Article(id=1241067200312832892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241067197318091153, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202409106, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725811200000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773823078467, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1741536000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773823078467, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773823078467, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773823078467, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241067197318091153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='5', pageStart='769', pageEnd='960', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773823077754, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773823268053, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241067995544482681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241067197318091153, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241067995544482682, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241067197318091153, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=859, endPage=863, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241067202997187461, articleId=1241067200312832892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Research on the health poverty vulnerability of the elderly in rural areas of Sichuan Province in the post-poverty-alleviation era and its influencing factors, columnId=1228016572892119056, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Primary Health Services, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To understand the health poverty vulnerability of the elderly in rural areas of Sichuan Province in the post-poverty-alleviation era and analyze its main influencing factors.
Methods From July to August 2022, a multi-stage sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 601 rural elderly people in Sichuan. The three-stage generalized least-squares method was used to calculate the health poverty vulnerability index of rural elderly people in Sichuan, and the influencing factors of health poverty vulnerability were explored through multivariate logistic regression.
Results Among the 601 people, 35 were in a state of health poverty vulnerability (health poverty vulnerability index ≥ 0.29),and the health poverty vulnerability rate was 5.82%. There were statistically significant differences in the health poverty vulnerability rates among the elderly with different genders (OR=3.69, 95%CI: 1.28-10.61), educational levels (OR=0.14,95%CI: 0.05-0.35), proportions of out-of-pocket medical expenses to income (OR=49.10, 95%CI: 15.99-150.91), and living types (taking living alone as the reference, living only with a spouse: OR=0.09, 95%CI: 0.03-0.29; living with children: OR=0.15, 95%CI: 0.05-0.44) (P < 0.05).
Conclusion The overall health poverty vulnerability of rural elderly people in Sichuan Province in the post-poverty-alleviation era is at a relatively low level. Rural elderly women, those with low educational levels, those with a large proportion of out-of-pocket medical expenses to income, and those living alone are at a higher risk of falling into health poverty in the future and need to be given key attention.
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目的 了解后扶贫时代四川农村地区老年人的健康贫困脆弱性,并分析其主要影响因素。
方法 2022年7—8月采用多阶段抽样方法对601名四川农村老年人进行问卷调查。运用三阶段广义最小二乘法计算四川农村老年人的健康贫困脆弱性指数,并通过多因素logistic回归探讨健康贫困脆弱性的影响因素。
结果 601人中,35人处于健康贫困脆弱状态(健康贫困脆弱性指数≥0.29),健康贫困脆弱率为5.82%。不同性别(OR=3.69,95%CI:1.28~10.61)、文化水平(OR=0.14,95%CI:0.05~0.35)、自付医疗费用占收入比例(OR=49.10,95%CI:15.99~150.91)、居住类型(以独居为参照,仅与配偶居住:OR=0.09,95%CI:0.03~0.29;与子女居住:OR=0.15,95%CI:0.05~0.44)的老年人之间的健康贫困脆弱率存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。
结论 后扶贫时代四川农村老年人的健康贫困脆弱性整体处于较低水平,女性、文化水平低、自付医疗费用占收入比重大、独居的农村老年人,未来陷入健康贫困的风险较高,需重点关注。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=FR13MrWNCXrSRKm18WdA7Q==, magXml=ju7epUUoPq/OnezOHsosZw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=LDvQg5t/JMqNVRka5t/0MA==, pdfFileSize=610078, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=YAkvD5avaZLOWlGpwBClKQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
高晓凤(1974—),博士,教授,研究方向:多元统计方法在医学中的应用
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1.川北医学院公共卫生学院,四川 南充 637007)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241067204192564130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241067200312832892, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241067204205147043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241067200312832892, companyId=1241067204192564130, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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Indicators and assignment for measuring vulnerability to health poverty
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 维度 | 指标 | 赋值 |
|---|
| 个人特征 | 家庭人均年收入 | 取对数 |
| 性别 | 男=0,女=1 |
| 年龄(岁) | 具体值 |
| 民族 | 汉族=0,少数民族=1 |
| 文化水平 | 文盲=0,小学=1,初中及以上=2 |
| 婚姻状况 | 非在婚=0,在婚=1 |
| 居住类型 | 独自居住=0,仅夫妻同住=1,与子女同住=2 |
| 子女数(个) | 0=0,1=1,2=2,≥3=3 |
| 子女孝顺 | 都孝顺=0,有的孝顺=1,都不孝顺或无子女=2 |
| 健康状况 | 患慢性病种数(种) | 具体值 |
| 身体残疾 | 无=0,有=1 |
| 自评健康 | 好=0,一般=1,差=2 |
| 身体功能 | 受限多=0,受限少=1,正常=2 |
| 近一年住院 | 是=0,否=1 |
| 近一年劳动强度 | 小=0,一般=1,大=2 |
| 健康经济负担 | 自付医疗费用占收入比例 | 具体值 |
| 经济来源 | 全靠自己/伴侣=0,部分靠子女=1,全靠子女=2,其他(政府/社区)=3 |
| 健康风险应对能力 | 医疗保险类型 | 未参保=0,新型农村合作医疗=1,城镇居民/职工医保=2 |
| 社会支持 | 具体值 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241067207980019800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241067200312832892, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
测度健康贫困脆弱性的各指标及赋值
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 维度 | 指标 | 赋值 |
|---|
| 个人特征 | 家庭人均年收入 | 取对数 |
| 性别 | 男=0,女=1 |
| 年龄(岁) | 具体值 |
| 民族 | 汉族=0,少数民族=1 |
| 文化水平 | 文盲=0,小学=1,初中及以上=2 |
| 婚姻状况 | 非在婚=0,在婚=1 |
| 居住类型 | 独自居住=0,仅夫妻同住=1,与子女同住=2 |
| 子女数(个) | 0=0,1=1,2=2,≥3=3 |
| 子女孝顺 | 都孝顺=0,有的孝顺=1,都不孝顺或无子女=2 |
| 健康状况 | 患慢性病种数(种) | 具体值 |
| 身体残疾 | 无=0,有=1 |
| 自评健康 | 好=0,一般=1,差=2 |
| 身体功能 | 受限多=0,受限少=1,正常=2 |
| 近一年住院 | 是=0,否=1 |
| 近一年劳动强度 | 小=0,一般=1,大=2 |
| 健康经济负担 | 自付医疗费用占收入比例 | 具体值 |
| 经济来源 | 全靠自己/伴侣=0,部分靠子女=1,全靠子女=2,其他(政府/社区)=3 |
| 健康风险应对能力 | 医疗保险类型 | 未参保=0,新型农村合作医疗=1,城镇居民/职工医保=2 |
| 社会支持 | 具体值 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241067208084877407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241067200312832892, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Basic information and health poverty vulnerability rate of 601 elderly people in rural areas
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征 | 农村老年人 | 健康贫困脆弱性 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 人数 | 构成比(%) | 脆弱人数 | 脆弱率(%) |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | | 5.543 | 0.019 |
| 男 | 270 | 44.92 | 9 | 3.33 | | |
| 女 | 331 | 55.08 | 26 | 7.85 | | |
| 年龄(岁) | | | | | 12.174 | 0.002 |
| 60~<70 | 263 | 43.76 | 8 | 3.00 | | |
| 70~<80 | 234 | 38.93 | 14 | 5.98 | | |
| ≥80 | 104 | 17.30 | 13 | 12.50 | | |
| 民族 | | | | | — | 1.000 |
| 汉族 | 593 | 98.67 | 35 | 5.90 | | |
| 少数民族 | 8 | 1.33 | 0 | 0.00 | | |
| 文化水平 | | | | | 22.556 | <0.001 |
| 文盲 | 211 | 35.11 | 25 | 11.85 | | |
| 小学 | 221 | 36.77 | 8 | 3.62 | | |
| 初中及以上 | 169 | 28.12 | 2 | 1.18 | | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | | 8.963 | 0.003 |
| 非在婚 | 175 | 29.12 | 18 | 10.29 | | |
| 在婚 | 426 | 70.88 | 17 | 3.99 | | |
| 医疗保险类型 | | | | | 0.672 | 0.686 |
| 未参保 | 12 | 1.99 | 1 | 8.33 | | |
| 新型农村合作医疗 | 489 | 81.36 | 28 | 5.73 | | |
| 城镇居民/职工医保 | 100 | 16.64 | 6 | 6.00 | | |
| 居住类型 | | | | | 19.405 | <0.001 |
| 独自居住 | 68 | 11.31 | 11 | 16.18 | | |
| 仅夫妻同住 | 343 | 57.07 | 10 | 2.92 | | |
| 与子女同住 | 190 | 31.61 | 14 | 7.37 | | |
| 子女数(个) | | | | | 7.712 | 0.045 |
| 0 | 15 | 2.50 | 3 | 20.00 | | |
| 1 | 114 | 19.00 | 6 | 5.26 | | |
| 2 | 225 | 37.44 | 8 | 3.56 | | |
| ≥3 | 247 | 41.10 | 18 | 7.29 | | |
| 子女孝顺 | | | | | 7.402 | 0.022 |
| 都孝顺 | 523 | 87.02 | 29 | 5.54 | | |
| 有的孝顺 | 61 | 10.15 | 2 | 3.28 | | |
| 都不孝顺或无子女 | 17 | 2.83 | 4 | 23.53 | | |
| 经济来源 | | | | | 13.167 | 0.003 |
| 全靠自己/伴侣 | 216 | 35.94 | 22 | 10.19 | | |
| 部分靠子女 | 246 | 40.93 | 10 | 4.07 | | |
| 全靠子女 | 12 | 2.00 | 1 | 8.33 | | |
| 其他(政府或社区) | 127 | 21.13 | 2 | 1.57 | | |
| 身体残疾 | | | | | 3.020 | 0.082 |
| 无 | 553 | 92.01 | 29 | 5.24 | | |
| 有 | 48 | 7.99 | 6 | 12.50 | | |
| 患慢性病种数(种) | | | | | 7.508 | 0.057 |
| 0 | 173 | 28.79 | 11 | 6.36 | | |
| 1 | 182 | 30.28 | 14 | 7.69 | | |
| 2 | 147 | 24.46 | 2 | 1.36 | | |
| ≥3 | 99 | 16.47 | 8 | 8.08 | | |
| 自评健康 | | | | | 5.590 | 0.061 |
| 好 | 355 | 59.07 | 21 | 5.92 | | |
| 一般 | 200 | 33.28 | 8 | 4.00 | | |
| 差 | 46 | 7.65 | 6 | 13.04 | | |
| 身体功能 | | | | | 19.636 | <0.001 |
| 受限多 | 98 | 16.31 | 13 | 13.27 | | |
| 受限少 | 340 | 56.57 | 8 | 2.35 | | |
| 正常 | 163 | 27.12 | 14 | 8.59 | | |
| 近一年住院 | | | | | 4.427 | 0.035 |
| 是 | 165 | 27.45 | 15 | 9.09 | | |
| 否 | 436 | 72.55 | 20 | 4.59 | | |
| 近一年劳动强度 | | | | | 9.189 | 0.010 |
| 小 | 226 | 37.60 | 21 | 9.29 | | |
| 一般 | 336 | 55.91 | 11 | 3.27 | | |
| 大 | 39 | 6.49 | 3 | 7.69 | | |
| 合计 | 601 | 100.00 | 35 | 5.82 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241067208219095150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241067200312832892, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
601名农村地区老年人的基本情况及健康贫困脆弱率
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征 | 农村老年人 | 健康贫困脆弱性 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 人数 | 构成比(%) | 脆弱人数 | 脆弱率(%) |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | | 5.543 | 0.019 |
| 男 | 270 | 44.92 | 9 | 3.33 | | |
| 女 | 331 | 55.08 | 26 | 7.85 | | |
| 年龄(岁) | | | | | 12.174 | 0.002 |
| 60~<70 | 263 | 43.76 | 8 | 3.00 | | |
| 70~<80 | 234 | 38.93 | 14 | 5.98 | | |
| ≥80 | 104 | 17.30 | 13 | 12.50 | | |
| 民族 | | | | | — | 1.000 |
| 汉族 | 593 | 98.67 | 35 | 5.90 | | |
| 少数民族 | 8 | 1.33 | 0 | 0.00 | | |
| 文化水平 | | | | | 22.556 | <0.001 |
| 文盲 | 211 | 35.11 | 25 | 11.85 | | |
| 小学 | 221 | 36.77 | 8 | 3.62 | | |
| 初中及以上 | 169 | 28.12 | 2 | 1.18 | | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | | 8.963 | 0.003 |
| 非在婚 | 175 | 29.12 | 18 | 10.29 | | |
| 在婚 | 426 | 70.88 | 17 | 3.99 | | |
| 医疗保险类型 | | | | | 0.672 | 0.686 |
| 未参保 | 12 | 1.99 | 1 | 8.33 | | |
| 新型农村合作医疗 | 489 | 81.36 | 28 | 5.73 | | |
| 城镇居民/职工医保 | 100 | 16.64 | 6 | 6.00 | | |
| 居住类型 | | | | | 19.405 | <0.001 |
| 独自居住 | 68 | 11.31 | 11 | 16.18 | | |
| 仅夫妻同住 | 343 | 57.07 | 10 | 2.92 | | |
| 与子女同住 | 190 | 31.61 | 14 | 7.37 | | |
| 子女数(个) | | | | | 7.712 | 0.045 |
| 0 | 15 | 2.50 | 3 | 20.00 | | |
| 1 | 114 | 19.00 | 6 | 5.26 | | |
| 2 | 225 | 37.44 | 8 | 3.56 | | |
| ≥3 | 247 | 41.10 | 18 | 7.29 | | |
| 子女孝顺 | | | | | 7.402 | 0.022 |
| 都孝顺 | 523 | 87.02 | 29 | 5.54 | | |
| 有的孝顺 | 61 | 10.15 | 2 | 3.28 | | |
| 都不孝顺或无子女 | 17 | 2.83 | 4 | 23.53 | | |
| 经济来源 | | | | | 13.167 | 0.003 |
| 全靠自己/伴侣 | 216 | 35.94 | 22 | 10.19 | | |
| 部分靠子女 | 246 | 40.93 | 10 | 4.07 | | |
| 全靠子女 | 12 | 2.00 | 1 | 8.33 | | |
| 其他(政府或社区) | 127 | 21.13 | 2 | 1.57 | | |
| 身体残疾 | | | | | 3.020 | 0.082 |
| 无 | 553 | 92.01 | 29 | 5.24 | | |
| 有 | 48 | 7.99 | 6 | 12.50 | | |
| 患慢性病种数(种) | | | | | 7.508 | 0.057 |
| 0 | 173 | 28.79 | 11 | 6.36 | | |
| 1 | 182 | 30.28 | 14 | 7.69 | | |
| 2 | 147 | 24.46 | 2 | 1.36 | | |
| ≥3 | 99 | 16.47 | 8 | 8.08 | | |
| 自评健康 | | | | | 5.590 | 0.061 |
| 好 | 355 | 59.07 | 21 | 5.92 | | |
| 一般 | 200 | 33.28 | 8 | 4.00 | | |
| 差 | 46 | 7.65 | 6 | 13.04 | | |
| 身体功能 | | | | | 19.636 | <0.001 |
| 受限多 | 98 | 16.31 | 13 | 13.27 | | |
| 受限少 | 340 | 56.57 | 8 | 2.35 | | |
| 正常 | 163 | 27.12 | 14 | 8.59 | | |
| 近一年住院 | | | | | 4.427 | 0.035 |
| 是 | 165 | 27.45 | 15 | 9.09 | | |
| 否 | 436 | 72.55 | 20 | 4.59 | | |
| 近一年劳动强度 | | | | | 9.189 | 0.010 |
| 小 | 226 | 37.60 | 21 | 9.29 | | |
| 一般 | 336 | 55.91 | 11 | 3.27 | | |
| 大 | 39 | 6.49 | 3 | 7.69 | | |
| 合计 | 601 | 100.00 | 35 | 5.82 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241067208365895805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241067200312832892, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Health poverty vulnerability of 601 elderly people in rural areas
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 健康贫困脆弱程度(健康贫困脆弱性指数区间) | 例数(%) | 健康贫困脆弱性指数 ( ) |
|---|
| 不脆弱(< 0.29) | 566(94.18) | 0.07±0.07 |
| 低度脆弱(0.29~0. 49) | 23(3.83) | 0.36±0.06 |
| 中度脆弱(<0.49~0.79) | 10(1.66) | 0.59±0.08 |
| 高度脆弱(>0.79) | 2(0.33) | 0.84±0.06 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241067208491724940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241067200312832892, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
601名农村地区老年人的健康贫困脆弱程度
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 健康贫困脆弱程度(健康贫困脆弱性指数区间) | 例数(%) | 健康贫困脆弱性指数 ( ) |
|---|
| 不脆弱(< 0.29) | 566(94.18) | 0.07±0.07 |
| 低度脆弱(0.29~0. 49) | 23(3.83) | 0.36±0.06 |
| 中度脆弱(<0.49~0.79) | 10(1.66) | 0.59±0.08 |
| 高度脆弱(>0.79) | 2(0.33) | 0.84±0.06 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241067208701440154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241067200312832892, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis of influencing factors of health poverty vulnerability
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | B值 |  | Wald χ2 | P值 | OR(95%CI) |
|---|
| 性别(参照:男) | 1.30 | 0.54 | 5.847 | 0.016 | 3.69(1.28~10.61) |
| 文化水平 | -2.00 | 0.49 | 16.920 | <0.001 | 0.14(0.05~0.35) |
| 自付医疗费用占收入比例 | 3.89 | 0.57 | 46.204 | <0.001 | 49.10(15.98~150.91) |
| 居住类型(参照:独自居住) | | | | | |
| 仅夫妻同住 | -2.37 | 0.58 | 16.720 | <0.001 | 0.09(0.03~0.29) |
| 与子女同住 | -1.89 | 0.55 | 11.924 | 0.001 | 0.15(0.05~0.44) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241067208860823720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241067200312832892, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
健康贫困脆弱性影响因素的多因素logistic回归结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 因素 | B值 |  | Wald χ2 | P值 | OR(95%CI) |
|---|
| 性别(参照:男) | 1.30 | 0.54 | 5.847 | 0.016 | 3.69(1.28~10.61) |
| 文化水平 | -2.00 | 0.49 | 16.920 | <0.001 | 0.14(0.05~0.35) |
| 自付医疗费用占收入比例 | 3.89 | 0.57 | 46.204 | <0.001 | 49.10(15.98~150.91) |
| 居住类型(参照:独自居住) | | | | | |
| 仅夫妻同住 | -2.37 | 0.58 | 16.720 | <0.001 | 0.09(0.03~0.29) |
| 与子女同住 | -1.89 | 0.55 | 11.924 | 0.001 | 0.15(0.05~0.44) |
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