Article(id=1241342457435181231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241342451043061769, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1694016000000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773888704879, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1708790400000, pubDateStr=2024-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773888704879, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773888704879, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773888704879, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241342451043061769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='4', pageStart='577', pageEnd='768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773888703356, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773893026321, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241360582939562716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241342451043061769, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241360582939562717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241342451043061769, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=625, endPage=629, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241342459825934606, articleId=1241342457435181231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Effects of nutritional intervention measures on lunch supply and leftover rate in middle school canteens, Wenzhou, columnId=1240375107953161116, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Nutrition and Foold Hygiene, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To evaluate the intervention effect of nutritional intervention measures on the supply of various foods, energy, and nutrients for lunch among students in Wenzhou, as well as the rate of leftover food.

Methods

From 2021 to 2022, a middle school was randomly selected from 13districts in Wenzhou City. Before and after the intervention, the school was surveyed for a continuous week using weighing and accounting methods to investigate the supply of various types of food in the cafeteria and the daily number of diners. Leftovers were classified and weighed. Intervention measures include nutritional meal support and nutritional health education. The results were evaluated based on the "Student Dietary Nutrition Guidelines" and the "Reference Intakes of Dietary Nutrients for Chinese Residents (2013 Edition)".

Results

After the intervention, the food supply in the cafeteria of junior high schools in Wenzhou reached 80.00% of the recommended amount, including grains, potatoes, fish, and shrimp. The food supply below 80.00% of the recommended amount was vegetables, fruits, eggs, and milk. The food supply above 120.00% of the recommended amount was poultry and animal meat, vegetable oil, and salt. The supply of fruits, fish, and shrimp was significantly improved (t=2.342, P=0.029; t=-1.914, P=0.070). In terms of nutrient supply, nutrients that reach 60.00% of the recommended amount include energy, calcium, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and carbohydrate energy supply ratio. Nutrients that are lower than 60% of the recommended amount include vitamin A, dietary fiber, protein, zinc, iron, vitamin C, and fat energy supply ratio. Among them, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C supply and fat energy supply ratio have been significantly improved (t=2.280, P=0.0340; t=-3.261, P=0.004; U=-2.638, P=0.008; t=-2.173, P=0.041). The rate of leftover staple and vegetarian dishes decreased significantly (χ2=4.828, P=0.028; χ2=15.813, P<0.001).

Conclusion

Based on schools, adopting nutritional meal support and implementing nutritional health education interventions can to some extent improve the supply of lunch food, energy, and nutrients in school canteens, and reduce the rate of leftover food and vegetables among students.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yuan-yuan CAI, Qian-qian LIU, Dan-dan WEN, Zi-qi XIA, Si-hai GAO, Min-he CHEN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241342461512044936, articleId=1241342457435181231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=营养干预措施对温州市初中学校食堂午餐供应及剩菜剩饭率的影响, columnId=1228016573034721597, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=营养与食品卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

评价营养干预措施对温州市学生午餐各类食物、能量和营养素供应量及剩菜剩饭率的干预效果。

方法

2021—2022年在温州市13个县(市、区)各随机抽取一所初中,在干预前后分别对学校进行连续一周采用称重法和记账法对食堂各类食物的供应量和每日就餐人数进行调查,对剩菜、剩饭进行分类称重。干预措施包括营养供餐支持、营养健康教育。结果参照《学生餐营养指南》、《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(2013版)》进行评价。

结果

干预后,温州市初中学校食堂食物供应方面达到推荐量80.00%的食物有谷薯类、鱼虾类,低于推荐量80.00%的食物有蔬菜类、水果类、蛋类、奶类,高于推荐量120.00%的食物有禽畜肉类、植物油、盐,其中水果类、鱼虾类的供应量得到明显改善(t=2.342,P=0.029;t=-1.914,P=0.070)。营养素供应方面达到推荐量60.00%的营养素有能量、钙、维生素B1、维生素B2的供应量及碳水化合物供能比,低于推荐量60.00%的营养素有维生素A、膳食纤维,蛋白质、锌、铁、维生素C的供应量及脂肪供能比均高于推荐量,其中锌、维生素A、维生素C供应量及脂肪供能比得到明显改善(t=2.280,P=0.0340;t=-3.261,P=0.004;U=-2.638,P=0.008;t=-2.173,P=0.041)。主食、素菜剩菜剩饭率下降明显(χ2=4.828,P=0.028;χ2=15.813,P<0.001)。

结论

以学校为基础采取营养供餐支持、开展营养健康教育干预办法,能在一定程度上改善学校食堂午餐食物、能量和营养素供应状况,降低学生剩饭、剩菜率。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
高四海,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=0crPCkQK6AIqqQI1Gw6yrQ==, magXml=FLYuoyGR/QfQuF9dFkdL8Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=refW1l7iPQPgV5OiLnK8kA==, pdfFileSize=1004759, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Tp3imbbGIthoPURQQuKAjQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=fvoTj7U7EWSkP0FC8eqvJw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

蔡圆圆(1987—),女,本科,副主任医师,研究方向:营养与食品卫生

, authorsList=蔡圆圆, 刘倩倩, 温丹丹, 夏子淇, 高四海, 陈民和)}, authors=[Author(id=1241342463412064703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241342463567253963, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342463412064703, language=EN, stringName=Yuan-yuan CAI, firstName=Yuan-yuan, middleName=null, lastName=CAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241342463730831837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342463412064703, language=CN, stringName=蔡圆圆, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000, bio={"content":"

蔡圆圆(1987—),女,本科,副主任医师,研究方向:营养与食品卫生

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

蔡圆圆(1987—),女,本科,副主任医师,研究方向:营养与食品卫生

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241342463256875436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463265264046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463273652656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000)])]), Author(id=1241342463827300837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241342463927964142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342463827300837, language=EN, stringName=Qian-qian LIU, firstName=Qian-qian, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241342464037016061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342463827300837, language=CN, stringName=刘倩倩, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241342463256875436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463265264046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463273652656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000)])]), Author(id=1241342464116707849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241342464229954067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342464116707849, language=EN, stringName=Dan-dan WEN, firstName=Dan-dan, middleName=null, lastName=WEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241342464359977506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342464116707849, language=CN, stringName=温丹丹, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241342463256875436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463265264046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463273652656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000)])]), Author(id=1241342464439669289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241342464586469941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342464439669289, language=EN, stringName=Zi-qi XIA, firstName=Zi-qi, middleName=null, lastName=XIA, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241342464695521857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342464439669289, language=CN, stringName=夏子淇, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241342463256875436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463265264046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463273652656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000)])]), Author(id=1241342464800379466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=463801475@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241342464926208600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342464800379466, language=EN, stringName=Si-hai GAO, firstName=Si-hai, middleName=null, lastName=GAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241342465060426337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342464800379466, language=CN, stringName=高四海, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241342463256875436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463265264046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463273652656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000)])]), Author(id=1241342465194644074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241342465345639032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342465194644074, language=EN, stringName=Min-he CHEN, firstName=Min-he, middleName=null, lastName=CHEN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241342465496633986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, authorId=1241342465194644074, language=CN, stringName=陈民和, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241342463256875436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463265264046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463273652656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241342465681183374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Nutritional intervention), Keyword(id=1241342465819595414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=School lunch), Keyword(id=1241342465941230241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Food supply), Keyword(id=1241342467476345512, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=营养干预), Keyword(id=1241342467597980334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=学校午餐), Keyword(id=1241342467702837940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=食物供应)], refs=[Reference(id=1241342469141484302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=中国学生营养与健康促进会, 中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所, journalName=改善农村学生营养,共同托起民族未来, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国学生营养与健康促进会,中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所.改善农村学生营养,共同托起民族未来[M].北京:中国人口出版社,2012., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342469208593171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=China Student Nutrition and Health Promotion Association, Nutrition and Food Safety Institute, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, journalName=To improve the nutrition of rural students, and jointly hold up the future of the nation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=China Student Nutrition and Health Promotion Association, Nutrition and Food Safety Institute, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. To improve the nutrition of rural students, and jointly hold up the future of the nation[M]. Beijing: China Population Publishing House, 2012, articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342469338616605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=37, issue=5, pageStart=641, pageEnd=643, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=张倩, 胡小琪, 赵文华, journalName=中国学校卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张倩,胡小琪,赵文华,等.我国中小学生营养现状及改善建议[J].中国学校卫生201637(5):641-643., articleTitle=我国中小学生营养现状及改善建议, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342469518971689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=37, issue=5, pageStart=641, pageEnd=643, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Zhang Q, Hu XQ, Zhao WH, journalName=Chinese Journal of School Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Q, Hu XQ, Zhao WH, et al. Nutritional status and improvement suggestions for primary and secondary school students in China[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2016, 37(5): 641-643., articleTitle=Nutritional status and improvement suggestions for primary and secondary school students in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342469636412204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=中国营养学会, journalName=中国居民膳食指南-2022, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国营养学会.中国居民膳食指南-2022[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342469787407157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Chinese Nutrition Society, journalName=Dietary guidelines for Chinese residents(2022), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chinese Nutrition Society. Dietary guidelines for Chinese residents(2022)[M]. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342469930013500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.WS/T 554-2017 学生餐营养指南[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342470018093889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic ofChina, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic ofChina. WS/T 554-2017 Student Meal Nutrition Guidelines[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342470135534406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=42, issue=8, pageStart=1152, pageEnd=1155, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=赵栋, 韩丹, 朱大方, journalName=中国学校卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵栋,韩丹,朱大方,等.浙江省公立小学食堂午餐供餐现状[J].中国学校卫生202142(8):1152-1155., articleTitle=浙江省公立小学食堂午餐供餐现状, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342470273946447, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=42, issue=8, pageStart=1152, pageEnd=1155, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Zhao D, Han D, Zhu DF, journalName=Chinese Journal of School Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao D, Han D, Zhu DF, et al. Lunch supply in public primary school canteens inZhejiang province[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2021, 42(8): 1152-1155., articleTitle=Lunch supply in public primary school canteens inZhejiang province, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342470387192661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=35, issue=10, pageStart=1598, pageEnd=1600, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=王良, 朱文丽, journalName=中国学校卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王良,朱文丽.中国学生营养午餐及剩饭问题因素分析[J].中国学校卫生201435(10):1598-1600., articleTitle=中国学生营养午餐及剩饭问题因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342470513021790, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=35, issue=10, pageStart=1598, pageEnd=1600, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Wang L, Zhu WL, journalName=Chinese Journal of School Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang L, Zhu WL. Analysis of factors influencing nutritional lunch and leftover for Chinese students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2014, 35(10): 1598-1600., articleTitle=Analysis of factors influencing nutritional lunch and leftover for Chinese students, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342471981028194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=中国营养学会, journalName=中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量速查手册, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中国营养学会.中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量速查手册[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2014., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342472069108583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Chinese Soclety of Nutrition, journalName=Chinese DRIs handbook, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chinese Soclety of Nutrition. Chinese DRIs handbook[M]. Beijing: Standards Press Of China, 2014., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342472152994667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=孙长颢, journalName=营养与食品卫生学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙长颢.营养与食品卫生学[M].8版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342472253657965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Sun CH, journalName=Nutrition and food hygiene, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun CH. Nutrition and food hygiene[M]. 8th ed.Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2017., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342472371098483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=14, issue=4, pageStart=202, pageEnd=205, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=陈东宛, 李永进, 吕金昌, journalName=首都公共卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈东宛,李永进,吕金昌,等.北京市某区三所学校食堂午餐食物供应情况分析[J].首都公共卫生202014(4):202-205., articleTitle=北京市某区三所学校食堂午餐食物供应情况分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342472484344696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=14, issue=4, pageStart=202, pageEnd=205, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Chen DW, Li YJ, Lv JC, journalName=Capital Journal of Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen DW, Li YJ, Lv JC, et al. Analysis of food supply of primary and secondary school canteens and students’ lunch in a district of Beijing[J]. Capital Journal of Public Health, 2020, 14(4): 202-205., articleTitle=Analysis of food supply of primary and secondary school canteens and students’ lunch in a district of Beijing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342472597590907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=34, issue=12, pageStart=1212, pageEnd=1217, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=18, authorNames=高华, 张琰, 洪佳, journalName=预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高华,张琰,洪佳,等.宁波市中小学校食堂午餐供给情况调查[J].预防医学202234(12):1212-1217., articleTitle=宁波市中小学校食堂午餐供给情况调查, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342472698254206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=34, issue=12, pageStart=1212, pageEnd=1217, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Gao H, Zhang Y, Hong J, journalName=Journal of Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gao H, Zhang Y, Hong J, et al. Investigation of lunch supply in primary and middle school dining rooms inNingbo City[J]. Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(12): 1212-1217., articleTitle=Investigation of lunch supply in primary and middle school dining rooms inNingbo City, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342472836666244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=231, pageEnd=235, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=20, authorNames=顾昉, 章荣华, 李丹, journalName=中国学校卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=顾昉,章荣华,李丹,等.浙江省儿童青少年单纯性肥胖影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生201536(2):231-235., articleTitle=浙江省儿童青少年单纯性肥胖影响因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342472979272586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=231, pageEnd=235, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Gu F, Zhang RH, Li D, journalName=Chinese Journal of School Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gu F, Zhang RH, Li D, et al. Analysis of influencing factors on obesity among adolescents inZhejiang province[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2015, 36(2): 231-235., articleTitle=Analysis of influencing factors on obesity among adolescents inZhejiang province, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342473096713101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=215, issue=null, pageStart=377, pageEnd=382, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Zhou B, Webster J, Fu LY, journalName=International Journal of Cardiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou B, Webster J, Fu LY, et al. Intake of low Sodium salt substitute for 3years attenuates the increase in blood pressure in a rural population ofNorth China - A randomized controlled trial[J]. International Journal of Cardiology, 2016, 215: 377-382., articleTitle=Intake of low Sodium salt substitute for 3years attenuates the increase in blood pressure in a rural population ofNorth China - A randomized controlled trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342473176404883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=42, issue=2, pageStart=207, pageEnd=210, 214, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=23, authorNames=吴西梅, 黄伟雄, 邵义娟, journalName=中国学校卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴西梅,黄伟雄,邵义娟,等.珠三角地区部门中小学生在校午餐营养供给状况评估[J].中国学校卫生202142(2):207-210, 214., articleTitle=珠三角地区部门中小学生在校午餐营养供给状况评估, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342473264485270, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=42, issue=2, pageStart=207, pageEnd=210, 214, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Wu XM, Huang WX, Shao YJ, journalName=Chinese Journal of School Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu XM, Huang WX, Shao YJ, et al. Evaluation of nutritional supply for lunch in primary and secondary school students in the pearl river delta region[J].Chinese Journal of School Health, 2021, 42(2): 207-210, 214., articleTitle=Evaluation of nutritional supply for lunch in primary and secondary school students in the pearl river delta region, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342473360954269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=6, pageStart=657, pageEnd=661, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=25, authorNames=孙卓, 朱元申, 邓泽群, journalName=中国公共卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙卓,朱元申,邓泽群,等.上海市中小学生学校午餐供应、丢弃、营养评价及满意度现状[J].中国公共卫生202238(6):657-661., articleTitle=上海市中小学生学校午餐供应、丢弃、营养评价及满意度现状, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342473465811874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=6, pageStart=657, pageEnd=661, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Sun Z, Zhu YS, Deng ZQ, journalName=Chinese Journal of Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun Z, Zhu YS, Deng ZQ, et al. Consumption, leftover, nutrition and diners’ satisfaction of school lunches among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2022, 38(6): 657-661., articleTitle=Consumption, leftover, nutrition and diners’ satisfaction of school lunches among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342473574863782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=35, issue=6, pageStart=434, pageEnd=435, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=27, authorNames=冯月明, 张杰, 滕克强, journalName=中国校医, refType=null, unstructuredReference=冯月明,张杰,滕克强,等.北京市密云区农村中小学生校园午餐剩饭现状[J].中国校医202135(6):434-435., articleTitle=北京市密云区农村中小学生校园午餐剩饭现状, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342473776190379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=35, issue=6, pageStart=434, pageEnd=435, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Feng YM, Zhang J, Teng KQ, journalName=Chinese Journal of School Doctor, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Feng YM, Zhang J, Teng KQ, et al. The current situation of lunch leftover among rural primary and secondary school students inMiyun district, Beijing[J]. Chinese Journal of School Doctor, 2021, 35(6): 434-435., articleTitle=The current situation of lunch leftover among rural primary and secondary school students inMiyun district, Beijing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342473864270766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=14, issue=6, pageStart=307, pageEnd=310, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=29, authorNames=陈东宛, 李永进, 刘秀峰, journalName=首都公共卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈东宛,李永进,刘秀峰,等.北京市顺义区初中学生午餐满意度现状调查[J].首都公共卫生202014(6):307-310., articleTitle=北京市顺义区初中学生午餐满意度现状调查, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342473960739763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=14, issue=6, pageStart=307, pageEnd=310, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Chen DW, Li YJ, Liu XF, journalName=Capital Journal of Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen DW, Li YJ, Liu XF, et al. The investigation of lunch satisfaction in Junior middle school students in Shunyi district of Beijing[J]. Capital Journal of Public Health, 2020, 14(6): 307-310., articleTitle=The investigation of lunch satisfaction in Junior middle school students in Shunyi district of Beijing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342474069791668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=42, issue=2, pageStart=198, pageEnd=202, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=31, authorNames=许翎婕, 邱付平, 陈智球, journalName=中国学校卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=许翎婕,邱付平,陈智球,等.长沙市义务教育学校学生午餐满意率及剩饭现状[J].中国学校卫生202142(2):198-202., articleTitle=长沙市义务教育学校学生午餐满意率及剩饭现状, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342474153677753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=42, issue=2, pageStart=198, pageEnd=202, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Xu LJ, Qiu FP, Chen ZQ, journalName=Chinese Journal of School Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu LJ, Qiu FP, Chen ZQ, et al. Lunch satisfaction and leftovers among students ofChangsha compulsory education schools[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2021, 42(2): 198-202., articleTitle=Lunch satisfaction and leftovers among students ofChangsha compulsory education schools, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342474229175224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=5, pageStart=581, pageEnd=585, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=33, authorNames=赵栋, 邹艳, 苏丹婷, journalName=中国公共卫生, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵栋,邹艳,苏丹婷,等.浙江省2021年中小学生午餐剩饭剩菜及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生202339(5):581-585., articleTitle=浙江省2021年中小学生午餐剩饭剩菜及影响因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241342474304672701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=39, issue=5, pageStart=581, pageEnd=585, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Zhao D, Zou Y, Su DT, journalName=Chinese Journal of Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao D, Zou Y, Su DT, et al. Prevalence and influence factors of school lunch food waste among primary and middle school students in Zhejiang province, 2021[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2023, 39(5): 581-585., articleTitle=Prevalence and influence factors of school lunch food waste among primary and middle school students in Zhejiang province, 2021, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241342469011460870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, awardId=Y20210375, language=CN, fundingSource=温州市科技局基础性医疗卫生科技项目(Y20210375), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241342463256875436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463265264046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241342463273652656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, companyId=1241342463256875436, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241342467883193026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Changes in the rate of leftover lunch in junior high school canteens in Wenzhou City before and after intervention, figureFileSmall=CYdoawsmFiYs7VCYoz56Cw==, figureFileBig=Tp3imbbGIthoPURQQuKAjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241342467992244937, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=CN, label=图1, caption=干预前后温州市初中食堂午餐剩菜剩饭率变化情况, figureFileSmall=CYdoawsmFiYs7VCYoz56Cw==, figureFileBig=Tp3imbbGIthoPURQQuKAjQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241342468571058915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Changes in the supply of various types of food for lunch in junior high school canteens in Wenzhou City before and after intervention

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食物类别2021年2022年U/tP推荐量
谷薯类(g)108.45121.580.868a0.395150.00
蔬菜类(g)123.20133.270.662a0.540170.00
水果类(g)17.4164.052.342a0.029110.00
大豆及其制品和坚果(g)14.2216.73-0.496b0.62014.00
畜禽肉类(g)89.9373.36-0.186b0.85222.00
奶及奶制品(g)0.000.00-0.845b0.398100.00
蛋类(g)14.9711.90-0.680a0.50430.00
鱼虾类(g)29.3018.30-1.914a0.07022.00
植物油(g)16.2412.36-0.365a0.71910.00
盐(g)2.584.090.614a0.5472.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241342468692693738, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

干预前后温州市初中食堂午餐各类食物供应量变化情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
食物类别2021年2022年U/tP推荐量
谷薯类(g)108.45121.580.868a0.395150.00
蔬菜类(g)123.20133.270.662a0.540170.00
水果类(g)17.4164.052.342a0.029110.00
大豆及其制品和坚果(g)14.2216.73-0.496b0.62014.00
畜禽肉类(g)89.9373.36-0.186b0.85222.00
奶及奶制品(g)0.000.00-0.845b0.398100.00
蛋类(g)14.9711.90-0.680a0.50430.00
鱼虾类(g)29.3018.30-1.914a0.07022.00
植物油(g)16.2412.36-0.365a0.71910.00
盐(g)2.584.090.614a0.5472.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241342468780774132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Changes in energy and nutrient supply for lunch in junior high school canteens in Wenzhou City before and after intervention

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
营养素2021年2022年U/tP推荐量
能量(kcal)887.09956.890.890a0.384980.00
蛋白质(g)44.7740.771.698a0.10520.00
钙(mg)202.16229.23-0.0460a0.964380.00
铁(mg)8.999.360.668a0.5127.20
锌(mg)5.765.592.280a0.0344.20
维生素A(μgRAE)63.43143.62-3.261a0.004288.00
维生素B1(mg)0.440.461.367a0.1870.56
维生素B2(mg)0.390.46-1.121b0.2620.56
维生素C(mg)19.6352.32-2.638b0.00838.00
膳食纤维(g)3.634.33-0.593b0.5538.00
脂肪供能比(%)37.3033.18-2.173a0.04120.00-30.00
碳水化合物供能比(%)42.5750.301.996a0.05950.00-65.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241342468881437438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241342457435181231, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

干预前后温州市初中食堂午餐能量与营养素供应量变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
营养素2021年2022年U/tP推荐量
能量(kcal)887.09956.890.890a0.384980.00
蛋白质(g)44.7740.771.698a0.10520.00
钙(mg)202.16229.23-0.0460a0.964380.00
铁(mg)8.999.360.668a0.5127.20
锌(mg)5.765.592.280a0.0344.20
维生素A(μgRAE)63.43143.62-3.261a0.004288.00
维生素B1(mg)0.440.461.367a0.1870.56
维生素B2(mg)0.390.46-1.121b0.2620.56
维生素C(mg)19.6352.32-2.638b0.00838.00
膳食纤维(g)3.634.33-0.593b0.5538.00
脂肪供能比(%)37.3033.18-2.173a0.04120.00-30.00
碳水化合物供能比(%)42.5750.301.996a0.05950.00-65.00
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1770628902248, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1227669854342280188, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902278, updatedTime=1770628902278, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1227669854396806141, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902291, updatedTime=1770628902291, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
营养干预措施对温州市初中学校食堂午餐供应及剩菜剩饭率的影响
收藏切换
PDF下载
蔡圆圆 , 刘倩倩 , 温丹丹 , 夏子淇 , 高四海 , 陈民和
现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2024,51(4): 625-629
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2024, 51(4): 625-629
营养干预措施对温州市初中学校食堂午餐供应及剩菜剩饭率的影响
全屏
蔡圆圆, 刘倩倩, 温丹丹, 夏子淇, 高四海 , 陈民和
作者信息
  • 温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000
  • 蔡圆圆(1987—),女,本科,副主任医师,研究方向:营养与食品卫生

通讯作者:

高四海,E-mail:
Effects of nutritional intervention measures on lunch supply and leftover rate in middle school canteens, Wenzhou
Yuan-yuan CAI, Qian-qian LIU, Dan-dan WEN, Zi-qi XIA, Si-hai GAO , Min-he CHEN
Affiliations
  • Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 32500, China
出版时间: 2024-02-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

评价营养干预措施对温州市学生午餐各类食物、能量和营养素供应量及剩菜剩饭率的干预效果。

方法

2021—2022年在温州市13个县(市、区)各随机抽取一所初中,在干预前后分别对学校进行连续一周采用称重法和记账法对食堂各类食物的供应量和每日就餐人数进行调查,对剩菜、剩饭进行分类称重。干预措施包括营养供餐支持、营养健康教育。结果参照《学生餐营养指南》、《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(2013版)》进行评价。

结果

干预后,温州市初中学校食堂食物供应方面达到推荐量80.00%的食物有谷薯类、鱼虾类,低于推荐量80.00%的食物有蔬菜类、水果类、蛋类、奶类,高于推荐量120.00%的食物有禽畜肉类、植物油、盐,其中水果类、鱼虾类的供应量得到明显改善(t=2.342,P=0.029;t=-1.914,P=0.070)。营养素供应方面达到推荐量60.00%的营养素有能量、钙、维生素B1、维生素B2的供应量及碳水化合物供能比,低于推荐量60.00%的营养素有维生素A、膳食纤维,蛋白质、锌、铁、维生素C的供应量及脂肪供能比均高于推荐量,其中锌、维生素A、维生素C供应量及脂肪供能比得到明显改善(t=2.280,P=0.0340;t=-3.261,P=0.004;U=-2.638,P=0.008;t=-2.173,P=0.041)。主食、素菜剩菜剩饭率下降明显(χ2=4.828,P=0.028;χ2=15.813,P<0.001)。

结论

以学校为基础采取营养供餐支持、开展营养健康教育干预办法,能在一定程度上改善学校食堂午餐食物、能量和营养素供应状况,降低学生剩饭、剩菜率。

营养干预  /  学校午餐  /  食物供应
Objective

To evaluate the intervention effect of nutritional intervention measures on the supply of various foods, energy, and nutrients for lunch among students in Wenzhou, as well as the rate of leftover food.

Methods

From 2021 to 2022, a middle school was randomly selected from 13districts in Wenzhou City. Before and after the intervention, the school was surveyed for a continuous week using weighing and accounting methods to investigate the supply of various types of food in the cafeteria and the daily number of diners. Leftovers were classified and weighed. Intervention measures include nutritional meal support and nutritional health education. The results were evaluated based on the "Student Dietary Nutrition Guidelines" and the "Reference Intakes of Dietary Nutrients for Chinese Residents (2013 Edition)".

Results

After the intervention, the food supply in the cafeteria of junior high schools in Wenzhou reached 80.00% of the recommended amount, including grains, potatoes, fish, and shrimp. The food supply below 80.00% of the recommended amount was vegetables, fruits, eggs, and milk. The food supply above 120.00% of the recommended amount was poultry and animal meat, vegetable oil, and salt. The supply of fruits, fish, and shrimp was significantly improved (t=2.342, P=0.029; t=-1.914, P=0.070). In terms of nutrient supply, nutrients that reach 60.00% of the recommended amount include energy, calcium, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and carbohydrate energy supply ratio. Nutrients that are lower than 60% of the recommended amount include vitamin A, dietary fiber, protein, zinc, iron, vitamin C, and fat energy supply ratio. Among them, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin C supply and fat energy supply ratio have been significantly improved (t=2.280, P=0.0340; t=-3.261, P=0.004; U=-2.638, P=0.008; t=-2.173, P=0.041). The rate of leftover staple and vegetarian dishes decreased significantly (χ2=4.828, P=0.028; χ2=15.813, P<0.001).

Conclusion

Based on schools, adopting nutritional meal support and implementing nutritional health education interventions can to some extent improve the supply of lunch food, energy, and nutrients in school canteens, and reduce the rate of leftover food and vegetables among students.

Nutritional intervention  /  School lunch  /  Food supply
蔡圆圆, 刘倩倩, 温丹丹, 夏子淇, 高四海, 陈民和. 营养干预措施对温州市初中学校食堂午餐供应及剩菜剩饭率的影响. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (4) : 625 -629 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134
Yuan-yuan CAI, Qian-qian LIU, Dan-dan WEN, Zi-qi XIA, Si-hai GAO, Min-he CHEN. Effects of nutritional intervention measures on lunch supply and leftover rate in middle school canteens, Wenzhou[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (4) : 625 -629 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134
改革开放以来,随着我国经济水平的快速增长,我国城乡学生的生长发育水平不断提高,儿童营养健康状况有了较大的改善,但依然存在包括肥胖和微量营养素缺乏在内的各种形式营养不良[1]。中学生正处于生长发育的关键时期,一日三餐的饮食摄入是提供生长发育所需的能量、营养素的重要途径。当中学生由于营养摄入不均衡引起健康问题后,不仅会影响正常发育,严重时还会引发生理、心理疾病[2]。学生午餐提供了一天中40%左右的能量和各类营养素[3],与学生的生长发育和健康成长密切相关。
2017年国家卫健委发布《学生餐营养指南》(WS/T 554-2017),标准明确规定了学生餐一日三餐的能量及营养素供给量、食物的种类及数量和配餐原则[4]。2019年浙江省小学食堂午餐供餐调查结果显示午餐供应情况不容乐观,供应结构不合理,某些营养素供应量与推荐量差距较大[5]。温州市实行学生午餐管理以来,随着阳光厨房在企业和学校食堂的逐步推广,一些数据也提示我市学生营养不良并不完全是经济因素造成的,它与不良的饮食习惯及营养不平衡的膳食有关[6]。本研究于2021—2022年在温州市13个县(市、区)开展初中食堂午餐食物和营养素供应调查,旨在通过分析干预前后学校食堂的食物、能量和营养素供应情况变化,学生剩菜剩饭率变化,掌握并评价温州市初中学生午餐各类食物、能量和营养素的供应情况及营养干预措施效果,为深入持久地开展义务教育学生营养改善工作提供依据。
在温州地区13个县(市、区)采用随机抽样的方法,每个地区抽取学校食堂供餐模式提供学生午餐的初中1所,共计13所学校作为学生午餐供应调查对象,共3 092名学生作为干预对象。七年级(12~13岁)共1 027人,男女比例为1.23;八年级(13~14岁)共1 015人,男女比例为1.18;九年级(14~15岁)共1 050人,男女比例为1.25。2021年5—6月完成基线调查,2022年9—10月之前完成干预和调查。所有调查学校负责人或食堂负责人、学生签署知情同意书,负责人填写调查问卷。本研究经温州市疾病预防控制中心医学伦理委员会审查并批准(审批号:WZCDCLLSC-2023-003)。
采用浙江省疾控中心提供的学校食堂供餐基本情况调查表对学校营养健康教育课开展情况、食谱制定情况、配餐依据原则、供餐模式开展调查。
1.2.1.2.1 学校食堂午餐供应情况
采用食物称重法和记账法,连续5天(周一至周五)称重记录学校食堂各种食物的结存量、入库量、剩余量、废弃量和用途,同时记录每日用餐人数,参照《学生餐营养指南》(WS/T 554-2017)中食物的分类,将调查食物按照编码分为10类,分别为谷薯类、蔬菜类、水果类、大豆及其制品和坚果、禽畜肉类、奶及奶制品、蛋类、鱼虾类、植物油、盐。计算各类食物每人每日平均供应量,某类食物每人每日平均供应量=(一周结存量+入库量-剩余量)/(一周就餐学生总人数);再利用专业软件,计算能量和营养素每人每日平均供应量;结果以每标准人日供应量表示。其中,本文折算系数如下:以12~14岁(七至九年级)男生为标准人,参考《学生餐营养指南》(WS/T 554-2017)[4]和《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量(2013版)》[7],12~14岁女生的折算系数为0.86。
1.2.1.2.2 学生午餐剩饭剩菜情况
学生餐由食堂工作人员统一配送至班级门口,各年级餐量一人一份固定。根据主食、素菜、肉菜分类,以班级为单位将当天学生倒掉的剩菜、剩饭分类称重,再参照省疾控中心提供的生熟比计算食物生重,同时记录每日用餐人数,剩菜剩饭率=某类食物一周剩余总量/某类食物一周供应总量*100%。
(1)营养供餐支持:采用学生电子营养师软件为学校设计符合平衡膳食要求的带量食谱,每学期对学校食堂工作人员开展1次培训,共计2次,培训内容为中小学学生餐现状及学生餐配餐原则(学生餐营养指南)。(2)营养健康教育:每月给学校发放1次营养健康宣传资料,为期一年,主题包括《合理安排膳食 确保食品安全》、《中国居民平衡膳食宝塔》、《中国居民膳食指南(2022)的八条准则》、《普及平衡膳食知识,共创美好生活》等;每学期设置营养健康课程并定期开课,课程内容包括《快乐营养之旅》、《学做食物搭配小达人》、《小标签大学问》、《零食选择我最棒》、《和含糖饮料说再见》、《健康快乐行,52110》。
参考浙江省疾控中心提供的分析评价方法,依据《学生餐营养指南》(WS/T 554-2017)[5]标准对学生午餐各类食物和营养素供应量进行评价,以12~14岁男性参考值为标准。其中,午餐能量和营养素供给量以《学生餐营养指南》(WS/T 554-2017)[5]标准推荐的全天能量和营养素供给量的40.00%为标准进行评价。评价食物供应量时,以推荐量的80.00%~120.00%范围内为适宜水平,低于80.00%为过低,高于120.00%为过高。评价能量和营养素供应量时,能量供应量以在推荐量的90.00%~110.00%范围内为适宜水平,低于90.00%为过低,高于110.00%为过高;蛋白质供应量以在推荐量的80.00%~120.00%范围内为适宜水平,低于80.00%为过低,高于120.00%为过高;脂肪供能比(%)适宜范围为20.00%~30.00%;碳水化合物供能比(%)适宜范围为50.00%~65.00%;其他营养素供应量以达到推荐量的60.00%为适宜水平,低于60.00%为过低。
对调查人员进行统一培训,各种称重仪器在每次使用前做好校准,调查问卷经专家评审后修订,现场督导和质控由疾控中心人员负责。
采用SPSS 27.0统计分析软件对数据进行分析。采用Shapiro-Wilk法对数据进行正态性检验,采用t检验(数据呈正态分布时)或Mann-Whitney U检验(数据呈非正态分布时)分析两组之间的差异,采用卡方检验分析两组率的差异。检验水准α=0.05。
本次调查的13所学校中,6所(46.15%)学校配备专兼职营养师或者健康教育老师;3所(23.07%)学校设置了营养健康课;10所(76.92%)学校有制作食谱且每周更新,其中6所(46.15%)表示有参考标准制作食谱。学校食堂配餐时依据的主要原则有:学生口味5所(38.46%)、专业营养配餐软件3所(23.07%)、经济实惠2所(15.38%),其他3所(23.07%)。11 所(84.62%)学校食堂提供配餐(份饭),2所(15.38%)学校学生自主选择。
2022年,初中食堂午餐各类食物供应中谷薯类的供应量由108.45 g增加至121.58 g(t=0.868,P=0.395),达到推荐量的80.00%;蔬菜类、水果类的供应量分别由123.20 g、17.41 g增加至133.27 g(t=0.662,P=0.540)、64.05 g(t=2.342,P=0.029),仍低于推荐量的80.00%;蛋类的供应量由14.97 g降至11.90 g(t=-0.680,P=0.504),仍低于推荐量的80.00%;奶及奶制品的供应量仍为0.00 g(U=-0.845,P=0.398),但由2021年仅1所学校提供增加至3所学校;禽畜肉类、鱼虾类、植物油的供应量分别由89.93 g、29.30 g、16.24 g降至73.36 g(U=-0.186,P=0.852)、18.30 g(t= -1.914,P=0.070)、12.36 g(t=-0.365,P=0.719),其中禽畜肉类、植物油仍高于推荐量的120.00%,鱼虾类的供应量降至推荐量适宜范围内;大豆及其制品的供应量由14.22 g增加至16.73 g(U= -0.496,P=0.620),均在推荐量适宜范围内;盐的供应量由2.58 g增加至4.09 g(t= 0.614,P=0.547),仍高于推荐量的120.00%。由此可见,初中食堂午餐各类食物供应量得到改善的为水果类、鱼虾类。见表1
2022年,初中食堂午餐能量和营养素供应量中,能量、钙、维生素B1、维生素B2的供应量及碳水化合物供能比分别由887.09 kcal、202.16 mg、0.44 mg、0.39 mg、42.57%增加至956.89 kcal(t=0.890,P=0.384)、229.23 mg(t=-0.0460,P=0.964)、0.46 mg(t=1.367,P=0.187)、0.46 mg(U=-1.121,P=0.262)、50.30%(t=1.996,P=0.0590),均在推荐量适宜范围内;维生素A、膳食纤维的供应量分别由63.43 μgRAE、3.63 g增加至143.62 μgRAE(t=-3.261,P=0.004)、4.33 g(U=-0.593,P=0.553),仍低于推荐量的60.00%;蛋白质、锌的供应量分别由44.77 g、5.76 mg降至40.77 g(t=1.698,P=0.105)、5.59 mg(t=2.28,P=0.034),仍高于推荐量的120.00%;铁、维生素C的供应量分别由8.99 mg、19.63 mg增加至9.36 mg(t=0.668,P=0.512)、52.32 mg(U=-2.638,P=0.008),均高于推荐量;脂肪供能比由37.30%降低至33.18%(t=-2.173,P=0.0410),仍高于推荐量。由此可见,初中食堂午餐能量和营养素供应量得到改善的为锌、维生素A、维生素C、脂肪供能比。见表2
2022年,初中食堂午餐主食剩饭率由6.40%降至3.48%(χ2=4.828,P=0.028),素菜剩菜率由23.25%降至16.22%(χ2=15.813,P<0.001),荤菜剩菜率由13.19%降至11.74%(χ2=0.411,P=0.521)。见图1
本次研究结果表明,以学校为基础采取营养供餐支持、开展营养健康教育干预办法,能在一定程度上改善学校食堂午餐食物、能量和营养素供应状况,降低学生剩饭、剩菜率,但仍存在部分食物、营养素供应量和推荐量不符的现象。
经过干预后,水果类供应量明显增加,但尚未达到推荐量的80.00%,谷薯类、蔬菜类供应量均增加且前者达到推荐量的80.00%,但无统计学意义。谷薯类、蔬菜类、水果类是碳水化合物、维生素、矿物质、膳食纤维的重要来源,其中的膳食纤维可以起到促进排便、降低血糖和胆固醇的作用[8]。干预后,奶及奶制品供应量中位数仍为0.00 g,提供学校由1家增加为3家,这和陈东宛等[9]报道的北京市某区三所学校食堂午餐食物供应情况中三所学校均未供应奶及奶制品、高华等[10]报道的宁波市农村初中学校均未提供奶类和水果类相仿。奶及奶制品是钙和优质蛋白质的良好来源,对处于生长发育阶段的青少年来说是必不可少的[3]。应继续加强对饮奶的宣传教育,营造良好的社会氛围;学校食堂午餐提供奶及奶制品存在增加成本的困难,因此建议政府在这方面提供一定财政补助。禽畜肉类供应量由推荐量的4.09倍降至3.34倍,干预效果并不明显,过量禽畜肉摄入将会导致青少年超重和肥胖率增长,顾昉等[11]研究的浙江省儿童青少年单纯性肥胖影响因素分析指出饮食中以肉类为主的男生超重率最高(18.60%),且最喜欢吃肥肉的男生超重率最高。鱼虾类供应量明显减少,由推荐量的1.33倍降为推荐量的83.20%,这和禽畜肉供应量居高不下形成明显对比。可能原因为初中学生处于生长发育高峰期,相比较鱼虾类,禽畜肉类食物更能满足他们的口味、生理需求;同时学校食堂考虑到食物成本,能提供的鱼虾类食材未必新鲜,在得到学生负反馈的情况下,会较大幅度地减少鱼虾类供应。干预措施对植物油、盐的供应量并没有改善,特别是盐不降反升,长此以往,会增加超重、肥胖、青少年高血压的患病风险[12]
膳食结构改善的同时营养素也会随之改善。随着水果类供应量的增加,维生素C的供应量也明显增加。维生素A 的供应量明显增加可能是学校在减少禽畜肉类供应量的基础上,增加了禽畜肝脏的供应,但尚未达到推荐量的50.00%,这和吴西梅[13]、孙卓[14]等报道的情况相似。脂肪供能比由37.30%降至33.18%,显示了干预措施有明显效果,但仍高于推荐值。干预措施对本就供应量只达推荐量45.36%的膳食纤维没有明显效果,这可能和蔬菜类供应量没有增加有关[8]
温州市初中生午餐剩饭剩菜率较高,特别是素菜的剩菜率在干预前高达23.25%,荤菜、主食分别排第二、第三名,和冯月明等[15]报道的北京市密云区农村中小学生校园午餐剩饭现状、陈东宛等[16]报道的北京市顺义区初中学生午餐满意度现状调查结果略有不同。有文献报道指出,学生剩饭剩菜的主要原因为对午餐的满意率低,包括不喜欢某些食物、口味偏好、饭菜吃不完以及其他原因[6,17-18]。而老师陪餐则会大大降低学生的剩菜剩饭率[15]。另外没上过营养与食品安全课程、高频次吃零食可能也是学生剩饭剩菜的影响因素[18]。本次干预后,主食、素菜的剩菜剩饭率均有所下降,且有统计学意义。继续建议学校配餐时在营养均衡的前提下考虑学生口味、食材喜好、饭量等因素,避免食物浪费,同时可以让老师陪餐以降低剩菜剩饭率。
根据本次研究结果,应继续加强初中生营养健康教育,可针对钙、维生素A、膳食纤维等营养素缺乏开展专题讲座;提升厨师烹饪技能,通过选择学生喜欢的食物烹调低盐少油的菜品来保障学生营养均衡,降低剩饭剩菜率。本次研究存在以下不足:剩菜剩饭食物分类和供应食物分类不一致,无法计算、评价各类食物实际摄入情况。
  • 温州市科技局基础性医疗卫生科技项目(Y20210375)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
中国学生营养与健康促进会,中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所.改善农村学生营养,共同托起民族未来[M].北京:中国人口出版社,2012.
China Student Nutrition and Health Promotion Association, Nutrition and Food Safety Institute, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. To improve the nutrition of rural students, and jointly hold up the future of the nation[M]. Beijing: China Population Publishing House, 2012
[2]
张倩,胡小琪,赵文华,等.我国中小学生营养现状及改善建议[J].中国学校卫生201637(5):641-643.
Zhang Q, Hu XQ, Zhao WH, et al. Nutritional status and improvement suggestions for primary and secondary school students in China[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2016, 37(5): 641-643.
[3]
中国营养学会.中国居民膳食指南-2022[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2022
Chinese Nutrition Society. Dietary guidelines for Chinese residents(2022)[M]. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2022.
[4]
中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.WS/T 554-2017 学生餐营养指南[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2017
National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic ofChina. WS/T 554-2017 Student Meal Nutrition Guidelines[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2017.
[5]
赵栋,韩丹,朱大方,等.浙江省公立小学食堂午餐供餐现状[J].中国学校卫生202142(8):1152-1155.
Zhao D, Han D, Zhu DF, et al. Lunch supply in public primary school canteens inZhejiang province[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2021, 42(8): 1152-1155.
[6]
王良,朱文丽.中国学生营养午餐及剩饭问题因素分析[J].中国学校卫生201435(10):1598-1600.
Wang L, Zhu WL. Analysis of factors influencing nutritional lunch and leftover for Chinese students[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2014, 35(10): 1598-1600.
[7]
中国营养学会.中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量速查手册[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2014
Chinese Soclety of Nutrition. Chinese DRIs handbook[M]. Beijing: Standards Press Of China, 2014.
[8]
孙长颢.营养与食品卫生学[M].8版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2017
Sun CH. Nutrition and food hygiene[M]. 8th ed.Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2017.
[9]
陈东宛,李永进,吕金昌,等.北京市某区三所学校食堂午餐食物供应情况分析[J].首都公共卫生202014(4):202-205.
Chen DW, Li YJ, Lv JC, et al. Analysis of food supply of primary and secondary school canteens and students’ lunch in a district of Beijing[J]. Capital Journal of Public Health, 2020, 14(4): 202-205.
[10]
高华,张琰,洪佳,等.宁波市中小学校食堂午餐供给情况调查[J].预防医学202234(12):1212-1217.
Gao H, Zhang Y, Hong J, et al. Investigation of lunch supply in primary and middle school dining rooms inNingbo City[J]. Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(12): 1212-1217.
[11]
顾昉,章荣华,李丹,等.浙江省儿童青少年单纯性肥胖影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生201536(2):231-235.
Gu F, Zhang RH, Li D, et al. Analysis of influencing factors on obesity among adolescents inZhejiang province[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2015, 36(2): 231-235.
[12]
Zhou B, Webster J, Fu LY, et al. Intake of low Sodium salt substitute for 3years attenuates the increase in blood pressure in a rural population ofNorth China - A randomized controlled trial[J]. International Journal of Cardiology, 2016, 215: 377-382.
[13]
吴西梅,黄伟雄,邵义娟,等.珠三角地区部门中小学生在校午餐营养供给状况评估[J].中国学校卫生202142(2):207-210, 214.
Wu XM, Huang WX, Shao YJ, et al. Evaluation of nutritional supply for lunch in primary and secondary school students in the pearl river delta region[J].Chinese Journal of School Health, 2021, 42(2): 207-210, 214.
[14]
孙卓,朱元申,邓泽群,等.上海市中小学生学校午餐供应、丢弃、营养评价及满意度现状[J].中国公共卫生202238(6):657-661.
Sun Z, Zhu YS, Deng ZQ, et al. Consumption, leftover, nutrition and diners’ satisfaction of school lunches among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2022, 38(6): 657-661.
[15]
冯月明,张杰,滕克强,等.北京市密云区农村中小学生校园午餐剩饭现状[J].中国校医202135(6):434-435.
Feng YM, Zhang J, Teng KQ, et al. The current situation of lunch leftover among rural primary and secondary school students inMiyun district, Beijing[J]. Chinese Journal of School Doctor, 2021, 35(6): 434-435.
[16]
陈东宛,李永进,刘秀峰,等.北京市顺义区初中学生午餐满意度现状调查[J].首都公共卫生202014(6):307-310.
Chen DW, Li YJ, Liu XF, et al. The investigation of lunch satisfaction in Junior middle school students in Shunyi district of Beijing[J]. Capital Journal of Public Health, 2020, 14(6): 307-310.
[17]
许翎婕,邱付平,陈智球,等.长沙市义务教育学校学生午餐满意率及剩饭现状[J].中国学校卫生202142(2):198-202.
Xu LJ, Qiu FP, Chen ZQ, et al. Lunch satisfaction and leftovers among students ofChangsha compulsory education schools[J]. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2021, 42(2): 198-202.
[18]
赵栋,邹艳,苏丹婷,等.浙江省2021年中小学生午餐剩饭剩菜及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生202339(5):581-585.
Zhao D, Zou Y, Su DT, et al. Prevalence and influence factors of school lunch food waste among primary and middle school students in Zhejiang province, 2021[J]. Chinese Journal of Public Health, 2023, 39(5): 581-585.
2024年第51卷第4期
PDF下载
60
25
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134
  • 接收时间:2023-09-07
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2024-02-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-07
基金
温州市科技局基础性医疗卫生科技项目(Y20210375)
作者信息
    温州市疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所,温州 325000

通讯作者:

高四海,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309134
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏