Article(id=1241102732820542402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202402067, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1707148800000, receivedDateStr=2024-02-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773831550078, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1721836800000, pubDateStr=2024-07-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773831550078, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773831550078, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831550078, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241102730337505325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='14', pageStart='2497', pageEnd='2688', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773831549486, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773831697291, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241103350322745681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241102730337505325, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2562, endPage=2567, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241102733529379807, articleId=1241102732820542402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Relationship between online sexual harassment experience and the sexual values of primary and secondary school students, the mediating effects of psychological resilience, columnId=1228016568949474136, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Child and Adolescent health, Maternal and Child Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the relationship between online sexual harassment experiences and the sexual values of primary and secondary school students, and to provide scientific reference for comprehensive sex education for primary and secondary school students.

Methods

The study used a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to select 4 051 primary and secondary school students from 9 schools in Fushun County, collecting information on the social demographics, online sexual harassment experiences, sexual values, psychological resilience, and social capital of primary and secondary school students. The study analyzed the impact of online sexual harassment experiences on the sexual values of primary and secondary school students using a multiple linear regression model. The mediating effect of psychological resilience was tested using the Bootstrap method (repeated sampling 5 000 times).

Results

It showed that out of 4 051 primary and secondary school students surveyed, 754 students (18.61%) reported experiencing online sexual harassment. In the regression model, online sexual harassment experiences were negatively associated with scores on sexual violence and safety perceptions (β=-0.50, P<0.05), gender power and social gender perceptions (β=-0.25, P<0.05), and positively associated with scores on sexual and reproductive health perceptions (β=0.31, P<0.05). Psychological resilience played a partial mediating role (β=-0.38, P<0.05), accounting for 46.34% of the mediating effect between online sexual harassment experiences and the sexual values of primary and secondary school students.

Conclusion

Online sexual harassment experiences are negatively associated with the sexual violence and safety perceptions, gender power and social gender perceptions of primary and secondary school students while being positively associated with the sexual and reproductive health perceptions of primary and secondary school students. Improving psychological resilience may help promote the formation of scientific and normative sexual values among primary and secondary school students.

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目的

探讨网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观的关联,为中小学生全面性教育工作提供科学参考。

方法

通过多阶段分层整群抽样法,抽取富顺县9所学校的4 051名中小学生,收集中小学生社会人口学特征、网络性骚扰经历、性价值观、心理弹性、社会资本等信息。通过多重线性回归模型分析网络性骚扰经历对中小学生性价值观的影响。用Bootstrap法(重复抽样5 000次)检验心理弹性的中介效应。

结果

调查4 051名中小学生,754名学生(占18.61%)自报遭遇过网络性骚扰经历。回归分析结果发现,网络性骚扰经历和中小学生性暴力与性安全观得分(β=-0.50,P<0.05)、性别权力与社会性别观得分(β=-0.25,P<0.05)均有负向关联,而网络性骚扰经历和中小学生性与生殖健康观得分具有正向关联(β=0.31,P<0.05)。心理弹性在网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观之间起部分中介效应(β=-0.38,P<0.05,中介效应占比46.34%)。

结论

网络性骚扰经历和中小学生性暴力与性安全观、性别权力与社会性别观有负向关联,而网络性骚扰经历和性与生殖健康观有正向关联。通过改善心理弹性可能有助于促进中小学生形成科学规范的性价值观。

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杨淑娟,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=wfyUtkmy3SFqJo6WoqdMlg==, magXml=0vT49pxY9uMPi3uO8SYtvw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=EdrYCvPna2npWTjaQGIZJQ==, pdfFileSize=633571, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=g3IYJTJFp2vKZmtYnOeXOA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

杨波(1985—),男,硕士,主治医师,研究方向:健康管理

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杨波(1985—),男,硕士,主治医师,研究方向:健康管理

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Journal of Adolescence, 2021, 93: 202-211., articleTitle=Online sexual harassment and cyberbullying in a nationally representative sample of teens: Prevalence, predictors, and consequences, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241102745885799029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, awardId=2023CX21, language=CN, fundingSource=“四川大学‘从0到1’创新研究项目(2023CX21), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241102745994850938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, awardId=42271433, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(42271433), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241102746087125633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, awardId=2023YFS0251, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省重点研发项目(2023YFS0251), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241102746187788940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, awardId=SXJYB2135, language=CN, fundingSource=四川性社会学与性教育研究中心资助项目(SXJYB2135), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241102735815274538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241102735840440366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, companyId=1241102735815274538, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241102735861411888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, companyId=1241102735815274538, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.成都大学附属医院,四川 成都 610081)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241102735974658103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241102735983046713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, companyId=1241102735974658103, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241102736075321413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241102736092098630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, companyId=1241102736075321413, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.成都市东部新区文化旅游体育局)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241102744631702042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Distribution of socio-demographic characteristics of research subjects based on online sexual harassment experience

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量类别调查人数(%)有网络性骚扰经历无网络性骚扰经历χ2P
年龄(岁)42.50<0.001
<151 319 (32.56)170 (12.88)1 150 (87.12)
≥152 732 (67.44)584 (21.38)2 147 (78.62)
教育程度81.44<0.001
小学632 (15.60)40 (6.33)592 (93.67)
初中975 (24.07)177 (18.15)798 (81.85)
高中1 870 (46.16)414 (22.14)1 456 (77.86)
职高574 (14.17)123 (21.43)451 (78.57)
性别66.36<0.001
1 856 (45.82)446 (24.03)1 410 (75.97)
2 195 (54.18)308 (14.03)1 887 (85.97)
民族2.560.110
汉族4 031 (99.51)747 (18.53)3 284 (81.47)
少数民族20 (0.49)7 (35.00)13 (65.00)
是否独生子女0.010.907
3 053 (75.36)567 (18.57)2 486 (81.43)
998 (24.64)187 (18.74)811 (81.26)
), ArticleFig(id=1241102744740753955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

基于网络性骚扰经历的研究对象社会人口统计学特征分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量类别调查人数(%)有网络性骚扰经历无网络性骚扰经历χ2P
年龄(岁)42.50<0.001
<151 319 (32.56)170 (12.88)1 150 (87.12)
≥152 732 (67.44)584 (21.38)2 147 (78.62)
教育程度81.44<0.001
小学632 (15.60)40 (6.33)592 (93.67)
初中975 (24.07)177 (18.15)798 (81.85)
高中1 870 (46.16)414 (22.14)1 456 (77.86)
职高574 (14.17)123 (21.43)451 (78.57)
性别66.36<0.001
1 856 (45.82)446 (24.03)1 410 (75.97)
2 195 (54.18)308 (14.03)1 887 (85.97)
民族2.560.110
汉族4 031 (99.51)747 (18.53)3 284 (81.47)
少数民族20 (0.49)7 (35.00)13 (65.00)
是否独生子女0.010.907
3 053 (75.36)567 (18.57)2 486 (81.43)
998 (24.64)187 (18.74)811 (81.26)
), ArticleFig(id=1241102744833028649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Sexual values situation of research object(n, %)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性价值观维度性价值观条目完全不同意不同意中立/不清楚比较同意完全同意
性暴力与性安全观色情媒体/电影的信息不利于未成年人身心健康215(5.31)144(3.55)913(22.54)982(24.24)1 797(44.36)
被性骚扰或性侵后,应该向家人/老师/警察求助98(2.42)39(0.96)285(7.04)815(20.12)2 814(69.46)
性别权力与社会性别观女生和男生在职业、家庭、爱情等方面的权力可以平等89(2.20)64(1.58)606(14.96)884(21.82)2 408(59.44)
女生可以果敢坚毅,男生也可以温柔可爱100(2.47)105(2.59)650(16.05)990(24.44)2 206(54.46)
性与生殖健康观女生需要了解男生的生理卫生知识125(3.09)137(3.38)1 460(36.04)1 192(29.42)1 137(28.07)
男生需要了解女生的生理卫生知识120(2.96)107(2.64)1 342(33.13)1 231(30.39)1 251(30.88)
), ArticleFig(id=1241102744946274866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

研究对象性价值观情况(n,%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性价值观维度性价值观条目完全不同意不同意中立/不清楚比较同意完全同意
性暴力与性安全观色情媒体/电影的信息不利于未成年人身心健康215(5.31)144(3.55)913(22.54)982(24.24)1 797(44.36)
被性骚扰或性侵后,应该向家人/老师/警察求助98(2.42)39(0.96)285(7.04)815(20.12)2 814(69.46)
性别权力与社会性别观女生和男生在职业、家庭、爱情等方面的权力可以平等89(2.20)64(1.58)606(14.96)884(21.82)2 408(59.44)
女生可以果敢坚毅,男生也可以温柔可爱100(2.47)105(2.59)650(16.05)990(24.44)2 206(54.46)
性与生殖健康观女生需要了解男生的生理卫生知识125(3.09)137(3.38)1 460(36.04)1 192(29.42)1 137(28.07)
男生需要了解女生的生理卫生知识120(2.96)107(2.64)1 342(33.13)1 231(30.39)1 251(30.88)
), ArticleFig(id=1241102745088881211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Regression analysis of online sexual harassment experience and sexual values in primary and secondary schools

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性价值观维度因变量SE标化βtPβ值(95%CI
整体性价值观a性骚扰经历
无(参照组)
0.17-0.05-2.920.004-0.44(-0.83~-0.16)
性暴力与性安全观a性骚扰经历
无(参照组)
0.07-0.11-7.56<0.001-0.50(-0.64~-0.37)
性别权力与社会性别观a性骚扰经历
无(参照组)
0.07-0.05-3.71<0.001-0.25(-0.38~-0.12)
性与生殖健康观a性骚扰经历
无(参照组)
0.080.044.180.0110.31(0.17~0.47)
), ArticleFig(id=1241102745252459080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观的回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性价值观维度因变量SE标化βtPβ值(95%CI
整体性价值观a性骚扰经历
无(参照组)
0.17-0.05-2.920.004-0.44(-0.83~-0.16)
性暴力与性安全观a性骚扰经历
无(参照组)
0.07-0.11-7.56<0.001-0.50(-0.64~-0.37)
性别权力与社会性别观a性骚扰经历
无(参照组)
0.07-0.05-3.71<0.001-0.25(-0.38~-0.12)
性与生殖健康观a性骚扰经历
无(参照组)
0.080.044.180.0110.31(0.17~0.47)
), ArticleFig(id=1241102745378288210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Correlation analysis of online sexual harassment experience, sexual values, psychological resilience and social capital

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 12345678
1网络性骚扰经历NA1.00
2心理弹性36.29±7.9-0.13c1.00
3性暴力与性安全观8.52±1.71-0.15c0.26c1.00
4性别权力与社会性别观8.61±1.71-0.09c0.24c0.52c1.00
5性与生殖健康观7.60±1.920.04c0.18c0.25c0.49c1.00
6同辈社会资本5.46±1.68-0.010.24c0.05b0.030.08c1.00
7家庭社会资本12.52±2.15-0.19c0.30c0.20c0.15c0.06c0.17c1.00
8学校社会资本20.02±4.20-0.12c0.42c0.23c0.23c0.15c0.43c0.43c1.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241102745512505948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

网络性骚扰经历、性价值观、心理弹性、社会资本相关性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 12345678
1网络性骚扰经历NA1.00
2心理弹性36.29±7.9-0.13c1.00
3性暴力与性安全观8.52±1.71-0.15c0.26c1.00
4性别权力与社会性别观8.61±1.71-0.09c0.24c0.52c1.00
5性与生殖健康观7.60±1.920.04c0.18c0.25c0.49c1.00
6同辈社会资本5.46±1.68-0.010.24c0.05b0.030.08c1.00
7家庭社会资本12.52±2.15-0.19c0.30c0.20c0.15c0.06c0.17c1.00
8学校社会资本20.02±4.20-0.12c0.42c0.23c0.23c0.15c0.43c0.43c1.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241102745613169253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Test results of mediating effect of mental resilience

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因变量影响路径SEtP效应(95%CI
整体性价值观总效应0.17-4.83<0.001-0.82(-1.14~-0.48)
直接效应0.16-2.670.008-0.44(-0.75~-0.12)
间接效应0.06NANA-0.38(-0.50~-0.27)
性暴力与性安全观总效应0.07-9.36<0.001-0.64(-0.77~-0.51)
直接效应0.67-7.55<0.001-0.50(-0.64~-0.37)
间接效应0.02NANA-0.14(-0.18~-0.10)
性别权力与社会性别观总效应0.07-5.49<0.001-0.38(-0.51~-0.24)
直接效应0.07-3.71<0.001-0.25(-0.38~-0.12)
间接效应0.02NANA-0.13(-0.17~-0.09)
性与生殖健康观总效应0.082.64<0.0010.20(0.05~0.36)
直接效应0.084.18<0.0010.31(0.17~0.47)
间接效应0.02NANA-0.11(-0.16~-0.08)
), ArticleFig(id=1241102745718026859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241102732820542402, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

心理弹性的中介效应检验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因变量影响路径SEtP效应(95%CI
整体性价值观总效应0.17-4.83<0.001-0.82(-1.14~-0.48)
直接效应0.16-2.670.008-0.44(-0.75~-0.12)
间接效应0.06NANA-0.38(-0.50~-0.27)
性暴力与性安全观总效应0.07-9.36<0.001-0.64(-0.77~-0.51)
直接效应0.67-7.55<0.001-0.50(-0.64~-0.37)
间接效应0.02NANA-0.14(-0.18~-0.10)
性别权力与社会性别观总效应0.07-5.49<0.001-0.38(-0.51~-0.24)
直接效应0.07-3.71<0.001-0.25(-0.38~-0.12)
间接效应0.02NANA-0.13(-0.17~-0.09)
性与生殖健康观总效应0.082.64<0.0010.20(0.05~0.36)
直接效应0.084.18<0.0010.31(0.17~0.47)
间接效应0.02NANA-0.11(-0.16~-0.08)
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网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观关系研究:心理弹性的中介效应
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杨波 1 , 苏甦 2 , 余彬 2 , 黄玉玲 3 , 曾红莲 1 , 余鹏 2 , 王思邯 2 , 杨济其 2 , 叶婷婷 2 , 马春兰 2 , 范云喆 2 , 蔡长伟 2 , 杨淑娟 2, 1
现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2024,51(14): 2562-2567
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现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2024, 51(14): 2562-2567
网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观关系研究:心理弹性的中介效应
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杨波1, 苏甦2, 余彬2, 黄玉玲3, 曾红莲1, 余鹏2, 王思邯2, 杨济其2, 叶婷婷2, 马春兰2, 范云喆2, 蔡长伟2, 杨淑娟2, 1
作者信息
  • 1.成都大学附属医院,四川 成都 610081
  • 2.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院
  • 3.成都市东部新区文化旅游体育局
  • 杨波(1985—),男,硕士,主治医师,研究方向:健康管理

通讯作者:

杨淑娟,E-mail:
Relationship between online sexual harassment experience and the sexual values of primary and secondary school students, the mediating effects of psychological resilience
Bo YANG1, Su SU2, Bin YU2, Yu-ling HUANG3, Hong-lian ZENG1, Peng YU2, Si-han WANG2, Ji-qi YANG2, Ting-ting YE2, Chun-lan MA2, Yun-zhe FAN2, Chang-wei CAI2, Shu-juan YANG2, 1
Affiliations
  • Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610081, China
出版时间: 2024-07-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202402067
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目的

探讨网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观的关联,为中小学生全面性教育工作提供科学参考。

方法

通过多阶段分层整群抽样法,抽取富顺县9所学校的4 051名中小学生,收集中小学生社会人口学特征、网络性骚扰经历、性价值观、心理弹性、社会资本等信息。通过多重线性回归模型分析网络性骚扰经历对中小学生性价值观的影响。用Bootstrap法(重复抽样5 000次)检验心理弹性的中介效应。

结果

调查4 051名中小学生,754名学生(占18.61%)自报遭遇过网络性骚扰经历。回归分析结果发现,网络性骚扰经历和中小学生性暴力与性安全观得分(β=-0.50,P<0.05)、性别权力与社会性别观得分(β=-0.25,P<0.05)均有负向关联,而网络性骚扰经历和中小学生性与生殖健康观得分具有正向关联(β=0.31,P<0.05)。心理弹性在网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观之间起部分中介效应(β=-0.38,P<0.05,中介效应占比46.34%)。

结论

网络性骚扰经历和中小学生性暴力与性安全观、性别权力与社会性别观有负向关联,而网络性骚扰经历和性与生殖健康观有正向关联。通过改善心理弹性可能有助于促进中小学生形成科学规范的性价值观。

网络性骚扰经历  /  性价值观  /  心理弹性  /  社会资本  /  中小学生
Objective

To explore the relationship between online sexual harassment experiences and the sexual values of primary and secondary school students, and to provide scientific reference for comprehensive sex education for primary and secondary school students.

Methods

The study used a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method to select 4 051 primary and secondary school students from 9 schools in Fushun County, collecting information on the social demographics, online sexual harassment experiences, sexual values, psychological resilience, and social capital of primary and secondary school students. The study analyzed the impact of online sexual harassment experiences on the sexual values of primary and secondary school students using a multiple linear regression model. The mediating effect of psychological resilience was tested using the Bootstrap method (repeated sampling 5 000 times).

Results

It showed that out of 4 051 primary and secondary school students surveyed, 754 students (18.61%) reported experiencing online sexual harassment. In the regression model, online sexual harassment experiences were negatively associated with scores on sexual violence and safety perceptions (β=-0.50, P<0.05), gender power and social gender perceptions (β=-0.25, P<0.05), and positively associated with scores on sexual and reproductive health perceptions (β=0.31, P<0.05). Psychological resilience played a partial mediating role (β=-0.38, P<0.05), accounting for 46.34% of the mediating effect between online sexual harassment experiences and the sexual values of primary and secondary school students.

Conclusion

Online sexual harassment experiences are negatively associated with the sexual violence and safety perceptions, gender power and social gender perceptions of primary and secondary school students while being positively associated with the sexual and reproductive health perceptions of primary and secondary school students. Improving psychological resilience may help promote the formation of scientific and normative sexual values among primary and secondary school students.

Online sexual harassment experiences  /  Sexual values  /  Psychological resilience  /  Social capital  /  Primary and secondary school students
杨波, 苏甦, 余彬, 黄玉玲, 曾红莲, 余鹏, 王思邯, 杨济其, 叶婷婷, 马春兰, 范云喆, 蔡长伟, 杨淑娟. 网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观关系研究:心理弹性的中介效应. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (14) : 2562 -2567 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202402067
Bo YANG, Su SU, Bin YU, Yu-ling HUANG, Hong-lian ZENG, Peng YU, Si-han WANG, Ji-qi YANG, Ting-ting YE, Chun-lan MA, Yun-zhe FAN, Chang-wei CAI, Shu-juan YANG. Relationship between online sexual harassment experience and the sexual values of primary and secondary school students, the mediating effects of psychological resilience[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (14) : 2562 -2567 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202402067
性骚扰(sexual harassment,SH)属于性暴力的一种,通常基于个体性欲满足为出发点,施行违背他人意愿、具有性本质内容且损害他人人格尊严的行为[1],已逐渐发展为全球性的公共卫生问题。网络性骚扰是通过互联网的途径进行传播的一种性骚扰的新形式[4],包括图像、音频、视频骚扰,影响受害人的正常学习和工作[5]。既往研究发现网络性骚扰经历可能会对个体性价值观产生影响[6]。性价值观社会总价值观体系中的重要组成部分之一,也是中小学生全面性教育的核心概念之一[7]。国外有关性价值观的研究多着重于人们的性活动、性交行为等直观感受和切身体验,而缺乏对中小学生性价值观的整体梳理。随着研究深入,一些社会心理指标如心理弹性等被认为是逆境和困难的修复因素[8]。网络性骚扰可能会对中小学生传统的性价值观产生冲击,导致中小学生性价值观取向错位[6],然而我国对学生网络性骚扰对其价值观的研究较少。
心理弹性(Resilience)是个体在遭遇逆境和重大压力事件之后,所表现出的良好的、积极的结果[9]。网络性骚扰造成中小学生巨大心理压力,心理弹性能否在网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观之间起到中介作用还未见相关研究报道。社会资本定义为个体通过和他人之间的交往关系而累积的各种资源,前期研究发现较高的社会资本可以改善青少年心理健康[10],然而目前缺乏研究其对心理弹性的影响。因此,本研究探讨网络性骚扰经历与中小学生不同维度性价值观的关联,并进一步探讨心理弹性在网络性骚扰经历与性价值观关联机制中的中介作用,研究结果为中小学生的网络性骚扰问题的预防和干预措施提供一定的科学依据,也为中小学生全面性教育和科学性价值观的树立提供科学参考。
本研究基于多阶段分层整群抽样方法,于2021年中旬,在富顺县城区抽取中学和小学各2所,职业技术高中1所,在农村抽取中学和小学各2所,共计9所学校。抽取的学校,小学四年级至初中三年级,每个年级中采用随机抽样的方法抽取2个班级,将抽得班级的所有学生都作为本次调查的对象。纳入标准:(1)年龄为6~18岁;(2)在本地居住6个月及以上的中小学生;(3)获得知情同意。基于单纯随机抽样的样本量计算公式估计样本量。检验的显着性水平α取0.05,容许误差取15%,中小学生的网络性骚扰经历报告率参照相关文献设为20%[11],计算样本量约为3 000人。研究基于多阶段抽样设计,设计效力定为1.5,所需样本量约3 600人,考虑10%的研究对象可能无应答,扩大样本量为4 000人。共调查4 161名中小学生,排除年龄不符合者76名,性别数据缺失者34名,最终有4 051名中小学生纳入本研究。研究得到四川大学华西公共卫生学院伦理委员会的批准(Gwll2021059)。
本研究中性骚扰问题采用项目组自行设计的问卷[12],由调查者询问调查对象“是否有他人在网上违背你的意愿给你发送过色情信息(包括图片、文字、视频等)?”,调查对象自报“是”被认为有网络性骚扰经历。
参考2018修订版《国际性教育技术指导纲要》[7]和《青春期性心理健康量表》[13]自行设计量表,经专家组讨论确定内容。性价值观共6个条目,涉及3个维度,包括:维度1,性暴力与性安全观;维度2,性别权力与社会性别观;维度3,性与生殖健康观。所有条目答案选项包括:完全不同意、不同意、中立/不清楚、比较同意、完全同意,答案均采用Likert5级计分法依次分配1到5分,6条目得分相加为量表总分(0~30分),得分越高,表示中小学生的性价值观越科学、越规范。经信度检验该量表总的Cronbach α系数是0.86。
心理弹性的衡量采用10条目简易心理弹性量表(10- item Connor- Davidson resilience scale, CD- RISC- 10),该量表由Campbell-Shills等[14]对25条项目的CD- RISC简化而成,中文版由张丹梅等[15]修订。全量表共10个条目,采用Likert 5级计分法,量表总分为各条目得分直接相加(0~50分),总分越高代表中小学生的心理弹性越强。经信度检验该量表总的Cronbach α系数为0.76,表明结果具有较好的信度。
考虑到学生的社会人口学特征也会对性价值观产生影响[16],根据前期文献研究,本研究纳入如下协变量:(1)学生的人口统计学特征,包括出生年月、教育程度、性别、民族、是否独生子女、父母文化程度;(2)居住成长特征,包括陪伴长大的人、每个月生活费、学习成绩在年级中所处位置、最近一年主要居住方式等。
分类变量用频数、率与构成比(n,%)描述,卡方检验进行组间比较;连续变量采用均数和标准差()描述,t检验或方差分析组间比较。采用Spearman和Pearson相关性分析探讨变量之间的相关度,用相关系数(r)表示。通过多重线性回归模型分析网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观的关联, 并采用Bootstrap法(重复抽样5 000次)检验心理弹性在其中的中介效应。在中介模型的基础上,将社会资本作为调节变量引入到多重线性回归方程中,考察网络性骚扰经历与性价值观关联的直接路径和中介路径是否受到社会资本的调节。研究分析采用SPSS 21.0软件完成,统计检验水准α=0.05。
调查的4 051名中小学生年龄6~18岁,平均年龄为(15.45 ± 2.49)岁,其中以≥15岁的学生为主,占67.44%(2 732名);有男生1 856名,女生2 195名。754名(18.61%)中小学生报告遭遇过网络性骚扰经历,在不同年龄、教育程度、性别存在差异。具体见表1
中小学生对于性安全观、性别权力与社会性别观有较正确科学的认知状态;但对于性暴力观、性与生殖健康观的科学认知较欠缺。具体见表2
多重线性回归方程分析发现,在控制人口学特征等单因素有意义的混杂因素后,网络性骚扰经历和整体性价值观得分(β=-0.44,P<0.05)、性暴力与性安全观(β=-0.50,P<0.05)、性别权力与社会性别观(β=-0.25,P<0.05)有负向关联,和性与生殖健康观得分有正向关联(β=0.31,P<0.05),具体见表3
采用Spearman和Pearson相关性分析考察网络性骚扰经历、性价值观、心理弹性、社会资本之间相关关系。分析结果显示,网络性骚扰经历和心理弹性、性暴力与性安全观、性别权力与社会性别观、同辈社会资本、家庭社会资本、学校社会资本得分均存在负相关关系(P<0.05),而网络性骚扰经历和性与生殖健康观得分存在正相关关系(P<0.05);心理弹性得分和性价值观3个维度、社会资本3个维度得分均存在正相关关系(P<0.05);性价值观3个维度得分均和社会资本3个维度得分存在正相关关系(P<0.05),除性别权力与社会性别观得分和同辈社会资本得分不相关。见表4
Booststrap中介检验结果显示,网络性骚扰经历对整体性价值观、性暴力与性安全观、性别权力与社会性别观和性与生殖健康观,中介效应占总效应的比例分别为46.34%、21.88%、34.21%和60%。见表5
本研究结果显示有网络性骚扰经历的高年级小学生达6.33%,与既往研究发现结果较接近[17-18]。另外有网络性骚扰经历的高中生高达22.14%,高于Taylor等研究发现的16.80% [12]
回归分析显示网络性骚扰经历和中小学生整体性价值观有负向关联。已经有研究表明网络性骚扰经历和中小学生的心理健康具有负面关联[19]。从应激理论的观点看,负性生活事件是一种会影响个体心理健康的心理社会应激源[20],对于存在网络性骚扰经历的中小学生,该负性事件会影响到学生的性心理并促使其性价值观向消极方面发展。性与生殖健康问题不仅仅是青年学生的躯体和行为健康,还关系其心理健康[21],网络性骚扰经历和中小学生性与生殖健康观有正向关联。有研究表明,互联网能提升中小学生性与生殖健康的知识水平,并促使他们对待性相关问题的态度向更积极的方面转变,使其面对性与生殖健康问题时更加理性[22]。然而,网络中可能充斥着较多不良信息,学生需要从正规的渠道获取性与生殖健康相关知识。
根据Kumpfer提出的心理弹性三因素交互模型,心理弹性会在个体、环境和适应结果三方面之间起中介作用[23]。本研究中介分析结果表明心理弹性在网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观之间起到部分中介的作用,网络性骚扰经历和心理弹性有负向关联,心理弹性和性价值观有正向关联。本文研究的网络性骚扰经历对尚未性成熟的中小学生是一种负性生活事件经历,既往研究分析,心理弹性会在负性生活事件经历与学生的心理健康之间起到中介作用[11],而心理弹性能够正向影响学生的心理健康[24]。另外,心理弹性可能会在减少负面事件的连锁影响等方面起到保护作用[25]。我们的研究发现网络性骚扰经历与中小学生心理弹性有负向关联,这与以往的研究结果类似。同时研究结果表明心理弹性与中小学生的性价值观有正向关联,学生的心理弹性越高其性价值观就越科学越规范,表明心理弹性可能在减少网络性骚扰经历对中小学生性价值观的负面连锁反应中起到了保护作用。
本研究也存在如下局限性。第一,横断面的研究限制了我们推断暴露变量和结局变量之间的时序性的能力,无法建立因果关系。第二,本研究仅在9所中小学校开展,结果的外推上需谨慎。第三,中小学生性价值观可能还与其低年龄阶段或其他生活环境中所接受到的性教育有关。第四,对于网络性骚扰经历的定义采用学生自我报告的情况,可能会受到回忆和社会期待的偏倚影响。
综上,网络性骚扰经历在中小学生中较严重,且可能影响其性价值观。心理弹性在网络性骚扰经历与中小学生性价值观之间起到部分中介的作用。应采取有针对性的措施预防中小学生网络性骚扰,强化其心理弹性,促进其形成科学规范的性价值观。
  • “四川大学‘从0到1’创新研究项目(2023CX21)
  • 国家自然科学基金(42271433)
  • 四川省重点研发项目(2023YFS0251)
  • 四川性社会学与性教育研究中心资助项目(SXJYB2135)
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2024年第51卷第14期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202402067
  • 接收时间:2024-02-06
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-07-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-02-06
基金
“四川大学‘从0到1’创新研究项目(2023CX21)
国家自然科学基金(42271433)
四川省重点研发项目(2023YFS0251)
四川性社会学与性教育研究中心资助项目(SXJYB2135)
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    1.成都大学附属医院,四川 成都 610081
    2.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院
    3.成都市东部新区文化旅游体育局

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