

利用2018中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据(CLHLS),对7 588例60岁以上老年人的痴呆状况进行统计学描述,基于logistic回归模型探究抑郁及不同类型ADL对老年痴呆患病的交互作用。

结果

高慢病共病水平(OR=1.634,95% CI:1.133~2.355)、抑郁(OR=2.141,95% CI:1.505~3.044)、基础性日常生活活动能力(Basic Activities of Daily Living, BADL)受损(OR=5.576,95% CI:4.249~7.317)、工具性日常生活活动能力(Instrumental Activity of Daily Living, IADL)受损(OR=2.663,95% CI: 1.738~4.082)等均为老年人患痴呆的危险因素;抑郁症状与BADL受损之间存在相加交互作用,有抑郁症状且BADL能力受损的老年人患痴呆的风险是对照组的13.917倍(OR=13.917,95% CI:8.694~22.279)。

结论

有抑郁症状且BADL受损对老年痴呆的发生存在相加交互作用,采取有效措施防治抑郁症状、提高BADL有助于降低老年痴呆发生的风险。

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李向云,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=4Ng3+mdqUoCsftjrZfX9JA==, magXml=YtQpvt5cY5qufSdKQDDWWw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=vsHhPdtigBpIPCxIhWy7Ew==, pdfFileSize=905597, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=HDnLaMLjI1n8zf0cllzaVg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

林琪菲(1996—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:儿少卫生与妇幼保健

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林琪菲(1996—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:儿少卫生与妇幼保健

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Prevalence of dementia in 7 588 cases of elderly people over 60 years old and analysis of factors affecting it

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素分组例数(n痴呆(n患病率(%)χ2P
性别4 0901403.4219.712<0.001
3 4981935.52
年龄(岁)60~69a1 26970.55525.111<0.001
70~79a2 710421.55
80~89b2 020703.47
90~99c1 15511710.13
>100d4349722.35
地区东部4 7511914.024.1420.126
中部1 859945.06
西部978484.91
居住地a2 1371296.0419.483<0.001
b2 340843.59
b3 1111203.86
婚姻状况已婚a4 284851.98135.611<0.001
离异或丧偶b3 2322437.52
未婚b7256.94
慢病共病水平低慢病共病水平a4 2041623.8525.417<0.001
中慢病共病水平a2 6581134.25
高慢病共病水平b726587.99
是否抑郁正常7 0942803.9550.623<0.001
抑郁4945310.73
BADL正常6 6651261.89814.884<0.001
BADL受损92320722.43
IADL正常3 896320.82242.829<0.001
IADL受损3 6923018.15
), ArticleFig(id=1241342465383387774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342459188400350, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

7 588例60岁以上老年人痴呆患病情况及影响因素分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素分组例数(n痴呆(n患病率(%)χ2P
性别4 0901403.4219.712<0.001
3 4981935.52
年龄(岁)60~69a1 26970.55525.111<0.001
70~79a2 710421.55
80~89b2 020703.47
90~99c1 15511710.13
>100d4349722.35
地区东部4 7511914.024.1420.126
中部1 859945.06
西部978484.91
居住地a2 1371296.0419.483<0.001
b2 340843.59
b3 1111203.86
婚姻状况已婚a4 284851.98135.611<0.001
离异或丧偶b3 2322437.52
未婚b7256.94
慢病共病水平低慢病共病水平a4 2041623.8525.417<0.001
中慢病共病水平a2 6581134.25
高慢病共病水平b726587.99
是否抑郁正常7 0942803.9550.623<0.001
抑郁4945310.73
BADL正常6 6651261.89814.884<0.001
BADL受损92320722.43
IADL正常3 896320.82242.829<0.001
IADL受损3 6923018.15
), ArticleFig(id=1241342465559548553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342459188400350, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Multiple logistic regression analyses of the prevalence of dementia in older adults

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量β Wald χ2POR值(95% CI
性别(以男为参照)
0.1080.1310.6860.4071.115(0.862~1.441)
年龄(以60~69岁为参照)57.237<0.001
70~79岁0.7580.4153.3320.0682.135(0.946~4.819)
80~89岁1.0170.4175.9520.0152.766(1.221~6.263)
90~99岁1.6400.42514.880<0.0015.155(2.241~11.862)
≥100岁2.2340.43726.102<0.0019.339(3.964~22.007)
地区(以东部为参照)6.0070.050
中部0.3340.1445.3960.0201.397(1.054~1.851)
西部0.2420.1821.7740.1831.274(0.892~1.818)
居住地(以城为参照)3.4100.182
-0.2940.1613.3190.0680.745(0.543~1.023)
-0.0980.1520.4150.5200.907(0.674~1.221)
婚姻状况(以已婚为参照)2.3560.308
离异或丧偶0.1130.1620.4840.4871.119(0.815~1.537)
未结婚0.7760.5302.1460.1432.173(0.769~6.137)
慢病共病水平(以低为参照)8.8250.012
中慢病共病水平-0.0420.1400.0890.7660.959(0.728~1.263)
高慢病共病水平0.4910.1876.9170.0091.634(1.133~2.355)
是否抑郁(以正常为参照)
抑郁0.7610.18017.947<0.0012.141(1.505~3.044)
BADL功能(以正常为参照)
受损1.7180.139153.694<0.0015.576(4.249~7.317)
IADL(以正常为参照)
受损0.9800.21820.213<0.0012.663(1.738~4.082)
), ArticleFig(id=1241342465685377679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342459188400350, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

老年人痴呆患病的logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量β Wald χ2POR值(95% CI
性别(以男为参照)
0.1080.1310.6860.4071.115(0.862~1.441)
年龄(以60~69岁为参照)57.237<0.001
70~79岁0.7580.4153.3320.0682.135(0.946~4.819)
80~89岁1.0170.4175.9520.0152.766(1.221~6.263)
90~99岁1.6400.42514.880<0.0015.155(2.241~11.862)
≥100岁2.2340.43726.102<0.0019.339(3.964~22.007)
地区(以东部为参照)6.0070.050
中部0.3340.1445.3960.0201.397(1.054~1.851)
西部0.2420.1821.7740.1831.274(0.892~1.818)
居住地(以城为参照)3.4100.182
-0.2940.1613.3190.0680.745(0.543~1.023)
-0.0980.1520.4150.5200.907(0.674~1.221)
婚姻状况(以已婚为参照)2.3560.308
离异或丧偶0.1130.1620.4840.4871.119(0.815~1.537)
未结婚0.7760.5302.1460.1432.173(0.769~6.137)
慢病共病水平(以低为参照)8.8250.012
中慢病共病水平-0.0420.1400.0890.7660.959(0.728~1.263)
高慢病共病水平0.4910.1876.9170.0091.634(1.133~2.355)
是否抑郁(以正常为参照)
抑郁0.7610.18017.947<0.0012.141(1.505~3.044)
BADL功能(以正常为参照)
受损1.7180.139153.694<0.0015.576(4.249~7.317)
IADL(以正常为参照)
受损0.9800.21820.213<0.0012.663(1.738~4.082)
), ArticleFig(id=1241342465857344155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342459188400350, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Interaction of depression with BADL and IADL based on multifactorial logistic regression analysis

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抑郁症状ADL能力是否受损β Wald χ2POR值(95% CI
BADL能力2.6330.24120.308<0.00113.917(8.694~22.279)
0.4530.5970.5770.4481.574(0.488~5.069)
1.8350.143164.613<0.0016.267(4.735~8.295)
IADL能力2.2590.25976.143<0.0019.571(5.763~15.896)
1.0260.6182.7610.0972.791(0.832~9.362)
1.3950.21542.001<0.0014.034(2.646~6.150)
), ArticleFig(id=1241342465978978978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342459188400350, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

基于多因素logistic回归分析的抑郁与BADL、IADL交互作用分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
抑郁症状ADL能力是否受损β Wald χ2POR值(95% CI
BADL能力2.6330.24120.308<0.00113.917(8.694~22.279)
0.4530.5970.5770.4481.574(0.488~5.069)
1.8350.143164.613<0.0016.267(4.735~8.295)
IADL能力2.2590.25976.143<0.0019.571(5.763~15.896)
1.0260.6182.7610.0972.791(0.832~9.362)
1.3950.21542.001<0.0014.034(2.646~6.150)
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老年痴呆状况调查及影响因素分析
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林琪菲 , 魏佳慧 , 鲍娇玉 , 李向云
现代预防医学 | 临床与预防 2024,51(4): 759-763
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现代预防医学 | 临床与预防 2024, 51(4): 759-763
老年痴呆状况调查及影响因素分析
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林琪菲, 魏佳慧, 鲍娇玉, 李向云
作者信息
  • 山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053
  • 林琪菲(1996—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:儿少卫生与妇幼保健

通讯作者:

李向云,E-mail:
Situations of dementia among the elderly and analyses of influencing factors
Qi-fei LIN, Jia-hui WEI, Jiao-yu BAO, Xiang-yun LI
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
出版时间: 2024-02-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309449
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目的

分析我国老年人痴呆患病,探讨相关影响因素,及抑郁与日常生活活动能力(activity of daily living,ADL)受损的交互作用对老年痴呆的影响。

方法

利用2018中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据(CLHLS),对7 588例60岁以上老年人的痴呆状况进行统计学描述,基于logistic回归模型探究抑郁及不同类型ADL对老年痴呆患病的交互作用。

结果

高慢病共病水平(OR=1.634,95% CI:1.133~2.355)、抑郁(OR=2.141,95% CI:1.505~3.044)、基础性日常生活活动能力(Basic Activities of Daily Living, BADL)受损(OR=5.576,95% CI:4.249~7.317)、工具性日常生活活动能力(Instrumental Activity of Daily Living, IADL)受损(OR=2.663,95% CI: 1.738~4.082)等均为老年人患痴呆的危险因素;抑郁症状与BADL受损之间存在相加交互作用,有抑郁症状且BADL能力受损的老年人患痴呆的风险是对照组的13.917倍(OR=13.917,95% CI:8.694~22.279)。

结论

有抑郁症状且BADL受损对老年痴呆的发生存在相加交互作用,采取有效措施防治抑郁症状、提高BADL有助于降低老年痴呆发生的风险。

老年痴呆  /  影响因素  /  抑郁  /  日常生活活动能力  /  交互作用
Objective

To analyze the prevalence of dementia among elderly people in China, to look into the factors that may influence it, and to consider the impact of the interplay between depression and reduced activity of daily living (ADL) function.

Methods

This study, which used data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), described the statistical status of dementia in 7 588 people over the age of 60 and explored the interaction between depression and different types of activities of daily living abilities on the prevalence of dementia based on logistic regression modelling.

Results

High level of chronic disease co-morbidity (OR=1.634, 95% CI: 1.133-2.355), depression (OR=2.141, 95% CI: 1.505-3.044), impaired basic activity of daily living (BADL)(OR=5.576, 95% CI:4.249-7.317) and reduced instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) (OR=2.663, 95% CI: 1.738-4.082) were risk factors for dementia in older adults. There was an additive interaction between depressive symptoms and impaired BADL capacity. Older adults with depressive symptoms and reduced BADL performance had a 13.917-fold (OR=13.917, 95% CI: 8.694-22.279) increased chance of developing dementia.

Conclusion

Additive interaction between the depressive symptoms and impaired BADL capacity on the development of dementia, adopting effective steps to manage depressive symptoms and enhance BADL ability will help lower that risk.

Dementia  /  Influencing factors  /  Depression  /  ADL  /  Interactions
林琪菲, 魏佳慧, 鲍娇玉, 李向云. 老年痴呆状况调查及影响因素分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (4) : 759 -763 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309449
Qi-fei LIN, Jia-hui WEI, Jiao-yu BAO, Xiang-yun LI. Situations of dementia among the elderly and analyses of influencing factors[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (4) : 759 -763 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309449
痴呆是以记忆,语言,解决问题和其他思维能力困难为特征症状的疾病,伴有幻觉、妄想、行为紊乱和人格改变等精神行为症状,是损害老年人健康与生活质量的主要威胁之一[1-2]。2019年,全球有痴呆症患者5 520万人,到2050年,预计将增加到1.52亿[3]。近三十年来,我国痴呆的疾病负担也在不断上升,避免危险因素能有效减轻疾病负担[4]。Rubin等人已发现抑郁与ADL受损都是痴呆的独立危险因素[5-6],但少有研究对抑郁与ADL的交互作用进行分析。本文在分析老年痴呆影响因素的基础上,进一步探讨抑郁与不同类型的ADL受损对痴呆患病是否存在交互作用,为今后有针对性地强化老年痴呆防控策略提供理论参考。
文中数据来自2018中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查(Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, CLHLS)数据库,涵盖全国23个省市自治区7 588例60岁以上老年人的基本特征、生活自理能力、躯体功能、心理特征等资料。
(1)一般人口学因素:性别、年龄、地区、居住地、婚姻状况、慢病共病水平。其中,省份按照东部、中部、西部地区重新分组;婚姻状况将已婚与配偶同住和已婚不与配偶同住合并为“已婚”,离异和丧偶合并为“离异或丧偶”;在除痴呆外的23种慢性病中,患有0~1种为“低慢病共病水平”,2~4种为“中慢病共病水平”,≥5种为“高慢病共病水平”[7]。(2)是否痴呆:根据受访者经医生诊断痴呆或MMSE量表得分情况分为痴呆组和正常组,文盲≤17分、小学≤20分、初中及更高≤24分判定为痴呆[8]。(3)抑郁:CLHLS中采用CESD-10对老年人的抑郁状态进行测量,共10个问题,除第5、第7、第10题采用反向计分外,其他均采用正向计分,得分≥12定义为有抑郁症状[9]。(4)日常生活活动能力:CLHLS中的ADL包括BADL和IADL。BADL能力由洗澡、穿衣、上厕所、室内活动、大小便控制和吃饭6项指标衡量;IADL能力由是否能独自到邻居家串门、外出买东西、做饭、洗衣服、连续走2里路、提起10斤重的东西、连续蹲下站起三次和独自乘坐公共交通工具出行8项指标评估。回答有一定困难、不能完成则视该项活动能力受损,评估项中有1项能力受损,则视BADL或IADL受损[10]
应用SPSS 26.0软件对数据进行统计学处理。采用构成比或率来描述老年人患病现状,选用χ2检验进行单因素分析,基于logistic回归模型分析抑郁与不同类型ADL的交互作用对老年痴呆患病的影响。相加交互作用引用Andersson等[11]编制的Excel表,通过计算超额相对危险度(RERI)、相互作用归因比(AP)、交互作用指数(S)对抑郁症状和不同类型 ADL交互作用进行分析,RERI、AP不包含0,S不包含1说明存在交互作用。双侧检验水准α=0.05。
7 588例60岁以上老年人平均年龄为80.02岁,女性占比为46.1%,绝大多数来自东部地区,居住在乡镇的人数多于居住在城市的人数,有接近半数的老人离异或丧偶,55.4%的老年人低慢病共病水平,痴呆患病率为4.4%。
表1可见,不同性别、年龄、居住地、婚姻状况、慢病共病水平等因素对老年痴呆患病有影响作用(P<0.05)。女性老年痴呆患病率高于男性,随着年龄段增加老年痴呆患病率也增加,居住在城市的痴呆患病率高于乡镇,已婚老年人痴呆发生率低于离异、丧偶或未婚者,高慢病共病水平的老年人痴呆发生率高于中、低慢病共病水平。
60岁以上老年人BADL损伤率为12.16%,IADL损伤率高达48.66%,且BADL和IADL受损的老年人痴呆患病率均高于正常组(P<0.001);老年人中有抑郁症状的占6.5%,该组人群的痴呆患病率也高于正常组(P<0.001)。
根据资料类型对老年痴呆影响因素进行合理赋值。两分类变量采用0、1、无序多分类采用哑变量、等级数据按自然数顺序依次赋值,并进行logitP线性判断,赋值情况如下:性别:0-男;1-女;年龄:0-60~69岁;1-70~79岁;2-80~89岁;3-90~99岁;4-≥100岁;地区:0-东部;1-中部;2-西部;居住地:0-城;1-镇;2-乡;婚姻状况:0-已婚,1-离异或丧偶,2-从未结婚;慢病共病水平:0-低慢病共病水平(0~1种);1-中慢病共病水平(2~4种);2-高慢病共病水平(≥5种);抑郁:0-正常;1-抑郁;BADL:0-正常;1-受损;IADL:0-正常;1-受损;痴呆:0-正常;1-痴呆。结果显示:80~89岁、90~99岁、≥100岁、居住在中部地区、高慢病共病水平,抑郁、BADL和IADL受损都是发生老年痴呆的危险因素。BADL、IADL受损老年人群患痴呆的风险分别是正常组的5.576倍和2.663倍,有抑郁症状的患痴呆风险是正常组的2.141倍(具体见表2)。
相加交互作用的分析以无抑郁症状与BADL或IADL正常者组合为参照组,控制混杂因素后分析结果发现,有抑郁症状且BADL受损之间存在相加交互作用。有抑郁症状且BADL能力受损的老年人患痴呆的风险是对照组的13.917倍,RERI=13.457 [95% CI (0.998~25.916)], AP=0.454[95% CI(0.214~0.694)],S=1.887[95% CI (1.195~2.978)];有抑郁症状与IADL受损不存在相加交互作用,RERI=8.104[95% CI (-0.019~16.227)], AP=0.373[95% CI (0.109~0.638)],S=1.643[95% CI(1.047~2.576)]。
本研究中老年人痴呆的患病率为4.4%,与Jia等人[12]的研究结果类似。影响因素分析发现,随年龄段的增加,患老年痴呆风险的概率也随之增加,衰老伴随着脑细胞的萎缩、全身的炎性反应,以及睡眠时长减少、身体活动减少[13]等生活行为方式的改变可能是年龄成为老年痴呆危险因素的原因。从地域来看,东部地区的痴呆患病率最低,中部最高,这可能与经济发展水平、医疗服务不平衡[14]有关,此外,不同地域的环境风险因素[15]、教育、饮食等方面也都存在差异。已有多项研究证实慢性病与痴呆的发生具有相关性[16-17],并且慢病共病水平越高,老年人患痴呆的风险也越高。
本文发现有抑郁症状是痴呆的危险因素,这与Hakim等人的研究结果一致[18],抑郁情绪能使机体白介素、肿瘤坏死因子、C 反应蛋白等炎性细胞因子水平增高,从而使脑内淀粉样多肽前体蛋白增多,影响认知[19]。ADL受损也是老年痴呆的危险因素,李漫漫等人研究发现,老年人ADL与认知功能密切相关,ADL越差,认知功能也越差[6]。ADL受损,使得老年人活动范围缩小,与外界接触减少,对大脑的刺激也更少[20],从而影响思维、记忆、推理等功能[21]。交互作用的结果显示,抑郁和BADL受损对痴呆的发生存在相加交互作用,同时存在抑郁症状和BADL受损的老年人群,其患痴呆的风险远高于抑郁症状或BADL受损的单独作用。相较于IADL,BADL的评价指标更侧重于基础性日常生活能力,可以推测基本的洗澡、穿衣、上厕所等能力受损对痴呆的影响更大。
根据本文研究结果,建议社会和家庭关注高龄、高慢病共病水平老年人的健康状况;因地制宜,制订老年痴呆干预措施,要考虑不同地理、经济和文化背景[22]等因素;对出现抑郁症状和BADL受损的老年群体,早发现,早帮扶,给予更多的关怀帮助,努力降低痴呆患病风险。本研究也存在一些局限性,因使用的是横断面数据,故无法对抑郁、ADL受损和痴呆间的因果关系进行推断,这一点将在今后的研究中继续完善。
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2024年第51卷第4期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309449
  • 接收时间:2023-09-24
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-02-25
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-24
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    山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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属数
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genus
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Percentage of
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Genus
种数
Number of
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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