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Article(id=1241102733256750040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404218, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1713110400000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773831550181, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1721836800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773831550181, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773831550181, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831550181, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241102730337505325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='14', pageStart='2497', pageEnd='2688', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773831549486, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831697291, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2523, endPage=2527, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241102735890772017, articleId=1241102733256750040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses in the surveillance of influenza-like cases in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 2023, columnId=1228016567443718970, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods Advances, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (referred to as SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2023, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of acute respiratory infectious diseases in the region.

Methods

Collect the ILI surveillance data and nucleic acid detection data of influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 from the first to 52nd week of 2023 in the whole district and describe and statistically analyze the percentage of ILI among outpatient cases and the epidemiological data of influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, statistical methods used were χ2 test.

Results

A total of 166 307 cases of ILI were reported in sentinel hospitals from weeks 1 to 52 in 2023, and the total number of cases attended was 6 143 210, and the percentage of ILI in the number of cases attending outpatient emergency departments (ILI%) was 2.71%. ILI% was statistically different in different weeks (χ2=35 246.742, P<0.05) and different regions (χ2=71 475.341, P<0.05)were statistically different. A total of 25 680 ILI specimens were collected in the sentinel hospitals, and the nucleic acid positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 11.75%, and the positivity rate was statistically different in different weeks (χ2=2 272.239, P<0.05), different age groups (χ2=1 012.19, P<0.05), different regions (χ2=114.624, P<0.05), and different genders (χ2=26.464, P<0.05) were statistically different. Influenza virus nucleic acid positivity rate was 12.77%, and the positivity rate was statistically different in different weeks (χ2=9 606.493, P<0.05), different age groups (χ2=717.307, P<0.05), and different regions (χ2=41.406, P<0.05).

Conclusion

COVID-19 infection and influenza are alternately prevalent in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from week 1 to 52 in 2023, and continuous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus is needed to obtain more monitoring data to provide scientific data support for effective prevention and control of acute respiratory infectious diseases.

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目的

分析2023年内蒙古自治区严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）和流感病毒流行特征，为全区急性呼吸道传染病防控提供参考依据。

方法

收集2023年全区第1～52周流感样病例（ILI）监测数据和ILI标本SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒的核酸检测数据，对ILI占门急诊就诊病例人数百分比、SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒病原学监测数据进行描述和统计分析，统计学方法采用χ2检验。

结果

2023年第1～52周哨点医院共报告ILI 166 307例，就诊病例总数为6 143 210例，ILI占门急诊就诊病例人数百分比（ILI%)为2.71%。ILI%在不同周次（χ2=35 246.742，P<0.05）、不同地区（χ2=71 475.341，P<0.05）均存在统计学差异。哨点医院累计采集ILI标本25 680份，SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性率11.75%，阳性率在不同周次（χ2=2 272.239，P<0.05）、不同年龄组（χ2=1 012.19，P<0.05）、不同地区（χ2=114.624，P<0.05）、不同性别（χ2=26.464，P<0.05）均存在统计学差异。流感病毒核酸阳性率12.77%，阳性率在不同周次（χ2=9 606.493，P<0.05）、不同年龄组（χ2=717.307，P<0.05）、不同地区（χ2=41.406，P<0.05）均存在统计学差异。

结论

2023年第1～52周内蒙古自治区新型冠状病毒感染和流行性感冒交替流行，需持续进行SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒监测，获得更多监测数据，为有效防控急性呼吸道传染病提供科学的数据支撑。

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雷霞，E-mail：
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李茹茹（1998—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：疾病预防与控制

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李茹茹（1998—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：疾病预防与控制

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Nucleic acid testing ofILI specimens in sentinel hospitals in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目检测份数SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性流感核酸阳性A(H3N2)A(H1N1）B(Victoria)混合型
阳性数阳性率
（%）		总阳性数总阳性率（%）阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）
性别
男13 1481 41210.741 71813.0798957.5755132.071699.8490.52
女12 5321 60512.811 56112.4694058.5746930.041479.4250.32
年龄组(岁)
0～47 5444165.517209.5438253.0628339.315416.8810.14
5～146 4534416.831 18818.4160450.8440834.3416814.1480.67
15～242 10334716.5043320.5933978.295512.70368.3020.46
25～595 9851 01716.9969911.6844563.6619828.33557.8710.14
≥603 5957966.652396.6515966.537531.3831.2620.84
), ArticleFig(id=1241102745504117339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102733256750040, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2023年内蒙古自治区哨点医院ILI标本核酸检测情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目检测份数SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性流感核酸阳性A(H3N2)A(H1N1）B(Victoria)混合型
阳性数阳性率
（%）		总阳性数总阳性率（%）阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）
性别
男13 1481 41210.741 71813.0798957.5755132.071699.8490.52
女12 5321 60512.811 56112.4694058.5746930.041479.4250.32
年龄组(岁)
0～47 5444165.517209.5438253.0628339.315416.8810.14
5～146 4534416.831 18818.4160450.8440834.3416814.1480.67
15～242 10334716.5043320.5933978.295512.70368.3020.46
25～595 9851 01716.9969911.6844563.6619828.33557.8710.14
≥603 5957966.652396.6515966.537531.3831.2620.84
), ArticleFig(id=1241102745608974948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102733256750040, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Nucleic acid testing ofILI specimens in sentinel hospitals in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region by region, 2023

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目检测份数SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性流感核酸阳性A(H3N2)A(H1N1）B(Victoria)混合型
阳性数阳性率
（%）		总阳性数总阳性率（%）阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）
东8 4397178.501 04512.3861558.8532831.391029.7600.00
中9 5881 38714.471 29413.0381462.9137528.971007.7350.39
西7 65391311.939 4012.2850053.1931733.7211412.1391.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241102745722221165, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102733256750040, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

2023年内蒙古自治区哨点医院ILI标本分地区核酸检测情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目检测份数SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性流感核酸阳性A(H3N2)A(H1N1）B(Victoria)混合型
阳性数阳性率
（%）		总阳性数总阳性率（%）阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）		阳性数构成比
（%）
东8 4397178.501 04512.3861558.8532831.391029.7600.00
中9 5881 38714.471 29413.0381462.9137528.971007.7350.39
西7 65391311.939 4012.2850053.1931733.7211412.1391.00
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内蒙古自治区2023年流感样病例监测中SARS-CoV-2与流感病毒流行特征分析
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李茹茹 1 , 王迎艳 2 , 跃华 2 , 赵榕 2 , 杜青青 2 , 冯静 2 , 姜晓峰 2 , 雷霞 2
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024,51(14): 2523-2527
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现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2024, 51(14): 2523-2527
内蒙古自治区2023年流感样病例监测中SARS-CoV-2与流感病毒流行特征分析
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李茹茹1, 王迎艳2, 跃华2, 赵榕2, 杜青青2, 冯静2, 姜晓峰2, 雷霞2
作者信息
  • 1.内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010107
  • 2.内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心

    • 李茹茹（1998—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：疾病预防与控制

通讯作者:

雷霞，E-mail：
Epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses in the surveillance of influenza-like cases in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 2023
Ru-ru LI1, Ying-yan WANG2, Hua YUE2, Rong ZHAO2, Qing-qing DU2, Jing FENG2, Xiao-feng JIANG2, Xia LEI2
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia 010107, China
出版时间: 2024-07-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404218
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摘要
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目的

分析2023年内蒙古自治区严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）和流感病毒流行特征，为全区急性呼吸道传染病防控提供参考依据。

方法

收集2023年全区第1～52周流感样病例（ILI）监测数据和ILI标本SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒的核酸检测数据，对ILI占门急诊就诊病例人数百分比、SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒病原学监测数据进行描述和统计分析，统计学方法采用χ2检验。

结果

2023年第1～52周哨点医院共报告ILI 166 307例，就诊病例总数为6 143 210例，ILI占门急诊就诊病例人数百分比（ILI%)为2.71%。ILI%在不同周次（χ2=35 246.742，P<0.05）、不同地区（χ2=71 475.341，P<0.05）均存在统计学差异。哨点医院累计采集ILI标本25 680份，SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性率11.75%，阳性率在不同周次（χ2=2 272.239，P<0.05）、不同年龄组（χ2=1 012.19，P<0.05）、不同地区（χ2=114.624，P<0.05）、不同性别（χ2=26.464，P<0.05）均存在统计学差异。流感病毒核酸阳性率12.77%，阳性率在不同周次（χ2=9 606.493，P<0.05）、不同年龄组（χ2=717.307，P<0.05）、不同地区（χ2=41.406，P<0.05）均存在统计学差异。

结论

2023年第1～52周内蒙古自治区新型冠状病毒感染和流行性感冒交替流行，需持续进行SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒监测，获得更多监测数据，为有效防控急性呼吸道传染病提供科学的数据支撑。

内蒙古自治区  /  严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2  /  流感病毒  /  流行特征
Objective

To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (referred to as SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2023, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of acute respiratory infectious diseases in the region.

Methods

Collect the ILI surveillance data and nucleic acid detection data of influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 from the first to 52nd week of 2023 in the whole district and describe and statistically analyze the percentage of ILI among outpatient cases and the epidemiological data of influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, statistical methods used were χ2 test.

Results

A total of 166 307 cases of ILI were reported in sentinel hospitals from weeks 1 to 52 in 2023, and the total number of cases attended was 6 143 210, and the percentage of ILI in the number of cases attending outpatient emergency departments (ILI%) was 2.71%. ILI% was statistically different in different weeks (χ2=35 246.742, P<0.05) and different regions (χ2=71 475.341, P<0.05)were statistically different. A total of 25 680 ILI specimens were collected in the sentinel hospitals, and the nucleic acid positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 11.75%, and the positivity rate was statistically different in different weeks (χ2=2 272.239, P<0.05), different age groups (χ2=1 012.19, P<0.05), different regions (χ2=114.624, P<0.05), and different genders (χ2=26.464, P<0.05) were statistically different. Influenza virus nucleic acid positivity rate was 12.77%, and the positivity rate was statistically different in different weeks (χ2=9 606.493, P<0.05), different age groups (χ2=717.307, P<0.05), and different regions (χ2=41.406, P<0.05).

Conclusion

COVID-19 infection and influenza are alternately prevalent in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from week 1 to 52 in 2023, and continuous monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus is needed to obtain more monitoring data to provide scientific data support for effective prevention and control of acute respiratory infectious diseases.

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region  /  Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2  /  Influenza virus  /  Epidemiological characteristics
李茹茹, 王迎艳, 跃华, 赵榕, 杜青青, 冯静, 姜晓峰, 雷霞. 内蒙古自治区2023年流感样病例监测中SARS-CoV-2与流感病毒流行特征分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (14) : 2523 -2527 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404218
Ru-ru LI, Ying-yan WANG, Hua YUE, Rong ZHAO, Qing-qing DU, Jing FENG, Xiao-feng JIANG, Xia LEI. Epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses in the surveillance of influenza-like cases in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 2023[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (14) : 2523 -2527 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404218
正文
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新型冠状病毒感染（Corona Virus Disease 2019，COVID-19）是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus 2，SARS-CoV-2）引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病，主要表现为咽干、咽痛、咳嗽、发热等，少数患者伴有鼻塞、流涕、腹泻等上呼吸道和消化道症状[1]。2023年12月31日，世界卫生组织（World Health Organization，WHO）报告的数据中显示，已有231个国家和地区报告了COVID-19病例，225个国家和地区报告了COVID-19死亡病例，全球报告COVID-19确诊病例超过7.7亿例，COVID-19死亡病例近700万例[2]。流行性感冒（简称流感）是由流感病毒引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病，主要症状表现为咳嗽、发热等，具有发病率高、传染性强、流行面广、人群普遍易感等特点[3]。据WHO统计，全球范围内，每年因流感引起的重症数接近于300～500万例，相关呼吸系统疾病死亡数接近于29～65万例[4]。COVID-19和流感对人类健康造成巨大影响，因此坚持长期、不间断地开展COVID-19和流感监测，了解其流行特征具有非常重要的意义。
本研究分析2023年内蒙古自治区19家国家级流感样病例（influenza-like illnesses，ILI）监测哨点医院（简称哨点医院）中SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒流行特征，为全区COVID-19、流感等急性呼吸道传染病的有效防控供科学的数据支撑。
1　资料与方法
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1.1　数据来源
内蒙古自治区19家哨点医院2023年第1～52周的ILI监测数据和ILI标本检测结果，均来源于“中国流感监测信息系统”。
1.2　流感样病例定义
流感样病例（influenza-like illness，ILI）定义为：发热（体温≥38℃），伴咳嗽或咽痛之一者。
1.3　ILI监测内容
由全区19家哨点医院监测诊室（综合医院：内科门诊和急诊、发热门诊、儿内科门诊和急诊。儿童医院：儿内科门诊和急诊、发热门诊）的医护人员每天登记ILI病例数和门急诊病例就诊病例总数，并及时录入“中国流感监测信息系统”。同时每周采集10份至40份（全年平均达到每周采集20份）ILI标本，送至对应的网络实验室进行SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒检测，结果录入“中国流感监测信息系统”。
1.4　统计分析
使用Excel 2013整理数据，SPSS 17.0进行统计学分析。阳性率的差异比较用χ2检验，检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　ILI监测基本情况
2023年第1～52周19家哨点医院监测诊室共报告166 307例ILI，门急诊就诊病例总数为6 143 210例，ILI占门急诊就诊病例人数百分比（简称ILI%）为2.71%。每周ILI%在0.61%～5.62%之间波动。
2.1.1　ILI%时间分布
ILI%的流行在2023年出现两个高峰和一个小高峰：第一个高峰是7～15周（ILI%为1.68%～5.62%）；第二个高峰是42～52周（ILI%为3.06%～4.81%）；小高峰是18～30周（ILI%为2.49%～3.22%）。不同监测周次ILI%差异有统计学意义（χ2=35 246.742，P<0.05）。见图1。
2.1.2　ILI年龄分布
2023年第1～52周各哨点医院报告的ILI中0～4岁组最多，占41.05%（68 274/166 307）；其次为5～14岁组，占28.43%（47 284/166 307）；25～59岁组，占16.49%（27 429/166 307）；15～24岁组，占7.15%（11 892/166 307)；≥60岁组,占6.87%(11 428/166 307)。见图2。
2.1.3　地区分布
按照气象地理区划将内蒙古自治区分为东部、中部、西部（东部：赤峰市、通辽市、兴安盟、呼伦贝尔市；中部：呼和浩特市、乌兰察布市、锡林郭勒盟；西部：阿拉善盟、巴彦淖尔市、乌海市、鄂尔多斯市、包头市），分别按周统计ILI%。东部地区ILI%的流行在2023年出现两个高峰和一个小高峰：第一个高峰是7～12周（ILI%为1.26%～4.72%）；第二个高峰是43～52周（ILI%为2.31%～4.86%）；小高峰是18～27周（ILI%为1.53%～2.35%）。中部地区ILI%的流行在2023年出现两个高峰和一个小高峰：第一个高峰是6～15周（ILI%为4.05%～10.76%）；第二个高峰是42～52周（ILI%为5.77%～8.15%）；小高峰是18～30周（ILI%为4.82%～6.25%）。西部地区ILI%的流行在2023年出现两个高峰和一个小高峰：第一个高峰是7～14周（ILI%为0.19%～3.61%）；第二个高峰是42～52周（ILI%为2.86%～4.24%）；小高峰是20～28周（ILI%为1.51%～2.73%）。不同地区ILI%差异有统计学意义（χ2=71 475.341，P<0.05）。见图3。
2.2　病原学监测基本情况
2023年第1～52周在全区19家哨点医院共采集ILI标本25 680份，所有标本均送至网络实验室进行SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒核酸检测，共检出SARS-CoV-2阳性标本3 017份，阳性率为11.75%；流感病毒阳性标本3 279份，阳性率为12.77%，其中A(H3N2)亚型占58.83%（1 929/3 279），A(H1N1)亚型占31.11%（1 020/3 279），B(Victoria)系占9.64%（316/3 279），A(H3N2)亚型和A(H1N1)亚型均阳性占0.34%（11/3 279），A(H3N2)亚型和B(Victoria)系均阳性占0.09%（3/3 279）。
2.2.1　时间分布
2.2.1.1　SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性时间分布
ILI标本中，SARS-CoV-2阳性率从2023年第1周开始快速下降，至2023年第11周阳性率降至1.69%。2023年第12周（5.56%）开始呈现快速波动上升，至2023年第22周升至44.70%，2023年第23周之后呈现波动下降，至2023年第30周阳性率降至9.13%。2023年第31周（13.48%）开始呈现波动上升，至2023年第36周升至22.89%，2023年第37周之后呈现波动下降，至2023年第52周阳性率降至0.54%。不同监测周次的ILI标本SARS-CoV-2阳性率差异有统计学意义，（χ2=2 272.239，P<0.05）。
2.2.1.2　流感病毒核酸阳性时间分布
ILI标本中，流感病毒阳性率在2023年第1～3周呈现低水平流行。从2023年第4周（3.45%）开始呈现快速波动上升，至2023年第9周升至55.72%，2023年第10周之后呈现波动下降，至2023年第17周阳性率降至4.80%，流感病毒以A(H3N2)亚型和A(H1N1)亚型流行为主。2023年第18～40周呈现低水平流行。2023年第41周（2.37%）开始呈现快速波动上升，至2023年第52周阳性率升至28.29%，流感病毒以A(H3N2)亚型、A(H1N1)亚型和B(Victoria)系共同流行。不同监测周次ILI标本流感病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义，（χ2=9 606.493，P<0.05）。见图4。
2.2.2　人群分布
2023年第1～52周ILI标本SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒病原学监测中，按性别统计，男性ILI标本SARS-CoV-2阳性率为10.74%（1 412/13 148），女性ILI标本SARS-CoV-2阳性率为12.81%（1 605/12 532），男性比女性为1∶1.14，不同性别SARS-CoV-2阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=26.464，P<0.05）。男性ILI标本流感病毒阳性率为13.07%（1 718/13 148），女性ILI标本流感病毒阳性率为12.46%（1 561/12 532），男性比女性为1.10:1，不同性别流感病毒阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2=5.143，P=0.273），且男女性别均以A(H3N2)亚型感染为主，构成比分别为57.57%和58.57%，其次是A(H1N1)亚型（32.07%和30.04%）。
≥60岁组SARS-CoV-2阳性率最高为22.14%（796/3 595），其次25～59岁组为16.99%（1 017/5 985），最低0～4岁组为5.51%（416/7 544），不同年龄组SARS-CoV-2阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=1 012.19，P<0.05）。15～24岁组流感病毒阳性率最高为20.59%（433/2 103），其次5～14岁组为18.41%（1 188/6 453），最低≥60岁组为6.65%（239/3 595），不同年龄组流感病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=717.307，P<0.05）。各年龄组均以A(H3N2)亚型感染为主，构成比分别为53.06%、50.84%、78.29%、63.66%、66.53%。见表1。
2.2.3　地区分布
内蒙古中部地区ILI标本中SARS-CoV-2阳性率高于东部和西部地区，不同地区SARS-CoV-2阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=114.624，P<0.05）。中部地区ILI标本中流感病毒阳性率高于东部和西部地区，且各地区阳性标本均以A(H3N2)亚型为主，不同地区流感病毒阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2=41.406，P<0.05）。见表2。
3　讨论
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2023年第1～52周内蒙古自治区19家哨点医院ILI监测结果显示，ILI%、ILI标本SARS-CoV-2阳性率和流感病毒阳性率与中国疾病预防控制中心发布的全国COVID-19疫情情况哨点监测中ILI%、ILI标本SARS-CoV-2阳性率和流感病毒阳性率流行趋势一致[5]。ILI%呈现较高水平时，ILI标本检出的SARS-CoV-2阳性和流感病毒阳性数也增加，即ILI%与SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒活跃度间呈现正相关且流行高峰吻合。ILI%变动情况可反映SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒活动的强弱情况，目前ILI报告监测已经成为COVID-19和流感监测早期预警的重要方法之一[6-8]。SARS-CoV-2阳性率在2023年第12～30周SARS-CoV-2阳性率呈现一个流行高峰，原因可能是SARS-CoV-2新的变异株XBB及其亚分支在3月份传入我国，逐渐成为优势流行株，引起COVID-19新一波流行[9]。流感病毒阳性率在2023年第4～17周和41～52周呈现两个流行高峰，原因可能是流感在我国北方地区有明显的季节特性和冬春季高峰期活动规律，且内蒙古地区个别年份3～5月出现第二个小高峰[10-12]。2023年第1～52周SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒流交替流行，使ILI%全年大多时间维持在较高水平。
2023年第1～52周哨点医院ILI%占比最高为0～4岁组，最低为≥60岁组，与周丽君等关于四川省流感监测研究一致[13]。ILI标本SARS-CoV-2阳性率以≥60岁组阳性率最高，推测是老年人免疫力低，易感染新冠状病毒，并伴有严重的疾病负担，送医就诊率比其他年龄组人群高所致[14]。ILI标本流感病毒阳性率男女没有性别差异，与李晶等关于北京市北苑地区流感流行特征研究一致，且均以A(H3N2)亚型流感病毒感染为主[15]。流感阳性标本中15～24岁组阳性率最高，可能是15～24岁组年龄组人群主要为在校学生，学校人群聚集，患流感等呼吸道传染病机率增加，也可能因为监护人较重视学生身体健康，送医就诊率较高[16]。
2023年第1～52周中部地区ILI标本SARS-CoV-2阳性率和流感病毒阳性率均高于东部和西部地区，原因可能是中部地区属经济发达的城市群，人口流动较大，亦有自治区首府所在[17]，人群卫生健康素养和就医意识高。
2023年第1～52周内蒙古自治区COVID-19和流感呈现交替流行，流感的流行具有冬春季高发的季节性特点。本文只对2023年哨点医院监测数据进行了分析，需持续进行SARS-CoV-2和流感病毒哨点监测，获得更多监测数据，为有效防控急性呼吸道传染病提供科学的数据支撑。
基金
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  • 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0003)
  • 内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(201802140)
文献
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2024年第51卷第14期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202404218
  • 接收时间：2024-04-15
  • 首发时间：2026-03-18
  • 出版时间：2024-07-25
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  • 收稿日期：2024-04-15
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内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0003)
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(201802140)
作者信息
    1.内蒙古医科大学公共卫生学院，内蒙古 呼和浩特 010107
    2.内蒙古自治区疾病预防控制中心

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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