Article(id=1241319157241795399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241319148798669160, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740844800000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-02, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773883149681, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1750780800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773883149681, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773883149681, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773883149681, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241319148798669160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='12', pageStart='2113', pageEnd='2304', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773883147667, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773885555254, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241329247004971040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241319148798669160, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241329247004971041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241319148798669160, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2257, endPage=2264, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241319157979992938, articleId=1241319157241795399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Trends and projections in colon and rectum cancer burden attributable to low physical activity in China, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the trend of Colon and rectum cancer (CRC) burden attributable to low physical activity in China from 1990 to 2021, and to provide a reference for the development of effective public health strategies and healthcare resource allocation.

Methods

Relying on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 database, this study focused on the data of CRC burden attributable to low physical activity, including death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), among people ≥25 years old in China. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trends and turning points of disease burden changes, age, period and cohort effects of mortality were estimated with the age-period-cohort model, and autoregressive integral moving average (ARIMA) model was used to predict the disease burden dynamics in 2022-2030.

Results

Between 1990 and 2021, the number of deaths, crude death rate, number of DALYs, and crude DALY rate attributable to low physical activity for CRC in China increased, with the number of deaths rising from 5 735 to 16 698, and the crude death rate from 0.78/100 000 to 1.53/100 000; the number of DALYs increased from 128 353 to 320 464 years. Crude DALY rate increased from 17.55/100 000 to 29.44/100 000.Joinpoint analysis showed that the mortality and DALY rates were increasing; the total population had a fluctuating downward trend in the standardized mortality rate and the standardized DALY rate, with an average annual percentage change of -0.21%(P>0.05) and -0.29(P<0.05) for males and females, respectively. Gender differences were observed in age-standardized mortality and DALY rate trends. The age effect showed that the CRC mortality rate attributable to low physical activity basically increased with age in China, and the relative risk (RR) ranged from 0.04 to 10.75 in each age group; the period effect showed that the mortality rate monotonically increased with the period, and the RR ranged from 0.69 to 1.59 in each period; and the cohort effect showed that the mortality rate progressively decreased with the development of birth cohorts, and the RR of each birth cohort ranged from 0.25 to 5.23. The differences in the effects between genders were not significant.The ARIMA model showed that the burden will continue to increase in China from 2022 to 2030.

Conclusion

The burden of CRC attributable to low physical activity in China showed a significant upward trend from 1990 to 2021, with gender differences. The age, period, and cohort effects of its mortality risk are evident. Targeted measures are urgently needed to effectively curb the rising disease burden.

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目的

分析1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌(CRC)疾病负担变化趋势,为制定有效的公共卫生策略和医疗资源配置提供参考。

方法

本研究依托全球疾病负担研究2021数据库,聚焦我国≥25岁人群归因于低体力活动的CRC疾病负担数据,包括死亡和伤残调整寿命年(DALY)情况。运用Joinpoint回归分析疾病负担变化趋势和转折点,借助年龄-时期-队列模型估算死亡率的年龄、时期和队列效应,并通过自回归积分滑动平均(ARIMA)模型预测2022—2030年疾病负担态势。

结果

1990—2021年,我国归因于低体力活动的CRC的死亡数、粗死亡率、DALY数及粗DALY率均升高,死亡数从5 735上升至16 698,粗死亡率从0.78/10万增至1.53/10万;DALY数从128 353人年增至320 464人年,粗DALY率从17.55/10万增至29.44/10万。Joinpoint分析显示,死亡率、DALY率均呈增长态势;总人群标化死亡率、标化DALY率呈波动下降趋势,平均年度百分比变化为-0.21%(P>0.05)和-0.29(P<0.05),男性和女性的标化死亡率、标化DALY率变化趋势有性别差异。全人群年龄效应表现为我国归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡率基本随年龄增长而升高,各年龄组相对危险度(RR)范围为0.04~10.75;时期效应表现为死亡率随时期推移单调上升,各时期RR范围为0.69~1.59;队列效应显示为死亡率随出生队列发展而逐步降低,各出生队列RR范围为0.25~5.23。性别间效应差异不明显。ARIMA预测模型显示,2022—2030年我国归因于低体力活动的疾病负担将继续加重。

结论

1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的CRC负担呈显著上升趋势,且存在性别差异。其死亡风险的年龄、时期、队列效应明显。亟需采取针对性措施,来有效遏制疾病负担上升态势。

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宋晓宇,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=RJaskvGk6W9ZH1viXzDS4w==, magXml=6gCEE6RvAgeFNHSXqGEmHA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=2OpS5/fFPapEraNM7+egGw==, pdfFileSize=1586254, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=gme3ParJRJaZHcP2bMIakQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=B5SE6pmx75ii6/9nCFMR3w==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

张永庆(1998—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:慢性病管理

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张永庆(1998—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:慢性病管理

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张永庆(1998—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:慢性病管理

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(In Chinese), articleTitle=Implementing the health-first strategy, promoting the development of lifestyle medicine in China, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241319166980968761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, awardId=2025-PWXZ-01, language=CN, fundingSource=上海浦东新区高峰高原学科建设临床医学新质专科项目(2025-PWXZ-01), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241319159452193754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241319159464776667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, companyId=1241319159452193754, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200331, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241319159473165276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, companyId=1241319159452193754, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.同济大学医学院,上海 200331)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241319159640937449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241319159649326059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, companyId=1241319159640937449, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.同济大学附属东方医院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241319164305002722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Age-specific burden of CRC attributable to low physical activity in China in 1990 and 2021(A) Deaths and mortality rates, 1990(B) DALYs and rates, 1990 (C) Deaths and mortality rates, 2021 (D) DALYs and rates, 2021, figureFileSmall=bZlxW/BzhrvA35AwdzjjPg==, figureFileBig=gme3ParJRJaZHcP2bMIakQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241319164430831852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=CN, label=图1, caption=1990年和2021年我国不同年龄段归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌疾病负担(A)1990年死亡数和死亡率(B)1990年DALY数和DALY率(C)2021年死亡数和死亡率(D)2021年DALY数和DALY率

注:柱状图:死亡数/DALY数;折线图:死亡率/DALY率。

, figureFileSmall=bZlxW/BzhrvA35AwdzjjPg==, figureFileBig=gme3ParJRJaZHcP2bMIakQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241319164619575550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=RR of Age-period-cohort model for CRCmortalityattributable to low physical activity in China, 1990-2021, figureFileSmall=Hp6LuU4wWq+m65EBZUi+XQ==, figureFileBig=fwpDsCjVu1L4KfVVvWsfOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241319164732821764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=CN, label=图2, caption=1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌死亡率年龄-时期-队列模型RR, figureFileSmall=Hp6LuU4wWq+m65EBZUi+XQ==, figureFileBig=fwpDsCjVu1L4KfVVvWsfOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241319164829290763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Burden of CRC Attributable to low physical activity in China, 1990-2030(A) Deaths (B) Mortality Rate (C) Age-Standardized Mortality Rate (D) DALYs (E) DALY Rate (F) Age-Standardized DALY Rate, figureFileSmall=iXEFk+k6AkW/3On0D+4L2A==, figureFileBig=YqCU7imS+m8Wh+Avn+e1/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241319164963508503, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=CN, label=图3, caption=1990—2030年我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌疾病负担情况(A)死亡数(B)死亡率(C)标化死亡率(D)DALY数(E)DALY率(F)标化DALY率, figureFileSmall=iXEFk+k6AkW/3On0D+4L2A==, figureFileBig=YqCU7imS+m8Wh+Avn+e1/Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241319165076754719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Burden of CRC attributable to low physical activity in China, 1990 and 2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标1990年
全人群
死亡
死亡数(95% UI)5 735(3 369~8 371)2 219(1 248~3 598)3 515(1 965~5 226)
粗死亡率(1/10万,95% CI)0.78(0.46~1.14)0.59(0.33~0.96)0.99(0.55~1.47)
标化死亡率(1/10万,95% CI)0.93(0.55~1.36)0.87(0.46~1.41)1.00(0.56~1.52)
DALY
DALY数(人年,95% UI)128 353(74 847~188 832)49 988(26 889~81 669)78 364(42 820~119 872)
粗DALY率(1/10万,95% CI)17.55(10.23~25.82)13.31(7.16~21.75)22.02(12.03~33.68)
标化DALY率(1/10万,95% CI)17.12(10.06~24.93)14.98(8.35~23.75)19.38(11.00~29.15)
指标2021年EAPC(%)
全人群
死亡
死亡数(95% UI)16 698(10 065~24 626)8 205(4 356~13 220)8 493(4 654~12 937)3.52(3.33~3.71)a
粗死亡率(1/10万,95% CI)1.53(0.92~2.26)1.49(0.79~2.41)1.58(0.86~2.40)2.22(2.03~2.40)a
标化死亡率(1/10万,95% CI)0.87(0.53~1.29)1.00(0.52~1.63)0.79(0.43~1.21)-0.21(-0.43~0.01)
DALY
DALY数(人年,95% UI)320 464(192 275~474 070)158 529(85 034~260 729)161 935(87 686~246 899)2.99(2.78~3.20)a
粗DALY率(1/10万,95% CI)29.44(17.67~43.55)28.85(15.48~47.45)30.04(16.27~45.81)1.71(1.56~1.86)a
标化DALY率(1/10万,95% CI)15.63(9.47~22.88)17.04(8.99~27.15)14.79(8.04~22.44)-0.29(-0.47~-0.11)a
), ArticleFig(id=1241319166586704164, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

1990年和2021年我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌疾病负担

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标1990年
全人群
死亡
死亡数(95% UI)5 735(3 369~8 371)2 219(1 248~3 598)3 515(1 965~5 226)
粗死亡率(1/10万,95% CI)0.78(0.46~1.14)0.59(0.33~0.96)0.99(0.55~1.47)
标化死亡率(1/10万,95% CI)0.93(0.55~1.36)0.87(0.46~1.41)1.00(0.56~1.52)
DALY
DALY数(人年,95% UI)128 353(74 847~188 832)49 988(26 889~81 669)78 364(42 820~119 872)
粗DALY率(1/10万,95% CI)17.55(10.23~25.82)13.31(7.16~21.75)22.02(12.03~33.68)
标化DALY率(1/10万,95% CI)17.12(10.06~24.93)14.98(8.35~23.75)19.38(11.00~29.15)
指标2021年EAPC(%)
全人群
死亡
死亡数(95% UI)16 698(10 065~24 626)8 205(4 356~13 220)8 493(4 654~12 937)3.52(3.33~3.71)a
粗死亡率(1/10万,95% CI)1.53(0.92~2.26)1.49(0.79~2.41)1.58(0.86~2.40)2.22(2.03~2.40)a
标化死亡率(1/10万,95% CI)0.87(0.53~1.29)1.00(0.52~1.63)0.79(0.43~1.21)-0.21(-0.43~0.01)
DALY
DALY数(人年,95% UI)320 464(192 275~474 070)158 529(85 034~260 729)161 935(87 686~246 899)2.99(2.78~3.20)a
粗DALY率(1/10万,95% CI)29.44(17.67~43.55)28.85(15.48~47.45)30.04(16.27~45.81)1.71(1.56~1.86)a
标化DALY率(1/10万,95% CI)15.63(9.47~22.88)17.04(8.99~27.15)14.79(8.04~22.44)-0.29(-0.47~-0.11)a
), ArticleFig(id=1241319166712533294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Joinpoint regression analysis of burden of CRC attributable to low physical activity in China, 1990-2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
趋势分段全人群
时期(年)APC时期(年)APC时期(年)APC
死亡率
11990—19970.49a1990—19970.19a1990—19940.46a
21997—20042.29a1997—20041.37a1994—19991.97a
32004—2007-0.632004—2007-1.251999—20043.90a
42007—20113.18a2007—20111.49a2004—2007-0.17
52011—20141.62a2011—20140.262007—20105.57a
62014—20214.88a2014—20214.98a2010—20153.63a
72015—20214.86a
DALY率
11990—1997-0.39a1990—1997-0.61a1990—1995-0.23a
21997—20041.42a1997—20040.57a1995—19991.06a
32004—2007-0.822004—2007-1.42a1999—20042.97a
42007—20152.42a2007—20140.65a2004—2007-0.39
52015—20214.91a2014—20214.60a2007—20114.88a
62011—20153.42a
72015—20214.90a
标化死亡率
11990—1999-0.61a1990—2005-0.75a1990—1999-0.18a
21999—20040.50a2005—2008-2.75a1999—20042.05a
32004—2007-2.57a2008—2011-0.192004—2007-2.13a
42007—20110.682011—2014-2.99a2007—20111.92a
52011—2014-1.73a2014—20210.99a2011—2014-0.61
62014—20210.97a2014—20210.88a
标化DALY率
11990—1999-1.07a1990—2005-1.15a1990—1999-0.71a
21999—20040.122005—2008-2.65a1999—20041.56a
32004—2007-2.51a2008—2011-0.302004—2007-2.05a
42007—20110.77a2011—2014-2.61a2007—20112.25a
52011—2014-1.31a2014—20211.14a2011—20150.15
62014—20211.24a  2015—20211.40a
), ArticleFig(id=1241319166871916851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241319157241795399, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌疾病负担Joinpoint分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
趋势分段全人群
时期(年)APC时期(年)APC时期(年)APC
死亡率
11990—19970.49a1990—19970.19a1990—19940.46a
21997—20042.29a1997—20041.37a1994—19991.97a
32004—2007-0.632004—2007-1.251999—20043.90a
42007—20113.18a2007—20111.49a2004—2007-0.17
52011—20141.62a2011—20140.262007—20105.57a
62014—20214.88a2014—20214.98a2010—20153.63a
72015—20214.86a
DALY率
11990—1997-0.39a1990—1997-0.61a1990—1995-0.23a
21997—20041.42a1997—20040.57a1995—19991.06a
32004—2007-0.822004—2007-1.42a1999—20042.97a
42007—20152.42a2007—20140.65a2004—2007-0.39
52015—20214.91a2014—20214.60a2007—20114.88a
62011—20153.42a
72015—20214.90a
标化死亡率
11990—1999-0.61a1990—2005-0.75a1990—1999-0.18a
21999—20040.50a2005—2008-2.75a1999—20042.05a
32004—2007-2.57a2008—2011-0.192004—2007-2.13a
42007—20110.682011—2014-2.99a2007—20111.92a
52011—2014-1.73a2014—20210.99a2011—2014-0.61
62014—20210.97a2014—20210.88a
标化DALY率
11990—1999-1.07a1990—2005-1.15a1990—1999-0.71a
21999—20040.122005—2008-2.65a1999—20041.56a
32004—2007-2.51a2008—2011-0.302004—2007-2.05a
42007—20110.77a2011—2014-2.61a2007—20112.25a
52011—2014-1.31a2014—20211.14a2011—20150.15
62014—20211.24a  2015—20211.40a
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我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌疾病负担变化及趋势预测
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张永庆 1 , 李娜 1 , 高伊丽 1, 2 , 秦佳文 1, 2 , 俞海萍 1, 2 , 宋晓宇 2
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025,52(12): 2257-2264
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现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025, 52(12): 2257-2264
我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌疾病负担变化及趋势预测
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张永庆1, 李娜1, 高伊丽1, 2, 秦佳文1, 2, 俞海萍1, 2, 宋晓宇2
作者信息
  • 1.同济大学医学院,上海 200331
  • 2.同济大学附属东方医院
  • 张永庆(1998—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:慢性病管理

通讯作者:

宋晓宇,E-mail:
Trends and projections in colon and rectum cancer burden attributable to low physical activity in China
Yong-qing ZHANG1, Na LI1, Yi-li GAO1, 2, Jia-wen QIN1, 2, Hai-ping YU1, 2, Xiao-yu SONG2
Affiliations
  • School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200331, China
出版时间: 2025-06-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503012
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目的

分析1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌(CRC)疾病负担变化趋势,为制定有效的公共卫生策略和医疗资源配置提供参考。

方法

本研究依托全球疾病负担研究2021数据库,聚焦我国≥25岁人群归因于低体力活动的CRC疾病负担数据,包括死亡和伤残调整寿命年(DALY)情况。运用Joinpoint回归分析疾病负担变化趋势和转折点,借助年龄-时期-队列模型估算死亡率的年龄、时期和队列效应,并通过自回归积分滑动平均(ARIMA)模型预测2022—2030年疾病负担态势。

结果

1990—2021年,我国归因于低体力活动的CRC的死亡数、粗死亡率、DALY数及粗DALY率均升高,死亡数从5 735上升至16 698,粗死亡率从0.78/10万增至1.53/10万;DALY数从128 353人年增至320 464人年,粗DALY率从17.55/10万增至29.44/10万。Joinpoint分析显示,死亡率、DALY率均呈增长态势;总人群标化死亡率、标化DALY率呈波动下降趋势,平均年度百分比变化为-0.21%(P>0.05)和-0.29(P<0.05),男性和女性的标化死亡率、标化DALY率变化趋势有性别差异。全人群年龄效应表现为我国归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡率基本随年龄增长而升高,各年龄组相对危险度(RR)范围为0.04~10.75;时期效应表现为死亡率随时期推移单调上升,各时期RR范围为0.69~1.59;队列效应显示为死亡率随出生队列发展而逐步降低,各出生队列RR范围为0.25~5.23。性别间效应差异不明显。ARIMA预测模型显示,2022—2030年我国归因于低体力活动的疾病负担将继续加重。

结论

1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的CRC负担呈显著上升趋势,且存在性别差异。其死亡风险的年龄、时期、队列效应明显。亟需采取针对性措施,来有效遏制疾病负担上升态势。

结直肠癌  /  低体力活动  /  全球疾病负担
Objective

To analyze the trend of Colon and rectum cancer (CRC) burden attributable to low physical activity in China from 1990 to 2021, and to provide a reference for the development of effective public health strategies and healthcare resource allocation.

Methods

Relying on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 database, this study focused on the data of CRC burden attributable to low physical activity, including death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), among people ≥25 years old in China. Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the trends and turning points of disease burden changes, age, period and cohort effects of mortality were estimated with the age-period-cohort model, and autoregressive integral moving average (ARIMA) model was used to predict the disease burden dynamics in 2022-2030.

Results

Between 1990 and 2021, the number of deaths, crude death rate, number of DALYs, and crude DALY rate attributable to low physical activity for CRC in China increased, with the number of deaths rising from 5 735 to 16 698, and the crude death rate from 0.78/100 000 to 1.53/100 000; the number of DALYs increased from 128 353 to 320 464 years. Crude DALY rate increased from 17.55/100 000 to 29.44/100 000.Joinpoint analysis showed that the mortality and DALY rates were increasing; the total population had a fluctuating downward trend in the standardized mortality rate and the standardized DALY rate, with an average annual percentage change of -0.21%(P>0.05) and -0.29(P<0.05) for males and females, respectively. Gender differences were observed in age-standardized mortality and DALY rate trends. The age effect showed that the CRC mortality rate attributable to low physical activity basically increased with age in China, and the relative risk (RR) ranged from 0.04 to 10.75 in each age group; the period effect showed that the mortality rate monotonically increased with the period, and the RR ranged from 0.69 to 1.59 in each period; and the cohort effect showed that the mortality rate progressively decreased with the development of birth cohorts, and the RR of each birth cohort ranged from 0.25 to 5.23. The differences in the effects between genders were not significant.The ARIMA model showed that the burden will continue to increase in China from 2022 to 2030.

Conclusion

The burden of CRC attributable to low physical activity in China showed a significant upward trend from 1990 to 2021, with gender differences. The age, period, and cohort effects of its mortality risk are evident. Targeted measures are urgently needed to effectively curb the rising disease burden.

Colon and rectum cancer  /  Low physical activity  /  Global burden of disease study
张永庆, 李娜, 高伊丽, 秦佳文, 俞海萍, 宋晓宇. 我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌疾病负担变化及趋势预测. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (12) : 2257 -2264 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503012
Yong-qing ZHANG, Na LI, Yi-li GAO, Jia-wen QIN, Hai-ping YU, Xiao-yu SONG. Trends and projections in colon and rectum cancer burden attributable to low physical activity in China[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (12) : 2257 -2264 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503012
结直肠癌(Colon and rectum cancer, CRC)作为我国高发的恶性肿瘤之一,严重威胁我国居民健康。研究显示,我国CRC疾病负担呈逐渐上升趋势,年龄标化发病率高达34.2/10万,显著高于全球平均水平的28.60/10万[1]。2019年我国早发CRC新发病例87383例、死亡26 274例,较1990年分别增长264.53%、76.92%,且42.85%的早发CRC 伤残调整寿命年(Disability-adjusted life years,DALY)数源于饮食、行为及代谢因素[2]。随着社会经济转型,我国居民生活方式发生深刻变革,低体力活动水平已成为突出的公共卫生问题,我国仅有56.80%的人达到了中度运动水平标准[3]。低体力活动是CRC公认危险因素之一[4],会显著增加CRC发病和死亡风险[5-6]。定期体育锻炼已被证明具有改善免疫系统功能、减少炎症、帮助调节激素水平等功能,有助于预防CRC发展[7]。低体力活动造成的CRC疾病负担日益沉重,2019年全球范围内归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡数为5.87万例,标化死亡率高达0.77/10万[8]。1990—2019年,在中国与低体力活动相关的所有疾病中,CRC的死亡数、死亡率和 DALY 率增幅分别为237.93%、187.50%和150.21%,增幅居所有慢性病首位[9]。随着我国人口老龄化进程的加速以及居民体力活动水平普遍下降,归因于低体力活动的CRC疾病负担问题将愈发凸显。精准掌握其变化趋势,对制定针对性防控策略意义重大。
既往研究基于全球人群数据,采用估计年度百分比变化量化了1990-2020年低体力活动相关CRC年龄标化死亡率的时空演变趋势[8],但由于文化背景、生活方式及环境暴露的地域差异,其结论在中国人群中的适用性有待验证,无法支撑契合中国人群特征的防控策略制定。故而,亟需开展中国人群本土化研究,填补知识空白。本研究依托全球疾病负担研究(Global Burden of Disease Study, GBD)2021数据库,分析1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的CRC疾病负担的动态变化并预测未来的流行趋势,为我国CRC疾病管理和防控策略制定提供理论依据。
本研究数据均来源于美国华盛顿大学健康测量与评价研究院发布的GBD2021数据库[10]。该数据库采用标准化的疾病统计指标和疾病负担评估方法,系统评估了全球204个国家和地区的389种疾病与伤害,以及87种风险因素所致的疾病负担,为全球卫生政策制定提供了重要的循证依据。本研究选取GBD 2021中的中国大陆地区(除中国台湾外)的归因于低体力活动的CRC疾病负担数据进行分析。
鉴于CRC主要发生于成年人群,25岁以下死亡率较低,故本研究基于GBD 2021数据库,选取1990—2021年我国≥25岁人群CRC数据,以死亡数、死亡率、DALY数、DALY率及年龄标准化率,量化归因于低体力活动的CRC疾病负担。死亡数直观展现死亡规模,死亡率反映人群相对风险;DALY数综合早死与伤残影响,反映CRC对健康和生活质量的全面影响,DALY率排除人口干扰,利于客观评价疾病负担;年龄标化率消除年龄结构差异,便于不同年份间对比。本研究将25岁以上人群按5岁分组,共15个年龄组。在1990—2021年观察期,为规避出生队列时间重叠,采用时间点值分析,通过年份减年龄计算出生队列。
本研究运用Excel 2019软件对数据进行整理,通过统计死亡数、死亡率、DALY数及DALY率及其标化率,描述我国不同年份、性别、年龄的疾病负担情况。运用Joinpoint Regression Program 4.9.1.0软件进行Joinpoint回归模型分析,以探究疾病发展趋势的局部变化特征。该模型能识别疾病发展转折点,并依此对整体趋势进行分段,通过对数线性回归计算年度百分比变化(Annual Percent Change,APC)、估计年度百分比变化(EstimatedAPC,EAPC)和平均年度百分比变化(Average APC,AAPC),用以阐述1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡率、年龄标化死亡率、DALY率和年龄标化DALY率的变化趋势。
采用内生因子估计法构建年龄-时期-队列模型,该方法通过限定年龄、时期、队列各组系数和为零排除混杂。该模型剖析3效应以明晰死亡率随时间的变化趋势,主要参数为年龄、时期和队列的相对危险度(Relative Risk,RR)值,RR值可描述死亡风险水平。将年龄、时期和出生队列的平均死亡风险设置为参照,当RR>1时,表明死亡风险增加;当RR<1时,意味着风险降低,数值越高风险越高。运用Stata 14.0软件构建年龄-时期-队列模型。运用ARIMA模型开展时间序列预测分析,重点评估2022—2030年我国归因于低体力活动的CRC疾病负担演变趋势。通过R 4.2.3 软件“forecast”包中的auto.arima函数来拟合时间序列数据。检验水准设定为α=0.05。
1990年至2021年,我国归因于低体力活动的CRC疾病负担显著加重。死亡方面,全人群死亡数从1990年的5 735例(男2 219例,女3 515例)增至2021年的16 698例(男8 205例,女8 493例),EAPC为3.52%;粗死亡率从0.78/10万升至1.53/10万(EAPC=2.22%),标化死亡率下降(EAPC=-0.21%)。DALY方面,全人群DALY数从128 353人年(男49 988人年,女78 364人年)升至320 464人年(男158 529人年,女161 935人年),EAPC为2.99%;粗DALY率从17.55/10万升至29.44/10万(EAPC=1.71%),标化DALY率下降(EAPC=-0.29%)。见表1。相较于1990年,2021年我国各年龄段因低体力活动导致的结直肠癌死亡数和DALY数显著增多。随年龄增长,死亡数和DALY数先升后降,死亡率与DALY率持续攀升。≥55岁人群的死亡数和DALY数处于高位,是数据主要分布区间,其中75~84岁死亡人数最多,70~74岁DALY数最高。见图1
本研究运用Joinpoint分析1990—2021年我国归因低体力活动的结直肠癌疾病负担。结果显示,全人群死亡率和DALY率缓升,死亡率AAPC为2.22%(P<0.05),DALY率AAPC为1.71%(P<0.05)。2014—2021年间,死亡率增长最为显著,APC为4.88%;2015-2021年间,DALY率增长最为明显,APC为4.91%。男女趋势与全人群相似,女性死亡率和DALY率高于男性。全人群标化死亡率存在一定波动,AAPC=-0.21%(P>0.05);男性标化死亡率微弱增长,女性标化死亡率在1990—2014年连续下降。标化DALY率与标化死亡率趋势相似(AAPC=-0.29%,P<0.05),全人群和女性波动下降,男性波动上升。见表2
本研究通过年龄-时期-队列模型剖析我国归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡率的年龄、时期和队列效应。年龄效应上,全人群死亡风险随年龄显著递增,25~29岁组风险最低(RR=0.04),90~94岁组最高(RR=10.75)。时期效应显示,死亡风险随时间单调上升,1990—1994年风险最低(RR=0.69),2020—2021年最高(RR=1.59)。队列效应表明,死亡风险随出生队列后移递减,1895—1899年组(RR=5.23)风险高,1995—1999年组(RR=0.25)风险低。男性和女性的年龄、时期和队列效应与全人群相近,性别差异不明显。见图2
将1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡及DALY数据转化为时间序列,经检验,原始序列非平稳,差分处理后实现平稳化。Ljung-Box检验显示残差序列为白噪声,无自相关性,模型拟合良好,可有效预测2022—2030年疾病负担。结果表明,相关死亡数、DALY数、死亡率和DALY率将显著上升,死亡数从2022年的17 387例增至2030年的22 896例,DALY数从333 808人年升至440 555人年,死亡率从1.59/10万升至2.08/10万,DALY率从30.62/10万升至40.01/10万。标化死亡率稳定在0.87/10万左右,标化DALY率持续增长,从15.70/10万增至16.33/10万。见图3
随着我国经济发展,居民生活方式巨变,不良生活方式深入影响我国癌症谱的发展。本研究基于GBD 2021数据,剖析了1990—2021年我国归因低体力活动的CRC疾病负担变化趋势。结果显示,期间负担显著加重,死亡数从5 735例增至16 698例,DALY数从128 353人年升至320 464人年。Joinpoint分析表明,死亡率和DALY率上升,特定时段更明显,且男性负担重于女性。年龄-时期-队列分析指出,年龄、时期效应显著,死亡风险随年龄增长和时期推移而上升,队列效应则表现为晚生队列风险更低。ARIMA模型预测,未来该疾病负担的死亡数、DALY数、率等仍将持续加重。
近三十年,我国归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡率和DALY率持续攀升,根源在于居民体力活动水平普遍下降。在我国社会转型阶段,居民体力活动模式发生了结构性变迁。截至2024年末,我国城镇化率达67%,传统劳动逐渐被机械化生产替代。职业结构呈现"白领化"趋势,1990—2015年间,常规体力劳动比例从57%降至32%,脑力工作和不工作比例分别从8%、16%升至19%、31%[11]。非体力劳动型工作的典型特征之一为久坐,久坐行为增多显著提升CRC风险,有研究表明,久坐且低体力活动人群患CRC风险增加49%[12]。数据显示,我国居民日均中高强度体力活动时间仅34.78分钟,43.2%的居民未达标准[3]。生活方式干预是最有效、最经济的疾病预防手段,改善居民体力活动水平对降低CRC负担迫在眉睫。
我国归因于低体力活动的CRC疾病负担存在性别差异,男性稍重于女性[13]。1990—2021年,尽管初期女性死亡率和DALY率高于男性,但男性两项指标增长迅猛,差距不断缩小。具体数据显示,性标化死亡率和标化DALY率分别增长14.94%、13.75%,而女性分别下降26.58%、23.68%。早期女性主要承担家务等低体力活动工作,且医疗资源可及性较差,导致其死亡率和DALY率高于男性。随着社会变迁,男性工作模式转变剧烈,工作逐渐转向久坐模式,体力活动骤减,疾病负担加速上升。这一性别差异表明,未来防控需针对不同性别施策,如对男性加强工作场所健康干预,鼓励工间活动。
年龄效应显示,我国归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡风险随年龄增长而上升[14]。不同年龄段的死亡风险差异较大,90~94岁人群死亡风险是25~29岁的268.75倍。这种增长趋势主要归因于两方面因素:一方面,年龄增长导致生理机能衰退,肠道功能减弱,细胞修复能力下降,癌变风险增加[15]。另一方面,体力活动减少、肠道蠕动变缓,加之饮食结构不合理,共同推高死亡风险。值得关注的是,死亡风险在90~94岁达峰值后降低,这或因高龄人群中其他致命疾病高发,在CRC致命前致患者死亡,掩盖了CRC致死作用[16]。由此可见,中老年是我国未来CRC死亡控制的重点人群。
时期效应显示,我国归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡风险随时间单调上升,死亡风险RR值从0.69升至1.59,2020—2021年风险是1990—1994年的2.3倍,态势明显。背后成因多元:一是居民体力活动大幅减少,饮食结构恶化,加工食品、高脂高糖食物摄入增加,膳食纤维不足,肠道微生态失衡[17]。二是人口老龄化加剧,老年群体对疾病抵抗力弱,受低体力活动影响,CRC死亡风险升高。ARIMA模型预测,2022—2030年我国死亡数、死亡率、DALY数和DALY率将继续升高。未来人工智能与智能服务设备的普及可能进一步削弱民众运动意愿,加剧健康行为危机。鉴于时期效应分析及预测模型显示的紧迫态势,需构建政府主导、多部门协同、全民参与的防控体系,切实保障公众健康。
队列效应显示,我国归因于低体力活动的CRC死亡风险随出生队列推进显著降低。不同队列死亡风险RR值在0.25~5.23间波动,1895—1899年出生队列风险是1995—1999年的20.93倍。这一趋势主要得益于社会环境与医疗条件的发展。随着社会发展,学校与社区普及健康知识,使年轻出生队列接受更多更系统的健康理念;城市规划优化,运动设施增多,促进体力活动达标率提高。研究证实,每周17.5~35MET小时活动可降低30%~40%CRC死亡率[18]。同时,医疗技术进步显著,CRC早筛手段愈发精准、普及,如肠镜检查的推广助力疾病早诊早治;新型治疗药物与方案不断涌现,为CRC治疗提供了更有效保障[19]。因此,持续降低CRC死亡负担,需强化疾病知识普及与扩大早筛覆盖面。
本研究存在一定局限性:其一,数据源自GBD 2021数据库,该库对疾病负担指标采用建模估算,与实际或有偏差,可能影响研究结果。其二,数据库按国家分类展示数据,本研究仅于国家层面剖析疾病负担现状与趋势,未涉及地区或省级等更细化的流行病学分析。其三,本研究属人群层面的生态学研究,采用年龄-时期-队列模型易产生生态学偏倚。
综上,本研究结果显示1990—2021年我国归因于低体力活动的结直肠癌疾病负担呈上升趋势,且存在性别差异。其死亡风险存在明显的年龄、时期、队列效应,未来疾病负担将持续加重。在生活方式医学逐渐兴起的背景下[20],本研究将为政策制定者提供决策依据,助力实现《"健康中国2030"规划纲要》癌症防治目标,引导医疗资源合理分配,提升全民健康水平。
  • 上海浦东新区高峰高原学科建设临床医学新质专科项目(2025-PWXZ-01)
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2025年第52卷第12期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503012
  • 接收时间:2025-03-02
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2025-06-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-02
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上海浦东新区高峰高原学科建设临床医学新质专科项目(2025-PWXZ-01)
作者信息
    1.同济大学医学院,上海 200331
    2.同济大学附属东方医院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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