Article(id=1241102740449972420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404087, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1712419200000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773831551896, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1721836800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773831551896, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773831551896, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831551896, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241102730337505325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='14', pageStart='2497', pageEnd='2688', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773831549486, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831697291, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2605, endPage=2608, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241102740768739544, articleId=1241102740449972420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=A Study on the influence and mechanism of cultural activities and physical exercise on residents’ well-being, columnId=1228016572451718132, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health and Social Behavior, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the impact of cultural activities (CA) and physical exercise (PE) on residents’ subjective well-being (SWB)and its mechanism.

Methods

Using the 2021 China Comprehensive Social Surveydata, the ordered logistic model and mediating effect model were used for empirical analysis.

Results

CA and PE could significantly enhance residents’ SWB, and the effect of CA on enhancing SWB was greater than that of PE. CA had a relatively greater impact on SWB of women, elderly, and rural residents. PE had a relatively greater impact on SWB of young and urban residents. Health status, social networks, social trust and sense of fairness all played a mediating role in the relationship between CA and SWB. Social trust had the greatest mediating effect, followed by health status, social networks and sense of fairness. Health status, social networks, social trust and sense of fairness all played a mediating role in the relationship between PE and SWB. Health status had the greatest mediating effect, followed by social trust, social networks and sense of fairness.

Conclusion

The government should strengthen efforts to promote the development of culture and sports industry, so that the people can get better spiritual and cultural nourishment and physical and mental health improvement, and have bigger SWB.

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目的

探究文化活动和体育锻炼对居民幸福感的影响及作用机制。

方法

选取2021年中国综合社会调查数据,利用有序logistic模型和中介效应模型进行实证分析。

结果

文化活动和体育锻炼均可显著提升居民幸福感,文化活动对幸福感的提升作用大于体育锻炼。文化活动对女性、高龄、乡村居民幸福感的提升作用相对较大;体育锻炼对低龄、城镇居民幸福感的提升作用相对较大。健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感在文化活动与居民幸福感之间起部分中介作用,社会信任在其中的中介效应最大,其次是健康状况、社会网络、公平感。健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感在体育锻炼与居民幸福感之间起部分中介作用,健康状况在其中的中介效应最大,其次是社会信任、社会网络、公平感。

结论

应加大力度推动文化和体育事业、产业发展,使人民群众得到更好的精神文化滋养和身心健康提升,在新时代拥有更多幸福感。

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刘松,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=3r3KQp7F0mIgOoRiMy71bA==, magXml=gCJVaxL2FtzYO43vfcYYtg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=WNqewjn+969wiIT46qQfqg==, pdfFileSize=529289, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=3UxHC0Lt8VWjRvOYmR4Pxw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

祝伟(1981—),男,博士,副教授,研究方向:健康经济学、人力资源开发

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Statistics and Decision, 2021, 37(10): 142-146., articleTitle=Research on the relationship between social insurance and happiness index of the elderly based on CGSS data, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241102749484503772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, awardId=22BTJ068, language=CN, fundingSource=国家社会科学基金项目(22BTJ068), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241102744862380457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241102744866574761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, companyId=1241102744862380457, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Economics and Management, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241102744874963370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, companyId=1241102744862380457, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.常州工学院经济与管理学院,江苏 常州 213032)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241102744984015286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241102744992403895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, companyId=1241102744984015286, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.上海中侨职业技术大学经济与管理学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241102748519813761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Descriptive statistics of the characteristics of thestudy participants

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 n(%)变量 n(%)
性别自有住房数量(套)1.205±0.583
2 488(45.6)医疗保险
2 970(54.4)参加医疗保险5 160(94.5)
年龄(岁)51.815±17.629未参加医疗保险298(5.5)
受教育年限(年)9.161±4.606养老保险
婚姻状况参加养老保险3 966(72.7)
有配偶3 977(72.9)未参加养老保险1 492(27.3)
无配偶1 481(27.1)居住地城乡类型
家庭成员数量(人)3.448±1.886城镇3 043(55.8)
独居乡村2 415(44.2)
1 523(27.9)幸福感3.982±0.820
3 935(72.1)文化活动2.182±0.606
工作状况体育锻炼2.825±1.617
有工作2 740(50.2)健康状况3.489±1.095
无工作2 718(49.8)社会网络2.652 ±1.130
个人社会经济地位2.250±0.913社会信任3.655±0.993
家庭经济状况2.564±0.801公平感3.458±0.974
), ArticleFig(id=1241102748641448586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象特征的描述性统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 n(%)变量 n(%)
性别自有住房数量(套)1.205±0.583
2 488(45.6)医疗保险
2 970(54.4)参加医疗保险5 160(94.5)
年龄(岁)51.815±17.629未参加医疗保险298(5.5)
受教育年限(年)9.161±4.606养老保险
婚姻状况参加养老保险3 966(72.7)
有配偶3 977(72.9)未参加养老保险1 492(27.3)
无配偶1 481(27.1)居住地城乡类型
家庭成员数量(人)3.448±1.886城镇3 043(55.8)
独居乡村2 415(44.2)
1 523(27.9)幸福感3.982±0.820
3 935(72.1)文化活动2.182±0.606
工作状况体育锻炼2.825±1.617
有工作2 740(50.2)健康状况3.489±1.095
无工作2 718(49.8)社会网络2.652 ±1.130
个人社会经济地位2.250±0.913社会信任3.655±0.993
家庭经济状况2.564±0.801公平感3.458±0.974
), ArticleFig(id=1241102748763083409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Regression analysis of effects of CA and PE on SWB

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1模型2
β(SE)OR(95%CI)β(SE)OR(95%CI)
文化活动0.314(0.054)c1.369(1.231~1.522)c
体育锻炼0.141(0.019)c1.151(1.110~1.194)c
性别0.071(0.056)1.074(0.961~1.199)0.041(0.057)1.042(0.932~1.164)
年龄0.012(0.002)c1.012(1.008~1.017)c0.011(0.002)c1.011(1.007~1.015)c
受教育程度0.010(0.009)1.010(0.993~1.027)0.012(0.008)1.013(0.996~1.030)
婚姻状况0.138(0.073)+1.148(0.995~1.325)+0.116(0.073)1.123(0.973~1.295)
家庭成员数量0.064(0.016)c1.066(1.032~1.101)c0.063(0.016)c1.066(1.032~1.100)c
独居-0.142(0.067)a0.868(0.761~0.990)a-0.137(0.068)a0.872(0.764~0.996)a
工作状况-0.105(0.060)+0.901(0.801~1.013)+-0.090(0.060)0.914(0.812~1.029)
个人社会经济地位0.368(0.036)c1.445(1.347~1.550)c0.370(0.036)c1.448(1.349~1.554)c
家庭经济状况0.385(0.043)c1.470(1.351~1.600)c0.398(0.043)c1.489(1.369~1.621)c
自有住房数量0.041(0.048)1.042(0.949~1.144)0.041(0.048)1.042(0.949~1.144)
医疗保险-0.099(0.136)0.905(0.694~1.182)-0.116(0.136)0.891(0.682~1.163)
养老保险-0.120(0.070)+0.887(0.774~1.017)+-0.135(0.070)+0.874(0.762~1.002)+
城乡类型0.041(0.064)1.042(0.919~1.180)0.013(0.064)1.013(0.894~1.147)
), ArticleFig(id=1241102748909884061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

文化活动和体育锻炼对幸福感影响的回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1模型2
β(SE)OR(95%CI)β(SE)OR(95%CI)
文化活动0.314(0.054)c1.369(1.231~1.522)c
体育锻炼0.141(0.019)c1.151(1.110~1.194)c
性别0.071(0.056)1.074(0.961~1.199)0.041(0.057)1.042(0.932~1.164)
年龄0.012(0.002)c1.012(1.008~1.017)c0.011(0.002)c1.011(1.007~1.015)c
受教育程度0.010(0.009)1.010(0.993~1.027)0.012(0.008)1.013(0.996~1.030)
婚姻状况0.138(0.073)+1.148(0.995~1.325)+0.116(0.073)1.123(0.973~1.295)
家庭成员数量0.064(0.016)c1.066(1.032~1.101)c0.063(0.016)c1.066(1.032~1.100)c
独居-0.142(0.067)a0.868(0.761~0.990)a-0.137(0.068)a0.872(0.764~0.996)a
工作状况-0.105(0.060)+0.901(0.801~1.013)+-0.090(0.060)0.914(0.812~1.029)
个人社会经济地位0.368(0.036)c1.445(1.347~1.550)c0.370(0.036)c1.448(1.349~1.554)c
家庭经济状况0.385(0.043)c1.470(1.351~1.600)c0.398(0.043)c1.489(1.369~1.621)c
自有住房数量0.041(0.048)1.042(0.949~1.144)0.041(0.048)1.042(0.949~1.144)
医疗保险-0.099(0.136)0.905(0.694~1.182)-0.116(0.136)0.891(0.682~1.163)
养老保险-0.120(0.070)+0.887(0.774~1.017)+-0.135(0.070)+0.874(0.762~1.002)+
城乡类型0.041(0.064)1.042(0.919~1.180)0.013(0.064)1.013(0.894~1.147)
), ArticleFig(id=1241102749023130281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results of heterogeneity analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量性别年龄城乡类型
低龄高龄城镇乡村
文化活动0.382(0.076)a0.231(0.080)a0.215(0.079)a0.317(0.077)a0.274(0.072)a0.368(0.084)a
体育锻炼0.143(0.026)a0.145(0.028)a0.173(0.031)a0.133(0.024)a0.171(0.026)a0.108(0.027)a
), ArticleFig(id=1241102749140570803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

异质性分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量性别年龄城乡类型
低龄高龄城镇乡村
文化活动0.382(0.076)a0.231(0.080)a0.215(0.079)a0.317(0.077)a0.274(0.072)a0.368(0.084)a
体育锻炼0.143(0.026)a0.145(0.028)a0.173(0.031)a0.133(0.024)a0.171(0.026)a0.108(0.027)a
), ArticleFig(id=1241102749249622722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Regression analysis of mediating effects

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1模型2模型3模型4
健康状况幸福感社会网络幸福感社会网络幸福感公平感幸福感
文化活动0.194b(0.049)0.284b(0.054)0.436b(0.051)0.293b(0.055)0.304b(0.053)0.269b(0.055)0.115a(0.051)0.302b(0.055)
健康状况0.412b(0.033)
社会网络0.098b(0.027)
社会信任0.431b(0.033)
公平感0.677b(0.035)
Sobel检验P<0.001P<0.001P<0.000P<0.050
体育锻炼0.085b(0.018)0.126b(0.019)0.136b(0.018)0.133b(0.019)0.070b(0.018)0.132b(0.019)0.046a(0.019)0.138b(0.019)
健康状况0.406b(0.033)
社会网络0.095b(0.026)
社会信任0.433b(0.033)
公平感0.677b(0.035)
Sobel检验P<0.001P<0.001P<0.001P<0.050
), ArticleFig(id=1241102749367063251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102740449972420, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

中介效应的回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1模型2模型3模型4
健康状况幸福感社会网络幸福感社会网络幸福感公平感幸福感
文化活动0.194b(0.049)0.284b(0.054)0.436b(0.051)0.293b(0.055)0.304b(0.053)0.269b(0.055)0.115a(0.051)0.302b(0.055)
健康状况0.412b(0.033)
社会网络0.098b(0.027)
社会信任0.431b(0.033)
公平感0.677b(0.035)
Sobel检验P<0.001P<0.001P<0.000P<0.050
体育锻炼0.085b(0.018)0.126b(0.019)0.136b(0.018)0.133b(0.019)0.070b(0.018)0.132b(0.019)0.046a(0.019)0.138b(0.019)
健康状况0.406b(0.033)
社会网络0.095b(0.026)
社会信任0.433b(0.033)
公平感0.677b(0.035)
Sobel检验P<0.001P<0.001P<0.001P<0.050
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文化活动和体育锻炼对居民幸福感的影响及机制研究
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祝伟 1 , 彭才根 2 , 刘松 1
现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2024,51(14): 2605-2608
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现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2024, 51(14): 2605-2608
文化活动和体育锻炼对居民幸福感的影响及机制研究
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祝伟1, 彭才根2, 刘松1
作者信息
  • 1.常州工学院经济与管理学院,江苏 常州 213032
  • 2.上海中侨职业技术大学经济与管理学院
  • 祝伟(1981—),男,博士,副教授,研究方向:健康经济学、人力资源开发

通讯作者:

刘松,E-mail:
A Study on the influence and mechanism of cultural activities and physical exercise on residents’ well-being
Wei ZHU1, Cai-gen PENG2, Song LIU1
Affiliations
  • School of Economics and Management, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213032, China
出版时间: 2024-07-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404087
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目的

探究文化活动和体育锻炼对居民幸福感的影响及作用机制。

方法

选取2021年中国综合社会调查数据,利用有序logistic模型和中介效应模型进行实证分析。

结果

文化活动和体育锻炼均可显著提升居民幸福感,文化活动对幸福感的提升作用大于体育锻炼。文化活动对女性、高龄、乡村居民幸福感的提升作用相对较大;体育锻炼对低龄、城镇居民幸福感的提升作用相对较大。健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感在文化活动与居民幸福感之间起部分中介作用,社会信任在其中的中介效应最大,其次是健康状况、社会网络、公平感。健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感在体育锻炼与居民幸福感之间起部分中介作用,健康状况在其中的中介效应最大,其次是社会信任、社会网络、公平感。

结论

应加大力度推动文化和体育事业、产业发展,使人民群众得到更好的精神文化滋养和身心健康提升,在新时代拥有更多幸福感。

文化活动  /  体育锻炼  /  幸福感  /  社会信任  /  公平感
Objective

To explore the impact of cultural activities (CA) and physical exercise (PE) on residents’ subjective well-being (SWB)and its mechanism.

Methods

Using the 2021 China Comprehensive Social Surveydata, the ordered logistic model and mediating effect model were used for empirical analysis.

Results

CA and PE could significantly enhance residents’ SWB, and the effect of CA on enhancing SWB was greater than that of PE. CA had a relatively greater impact on SWB of women, elderly, and rural residents. PE had a relatively greater impact on SWB of young and urban residents. Health status, social networks, social trust and sense of fairness all played a mediating role in the relationship between CA and SWB. Social trust had the greatest mediating effect, followed by health status, social networks and sense of fairness. Health status, social networks, social trust and sense of fairness all played a mediating role in the relationship between PE and SWB. Health status had the greatest mediating effect, followed by social trust, social networks and sense of fairness.

Conclusion

The government should strengthen efforts to promote the development of culture and sports industry, so that the people can get better spiritual and cultural nourishment and physical and mental health improvement, and have bigger SWB.

Cultural activities  /  Physical exercise  /  Happiness  /  Social trust  /  Sense of fairness
祝伟, 彭才根, 刘松. 文化活动和体育锻炼对居民幸福感的影响及机制研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (14) : 2605 -2608 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404087
Wei ZHU, Cai-gen PENG, Song LIU. A Study on the influence and mechanism of cultural activities and physical exercise on residents’ well-being[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (14) : 2605 -2608 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404087
让人民生活幸福是“国之大者”。幸福感的影响因素主要包括性别、年龄、教育、家庭关系等个体特征和经济、社会、政治、环境等外部因素[1]。随着人们的生活水平不断提高,文化和体育成为“幸福产业”的重点领域[2],文化和体育对居民幸福感的影响也成为学界关注的方向。在文化方面,研究发现文化消费能提高幸福感[3-4],且比物质消费更能带给居民幸福感[5];文化消费可通过构建阶层认同和增加社会资本提高幸福感[6];公共文化服务也可以提升幸福感[7]。在体育方面,研究发现体育锻炼对幸福感有正向影响[8-9];该影响可能通过提高健康水平和社会资本等路径发挥作用[10-11]。综上所述,已有文献围绕文化和体育对居民幸福感的影响开展了相关研究,但关于文化和体育对幸福感影响机制的研究相对较少。一般来说,居民通过参加文化活动和体育锻炼,既可以获得心情愉悦和身体健康,又可以增强社会网络[12],还可以增进其对其他人的信任感和对社会的公平感;而健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感均可能对幸福感产生积极影响[13]。因此,本研究利用2021年中国综合社会调查数据,实证检验文化活动和体育锻炼对居民幸福感的影响,以及健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感的中介效应。
本研究数据来自中国人民大学中国调查与数据中心于2021年进行的中国综合社会调查(CGSS)。CGSS以18岁及以上中国公民为调查对象,采用多阶分层PPS随机抽样和面访模式对社会、社区、家庭、个人多个层次的信息进行连续性截面调查。2021年的CGSS覆盖中国19个省份的320个社区,有效样本8 148个,具有较好的代表性。剔除相关指标严重缺失的样本后,最终得到5 458个样本。
因变量为居民的主观幸福感,参考既有研究的方法[3,6,8],通过问卷问题“总的来说,您觉得您的生活是否幸福?”来度量;其选项包括“非常不幸福”、“比较不幸福”、“说不上幸福不幸福”、“比较幸福”和“非常幸福”,分别赋值为1~5,值越大表示幸福感越高。
自变量为文化活动和体育锻炼。(1)文化活动通过问卷问题“在过去一年,您是否经常在空闲时间从事以下活动(看电视或看碟,出去看电影,读书、报纸、杂志,听音乐会、看演出和展览,在家听音乐,做手工)?”来度量;每种活动参加频率的选项均包括“从不”、“一年数次或更少”、“一月数次”、“一周数次”和“每天”,分别赋值为1~5,取上述6种文化活动参加频率的均值来表示参加文化活动的频率。(2)体育锻炼通过问卷问题“在过去一年,您是否经常在空闲时间参加体育锻炼?”来度量;其选项包括“从不”、“一年数次或更少”、“一月数次”、“一周数次”和“每天”,分别赋值为1~5,以表示参加体育锻炼的频率。
待检验的中介变量包括健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感。(1)健康状况通过问卷问题“您觉得您目前的身体健康状况是?”来度量,其选项包括“很不健康”、“比较不健康”、“一般”、“比较健康”和“很健康”,分别赋值为1~5。(2)社会网络通过问卷问题“在过去一年中,您是否经常在您的空闲时间社交或串门”来度量,其选项包括“从不”、“很少”、“有时”、“经常”和“非常频繁”,分别赋值为1~5。(3)社会信任通过问卷问题“总的来说,您同不同意在这个社会上,绝大多数人都是可以信任的?”来度量,其选项包括“非常不同意”、“比较不同意”、“说不上同意不同意”、“比较同意”和“非常同意”,分别赋值为1~5。(4)公平感通过问卷问题“总的来说,您认为当今的社会公不公平?”来度量,其选项包括“完全不公平”、“比较不公平”、“说不上公平但也不能说不公平”、“比较公平”和“完全公平”,分别赋值为1~5。
参照既有研究的方法[5-6,13-14],选择以下变量作为控制变量:性别(女=0,男=1)、年龄、受教育年限、婚姻状况(无配偶=0,有配偶=1)、家庭成员数量、独居(否=0,是=1)、工作状况(无工作=0,有工作=1)、个人社会经济地位(下层=1,中下层=2,中层=3,中上层=4,上=5层)、家庭经济状况(远低于平均水平=1,低于平均水平=2,平均水平=3,高于平均水平=4,远高于平均水平=5)、家庭自有住房数量、参加医疗保险(否=0,是=1)、参加养老保险(否=0,是=1)、居住地城乡类型(乡村=0,城镇=1)。
因变量是有序离散变量,所以选择有序logistic回归模型进行数据分析。此外,还采用分组回归方法进行异质性分析,以检验文化活动和体育锻炼对居民幸福感的影响在不同群体之间的差异。采用中介效应模型以及逐步法和Sobel检验法检验文化活动和体育锻炼是否通过影响居民的健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感来影响其幸福感。
本研究共纳入研究对象5 458人,年龄在18~99岁,平均年龄(51.815±17.629)岁;男性占比45.6%,女性占比54.4%;55.8%居住在城镇,44.2%居住在乡村;平均的幸福感为3.982±0.820,接近“比较幸福”;文化活动和体育锻炼的参加频率分别为2.182±0.606和2.825±1.617,详见表1
表2所示,文化活动和体育锻炼的回归系数(β)均显著为正,即二者对居民幸福感有显著的提升作用。平均来看,文化活动和体育锻炼的参加频率每增加1个单位,居民幸福感向更高水平变化的概率分别提高36.9%和15.1%。相比较而言,文化活动对幸福感的提升作用是体育锻炼对幸福感的提升作用的2.23倍。
分别按性别、年龄中位数(53岁)和居住地城乡类型进行分组回归,结果见表3。在性别异质性方面,文化活动对女性居民幸福感的提升作用大于对男性居民幸福感的提升作用;体育锻炼对居民幸福感的提升作用无明显的性别差异。在年龄异质性方面,文化活动对高龄居民幸福感的提升作用大于对低龄居民幸福感的提升作用;体育锻炼对低龄居民幸福感的提升作用大于对高龄居民幸福感的提升作用。在城乡异质性方面,文化活动对乡村居民幸福感的提升作用大于对城镇居民幸福感的提升作用;体育锻炼对城镇居民幸福感的提升作用大于对乡村居民幸福感的提升作用。
中介效应的回归分析结果见表4。模型1结果表明,文化活动和体育锻炼均能显著改善居民的健康状况;逐步法和Sobel检验的结果均表明存在部分中介效应,文化活动和体育锻炼均通过改善居民的健康状况对其幸福感产生正向影响,健康状况的中介效应占比分别为9.54%和10.32%。同理,模型2结果表明,文化活动和体育锻炼均通过增强居民的社会网络对其幸福感产生正向影响,社会网络的中介效应占比分别为6.67%和5.27%。模型3结果表明,文化活动和体育锻炼均通过增进居民的社会信任对其幸福感产生正向影响,社会信任的中介效应占比分别为14.42%和6.48%。模型4结果表明,文化活动和体育锻炼均通过增进居民的公平感对其幸福感产生正向影响,公平感的中介效应占比分别为3.97%和2.28%。
相比较而言,社会信任在文化活动提升幸福感中的中介效应最大(占比14.42%),其后依次是健康状况(占比9.54%)、社会网络(占比6.67%)、公平感(占比3.97%);健康状况在体育锻炼提升幸福感中的中介效应最大(占比10.32%),其后依次是社会信任(占比6.48%)、社会网络(占比5.27%)、公平感(占比2.28%)。
本研究发现文化活动和体育锻炼均可显著提升居民幸福感。从影响程度来看,本研究结果比同类研究结果略大[3,6,8],这可能是由于数据调查年份的差异。本研究还发现文化活动对幸福感的提升作用是体育锻炼对幸福感的提升作用的2.23倍,这是利用同一数据分析得出的文化活动和体育锻炼对幸福感提升作用的差异,是对同类研究的有益补充。
本研究发现,文化活动对女性居民幸福感的提升作用大于男性居民,体育锻炼对幸福感的提升作用无明显性别差异;文化活动对高龄居民幸福感的提升作用大于低龄居民,体育锻炼对低龄居民幸福感的提升作用大于高龄居民;文化活动对乡村居民幸福感的提升作用大于城镇居民,体育锻炼对城镇居民幸福感的提升作用大于乡村居民。
本研究结果表明,健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感在文化活动与幸福感之间起部分中介作用,社会信任在其中的中介效应最大,其次是健康状况、社会网络和公平感。健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感在体育锻炼与幸福感之间起部分中介作用,健康状况在其中的中介效应最大,其次是社会信任、社会网络和公平感。
综上所述,文化活动和体育锻炼均对居民幸福感有显著提升作用,而健康状况、社会网络、社会信任和公平感均在其中起部分中介作用,且该提升作用在不同群体之间存在异质性。有鉴于此,应加大力度推动文化和体育事业、产业发展,针对不同群体提供有针对性的文体服务,使人民群众得到更好的精神文化滋养和身心健康提升,在新时代拥有更多幸福感。同时,本研究采用横断面研究的方法进行分析存在一定的局限性,可能存在样本自选择和变量测量误差等问题,后续可通过面板数据、纵向研究等方法进一步探讨。
  • 国家社会科学基金项目(22BTJ068)
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2024年第51卷第14期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404087
  • 接收时间:2024-04-07
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-07
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国家社会科学基金项目(22BTJ068)
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    1.常州工学院经济与管理学院,江苏 常州 213032
    2.上海中侨职业技术大学经济与管理学院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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