首页 期刊 论文 学科刊群 资讯 加盟 关于
EN
image
Article(id=1241065991564743156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1730649600000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-04, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773822790280, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773822790280, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773822790280, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822790280, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241065978004557893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='4', pageStart='577', pageEnd='768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773822787047, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773823194927, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241067688831808347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241067688831808348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=577, endPage=582, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241065991950619151, articleId=1241065991564743156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Mendelian randomization study reveals causal relationships between serum liver enzymes and cardiovascular diseases in the east Asian population, columnId=1228016567443718970, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods Advances, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the causal relationship between serum liver enzymes and cardiovascular diseases in the East Asian population through Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

Methods

A two-sample Mendelian randomization study was conducted using the hitherto largest genome-wide association study summary datasets in the East Asian population. The inverse-variance weighted method (IVW) and MR PRESSO were used as primary univariable MR analyses, whereas the weighted median method, MR Egger, removing palindromic and pleiotropic instrumental variables were used as sensitivity analyses. Multivariable MR analyses used the multivariable IVW method to evaluate the independent causal effects of multiple serum liver enzymes on coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke.

Results

Genetically predicted serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were causally associated with CAD (ALT→CAD: OR=0.546, 95% CI: 0.403-0.739; GGT→CAD: OR=0.618, 95% CI: 0.555-0.689). Additionally, GGT directly affected CAD independent of ALT (OR=0.662, 95% CI: 0.586-0.747). Genetically predicted serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and GGT had direct causal effects on stroke that were independent of each other (AST→stroke: OR=1.137, 95% CI: 1.054-1.226; GGT→stroke: OR=1.166, 95% CI: 1.110-1.225).

Conclusion

Serum liver enzymes have causal effects on cardiovascular diseases in the East Asian population.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ling-li QIU, Wen-qiang ZHANG, Zhi-xin TAN, Xuan WU, Yun-jie LIU, Xia JIANG, Ben ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241065993246659167, articleId=1241065991564743156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=东亚人群血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病因果关联的孟德尔随机化研究, columnId=1228016567632462653, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=流行病与统计方法, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

采用孟德尔随机化（Mendelian randomization，MR）分析方法研究东亚人群的血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病的因果关联。

方法

利用迄今最大的东亚人群的全基因组关联研究汇总数据开展两样本孟德尔随机化研究。单变量MR分析以逆方差加权法（inverse-variance weighted method，IVW）和MR PRESSO为主，并以加权中位数法、MR Egger、排除回文结构及多效性工具变量等方法作为敏感性分析；多变量MR分析采用多变量IVW法以评价多个血清肝酶对冠心病和脑卒中的独立影响。

结果

遗传预测的血清ALT、GGT与冠心病存在因果关联（ALT→冠心病：OR=0.546，95% CI：0.403~0.739；GGT→冠心病：OR=0.618，95% CI：0.555~0.689），并且GGT对冠心病存在独立于ALT的直接因果效应（OR=0.662，95% CI：0.586~0.747）；遗传预测的血清AST和GGT对脑卒中存在独立于彼此的直接因果效应（AST→脑卒中：OR=1.137，95% CI：1.054~1.226；GGT→脑卒中：OR=1.166，95% CI：1.110~1.225）。

结论

东亚人群的血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病存在因果关联。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张本，E-mail：
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点，除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=qXq6kUsFPWvoXwDhnvRhTQ==, magXml=/QIUwPYXUN15BUwknZIieQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=BUYc5OYsgvK7e988qXs92Q==, pdfFileSize=1438940, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=KvAfDACDGQbJFXThyrZiMQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=UJxyy3O25/oA3dDkMd27yw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

邱伶俐（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：流行病与卫生统计学

, authorsList=邱伶俐, 章文强, 谭芷馨, 武璇, 刘运杰, 姜侠, 张本)}, authors=[Author(id=1241065995197010577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065995289285273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065995197010577, language=EN, stringName=Ling-li QIU, firstName=Ling-li, middleName=null, lastName=QIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065995436085923, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065995197010577, language=CN, stringName=邱伶俐, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041, bio={"content":"

邱伶俐（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：流行病与卫生统计学

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

邱伶俐（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：流行病与卫生统计学

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065993552843383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993561231992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993569620601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1241065995561915054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065995704521404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065995561915054, language=EN, stringName=Wen-qiang ZHANG, firstName=Wen-qiang, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065995842933446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065995561915054, language=CN, stringName=章文强, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065993552843383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993561231992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993569620601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1241065995943596755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065996082008802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065995943596755, language=EN, stringName=Zhi-xin TAN, firstName=Zhi-xin, middleName=null, lastName=TAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065996237198066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065995943596755, language=CN, stringName=谭芷馨, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065993552843383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993561231992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993569620601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1241065996342055676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065996480467717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065996342055676, language=EN, stringName=Xuan WU, firstName=Xuan, middleName=null, lastName=WU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065996593713934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065996342055676, language=CN, stringName=武璇, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065993552843383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993561231992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993569620601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1241065996769874712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065996904092448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065996769874712, language=EN, stringName=Yun-jie LIU, firstName=Yun-jie, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065997025727271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065996769874712, language=CN, stringName=刘运杰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065993552843383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993561231992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993569620601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1241065997168333619, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065997306745661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065997168333619, language=EN, stringName=Xia JIANG, firstName=Xia, middleName=null, lastName=JIANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065997516460870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065997168333619, language=CN, stringName=姜侠, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065993552843383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993561231992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993569620601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)])]), Author(id=1241065997629707087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=wcsphwcfh@vip.163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065997763924823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065997629707087, language=EN, stringName=Ben ZHANG, firstName=Ben, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065997898142559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, authorId=1241065997629707087, language=CN, stringName=张本, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041
2.海南省人民医院/海南医科大学附属海南医院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065993552843383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993561231992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993569620601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241065995071181445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065995100541576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065995071181445, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.海南省人民医院/海南医科大学附属海南医院)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241065998040748906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Serum liver enzymes), Keyword(id=1241065999538115438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Cardiovasculardiseases), Keyword(id=1241065999668138870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Causality), Keyword(id=1241065999760413563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Mendelian randomization), Keyword(id=1241065999840105347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=East Asian population), Keyword(id=1241065999940768649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=血清肝酶), Keyword(id=1241066000041431952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=心血管疾病), Keyword(id=1241066000175649689, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=因果关联), Keyword(id=1241066000267924384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=孟德尔随机化), Keyword(id=1241066000360199081, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=东亚人)], refs=[Reference(id=1241066002033725455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=396, issue=10258, pageStart=1204, pageEnd=1222, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators, journalName=The Lancet, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019[J]. The Lancet, 2020, 396(10258): 1204-1222., articleTitle=Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066002146971669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=76, issue=25, pageStart=2982, pageEnd=3021, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, journalName=Journal of the American College of Cardiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: update from the GBD 2019 study[J]. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2020, 76(25): 2982-3021., articleTitle=Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: update from the GBD 2019 study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066002281189405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Chong B, Jayabaskaran J, Jauhari SM, journalName=European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chong B, Jayabaskaran J, Jauhari SM, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: projections from 2025 to 2050[J]. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2024: zwae281., articleTitle=Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: projections from 2025 to 2050, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066002381852703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=140, issue=11, pageStart=e596, pageEnd=e646, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, journalName=Circulation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines[J]. Circulation, 2019, 140(11): e596-e646., articleTitle=2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066002457350181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=42, issue=34, pageStart=3227, pageEnd=3337, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM, journalName=European Heart Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM, et al. 2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice[J]. European Heart Journal, 2021, 42(34): 3227-3337., articleTitle=2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066002578985001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=112, issue=1, pageStart=18, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Kwo PY, Cohen SM, Lim JK, journalName=American Journal of Gastroenterology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kwo PY, Cohen SM, Lim JK. ACG clinical guideline: evaluation of abnormal liver chemistries[J]. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2017, 112(1): 18-35., articleTitle=ACG clinical guideline: evaluation of abnormal liver chemistries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066004067962925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=112, issue=14, pageStart=2078, pageEnd=2080, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Emdin M, Pompella A, Paolicchi A, journalName=Circulation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Emdin M, Pompella A, Paolicchi A. Gamma-glutamyltransferase, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease: triggering oxidative stress within the plaque[J]. Circulation, 2005, 112(14): 2078-2080., articleTitle=Gamma-glutamyltransferase, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease: triggering oxidative stress within the plaque, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066004185403444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=13, issue=7, pageStart=429, pageEnd=442, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Haarhaus M, Brandenburg V, Kalantar-Zadeh K, journalName=Nature Reviews Nephrology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Haarhaus M, Brandenburg V, Kalantar-Zadeh K, et al. Alkaline phosphatase: a novel treatment target for cardiovascular disease in CKD[J]. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 2017, 13(7): 429-442., articleTitle=Alkaline phosphatase: a novel treatment target for cardiovascular disease in CKD, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066004369952827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=205, issue=2, pageStart=533, pageEnd=537, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Yun KE, Shin CY, Yoon YS, journalName=Atherosclerosis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yun KE, Shin CY, Yoon YS, et al. Elevated alanine aminotransferase levels predict mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes in Koreans[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2009, 205(2): 533-537., articleTitle=Elevated alanine aminotransferase levels predict mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes in Koreans, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066004504170560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=191, issue=2, pageStart=391, pageEnd=396, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Schindhelm RK, Dekker JM, Nijpels G, journalName=Atherosclerosis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Schindhelm RK, Dekker JM, Nijpels G, et al. Alanine aminotransferase predicts coronary heart disease events: a 10-year follow-up of the Hoorn Study[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2007, 191(2): 391-396., articleTitle=Alanine aminotransferase predicts coronary heart disease events: a 10-year follow-up of the Hoorn Study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066004646776902, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=22, issue=11, pageStart=789, pageEnd=798, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Schooling CM, Kelvin EA, Jones HE, journalName=Annals of Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Schooling CM, Kelvin EA, Jones HE. Alanine transaminase has opposite associations with death from diabetes and ischemic heart disease in NHANES III[J]. Annals of Epidemiology, 2012, 22(11): 789-798., articleTitle=Alanine transaminase has opposite associations with death from diabetes and ischemic heart disease in NHANES III, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066004760023116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=40, issue=6, pageStart=1530, pageEnd=1538, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Ford I, Mooijaart SP, Lloyd S, journalName=International Journal of Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ford I, Mooijaart SP, Lloyd S, et al. The inverse relationship between alanine aminotransferase in the normal range and adverse cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular outcomes[J]. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2011, 40(6): 1530-1538., articleTitle=The inverse relationship between alanine aminotransferase in the normal range and adverse cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular outcomes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066004860686418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=104, issue=7, pageStart=1715, pageEnd=1722, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Olynyk JK, Knuiman MW, Divitini ML, journalName=American Journal of Gastroenterology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Olynyk JK, Knuiman MW, Divitini ML, et al. Serum alanine aminotransferase, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease in an Australian population[J]. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2009, 104(7): 1715-1722., articleTitle=Serum alanine aminotransferase, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease in an Australian population, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066004952961112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=136, issue=2, pageStart=477, pageEnd=485.e11, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Ruhl CE, Everhart JE, journalName=Gastroenterology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ruhl CE, Everhart JE. Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase and mortality in the United States population[J]. Gastroenterology, 2009, 136(2): 477-485.e11., articleTitle=Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase and mortality in the United States population, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066005066207323, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=236, issue=1, pageStart=7, pageEnd=17, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Kunutsor SK, Apekey TA, Khan H, journalName=Atherosclerosis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kunutsor SK, Apekey TA, Khan H. Liver enzymes and risk of cardiovascular disease in the general population: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2014, 236(1): 7-17., articleTitle=Liver enzymes and risk of cardiovascular disease in the general population: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066005171064930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=9, issue=7, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Li JW, Xu C, Fan Y, journalName=PLOS One, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li JW, Xu C, Fan Y, et al. Can serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and phosphate predict cardiovascular diseases and total mortality in individuals with preserved renal function? A systemic review and meta-analysis[J]. PLOS One, 2014, 9(7): e102276., articleTitle=Can serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and phosphate predict cardiovascular diseases and total mortality in individuals with preserved renal function? A systemic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066005271728232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=31, issue=12, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Li C, Gu L, Shi FY, journalName=European Journal of Neurology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li C, Gu L, Shi FY, et al. Serum liver enzymes and risk of stroke: Systematic review with meta-analyses and Mendelian randomization studies[J]. European Journal of Neurology, 2024, 31(12): e16506., articleTitle=Serum liver enzymes and risk of stroke: Systematic review with meta-analyses and Mendelian randomization studies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066005397557356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=362, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Davies NM, Holmes MV, Davey smith G, journalName=BMJ, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Davies NM, Holmes MV, Davey smith G. Reading mendelian randomisation studies: a guide, glossary, and checklist for clinicians[J]. BMJ, 2018, 362: k601., articleTitle=Reading mendelian randomisation studies: a guide, glossary, and checklist for clinicians, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066005540163697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=26, issue=2, pageStart=430, pageEnd=437, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Xu L, Jiang CQ, Lam TH, journalName=Human Molecular Genetics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu L, Jiang CQ, Lam TH, et al. Mendelian randomization estimates of alanine aminotransferase with cardiovascular disease: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort study[J]. Human Molecular Genetics, 2017, 26(2): 430-437., articleTitle=Mendelian randomization estimates of alanine aminotransferase with cardiovascular disease: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066005628244086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=52, issue=3, pageStart=921, pageEnd=931, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Au yeung SL, Borges MC, Wong THT, journalName=International Journal of Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Au yeung SL, Borges MC, Wong THT, et al. Evaluating the role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study in Europeans and East Asians[J]. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2023, 52(3): 921-931., articleTitle=Evaluating the role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study in Europeans and East Asians, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066005762461818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=14, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Guo YL, Gao J, Liu Y, journalName=Frontiers in Endocrinology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Guo YL, Gao J, Liu Y, et al. An examination of causal associations and shared risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the East Asian population: A Mendelian randomization study[J]. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2023, 14: 1132298., articleTitle=An examination of causal associations and shared risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the East Asian population: A Mendelian randomization study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066005863125117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=53, issue=10, pageStart=1415, pageEnd=1424, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Sakaue S, Kanai M, Tanigawa Y, journalName=Nature Genetics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sakaue S, Kanai M, Tanigawa Y, et al. A cross-population Atlas of genetic associations for 220 human phenotypes[J]. Nature Genetics, 2021, 53(10): 1415-1424., articleTitle=A cross-population Atlas of genetic associations for 220 human phenotypes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066005938622594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=13, issue=1, pageStart=6642, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Kim YJ, Moon S, Hwang MY, journalName=Nature Communications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kim YJ, Moon S, Hwang MY, et al. The contribution of common and rare genetic variants to variation in metabolic traits in 288,137 East Asians[J]. Nature Communications, 2022, 13(1): 6642., articleTitle=The contribution of common and rare genetic variants to variation in metabolic traits in 288,137 East Asians, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006077034631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=52, issue=7, pageStart=669, pageEnd=679, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Ishigaki K, Akiyama M, Kanai M, journalName=Nature Genetics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ishigaki K, Akiyama M, Kanai M, et al. Large-scale genome-wide association study in a Japanese population identifies novel susceptibility loci across different diseases[J]. Nature Genetics, 2020, 52(7): 669-679., articleTitle=Large-scale genome-wide association study in a Japanese population identifies novel susceptibility loci across different diseases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006198669453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=611, issue=7934, pageStart=115, pageEnd=123, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Mishra A, Malik R, Hachiya T, journalName=Nature, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mishra A, Malik R, Hachiya T, et al. Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries[J]. Nature, 2022, 611(7934): 115-123., articleTitle=Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006311915667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=181, issue=4, pageStart=251, pageEnd=260, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Burgess S, Thompson SG, journalName=American Journal of Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Burgess S, Thompson SG. Multivariable mendelian randomization: the use of pleiotropic genetic variants to estimate causal effects[J]. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, 181(4): 251-260., articleTitle=Multivariable mendelian randomization: the use of pleiotropic genetic variants to estimate causal effects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006391607444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=30, issue=7, pageStart=543, pageEnd=552, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Burgess S, Scott RA, Timpson NJ, journalName=European Journal of Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Burgess S, Scott RA, Timpson NJ, et al. Using published data in Mendelian randomization: a blueprint for efficient identification of causal risk factors[J]. European Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, 30(7): 543-552., articleTitle=Using published data in Mendelian randomization: a blueprint for efficient identification of causal risk factors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006550991002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=40, issue=4, pageStart=304, pageEnd=314, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Bowden J, Davey smith G, Haycock PC, journalName=Genetic Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bowden J, Davey smith G, Haycock PC, et al. Consistent estimation in mendelian randomization with Some invalid instruments using a weighted median estimator[J]. Genetic Epidemiology, 2016, 40(4): 304-314., articleTitle=Consistent estimation in mendelian randomization with Some invalid instruments using a weighted median estimator, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006643265696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=44, issue=2, pageStart=512, pageEnd=525, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Bowden J, Davey smith G, Burgess S, journalName=International Journal of Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bowden J, Davey smith G, Burgess S. Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression[J]. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, 44(2): 512-525., articleTitle=Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006727151781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=50, issue=5, pageStart=693, pageEnd=698, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Verbanck M, Chen CY, Neale B, journalName=Nature Genetics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Verbanck M, Chen CY, Neale B, et al. Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases[J]. Nature Genetics, 2018, 50(5): 693-698., articleTitle=Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006806843559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=12, issue=1, pageStart=2579, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Pazoki R, Vujkovic M, Elliott J, journalName=Nature Communications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pazoki R, Vujkovic M, Elliott J,et al. Genetic analysis in European ancestry individuals identifies 517 loci associated with liver enzymes[J]. Nature Communications, 2021, 12(1): 2579., articleTitle=Genetic analysis in European ancestry individuals identifies 517 loci associated with liver enzymes, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006878146731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=5, issue=2, pageStart=167, pageEnd=228, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Sarin SK, Kumar M, Eslam M, journalName=The Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sarin SK, Kumar M, Eslam M, et al. Liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission[J]. The Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2020, 5(2): 167-228., articleTitle=Liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066006995587246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=13, issue=11, pageStart=1592, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Lee Y, Seo JH, journalName=Biomolecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lee Y, Seo JH. Potential causal association between elevated Gamma-Glutamyl transferase level and stroke: atwo-sample Mendelian randomization study[J]. Biomolecules, 2023, 13(11): 1592., articleTitle=Potential causal association between elevated Gamma-Glutamyl transferase level and stroke: atwo-sample Mendelian randomization study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066007075279023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=202, issue=1, pageStart=119, pageEnd=127, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Franzini M, Corti A, Martinelli B, journalName=Atherosclerosis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Franzini M, Corti A, Martinelli B, et al. Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in human atherosclerotic plaques—biochemical similarities with the circulating enzyme[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2009, 202(1): 119-127., articleTitle=Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in human atherosclerotic plaques—biochemical similarities with the circulating enzyme, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066008560062641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1955, volume=34, issue=1, pageStart=126, pageEnd=131, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Karmen A, Wroblewski F, Ladue JS, journalName=Journal of Clinical Investigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Karmen A, Wroblewski F, Ladue JS. Transaminase activity in human blood[J]. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1955, 34(1): 126-131., articleTitle=Transaminase activity in human blood, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066008635560117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=40, issue=7, pageStart=597, pageEnd=608, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Burgess S, Davies NM, Thompson SG, journalName=Genetic Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Burgess S, Davies NM, Thompson SG. Bias due to participant overlap in two-sample Mendelian randomization[J]. Genetic Epidemiology, 2016, 40(7): 597-608., articleTitle=Bias due to participant overlap in two-sample Mendelian randomization, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241066001920479240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, awardId=2022YFC3600600, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划项目课题(2022YFC3600600), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065993552843383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993561231992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065993569620601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065993552843383, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241065995071181445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065995100541576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, companyId=1241065995071181445, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.海南省人民医院/海南医科大学附属海南医院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241066000523776948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analyses between serum liver enzymes and coronary artery disease, figureFileSmall=rM18VGBDE7mvn+tSyZdvjA==, figureFileBig=KvAfDACDGQbJFXThyrZiMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241066000632828856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, label=图1, caption=血清肝酶水平与冠心病的双向孟德尔随机化分析, figureFileSmall=rM18VGBDE7mvn+tSyZdvjA==, figureFileBig=KvAfDACDGQbJFXThyrZiMQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241066000934818768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analyses between serum liver enzymes and stroke, figureFileSmall=5T/9vzy2QpvsdE+UJOVDag==, figureFileBig=U5WYs/IZw73beg+Fd2sUHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241066001039676376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, label=图2, caption=血清肝酶水平与脑卒中的双向孟德尔随机化分析, figureFileSmall=5T/9vzy2QpvsdE+UJOVDag==, figureFileBig=U5WYs/IZw73beg+Fd2sUHQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241066001157116897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

GWAS summary datasets and instrumental variables used in this study

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
表型工具变量数量样本量人群PMIDR2(%)F统计量
ALP215118 886日本人345940390.213157.74
ALT136221 095日本人和韩国人363332820.03966.23
AST203220 740日本人和韩国人363332820.06373.62
GGT334200 938日本人和韩国人363332820.199151.57
冠心病163212 453（29 319病例/183 134对照）日本人325141220.03860.71
脑卒中8264 655（27 413病例/237 242对照）中日韩等东亚人361807950.00143.92
), ArticleFig(id=1241066001261974502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

本研究使用的GWAS汇总数据和工具变量信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
表型工具变量数量样本量人群PMIDR2(%)F统计量
ALP215118 886日本人345940390.213157.74
ALT136221 095日本人和韩国人363332820.03966.23
AST203220 740日本人和韩国人363332820.06373.62
GGT334200 938日本人和韩国人363332820.199151.57
冠心病163212 453（29 319病例/183 134对照）日本人325141220.03860.71
脑卒中8264 655（27 413病例/237 242对照）中日韩等东亚人361807950.00143.92
), ArticleFig(id=1241066001400386539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses between serum liver enzymes and coronary artery disease

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
暴露工具变量个数OR (95% CI)P值
血清肝酶334
GGT0.662 (0.586~0.747)2.88×10-11
ALT0.855 (0.686~1.064)0.16
), ArticleFig(id=1241066001522021360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

血清肝酶水平与冠心病的多变量孟德尔随机化分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
暴露工具变量个数OR (95% CI)P值
血清肝酶334
GGT0.662 (0.586~0.747)2.88×10-11
ALT0.855 (0.686~1.064)0.16
), ArticleFig(id=1241066001635267576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses between serum liver enzymes and stroke

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
暴露工具变量个数OR (95% CI)P值
血清肝酶478
GGT1.166 (1.110~1.225)9.98×10-10
AST1.137 (1.054~1.226)8.46×10-4
), ArticleFig(id=1241066001777872897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065991564743156, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

血清肝酶水平与脑卒中的多变量孟德尔随机化分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
暴露工具变量个数OR (95% CI)P值
血清肝酶478
GGT1.166 (1.110~1.225)9.98×10-10
AST1.137 (1.054~1.226)8.46×10-4
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1770628902248, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1227669854342280188, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902278, updatedTime=1770628902278, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1227669854396806141, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902291, updatedTime=1770628902291, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
东亚人群血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病因果关联的孟德尔随机化研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
邱伶俐 1 , 章文强 1 , 谭芷馨 1 , 武璇 1 , 刘运杰 1 , 姜侠 1 , 张本 1, 2
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025,52(4): 577-582
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025, 52(4): 577-582
东亚人群血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病因果关联的孟德尔随机化研究
全屏
邱伶俐1, 章文强1, 谭芷馨1, 武璇1, 刘运杰1, 姜侠1, 张本1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041
  • 2.海南省人民医院/海南医科大学附属海南医院

    • 邱伶俐（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：流行病与卫生统计学

通讯作者:

张本，E-mail：
Mendelian randomization study reveals causal relationships between serum liver enzymes and cardiovascular diseases in the east Asian population
Ling-li QIU1, Wen-qiang ZHANG1, Zhi-xin TAN1, Xuan WU1, Yun-jie LIU1, Xia JIANG1, Ben ZHANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077
文章导航
收藏切换
摘要
收起
目的

采用孟德尔随机化（Mendelian randomization，MR）分析方法研究东亚人群的血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病的因果关联。

方法

利用迄今最大的东亚人群的全基因组关联研究汇总数据开展两样本孟德尔随机化研究。单变量MR分析以逆方差加权法（inverse-variance weighted method，IVW）和MR PRESSO为主，并以加权中位数法、MR Egger、排除回文结构及多效性工具变量等方法作为敏感性分析；多变量MR分析采用多变量IVW法以评价多个血清肝酶对冠心病和脑卒中的独立影响。

结果

遗传预测的血清ALT、GGT与冠心病存在因果关联（ALT→冠心病：OR=0.546，95% CI：0.403~0.739；GGT→冠心病：OR=0.618，95% CI：0.555~0.689），并且GGT对冠心病存在独立于ALT的直接因果效应（OR=0.662，95% CI：0.586~0.747）；遗传预测的血清AST和GGT对脑卒中存在独立于彼此的直接因果效应（AST→脑卒中：OR=1.137，95% CI：1.054~1.226；GGT→脑卒中：OR=1.166，95% CI：1.110~1.225）。

结论

东亚人群的血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病存在因果关联。

血清肝酶  /  心血管疾病  /  因果关联  /  孟德尔随机化  /  东亚人
Objective

To investigate the causal relationship between serum liver enzymes and cardiovascular diseases in the East Asian population through Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

Methods

A two-sample Mendelian randomization study was conducted using the hitherto largest genome-wide association study summary datasets in the East Asian population. The inverse-variance weighted method (IVW) and MR PRESSO were used as primary univariable MR analyses, whereas the weighted median method, MR Egger, removing palindromic and pleiotropic instrumental variables were used as sensitivity analyses. Multivariable MR analyses used the multivariable IVW method to evaluate the independent causal effects of multiple serum liver enzymes on coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke.

Results

Genetically predicted serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were causally associated with CAD (ALT→CAD: OR=0.546, 95% CI: 0.403-0.739; GGT→CAD: OR=0.618, 95% CI: 0.555-0.689). Additionally, GGT directly affected CAD independent of ALT (OR=0.662, 95% CI: 0.586-0.747). Genetically predicted serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and GGT had direct causal effects on stroke that were independent of each other (AST→stroke: OR=1.137, 95% CI: 1.054-1.226; GGT→stroke: OR=1.166, 95% CI: 1.110-1.225).

Conclusion

Serum liver enzymes have causal effects on cardiovascular diseases in the East Asian population.

Serum liver enzymes  /  Cardiovasculardiseases  /  Causality  /  Mendelian randomization  /  East Asian population
邱伶俐, 章文强, 谭芷馨, 武璇, 刘运杰, 姜侠, 张本. 东亚人群血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病因果关联的孟德尔随机化研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (4) : 577 -582 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077
Ling-li QIU, Wen-qiang ZHANG, Zhi-xin TAN, Xuan WU, Yun-jie LIU, Xia JIANG, Ben ZHANG. Mendelian randomization study reveals causal relationships between serum liver enzymes and cardiovascular diseases in the east Asian population[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (4) : 577 -582 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077
正文
收起
心血管疾病是导致全球死亡和健康寿命损失的首要原因。根据全球疾病负担研究，2019年冠心病和脑卒中分别导致的伤残调整寿命年约1.82亿和1.43亿，位居全球疾病负担的第二位和第三位原因[1-2]，预计心血管疾病负担将持续上升[3]。因此，早期识别心血管疾病的危险因素和检测相关生物标志物对心血管疾病的防控具有重要意义[4-5]。
血清肝酶作为循环生物标志物，检测方法快速、便捷、经济，其中碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase，ALP）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine aminotransferase，ALT）、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（aspartate aminotransferase，AST）和γ-谷氨酰基转移酶（gamma-glutamyltransferase，GGT）常用于普通人群的健康体检，以评价肝脏损伤或代谢相关脂肪性肝病[6]。肝脏损伤或代谢相关脂肪性肝病会引起机体氧化应激和炎性反应，而氧化应激与炎性反应又是心血管疾病发生发展的重要机制[7-8]。传统观察性流行病学研究发现，GGT升高与冠心病和脑卒中的发病风险增加有关，但是ALP、ALT和AST与心血管疾病的关联存在较大争议。在既往前瞻性研究中，不同研究发现的结果不一致，部分研究显示这三种血清肝酶与心血管疾病存在正相关[9-10]，部分研究则显示存在负相关[11-12]，还有研究显示无统计学关联[13-14]，并且证据主要来自西方人群[11-17]。由于固有的方法学局限，传统观察性流行病学研究结果容易受到残余混杂和反向因果的干扰，导致所识别的流行病学关联并非因果关联。
孟德尔随机化（Mendelian randomization，MR）方法是以全基因组关联研究（genome-wide association study，GWAS）识别与暴露显著相关的单核苷酸多态性位点（single nucleotide polymorphisms，SNPs）作为工具变量，通过测量工具变量与暴露、工具变量与结局之间的关联，从而估计暴露对结局的因果效应，是目前仅次于随机对照试验的最可靠的因果推断方法[18]。目前仅有3项MR研究东亚人群血清肝酶水平与冠心病的因果关联，但是由于工具变量数量较少可能导致弱工具变量偏倚，关联强度较弱，而且不同研究的结论不一致[9-21]。例如，虽然都是基于日本人群的MR研究，但是一项显示ALT与冠心病存在因果关联（P=0.036），而另一项却显示ALT与冠心病不存在因果关联（P=0.051）。因此，本研究拟利用迄今为止最大的东亚人群GWAS汇总数据开展双向两样本MR分析，系统地调查血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病的因果关联，为东亚人群心血管疾病的早期识别和预防控制提供科学依据。
1　资料与方法
收起
1.1　资料来源
所有研究数据均来自东亚人群，其中血清ALP的遗传数据来自日本生物银行（Biobank Japan Project，BBJ）的GWAS汇总数据[22]，血清ALT、AST和GGT的遗传数据来自BBJ和韩国基因组与流行病学研究（Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study，KoGES）的meta-GWAS汇总数据[23]。血清ALP、ALT、AST和GGT的研究样本量分别为118 886、221 095、220 740和200 938。
冠心病的遗传数据来自BBJ的GWAS汇总数据，研究样本量包括29 319名病例和183 134名对照[24]；脑卒中的遗传数据来自GIGASTROKE联盟的meta-GWAS汇总数据，研究样本量包括27 413名病例和237 242名对照[25]。
1.2　工具变量选择
根据MR分析的相关性、独立性、排他性三个核心假设，单变量MR分析以千人全基因组项目第三阶段的东亚人群的全基因组信息为参照，利用“TwoSampleMR”软件包的“clump_data”函数从各个暴露的GWAS汇总数据中挑选出有显著关联的SNPs（P< 5×10-8），并设置连锁不平衡参数r2<0.1和遗传距离阈值为500 kb。然后进一步剔除无法与结局GWAS汇总数据中相应SNPs信息协调的位点。多变量MR分析不要求工具变量与所有暴露都显著相关[26]，可将与多变量分析模型中任一种暴露显著关联的SNPs进行汇总，并设置连锁不平衡参数r2<0.1和遗传距离阈值为500 kb，然后进一步剔除无法与结局GWAS汇总数据中相应SNPs信息协调的位点。所有工具变量计算R2与F统计量，若F>10则说明不存在弱工具变量偏倚。
1.3　统计分析
单变量MR分析采用逆方差加权法（inverse-variance weighted method，IVW）作为主要分析方法[27]，估计暴露与结局之间的因果效应（结局是分类变量，计算比值比（odds ratio，OR）；结局是连续性变量，计算beta值）及其95%置信区间（confidence interval，CI），并以加权中位数法[28]、MR Egger法[29]、去除存在回文结构的SNPs和去除存在水平多效性的SNPs（GWAS catalog报道与潜在混杂因素相关）作为敏感性分析。为评估研究结果的稳健性，采用MR PRESSO（pleiotropy residual sum and outlier）估计校正水平多效性后的因果效应[30]。此外，为评价多个血清肝酶对冠心病和脑卒中的独立影响，本研究进一步开展多变量MR分析，采用多变量IVW法，估计各个暴露之间相互调整后对结局的因果效应大小。因果关联的判断标准：①IVW法的P值经过Bonferroni校正后仍显著（P<0.05/16=3.125×10-3）；②加权中位数法、MR Egger法、去除存在回文结构的SNPs和去除存在水平多效性的SNPs等敏感性分析结果与IVW的方向一致；③MR PRESSO的结果具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。所有分析均使用R软件（4.2.1版本，https://www.r-project.org/）。
2　结果
收起
2.1　工具变量特征
本研究使用的GWAS汇总数据和工具变量信息见表1。所有表型的样本量介于118 886~264 655之间，工具变量能够解释的变异比例介于0.001%~0.213%之间，F统计量均大于10，说明不存在弱工具变量偏倚，满足MR研究的关联性假设。
2.2　血清肝酶水平与冠心病的因果关联
单变量IVW法的结果表明，遗传预测的ALT和GGT水平与冠心病存在因果关联，效应值分别为OR=0.546，95% CI：0.403~0.739和OR=0.618，95% CI：0.555~0.689，敏感性分析结果的效应方向与IVW法的一致，且效应在MR PRESSO校正水平多效性后仍然显著，见图1。此外，遗传预测的ALP水平与冠心病无关（OR=0.936，95% CI：0.856~1.023），遗传预测的AST水平与冠心病存在名义上显著关联（OR=0.693，95% CI：0.542~0.887），但是效应在MR PRESSO校正水平多效性后不显著（OR=0.901，95% CI：0.808~1.004）。
多变量IVW法的结果表明，遗传预测的GGT水平对冠心病存在独立于ALT的直接因果效应（OR=0.662，95% CI：0.586~0.747），而遗传预测的ALT水平与冠心病的关联在调整GGT后消失（OR=0.855，95% CI：0.686~1.064），见表2。
反向MR结果表明，遗传预测的冠心病与血清ALP和GGT水平存在因果关联，效应值分别为β=0.050，95% CI：0.032~0.068和β=-0.088，95% CI：-0.127 ~-0.050，敏感性分析结果的效应方向与IVW法的一致，且效应在MR PRESSO校正水平多效性后仍然显著。此外，遗传预测的冠心病与血清ALT水平无关（β=-0.004，95% CI：-0.011~ 0.004），而遗传预测的冠心病与血清AST水平存在名义上显著关联（β=-0.029，95% CI：-0.055 ~-0.003），但是加权中位数法分析结果的效应方向与IVW法的不一致，且效应在MR PRESSO校正水平多效性后不显著（β=-0.001，95% CI：-0.016~0.014）。
2.3　血清肝酶水平与脑卒中的因果关联
单变量IVW法的结果表明，遗传预测的AST和GGT水平与脑卒中存在因果关联，效应值分别为OR=1.294，95% CI：1.184~1.414和OR=1.218，95% CI：1.165 ~1.274，敏感性分析结果的效应方向与IVW法的一致，且效应在MR PRESSO校正水平多效性后仍然显著，见图2。此外，遗传预测的ALP水平与脑卒中无关（OR=0.973，95% CI：0.932~ 1.016），遗传预测的ALT水平与脑卒中存在名义上显著关联（OR=1.225，95% CI：1.080~1.388），但是加权中位数法分析结果的效应方向与IVW法的不一致，且效应在MR PRESSO校正水平多效性后不显著（OR=1.020，95% CI：0.925~1.124）。
多变量IVW法的结果表明，遗传预测的AST（OR=1.137，95% CI：1.054~1.226）和GGT（OR=1.166，95% CI：1.110~1.225）水平对脑卒中存在独立于彼此的直接因果效应，见表3。
反向MR结果表明，遗传预测的脑卒中与血清ALT（β=0.285，95% CI：0.029~0.542）和AST（β=0.397，95% CI：0.040~0.754）水平存在名义上显著关联，但是遗传预测的脑卒中与血清ALT水平关联的加权中位数法分析结果的效应方向与IVW法的不一致。此外，遗传预测的脑卒中与血清ALP（β=-0.155，95% CI：-0.349~0.038）和GGT（β=0.262，95% CI：-0.307~0.831）水平无关。
3　讨论
收起
本研究利用迄今为止最大的东亚人群GWAS汇总数据，采用双向两样本MR分析系统地调查了血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病的因果关联，发现遗传预测的血清ALT、GGT与冠心病存在因果关联，并且GGT对冠心病存在独立于ALT的直接因果效应；遗传预测的血清AST和GGT与脑卒中存在因果关联，并且是独立于彼此的直接因果效应。这些发现表明，血清肝酶可能影响心血管疾病的发生，为心血管疾病的预防和管理提供新的科学依据。
本研究调查了血清肝酶水平与冠心病的因果关联，结果与既往研究相似，并弥补了东亚人群研究证据的不足[19-21]。首先，本研究发现遗传预测的血清ALT对冠心病存在保护效应，这与既往两项东亚人的MR研究结果一致，但是这两项研究所使用的工具变量数量较少[19]，而且暴露与结局数据存在完全样本重叠[21]。对此，本研究利用目前最新最大的GWAS汇总数据获取了136个SNPs作为工具变量，有效地提高了统计效能，并且研究人群包含韩国人，一定程度上减少了样本重叠。其次，本研究发现遗传预测的GGT与冠心病存在双向保护效应。虽然既往欧洲人群的meta研究[15]和MR研究[31]显示血清GGT水平升高对冠心病存在危险效应，但是研究结果由于残余混杂因素和选择偏倚的影响具有较大异质性，并且欧洲人群和东亚人群对疾病的易感性不一致，研究结果不能完全外推于东亚人群。本研究与欧洲人群的研究结果不一致的可能原因有人群异质性和幸存者偏倚[12]。与欧洲国家相比，东亚国家的肝脏疾病流行更广，患病率更高，东亚人群更可能因为肝脏疾病而过早死亡，产生幸存者偏倚[32]。东亚人群冠心病的GWAS为病例对照设计，研究对象的平均年龄超过60岁，这些研究对象能够观察到冠心病的发生，可能因为他们的肝酶水平更加正常，肝功能更好，存活时间更长；反之，患有冠心病的人群可能因为肝功能更好，没有因为肝脏疾病而发生过早死亡，这可能导致在东亚人群中观察到血清肝酶与冠心病的双向保护效应。因此，鉴于研究结果的种群差异和东亚人群冠心病的GWAS数据有限，未来的流行病学研究需要在不同人群中开展大规模、前瞻性的调查，收集前瞻性队列研究中关于东亚人群冠心病的遗传数据，从而更好地揭示血清肝酶水平与冠心病在不同人群中的真实因果关联。
本研究也发现遗传预测的血清AST和GGT与脑卒中存在独立于彼此的因果效应，即血清AST、GGT水平升高会独立地增加脑卒中的风险，这与既往研究结果一致[33]。GGT水平升高与脑卒中的发生机制可能存在联系。有研究表明GGT升高提示氧化应激和炎症反应增强，而氧化应激与炎症反应会加速动脉粥样硬化的进展[7]。实验研究表明GGT存在于冠状动脉斑块中，并通过氧化还原反应促进低密度脂蛋白氧化，进一步恶化动脉粥样硬化斑块的发展[34]。AST是首个用于临床诊断的心脏标志物，主要分布于心肌，其次是肝脏。虽然目前研究AST对脑卒中的生物机制学的文章较少，其中的作用机制尚不明确，但是人群流行病学研究发现，AST水平升高不仅提示肝脏受损，也提示心肌梗塞、心力衰竭等疾病风险，可以影响机体的脂质代谢以及抗氧化应激能力[6,35]。因此，本研究结果提示，血清肝酶与脑卒中之间可能存在潜在的生物学机制，未来需要更多的实验研究去验证二者的关联性。
本研究也具有一定的局限性。首先，虽然使用目前最新最大的GWAS，但是血清肝酶和冠心病存在样本重叠，可能会导致弱工具变量偏倚和产生假阳性结果[36]。然而在所有MR分析中，F统计量均大于10，提示可能不存在弱工具变量偏倚；并且本研究在IVW法的基础上采用加权中位数法、MR Egger和MR PRESSO等多种分析方法，不同方法的结果相互验证，降低了假阳性结果出现的可能。其次，本研究采用的两样本MR方法仅能分析血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病的线性关联，无法分析非线性关联，也无法进一步分析局部的平均因果效应。因此，未来需要更多不同人群，尤其是中国人的遗传数据，并且结合多维度的分析方法来探索血清肝酶水平与心血管疾病之间的相互作用。
综上所述，血清肝酶水平可能与心血管疾病存在直接的因果关联。研究发现为心血管疾病的早期识别和预防控制提供了新的科学依据。
基金
收起
  • 国家重点研发计划项目课题(2022YFC3600600)
文献
收起
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式：
[1]
GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019[J]. The Lancet, 2020, 396(10258): 1204-1222.
[2]
Roth GA, Mensah GA, Johnson CO, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: update from the GBD 2019 study[J]. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2020, 76(25): 2982-3021.
[3]
Chong B, Jayabaskaran J, Jauhari SM, et al. Global burden of cardiovascular diseases: projections from 2025 to 2050[J]. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2024: zwae281.
[4]
Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American college of cardiology/American heart association task force on clinical practice guidelines[J]. Circulation, 2019, 140(11): e596-e646.
[5]
Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM, et al. 2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice[J]. European Heart Journal, 2021, 42(34): 3227-3337.
[6]
Kwo PY, Cohen SM, Lim JK. ACG clinical guideline: evaluation of abnormal liver chemistries[J]. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2017, 112(1): 18-35.
[7]
Emdin M, Pompella A, Paolicchi A. Gamma-glutamyltransferase, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease: triggering oxidative stress within the plaque[J]. Circulation, 2005, 112(14): 2078-2080.
[8]
Haarhaus M, Brandenburg V, Kalantar-Zadeh K, et al. Alkaline phosphatase: a novel treatment target for cardiovascular disease in CKD[J]. Nature Reviews Nephrology, 2017, 13(7): 429-442.
[9]
Yun KE, Shin CY, Yoon YS, et al. Elevated alanine aminotransferase levels predict mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes in Koreans[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2009, 205(2): 533-537.
[10]
Schindhelm RK, Dekker JM, Nijpels G, et al. Alanine aminotransferase predicts coronary heart disease events: a 10-year follow-up of the Hoorn Study[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2007, 191(2): 391-396.
[11]
Schooling CM, Kelvin EA, Jones HE. Alanine transaminase has opposite associations with death from diabetes and ischemic heart disease in NHANES III[J]. Annals of Epidemiology, 2012, 22(11): 789-798.
[12]
Ford I, Mooijaart SP, Lloyd S, et al. The inverse relationship between alanine aminotransferase in the normal range and adverse cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular outcomes[J]. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2011, 40(6): 1530-1538.
[13]
Olynyk JK, Knuiman MW, Divitini ML, et al. Serum alanine aminotransferase, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease in an Australian population[J]. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2009, 104(7): 1715-1722.
[14]
Ruhl CE, Everhart JE. Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase and mortality in the United States population[J]. Gastroenterology, 2009, 136(2): 477-485.e11.
[15]
Kunutsor SK, Apekey TA, Khan H. Liver enzymes and risk of cardiovascular disease in the general population: A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2014, 236(1): 7-17.
[16]
Li JW, Xu C, Fan Y, et al. Can serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and phosphate predict cardiovascular diseases and total mortality in individuals with preserved renal function? A systemic review and meta-analysis[J]. PLOS One, 2014, 9(7): e102276.
[17]
Li C, Gu L, Shi FY, et al. Serum liver enzymes and risk of stroke: Systematic review with meta-analyses and Mendelian randomization studies[J]. European Journal of Neurology, 2024, 31(12): e16506.
[18]
Davies NM, Holmes MV, Davey smith G. Reading mendelian randomisation studies: a guide, glossary, and checklist for clinicians[J]. BMJ, 2018, 362: k601.
[19]
Xu L, Jiang CQ, Lam TH, et al. Mendelian randomization estimates of alanine aminotransferase with cardiovascular disease: Guangzhou Biobank Cohort study[J]. Human Molecular Genetics, 2017, 26(2): 430-437.
[20]
Au yeung SL, Borges MC, Wong THT, et al. Evaluating the role of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study in Europeans and East Asians[J]. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2023, 52(3): 921-931.
[21]
Guo YL, Gao J, Liu Y, et al. An examination of causal associations and shared risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases in the East Asian population: A Mendelian randomization study[J]. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2023, 14: 1132298.
[22]
Sakaue S, Kanai M, Tanigawa Y, et al. A cross-population Atlas of genetic associations for 220 human phenotypes[J]. Nature Genetics, 2021, 53(10): 1415-1424.
[23]
Kim YJ, Moon S, Hwang MY, et al. The contribution of common and rare genetic variants to variation in metabolic traits in 288,137 East Asians[J]. Nature Communications, 2022, 13(1): 6642.
[24]
Ishigaki K, Akiyama M, Kanai M, et al. Large-scale genome-wide association study in a Japanese population identifies novel susceptibility loci across different diseases[J]. Nature Genetics, 2020, 52(7): 669-679.
[25]
Mishra A, Malik R, Hachiya T, et al. Stroke genetics informs drug discovery and risk prediction across ancestries[J]. Nature, 2022, 611(7934): 115-123.
[26]
Burgess S, Thompson SG. Multivariable mendelian randomization: the use of pleiotropic genetic variants to estimate causal effects[J]. American Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, 181(4): 251-260.
[27]
Burgess S, Scott RA, Timpson NJ, et al. Using published data in Mendelian randomization: a blueprint for efficient identification of causal risk factors[J]. European Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, 30(7): 543-552.
[28]
Bowden J, Davey smith G, Haycock PC, et al. Consistent estimation in mendelian randomization with Some invalid instruments using a weighted median estimator[J]. Genetic Epidemiology, 2016, 40(4): 304-314.
[29]
Bowden J, Davey smith G, Burgess S. Mendelian randomization with invalid instruments: effect estimation and bias detection through Egger regression[J]. International Journal of Epidemiology, 2015, 44(2): 512-525.
[30]
Verbanck M, Chen CY, Neale B, et al. Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases[J]. Nature Genetics, 2018, 50(5): 693-698.
[31]
Pazoki R, Vujkovic M, Elliott J,et al. Genetic analysis in European ancestry individuals identifies 517 loci associated with liver enzymes[J]. Nature Communications, 2021, 12(1): 2579.
[32]
Sarin SK, Kumar M, Eslam M, et al. Liver diseases in the Asia-Pacific region: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission[J]. The Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2020, 5(2): 167-228.
[33]
Lee Y, Seo JH. Potential causal association between elevated Gamma-Glutamyl transferase level and stroke: atwo-sample Mendelian randomization study[J]. Biomolecules, 2023, 13(11): 1592.
[34]
Franzini M, Corti A, Martinelli B, et al. Gamma-glutamyltransferase activity in human atherosclerotic plaques—biochemical similarities with the circulating enzyme[J]. Atherosclerosis, 2009, 202(1): 119-127.
[35]
Karmen A, Wroblewski F, Ladue JS. Transaminase activity in human blood[J]. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1955, 34(1): 126-131.
[36]
Burgess S, Davies NM, Thompson SG. Bias due to participant overlap in two-sample Mendelian randomization[J]. Genetic Epidemiology, 2016, 40(7): 597-608.
2025年第52卷第4期
PDF下载
73
36
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077
  • 接收时间：2024-11-04
  • 首发时间：2026-03-18
  • 出版时间：2025-02-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期：2024-11-04
基金
国家重点研发计划项目课题(2022YFC3600600)
作者信息
    1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041
    2.海南省人民医院/海南医科大学附属海南医院

通讯作者:

张本，E-mail：
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411077
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏
相关链接
论文
最新文章
热读文章
热点专题
内参
蓝皮书
产业发展报告
传播力报告
期刊分级目录
资讯
学术新闻
行业新闻
学术会议
行业会议
关于
关于我们
联系我们
北京市海淀区学院南路86号
100081
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn

中国科学技术协会版权所有 京ICP 备10216604号-4 海淀分局备案 1101084647
科技导报社主办 中国科协信息中心技术支持