Article(id=1241322666938921977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241322661654098823, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202309014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1693497600000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773883986458, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1706112000000, pubDateStr=2024-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773883986458, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773883986458, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773883986458, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241322661654098823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='2', pageStart='193', pageEnd='384', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773883985198, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773890256678, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241348966214849502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241322661654098823, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241348966214849503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241322661654098823, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=343, endPage=347, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241322668532756494, articleId=1241322666938921977, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Formaldehyde exposure and health risk assessment of indoor air in four types of public places, in Shijiazhuang city, columnId=1228016571713520579, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Supervison, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To understand the concentration of formaldehyde pollution in indoor air of four types of public places in Shijiazhuang City, and to assess the chronic non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of employees in various types of places.
Methods Using the monitoring data of health hazards in public places, we analyzed the concentration levels of formaldehyde in the indoor air of swimming pools, barber stores, beauty stores, and hotels in Shijiazhuang City in 2021-2022, and evaluated the chronic non-cancer and cancer risks of formaldehyde for employees in the above four types of public places by adopting the classic "four-step" health risk assessment model of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).
Results From 2021 to 2022, a total of 169 swimming pools, barber stores, beauty stores and hotels were randomly selected, with a total sample size of 485 formaldehyde tests, and the overall pass rate was 91.34%. The pass rate of formaldehyde concentration in the indoor air of swimming pools in the above four types of public places was 100%(161/161), 93.10%(27/29) for barber stores, 90.09%(20/22) for beauty stores and 86.08%(235/273) for guesthouses(hotels), with statistically significant differences(χ2=24.931, P<0.001); the mean value of the HQ of the chronic non-carcinogenic effect of formaldehyde for practitioners in swimming pools was less than 1, and that for practitioners in the other three types of public places was greater than 1, and swimming pools, Hairdressers, beauty stores, and hotels, the cancer risk values of formaldehyde for employees were 1.90×10-5, 8.19×10-5, 1.13×10-4, and 5.63×10-5, respectively, which were higher than the limit value(1×10-6) set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA).
Conclusion Exposure to formaldehyde in the indoor air of swimming pools in Shijiazhuang City doesn’t exceed the threshold for adverse reactions, and the chronic non-carcinogenic risk of formaldehyde for practitioners in this type of venue is low.There was a certain amount of chronic non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk for practitioners in barber stores, beauty stores, and guesthouses, and the risk value of formaldehyde for practitioners in the beauty category of venues is the highest, and it should be analyzed in further studies.
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目的 了解石家庄市四类公共场所室内空气中甲醛污染浓度,评估各类场所从业人员慢性非致癌与致癌风险。
方法 利用公共场所健康危害因素监测数据,分析2021—2022年石家庄市游泳馆、理发店、美容店、宾馆(酒店)室内空气甲醛的浓度水平,并采用美国环境保护署(US EPA)经典“四步法”健康风险评估模型,对上述四类公共场所从业人员甲醛的慢性非致癌与致癌风险进行评价。
结果 2021—2022年随机抽取石家庄市游泳馆、理发店、美容店和宾馆(酒店)共169家,甲醛检测样本量共485份,总合格率为91.34%,以上四类公共场所游泳馆室内空气中甲醛浓度合格率为100%(161/161),理发店为93.10%(27/29),美容店为90.09%(20/22)和宾馆(酒店)为86.08%(235/273),差异具有统计学意义(χ2=24.931,P<0.001);游泳馆从业人员甲醛的慢性非致癌效应HQ均值小于1,其他3类公共场所从业人员甲醛的慢性非致癌效应HQ均值大于1,游泳馆、理发店、美容店、宾馆(酒店)从业人员甲醛的致癌风险值分别为1.90×10-5、8.19×10-5、1.13×10-4、5.63×10-5,均高于美国环保局规定的限值(1×10-6)。
结论 石家庄市游泳馆室内空气中甲醛暴露量未超过不良反应阈值,该类场所从业人员甲醛的慢性非致癌风险较低;理发店、美容店、宾馆(酒店)从业人员存在一定的慢性非致癌和致癌风险,以美容类场所从业人员甲醛的风险值最高,应进一步研究分析。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=hQhmYlxo2r6BOsXRYSofBA==, magXml=A9SrN8gL/tNbeXEN7qkjaA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=WaSlb7WG/XOytFppcGCPzw==, pdfFileSize=536215, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=tcRmDpqx0Ak6grKQhBmNeA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
曾芳婷(1995—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:环境卫生学
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47(1):67-69, 73., articleTitle=基于健康风险评价模型对六安市公共场所室内甲醛暴露的研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241341060320916317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=47, issue=1, pageStart=67, pageEnd=69, 73, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Chen D, Yang Y, Luo HM, journalName=South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=
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47(1): 67-69, 73., articleTitle=Study on indoor formaldehyde exposure in public places in Lu’an City based on health risk assessment modeling, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241341056147583764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, awardId=20191492, language=CN, fundingSource=河北省医学科学研究重点课题(20191492), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241341051366077061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241341051374465669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, companyId=1241341051366077061, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Environmental Health, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241341051378659974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, companyId=1241341051366077061, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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Cumulative working hours of employees in different types of establishments in Shijiazhuang City
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| 监测场所 | 每日工作时间 (h) | 每月工作时间 (d) | 节假日休息时间 (d) | 每年工作时间 (d) | 工作年限 (年) |
|---|
| 游泳馆 | 10 | 26 | 14 | 298 | 30 |
| 理发店 | 10 | 28 | 14 | 322 | 30 |
| 美容店 | 12 | 26 | 14 | 298 | 30 |
| 宾馆(酒店) | 8 | 26 | 14 | 298 | 25 |
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石家庄市不同类型场所从业人员累计工作时间
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| 监测场所 | 每日工作时间 (h) | 每月工作时间 (d) | 节假日休息时间 (d) | 每年工作时间 (d) | 工作年限 (年) |
|---|
| 游泳馆 | 10 | 26 | 14 | 298 | 30 |
| 理发店 | 10 | 28 | 14 | 322 | 30 |
| 美容店 | 12 | 26 | 14 | 298 | 30 |
| 宾馆(酒店) | 8 | 26 | 14 | 298 | 25 |
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Detection of formaldehyde in indoor air of all kinds of places in Shijiazhuang City
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| 监测场所 | 甲醛污染物浓度(mg/m3) |
|---|
| 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 检测数(合格率%)/份 |
|---|
| 游泳馆 | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.025 | 0.010 | 0.075 | 161(100.00) |
| 理发店 | 0.040 | 0.020 | 0.061 | 0.015 | 0.120 | 29(93.10) |
| 美容店 | 0.048 | 0.041 | 0.063 | 0.018 | 0.122 | 22(90.90) |
| 宾馆(酒店) | 0.043 | 0.024 | 0.087 | 0.005 | 0.600 | 273(86.08) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241341054104957697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
石家庄市各类场所室内空气中甲醛检测情况
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| 监测场所 | 甲醛污染物浓度(mg/m3) |
|---|
| 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 | 最小值 | 最大值 | 检测数(合格率%)/份 |
|---|
| 游泳馆 | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.025 | 0.010 | 0.075 | 161(100.00) |
| 理发店 | 0.040 | 0.020 | 0.061 | 0.015 | 0.120 | 29(93.10) |
| 美容店 | 0.048 | 0.041 | 0.063 | 0.018 | 0.122 | 22(90.90) |
| 宾馆(酒店) | 0.043 | 0.024 | 0.087 | 0.005 | 0.600 | 273(86.08) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241341054214009607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Chronic non-carcinogenic health risks of formaldehyde concentration in indoor air of various types of establishments in Shijiazhuang City for employees
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| 监测场所 | ADD(mg/m3) | RfC(mg/m3) | HQ |
|---|
| 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 | 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 |
|---|
| 游泳馆 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.009 | | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.87 |
| 理发店 | 0.015 | 0.007 | 0.022 | | 1.53 | 0.75 | 2.28 |
| 美容店 | 0.020 | 0.017 | 0.026 | 9.83×10-3 | 2.03 | 1.70 | 2.61 |
| 宾馆(酒店) | 0.012 | 0.007 | 0.024 | | 1.22 | 0.75 | 2.41 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241341054310478602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
石家庄市各类场所室内空气中甲醛浓度对从业人员慢性非致癌性健康风险
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| 监测场所 | ADD(mg/m3) | RfC(mg/m3) | HQ |
|---|
| 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 | 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 |
|---|
| 游泳馆 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.009 | | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.87 |
| 理发店 | 0.015 | 0.007 | 0.022 | | 1.53 | 0.75 | 2.28 |
| 美容店 | 0.020 | 0.017 | 0.026 | 9.83×10-3 | 2.03 | 1.70 | 2.61 |
| 宾馆(酒店) | 0.012 | 0.007 | 0.024 | | 1.22 | 0.75 | 2.41 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241341055837205260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Carcinogenic risk of formaldehyde concentration in indoor air of various types of establishments in Shijiazhuang City for practitioners
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| 监测场所 | LADD(mg/m3) | IUR(m3/μg) | CR |
|---|
| 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 | 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 |
|---|
| 游泳馆 | 1.46×10-3 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 1.3×10-5 | 1.90×10-5 | 1.90×10-5 | 4.73×10-5 |
| 理发店 | 6.30×10-3 | 0.003 | 0.010 | | 8.19×10-5 | 4.10×10-5 | 1.25×10-4 |
| 美容店 | 8.40×10-3 | 0.007 | 0.011 | | 1.13×10-4 | 9.32×10-5 | 1.43×10-4 |
| 宾馆(酒店) | 4.17×10-3 | 0.002 | 0.008 | | 5.63×10-5 | 3.03×10-5 | 1.10×10-4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241341055979811600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241322666938921977, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
石家庄市各类场所室内空气中甲醛浓度对从业人员的致癌风险
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| 监测场所 | LADD(mg/m3) | IUR(m3/μg) | CR |
|---|
| 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 | 中位数 | 上四分位数 | 下四分位数 |
|---|
| 游泳馆 | 1.46×10-3 | 0.001 | 0.004 | 1.3×10-5 | 1.90×10-5 | 1.90×10-5 | 4.73×10-5 |
| 理发店 | 6.30×10-3 | 0.003 | 0.010 | | 8.19×10-5 | 4.10×10-5 | 1.25×10-4 |
| 美容店 | 8.40×10-3 | 0.007 | 0.011 | | 1.13×10-4 | 9.32×10-5 | 1.43×10-4 |
| 宾馆(酒店) | 4.17×10-3 | 0.002 | 0.008 | | 5.63×10-5 | 3.03×10-5 | 1.10×10-4 |
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