Article(id=1241102742631018966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202403307, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1710604800000, receivedDateStr=2024-03-17, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773831552416, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1721836800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773831552416, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773831552416, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831552416, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241102730337505325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='14', pageStart='2497', pageEnd='2688', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773831549486, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831697291, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2598, endPage=2604, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241102744048693736, articleId=1241102742631018966, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Current situation analyses on the suitability of maternal and child health care institutions at county scale,Jiangsu, columnId=1228016567846367388, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Policy and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the spatial compatibility between maternal and child health beds and the needs of women and children in Jiangsu at the county scale.

Methods

Spatial autocorrelation was used to analyze the spatial distribution of bed resources and maternal and child population in maternal and child health institutions in Jiangsu Province, and the adaptability of bed resources to the supply and demand of maternal and child population was analyzed by clustering degree.

Results

The population of women and children of childbearing age showed obvious spatial aggregation in all districts and counties of Jiangsu Province, mainly concentrated in Suzhou and Xuzhou.There were 122 maternal and child health care institutions in Jiangsu, including 12 tertiary institutions and 29 secondary institutions, with a total of 11 878 beds. It was worth noting that there were 41 districts and counties with 0 beds, of which Suzhou City accounts for 7 districts and counties. The number of beds per 1 000 women and children in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City was the highest, 2.7 per 1 000 women and children. From the perspective of concentration degree, the bed resources of 17 districts (17.89%) were adequate geographically, while those of 76 districts (80%) were scarce geographically.After considering the demand population, it was found that the supply was greater than the demand in 21 districts (22.11%) and that the supply was less than the demand in 74 districts (77.89%).

Conclusion

There are regional differences in the supply and demand adaptation of maternal and child health care resources in Jiangsu Province, so it is necessary to adjust the service scope of the region where the supply exceeds the demand, and increase the service capacity building.

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目的

分析江苏省县域尺度下,妇幼保健床位与妇幼人群需求之间的空间适配性。

方法

运用空间自相关分析江苏省妇幼保健机构床位资源和妇幼人群空间分布特征,并结合集聚度分析,评估床位资源与妇幼人群供需适配性。

结果

江苏省各区县妇幼人群呈现明显的空间聚集性,主要集中于苏州市和徐州市。在全省范围内,共有122家妇幼保健机构,其中三级机构12家,二级机构29家,总计拥有11 878张床位。值得注意的是,有41个区县床位数为0,其中苏州市占7个区县。常州市钟楼区每千妇幼人口床位数最高,为2.7张/千人。从集聚度角度分析,17个区县(17.89%)幼保健机构床位资源按地理分布较充足,76个区县(80%)幼保健机构床位资源较稀缺。考虑需求人口因素,21个区县(22.11%)供大于求,74个区县(77.89%)供小于求。

结论

江苏省妇幼保健资源的供需适配性存在地区差异,调整供大于求地区服务范围,供小于求的地区建议进一步加强服务能力建设。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
孙志明,E-mail:
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陈娟(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:空间流行病学

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陈娟(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:空间流行病学

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陈娟(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:空间流行病学

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4.国家卫生健康委避孕药具警戒与生育力监测重点实验室
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注:审图号(苏S(2024)11号)下同。

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Supply and demand matching table of maternal and child health care institutions in Jiangsu Province

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
供需人口稀疏地区人口密集地区
供给小于需求兴化市,溧阳市,淮安区,涟水县,东台市,邳州市,沭阳县,建湖县,大丰区,灌南县,盱眙县,睢宁县,高淳区,铜山区,赣榆区,溧水区,灌云县,金湖县,六合区,新沂市,宜兴市,泗阳县,泗洪县,宿豫区,丰县,滨海县,盐都区,如皋市,海安市,姜堰区,金坛区,阜宁县,东海县,丹徒区,如东县,高邮市,响水县,连云区江阴市,锡山区,姑苏区,玄武区,建邺区,泉山区,天宁区,雨花台区,新吴区,惠山区,鼓楼区(徐州市),虎丘区,润州区,昆山市,新北区,相城区,邗江区,武进区,高港区,滨湖区,张家港市,浦口区,江宁区,贾汪区,宿城区,吴中区,太仓市,扬中市,通州区,海门市,沛县,栖霞区,泰兴市,吴江区,常熟市,靖江市
供给大于需求宝应县,句容市,江都区,仪征市,淮阴区,射阳县,洪泽区,启东市钟楼区,云龙区,海陵区,秦淮区,海州区,梁溪区,京口区,鼓楼区(南京市),清江浦区,广陵区,亭湖区,崇川区,丹阳市
), ArticleFig(id=1241102754547037106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102742631018966, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

江苏省妇幼保健机构供需匹配表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
供需人口稀疏地区人口密集地区
供给小于需求兴化市,溧阳市,淮安区,涟水县,东台市,邳州市,沭阳县,建湖县,大丰区,灌南县,盱眙县,睢宁县,高淳区,铜山区,赣榆区,溧水区,灌云县,金湖县,六合区,新沂市,宜兴市,泗阳县,泗洪县,宿豫区,丰县,滨海县,盐都区,如皋市,海安市,姜堰区,金坛区,阜宁县,东海县,丹徒区,如东县,高邮市,响水县,连云区江阴市,锡山区,姑苏区,玄武区,建邺区,泉山区,天宁区,雨花台区,新吴区,惠山区,鼓楼区(徐州市),虎丘区,润州区,昆山市,新北区,相城区,邗江区,武进区,高港区,滨湖区,张家港市,浦口区,江宁区,贾汪区,宿城区,吴中区,太仓市,扬中市,通州区,海门市,沛县,栖霞区,泰兴市,吴江区,常熟市,靖江市
供给大于需求宝应县,句容市,江都区,仪征市,淮阴区,射阳县,洪泽区,启东市钟楼区,云龙区,海陵区,秦淮区,海州区,梁溪区,京口区,鼓楼区(南京市),清江浦区,广陵区,亭湖区,崇川区,丹阳市
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县域尺度下江苏省妇幼保健机构适配性的现状分析
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陈娟 1 , 孙志明 1, 2 , 张敏 3, 4, 5 , 赵亚楠 1
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024,51(14): 2598-2604
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现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024, 51(14): 2598-2604
县域尺度下江苏省妇幼保健机构适配性的现状分析
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陈娟1, 孙志明1, 2 , 张敏3, 4, 5, 赵亚楠1
作者信息
  • 1.南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏 南京 211166
  • 2.徐州医科大学
  • 3.江苏省卫生健康发展研究中心
  • 4.国家卫生健康委避孕药具警戒与生育力监测重点实验室
  • 5.江苏省生育力保护与卫生技术评估重点实验室
  • 陈娟(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:空间流行病学

通讯作者:

孙志明,E-mail:
Current situation analyses on the suitability of maternal and child health care institutions at county scale,Jiangsu
juan CHEN1, zhi-ming SUN1, 2 , min ZHANG3, 4, 5, ya-nan ZHAO1
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
出版时间: 2024-07-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202403307
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目的

分析江苏省县域尺度下,妇幼保健床位与妇幼人群需求之间的空间适配性。

方法

运用空间自相关分析江苏省妇幼保健机构床位资源和妇幼人群空间分布特征,并结合集聚度分析,评估床位资源与妇幼人群供需适配性。

结果

江苏省各区县妇幼人群呈现明显的空间聚集性,主要集中于苏州市和徐州市。在全省范围内,共有122家妇幼保健机构,其中三级机构12家,二级机构29家,总计拥有11 878张床位。值得注意的是,有41个区县床位数为0,其中苏州市占7个区县。常州市钟楼区每千妇幼人口床位数最高,为2.7张/千人。从集聚度角度分析,17个区县(17.89%)幼保健机构床位资源按地理分布较充足,76个区县(80%)幼保健机构床位资源较稀缺。考虑需求人口因素,21个区县(22.11%)供大于求,74个区县(77.89%)供小于求。

结论

江苏省妇幼保健资源的供需适配性存在地区差异,调整供大于求地区服务范围,供小于求的地区建议进一步加强服务能力建设。

妇幼保健机构  /  卫生资源  /  空间分析  /  集聚度  /  供需适配性
Objective

To analyze the spatial compatibility between maternal and child health beds and the needs of women and children in Jiangsu at the county scale.

Methods

Spatial autocorrelation was used to analyze the spatial distribution of bed resources and maternal and child population in maternal and child health institutions in Jiangsu Province, and the adaptability of bed resources to the supply and demand of maternal and child population was analyzed by clustering degree.

Results

The population of women and children of childbearing age showed obvious spatial aggregation in all districts and counties of Jiangsu Province, mainly concentrated in Suzhou and Xuzhou.There were 122 maternal and child health care institutions in Jiangsu, including 12 tertiary institutions and 29 secondary institutions, with a total of 11 878 beds. It was worth noting that there were 41 districts and counties with 0 beds, of which Suzhou City accounts for 7 districts and counties. The number of beds per 1 000 women and children in Zhonglou District of Changzhou City was the highest, 2.7 per 1 000 women and children. From the perspective of concentration degree, the bed resources of 17 districts (17.89%) were adequate geographically, while those of 76 districts (80%) were scarce geographically.After considering the demand population, it was found that the supply was greater than the demand in 21 districts (22.11%) and that the supply was less than the demand in 74 districts (77.89%).

Conclusion

There are regional differences in the supply and demand adaptation of maternal and child health care resources in Jiangsu Province, so it is necessary to adjust the service scope of the region where the supply exceeds the demand, and increase the service capacity building.

Maternal and child health institutions  /  Health resources  /  Spatial analysis  /  Agglomeration degree  /  Supply and demand compatibility
陈娟, 孙志明, 张敏, 赵亚楠. 县域尺度下江苏省妇幼保健机构适配性的现状分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (14) : 2598 -2604 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202403307
juan CHEN, zhi-ming SUN, min ZHANG, ya-nan ZHAO. Current situation analyses on the suitability of maternal and child health care institutions at county scale,Jiangsu[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (14) : 2598 -2604 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202403307
健康中国行动(2019—2030年)明确强调,妇女与儿童的健康状况不仅是全民健康体系中的基础构成部分,而且是确保人类社会持久繁荣发展的坚实基石。同时,母婴健康(Maternal and Child Health,MCH)在联合国可持续发展目标(Sustainable Development Goals,SDGs)和全民健康覆盖(Universal Health Coverage,UHC)中占据核心地位,它是实现人类社会可持续发展的重要基石[1]。随着2021年“三孩”政策的实施,妇幼保健机构既迎来了前所未有的发展机遇,也面临着诸多挑战。生育政策的调整,例如高龄产妇比例的上升、不良妊娠风险的增加等,均对妇幼保健机构的工作模式和服务质量产生了深远影响[2]。为进一步优化和完善妇幼健康服务体系,江苏省积极推进市级妇幼保健院的改造和扩建工作,并鼓励县级妇幼保健所通过增设床位和转型为妇幼保健院的方式,提升其服务能力。同时,江苏省还加快了省、市、县三级妇幼保健机构标准化建设的步伐,旨在提高整体服务水平和效率。
本研究以江苏省妇幼保健机构为医疗服务供方,以妇幼人群为需方,从供需角度和空间层面深入分析了妇幼保健资源及妇幼人群的空间分布特征。研究目的在于明确江苏省内各地区妇幼保健资源的供需适配性和公平性,为进一步优化资源配置、提升服务质量提供科学依据。
人口数据:江苏省各区县14岁以下儿童及14岁以上女性数据来源于国家统计局网站、江苏省统计局网站、江苏省统计年鉴、江苏省各地级市统计年鉴的第七次人口普查数据。
妇幼保健机构信息:江苏省妇幼保健机构信息来源于江苏省卫生健康委员会。
地理数据:来自江苏省基础地理信息中心,审图号:(苏S(2024)11号)。
空间自相关分析方法主要研究某一区域属性值在空间上的相互关系,被广泛应用于各种研究领域,如土地利用[3],环境变迁[4],人口分布[5],空间流行病[6]等。
全局Moran I用于描述相邻空间分布对象及其整体的空间分布情况。本研究用于从整体分析江苏省妇女儿童、妇幼保健资源是否具有空间聚集性。I的取值为[-1,1],当I>0,表示妇幼人群呈空间正相关性,其值越大,空间相关性越明显;I<0,表示妇幼人群呈空间负相关性,其值越小,空间异质性越大,当I=0,表示妇幼人群在空间中呈随机分布。P<0.05时,无统计学意义。
局部Moran I是局部空间相关性指数(Local indicator of spatial association,LISA)之一,由Anselin提出[7]。本研究用于分析江苏省妇女儿童和妇幼资源的空间聚集类型。I的取值为[-1,1],当I>0,表示存在局部空间正相关,包括高-高聚集和低-低聚集;当I<0,表示存在局部空间负相关,包括高-低聚集和低-高聚集[5];当I=0,表示不存在局部空间自相关性,呈随机分布。
利用Z检验对全局Moran I和局部Moran I显著性进行检验,双侧检验,检验水准α=0.05。
集聚度主要用来反映某一区域内某种资源相对于更大区域内该资源的集中程度,涉及卫生资源集聚度(Health resource agglomeration degree, HRAD)、人口集聚度(Population agglomeration degree, PAD),分别从地理和人口统计学角度对妇幼保健资源评价。HRAD/PAD则用于衡量区域妇幼保健资源是否满足当地人口的需求,用以判断供需适配性。
卫生资源聚集度(HRAD)是指某一地区占上级区域1%的土地面积上的卫生资源数量占比[8]。计算公式为:
其中,HRADi表示地区i的妇幼保健资源集聚度,HRi表示地区i的妇幼保健资源数,HRn表示江苏省妇幼保健资源总量,An表示区县i的地理面积,An表示江苏省地理面积。HRAD>1,则该地区妇幼保健资源按地理分布公平性较好,HRAD=1,则该地区妇幼保健资源处于绝对公平;HRAD<1,则该地区妇幼保健资源按地理分布公平性差。
人口集聚度(PAD)是指某一地区占上级区域1%的土地面积上的集聚人口占比[9]。计算公式为:
其中,PADi表示地区i的人口集聚度,Pi表示区县i的妇女、儿童总数,Pn表示江苏省的妇女、儿童人口总量。PAD<1,则为妇幼人群稀疏区;PAD=1,则为妇幼人群均值区;若PAD>1,则为妇幼人群密集区。
供需适配性评价指标(HRAD/PAD)用于衡量区域卫生资源是否满足当地人口的需求[9]时,指地区i集聚的卫生资源按照该地区的人口分布较充足,即供给>需求;时,指地区i集聚的卫生资源可以满足该地区人口的需求,即供给=需求;时,指地区i集聚的卫生资源按照该地区的人口分布较稀缺,即供给<需求。
本研究利用GeoScene Pro 3.1软件进行空间自相关分析及数据可视化表达。
江苏省妇幼人口总数呈现两边高中间低的特征,主要集中于江苏南部的苏州市、无锡市和江苏北部的徐州市、宿迁市;江苏中部如扬州市、泰州市妇幼人口分布相对较少。见图1。全省共有妇幼人口48 591 434人,其中苏州市吴中区最多,为1 399 263人,连云港市连云区最少,为161 083人。妇幼人口占全省人口总数的57.34%,其中徐州市邳州市妇幼人口占比最高,为63.20%;苏州市太仓市妇幼人口占比最低,为53.75%。
全局空间自相关分析结果显示,江苏省妇幼人群呈现明显的空间聚集性。全局Moran I为0.171,P值为0.017,即存在全局空间自相关。为进一步探测出局部聚集模式进行局部自相关分析。结果显示,苏州市张家港市、姑苏区、吴江区和南通市崇川区呈现高-高聚集;淮安市盱眙县、金湖县,扬州市广陵区,泰州市海陵区、高港区,镇江市扬中市、京口区、润州区和丹徒区呈现低-低聚集,具体见图2
根据PAD将各区县划分为人口稀疏区、人口均值区、人口密集区。江苏省48.42%的区县处于妇幼人群稀疏区,主要集中于苏北和苏中地区;51.58%的区县为妇幼人群密集区,主要集中在苏南地区。见图3
江苏省共有122家妇幼保健机构,其中三级机构12家,二级机构29家,一级机构9家,未定级机构72家。南通市崇川区妇幼保健机构数最多,为4家;其次是徐州市云龙区、连云港市海州区、泰州市海陵区各有3家;苏州市相城区没有独立的妇幼保健机构。
江苏省共有妇幼保健机构床位数11 878张,常州市钟楼区、南京市秦淮区拥有床位数最多,1 000张,其次是连云港市海州区,938张。有41个区县床位数为零,其中苏州市妇幼机构床位数为0的区县最多,7个。淮安市7个区县妇幼保健机构均有床位。综上,江苏省各区县妇幼机构床位数分布不均匀,且差异较大。如图4(a)
全局空间自相关分析结果显示,全局Moran I为-0.103,P值为0.214,江苏省妇幼保健机构床位数不存在全局自相关性,无需做局部空间自相关分析。
江苏省各区县间每千妇幼人口床位数差异较大。常州市钟楼区最高,为2.7张/千人,徐州市云龙区次之,为2.45张/千人,41个区县为0张/千人。各地级市内部每千妇女儿童床位数空间分布不均,主要表现为千人口床位数以各地级市中心区县向周围区县骤减,如徐州市、连云港市、无锡市、常州市分别由云龙区、海州区、梁溪区、钟楼区向周围骤减。宿迁市、苏州市各区县千人口床位数均较低。如图4(b)
妇幼保健机构床位数集聚度结果显示,见图5(a),各区县间床位集聚度差异较大。南京市秦淮区、鼓楼区、栖霞区,无锡市梁溪区等17个区县的HRAD均大于1,说明这些地区妇幼保健机构床位资源较充足,地理分布公平性较好。其余82.11%的区县的HRAD小于1,表明地区妇幼保健机构床位资源较短缺,地理分布不公平。
妇幼保健机构卫生资源人口集聚度结果显示,见图5(b),常州市钟楼区,南京市秦淮区、鼓楼区,泰州市海陵区等21个区县的HRAD/PAD大于1,这些地区妇幼保健资源按人口分布较充足,供给大于需求。其余地区的HRAD/PAD均小于1,妇幼保健机构床位资源按人口分布较稀缺,供给小于需求。值得注意的是,妇幼人群密集的苏南地区如苏州的姑苏区、相城区、昆山市、虎丘区,无锡的锡山区、江阴市、惠山区、新吴区等地区供给小于需求。而妇幼人群稀疏的苏北、苏中地区如盐城市射阳县,淮安市洪泽区、淮阴区,南通市启东市等地区供给大于需求。综上,江苏省妇幼保健机构资源的供需适配性存在地理差异。见表1
本研究发现,江苏省妇幼人群具有明显的空间聚集性,呈现出苏南、苏北多,苏中少的空间分布特征,这与江苏省老年人群的分布正好相反[10]。苏南地区经济发达,工业化和城市化进程较快,提供了较多的就业机会,吸引了大量年轻人口。相比之下,苏中地区经济发展水平较低,缺乏吸引年轻人口的条件,同时其人口老龄化现象严重,导致年轻人口比例较少,进而影响了妇幼保健需求人口的分布。
卫生资源地理分布不均衡的问题在各个国家、各个地区普遍存在[11-12]。本研究结果显示,江苏省不同区县之间妇幼保健机构床位数差异较大,这与李红娟对全国妇幼资源分析结果相一致[13]。医疗机构床位是保障其正常运转、提供卫生服务的必要条件,也是反映其规模、等级和能力的重要指标之一[14]。本研究发现江苏省仅1个区县(相城区)没有独立妇幼保健机构,但仍有41个区县妇幼保健机构的床位数为0。江苏省“十四五”妇幼健康事业发展规划中提出“省、市、县三级政府举办、独立建制的妇幼保健机构健全率保持在100%”的发展目标。随着“三孩政策”持续实施,县级妇幼保健所功能单一,保健与临床分离,已无法满足妇女儿童健康需求,政府应该加快推进妇幼保健机构的建设,尤其是没有妇幼保健机构或有机构没有设置床位的县区。同时,加快推进床位数为0的41个区县的县级妇幼保健机构“所转院”建设,通过增设住院病床,开展产科住院分娩、妇科及儿科等临床医疗服务,为妇女儿童提供全方位、全周期的健康保障。
南京市拥有妇幼保健机构床位数最多,共1 886张,但是内部差异较大[15],妇幼保健资源主要分布在主城区,郊区相对薄弱。苏州市妇幼保健机构床位数最少,仅98张,与其他地区存在显著的差距。这主要是因为苏州市目前没有独立的市级妇幼保健院。据七普数据显示,苏州市常住人口高达千万,位居江苏省第一,同时,苏州市经济发达,不断地吸引外来人口流入。由此可见苏州市对妇幼保健资源需求大,政府应该加强苏州市妇幼保健院的建设,以满足当地妇女儿童对妇幼保健服务的需求。
本研究结果还发现,73.47%的妇幼人群密集区妇幼保健机构资源供给小于需求。其中,人口密集的苏南地区,如苏州市、无锡市等地区县妇幼保健床位严重不足,这与张涛的研究结果相似[16]。经济发达的苏南地区吸引了大量外来人员,导致妇幼人群密集区对妇幼保健资源的需求急剧增加,政府应该重点加强这些地区的妇幼保健资源基础建设和妇幼保健人才队伍的培养。同时,推进这些地区妇幼保健机构“所转院”的建设,优化妇幼资源配置,以满足当地妇幼人群的健康需求。在资源配置过程中,应以人口需求为导向,兼顾考虑地理因素,确保妇幼保健资源的合理配置和有效利用[17-18]
另一方面,本研究发现,在兴化市、东台市、射阳县等妇幼人群稀疏区,妇幼保健床位过于饱和,表明在这些地区可能存在资源过剩的现象。针对这一问题,政府应该加强对妇幼保健资源需求的评估,科学、合理地整合和优化妇幼保健服务资源的设置和布局。同时,加强医保、人社等政策协同,促进妇幼保健机构之间的资源共享和共建,提高资源利用效率和服务质量[19]
针对以上发现的问题和挑战,我们提出以下建议:首先,政府应加大对妇幼保健机构建设的投入力度,在尚未建有妇幼保健机构的地区应尽快推动设立妇幼保健院,在已建有妇幼保健机构但未设置床位或床位数严重不足的的县区,要进一步加大政府投入,以满足当地妇女儿童的基本医疗服务和保健需求。如苏州市各区县等妇幼人群密集且妇幼保健机构资源供不应求的地区,政府应积极推进妇幼保健机构由“所”向“院”的转型升级,扩大机构规模,全面提升服务质量和能力,提升妇幼保健工作的整体水平[20],从而更好地服务于当地的妇女儿童。其次,对于兴化市、东台市等妇幼人群分布相对稀疏且妇幼保健机构资源供过于求的地区,政府应在保持现有机构运行的基础上,合理整合和优化妇幼保健资源,充分利用医疗数字化转型和互联网医疗的便捷性,推动区域内外妇幼保健资源的共享和共建[12]。综上所述,政府应根据不同地区的实际情况,有针对性地制定和实施妇幼保健机构的发展策略,确保每一个地区的妇女儿童都能够享受到优质、便捷的医疗保健服务。
  • 江苏省科教能力提升工程(ZDXYS202210)
  • 江苏省卫健委医学科研项目重点项目(ZDB2020038)
  • 江苏省卫健委妇幼保健重点项目(F202104)
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2024年第51卷第14期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202403307
  • 接收时间:2024-03-17
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-17
基金
江苏省科教能力提升工程(ZDXYS202210)
江苏省卫健委医学科研项目重点项目(ZDB2020038)
江苏省卫健委妇幼保健重点项目(F202104)
作者信息
    1.南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏 南京 211166
    2.徐州医科大学
    3.江苏省卫生健康发展研究中心
    4.国家卫生健康委避孕药具警戒与生育力监测重点实验室
    5.江苏省生育力保护与卫生技术评估重点实验室

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
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Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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