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Article(id=1241065986372203344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410333, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1729526400000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773822789042, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773822789042, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773822789042, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822789042, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241065978004557893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='4', pageStart='577', pageEnd='768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773822787047, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773823194927, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241067688831808347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241067688831808348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=762, endPage=768, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241065986699359079, articleId=1241065986372203344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Investigation on the experimental teaching project of the core course of preventive medicine under the background of “new medicine”, columnId=1240375111455404044, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Talent Development, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the reasonable setting of the experimental teaching project of the core course of undergraduate preventive medicine under the background of "new medicine".

Methods

A questionnaire was used to investigate the familiarity and score of the core experimental courses of preventive medicine among professionals in medical institutions and universities, and the results were statistically analyzed. Interviews with experts were conducted for experimental projects with low scores and those recommended by employers to explore reasonable experimental teaching projects for core courses of preventive medicine.

Results

A total of 218 valid questionnaires were collected. The overall score of most experimental items in "Public Health Skills" was more than 8 points, and there was no significant difference in scores among different units (P>0.05). The overall score of the experimental items of the other preventive medicine experimental courses was more than 6 points, and the scores of the classical experimental operation experimental items of the CDC and the primary medical and health institutions were lower than those of other units (P<0.05). After sorting out the open questions in the questionnaire and interviews with experts, each employer intended to recommend adding experimental projects of on-site emergency handling and practical operation.

Conclusion

At present, the experimental teaching project of the core course of the undergraduate specialty of preventive medicine is reasonable. The reasonable setting of classic experimental operation experimental items and comprehensive practical experimental items in the core courses of undergraduate preventive medicine is worth studying.

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目的

探讨“新医科”背景下预防医学本科专业核心课实验教学课程项目的合理设置。

方法

采用自制问卷对医疗机构和高校的专业人员就预防医学核心实验课程熟悉程度、评分情况等进行调查，并进行统计分析；针对赋分较低的实验项目和用人单位推荐增加的实验项目进行专家访谈，探讨合理的预防医学核心课实验教学项目。

结果

本次调查共收集218份有效问卷。《公共卫生技能》多数实验项目总体得分超过8分，各单位赋分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；其余预防医学实验课程的实验项目总体得分超过6分，且疾病预防控制中心与基层医疗卫生机构对经典实验操作类的实验项目赋分相较于其他单位较低（P<0.05）；经整理问卷开放性问题和专家访谈，各用人单位拟推荐增加现场应急处置、实践操作类实验项目。

结论

目前预防医学本科专业核心课实验教学项目设置较合理。预防医学本科专业核心课中经典实验操作类实验项目与综合实践类实验项目的合理设置值得研究。

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秦启忠，E-mail：
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点，除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=gLaU8DVOAVTl+A/3wV/7og==, magXml=FpHI9s2jNnzVfTCmTLc9iw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=HkHJfKpjuH+ADHcIyBUiQg==, pdfFileSize=968113, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=gU/neNSpvAONy8SEENufIA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=25vj4UolQaVkjwGZQX/R+Q==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

谭雪梅（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：公共卫生

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谭雪梅（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：公共卫生

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谭雪梅（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：公共卫生

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(In Chinese), articleTitle=Research on the development of Primary medical and health service system after major public health emergencies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066000632836661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=6, issue=6, pageStart=11, pageEnd=15, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=25, authorNames=贾贞, 陈道桢, 胡仁静, journalName=现代医学与健康研究电子杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=贾贞，陈道桢，胡仁静．“后疫情”时代海东市基层医疗卫生机构检验科现状调查[J].现代医学与健康研究电子杂志，2022, 6(6):11-15．, articleTitle=“后疫情”时代海东市基层医疗卫生机构检验科现状调查, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241066000783831610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=6, issue=6, pageStart=11, pageEnd=15, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Jia Z, Chen DZ, Hu RJ, journalName=Modern Medicine and Health Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jia Z, Chen DZ, Hu RJ. Investigation of the inspection departments of grassroots medical institutions in Haidong in the post COVID-19 pandemic era[J]. Modern Medicine and Health Research, 2022, 6(6): 11-15. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Investigation of the inspection departments of grassroots medical institutions in Haidong in the post COVID-19 pandemic era, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241065996090405254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, awardId=JY20230333, language=CN, fundingSource=重庆医科大学教育教学改革研究项目(JY20230333), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065987617911734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987622106039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, companyId=1241065987617911734, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987630494648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, companyId=1241065987617911734, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆 401331)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241065987760518080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987768906690, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, companyId=1241065987760518080, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.重庆医科大学实验教学管理中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241065992940482823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Regional distribution of work units of the research subjects(Source: National Geographic Information Public Service Platform, map No. GS (2016) 2923, base map without modification), figureFileSmall=Tq0FfwoKOs4VzgCBV/qYig==, figureFileBig=gU/neNSpvAONy8SEENufIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241065993087283476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=CN, label=图1, caption=研究对象工作单位地区分布图（来源国家地理信息公共服务平台，审图号GS(2016)2923号，底图未经修改）, figureFileSmall=Tq0FfwoKOs4VzgCBV/qYig==, figureFileBig=gU/neNSpvAONy8SEENufIA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241065993351524653, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic information

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目n（%）
性别
男87（39.91）
女131（60.09）
年龄
20~3068（31.19）
31~4074（33.94）
41~5046（21.10）
>5030（13.76）
最高学历
大专及以下7（3.21）
本科123（56.42）
硕士研究生及以上88（40.37）
专业
预防医学153（70.18）
临床医学15（6.88）
基础医学3（1.38）
其他47（21.56）
单位类型
疾病预防控制中心140（64.22）
医院17（7.8）
基层医疗卫生机构10（4.59）
高校37（16.97）
其他14（6.42）
单位等级
省级30（13.76）
市级52（23.85）
县级87（39.91）
其他49（22.48）
职称
未定职称31（14.22）
初级职称49（22.48）
中级职称53（24.31）
高级职称85（38.99）
工作年限
<1099（45.42）
≥10119（54.58）
), ArticleFig(id=1241065993489936691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

基本信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目n（%）
性别
男87（39.91）
女131（60.09）
年龄
20~3068（31.19）
31~4074（33.94）
41~5046（21.10）
>5030（13.76）
最高学历
大专及以下7（3.21）
本科123（56.42）
硕士研究生及以上88（40.37）
专业
预防医学153（70.18）
临床医学15（6.88）
基础医学3（1.38）
其他47（21.56）
单位类型
疾病预防控制中心140（64.22）
医院17（7.8）
基层医疗卫生机构10（4.59）
高校37（16.97）
其他14（6.42）
单位等级
省级30（13.76）
市级52（23.85）
县级87（39.91）
其他49（22.48）
职称
未定职称31（14.22）
初级职称49（22.48）
中级职称53（24.31）
高级职称85（38.99）
工作年限
<1099（45.42）
≥10119（54.58）
), ArticleFig(id=1241065995012469055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Respondents’ familiarity with each course[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
课程不熟悉一般熟悉非常熟悉
职业卫生与职业医学75（34.40）80（36.70）45（20.64）18（8.26）
营养与食品卫生77（35.32）70（32.11）55（25.23）16（7.34）
环境卫生学77（35.32）69（31.65）54（24.77）18（8.26）
卫生理化检验115（52.75）46（21.10）38（17.43）19（8.72）
生物医学实验120（55.05）59（27.06）29（13.30）10（4.59）
儿童少年卫生学117（53.67）58（26.61）30（13.76）13（5.96）
公共卫生技能91（41.74）65（29.82）42（19.27）20（9.17）
), ArticleFig(id=1241065995146686789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

调查对象对各课程的熟悉程度[n（%）]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
课程不熟悉一般熟悉非常熟悉
职业卫生与职业医学75（34.40）80（36.70）45（20.64）18（8.26）
营养与食品卫生77（35.32）70（32.11）55（25.23）16（7.34）
环境卫生学77（35.32）69（31.65）54（24.77）18（8.26）
卫生理化检验115（52.75）46（21.10）38（17.43）19（8.72）
生物医学实验120（55.05）59（27.06）29（13.30）10（4.59）
儿童少年卫生学117（53.67）58（26.61）30（13.76）13（5.96）
公共卫生技能91（41.74）65（29.82）42（19.27）20（9.17）
), ArticleFig(id=1241065995297681743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Scores of each experimental item and rank sum test results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
课程名称项目得分情况 M（P25,P75）ZP
总体疾病预防控制中心医院基层医疗卫生机构高校其他
职业卫生与职业医学(n=143)实验室安全与职业卫生调查8（6,9）7(5,9)8(6,9)6(3,10)8(6,10)8(5.5,8.5)4.4440.349
职业卫生调查与实践8（6,9）7(6,8)8(5,9)8(4,10)8(6,9)8(6.5,8)1.5520.817
职业中毒案例讨论8（6,9）8(6,8)8(7,9)4(4,9)8(6,10)8(7.5,10)7.7160.103
急性职业中毒的现场调查与处理8（6,9）8(5,9)8(5,10)6(3,9)8(7,10)8(8,8.5)6.2460.182
全血胆碱酯酶测定（分光光度法）6（4,9）6(4,8)8(4,10)2(1.5,10)8(5,10)8(5.5,9)6.1230.190
乘用车内空气中苯系物的检测6（4,8）6(4,8)8(4,9)2(2,9)6(5,8)8(7,9)5.8070.214
粉尘浓度和分散度测定8（6,9）8(5,9)8(6.5,10)7(3.5,9)8(6,9)9(8,9.5)6.9950.136
游离二氧化硅测定8（5,9）6(5,9)8(5,9)3(2,9)8(5,9)8(6,9.5)3.4570.484
职业性有害因素识别与危害评价8（6,9）8(4,9)8(6,9)8(6,9)8(7,10)9(7,10)4.4030.354
职业心理状态调查和评价7（4,9）6(4,8)7(6,8.5)6(5,9)9(4,10)9(6,10)6.2290.183
工作场所物理因素检测8（6,9）8(6,9)8(5,9)6(5,9)8(6,10)8(6,9.5)2.6840.612
职业性尘肺病的诊断8（6,9）7(4,9)8(6,10)6(2,9)8(6,10)9(7.5,10)9.5440.049
环境卫生学(n=141)气象条件测定8（6,9）8(6,10)6.3(4.3,9.8)8(6,8)6.5(5.8,10)9(7.5,9)2.0180.732
空气中二氧化硫测定（分光光度法）7（5,9）7(5,9)7.5(5.3,8.8)2(2,8)7(5,9.3)8(7,9)4.2790.370
大气污染案例讨论8（6,9）8(6,9)8(6.3,9.5)6(6,8)8(6,10)8(7,9.5）3.9780.409
室内空气甲醛浓度测定（分光光度法）8（5,9）8(5,9)8(5.3,8.8)2(2,8)8(6,10)9(8,9)7.6220.106
饮用水消毒8（6,9）8(6,9)7.5(6,9)8(4,8)8(6,10)9(8,9)3.1630.531
水的硬度测定8（6,9）8(6,9)7.5(6,9.8)8(4,9)7(5.8,9.3)9(8,9)2.2580.688
突发生活饮用水污染事件应急处置（虚拟实验）8（6,9）8(5,9)7.5(6.3,9)8(6,8)7.5(6,9)9(8,9.5)2.1840.702
BOD520的测定6（4,9）6(4,8)6.5(5.3,8)6(2,8)6(5.8,9)8(8,9)2.4130.660
环境质量评价7（5,9）6(4,9)7(5.3,9.8)6(0,8)8(6,9.3)8(5,9)5.4800.241
环突发环境污染事件及其应急处理讨论8（5,10）8(5,10)8(6.3,8)6(5,10)8(6,10)8(5.5,9)2.6320.621
营养与食品卫生学(n=141)膳食调查与评价8（6,9）7(6,8.5)8(5.3,10)8(6,8)8(6,10)8(8,8.3)8.5160.074
蛋白质测定（凯氏定氮法）7（5,9）6(4,9)9(5.3,10)8(2,9)7(6,8)8(6.8,9.3)3.6480.456
脂肪的测定7（5,9）6(4,8)7.5(6,9.8)2(2,8)7(5,9)8(6.5,9.3)6.4360.169
食物中铁含量测定（分光光度法）7（4,9）6(4,8)8(5.3,9)2(1,10)7(5,8)8.5(6.8,10)7.2810.122
尿中肌酐/维生素C测定6（4,9）6(4,8)8(6.3,9.8)6(2,8)6(6,9)8.5(7.3,9)9.2170.056
油脂POV/AV测定6（4,9）6(4,8)8(4.3,9.8)2(1,8)6(6,9)8.5(5,9)7.4200.115
食物中亚硝酸盐测定（分光光度法）7（5,9）6(4,8.5)8.5(6,9.75)4(2,8)7(6,8)8.5(6.8,9.3)6.2550.181
白酒中甲醇测定（亚硫酸品红分光光度法）6（4,8）6(4,8)8(5.3,9.8)6(2,8)6(4,9)8.5(6.3,9)9.5410.049
牛奶质量分析6（4,9）6(4,8)8.5(4.3,9.8)8(2,8)7(6,9)8(6.5,9)6.9300.140
HACCP讨论6（4,9）6(4,8)8(4,9)3(2,8)8(6,9)8(7,9)9.7640.045
鱼类组胺测定（分光光度法）6（4,9）6(4,8)8.5(5.3,9)2(1,8)6(4,9)8.5(5.5,10)9.0620.060
食物中毒案例讨论8（5,10）8(5,10)9(5.8,9.8)6(3,8)8(7,10)8.5(8,9.3)6.2380.182
卫生理化检验(n=103)空气中氮氧化物的测定（分光光度法）8（6,10）8(6,10)8(7,9)3(2,8)7(6,9)8.5(5,9.8)3.9360.415
酸性高锰酸钾法测定水中化学耗氧量8（6,10）8(6,10)8(6,10)4(2,9)7.5(4,9.8)9(5,9.8)2.8800.578
水中六价铬和总铬（分光光度法）8（6,10）8(6,10)8(6,8)3(2,8)7(6,9.8)9(5,9.8)3.6820.451
直接滴定法测定蜂蜜中还原糖7（5,9）7(4,9)7(6,10)3(2,10)7.5(6,9)9(5,9.8)1.2060.877
ELISA法测定粮食中黄曲霉毒素B18（5,9）7(4,9)7(5,10)3(2,10)8(6,10)8.5(6,9.8)2.7330.604
生物医学实验(n=98)实验动物基本操作技术8（5,10）6(4,9)8(6,10)6.5(4,9)10(8,10)8(7,9)13.7720.008
乐果经口急性毒性测定6（4,9）6(2.3,8)6(4,9)7(6,8)8(6,10)8(6.8,9)10.8600.028
LD50计算8（5,10）6(4,8)6(6,10)7(4,10)9(6,10)9(7,10)10.8640.028
小鼠骨髓多染红细胞微核试验6（4,9）5(2,8)8(4,9)6(4,8)9(6,10)8.5(5,9.3)16.1450.003
小鼠骨髓细胞染色体制备6（4,9）5(2,8)6(5,9)7(6,8)9(6,10)8.5(5.8,9.3)14.9620.005
小鼠精子畸形实验6（4,9）5(2,8)6(5,8)6(5,9)9(6,10)8.5(4.8,9.3)16.3020.003
S9制备6（2,8）4(1,8)6(4,8)5(4,9)7(4,10)8(4.8,9)7.6080.107
毒理学实验设计6（4,9）6(2,8)8(5,10)5(4,6)9(6,10)8(6.5,9)13.4210.009
水中细菌检测7（4,9）6(4,9)6(4,9)7.5(6,9)7(4,10)8.5(7.8,9.3)3.7760.437
空气中细菌检测7（4,9）6(4,9)6(4,9)7.5(6，9)8(5,9)9(7.8,9.3)4.7640.312
粮食中霉菌计数与鉴定7（4,9）6(2,8)5(4,10)4(4,7)7(6,9)8(7,9.3)4.4800.345
公共用品用具、手消毒效果的微生物检验8（4,10）6(4,10)6(4,10)6(4,9)9(6,10)9(7.5,9.3)7.0480.133
公共场所（宾馆）空气中微生物采样方法（虚拟仿真实验）8（5,10）7(4,10)6(4,10)7.5(4,9)9(6,10)9(7.5,10)4.2410.347
儿童少年卫生学(n=101)儿童少年生长发育测量8（6,10）7.5(6,9)6(6,10)7(6,8)9(8,10)9(9,9.8)10.4370.034
儿童少年生长发育评价8（6,10）8(5,10)8(4,10)6(4,7)9(7,10)9(8.3,10)9.3850.052
学生常见健康问题筛查及资料分析8（6,9）7(4,9.3)5(4,10)6(6,8)8(6.5,10)9(9,9)7.7610.101
青少年心理健康与行为问题调查与评价8（6,9）7(4,9)6(5,10)6(6,8)8(6.5,10)9(8.3,9.8)8.5720.073
学习疲劳的测定与评价虚拟仿真实验7（4,9）6(4,8.3)7(4,10)6(5,8)8(6,9.5)9(8,9.8)9.5550.049
学校教室卫生学评价8（5,10)6.3(4,10)5(4,10)6(6,8)8(6.,10)9.5(9,10)10.3530.035
公共卫生技能(n=127)医院消毒效果监测8（6,10）8(4,10)8(5.5,10)8(0,10)9(6,10)9(8,9.3)3.3290.504
卫生处理8（6,10）8(6,10)8(6,9.5)9(0,10)9(6,10)8.5(6,9)1.8550.762
突发公共卫生事件案例讨论8（6,10）8(5.8,10)8(5,9.5)9(6,10)8(8,9)9(7.5,9.3)0.9930.911
传染病流行病学案例讨论8（6,10）8(6,10)8(6,10)9(8,10)8(8,10)9(7.8,10)1.7840.775
慢性非传染病流行病学案例讨论8（6,10）8(4,10)8(6.5,9.5)9(6,10)8(7,10)9(7,9)4.1970.380
防护服穿戴9（6,10）9(7.8,10)8(5.5,10)10(9,10)10(8,10)9(8.8,10)3.7330.443
统计学案例分析与软件实现8（6,10）8(5,10)8(5.5,10)10(9,10)9(8,10)9(8.8,10)8.6670.070
现场检测8（6,10）8(5,10)9(6.5,10)9(4,10)9(8,10)9(8,10)6.2190.183
食品样品采集8（6,10）8(5,10)7(4.5,10)9(0,10)9(8,10)9(7,10)2.3400.674
环境样品采集8（6,10）8(6,10)8(4.5,10)9(0,10)9(8,10)9(8,10)6.8660.143
), ArticleFig(id=1241065995436093784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各实验项目评分情况及秩和检验结果

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课程名称项目得分情况 M（P25,P75）ZP
总体疾病预防控制中心医院基层医疗卫生机构高校其他
职业卫生与职业医学(n=143)实验室安全与职业卫生调查8（6,9）7(5,9)8(6,9)6(3,10)8(6,10)8(5.5,8.5)4.4440.349
职业卫生调查与实践8（6,9）7(6,8)8(5,9)8(4,10)8(6,9)8(6.5,8)1.5520.817
职业中毒案例讨论8（6,9）8(6,8)8(7,9)4(4,9)8(6,10)8(7.5,10)7.7160.103
急性职业中毒的现场调查与处理8（6,9）8(5,9)8(5,10)6(3,9)8(7,10)8(8,8.5)6.2460.182
全血胆碱酯酶测定（分光光度法）6（4,9）6(4,8)8(4,10)2(1.5,10)8(5,10)8(5.5,9)6.1230.190
乘用车内空气中苯系物的检测6（4,8）6(4,8)8(4,9)2(2,9)6(5,8)8(7,9)5.8070.214
粉尘浓度和分散度测定8（6,9）8(5,9)8(6.5,10)7(3.5,9)8(6,9)9(8,9.5)6.9950.136
游离二氧化硅测定8（5,9）6(5,9)8(5,9)3(2,9)8(5,9)8(6,9.5)3.4570.484
职业性有害因素识别与危害评价8（6,9）8(4,9)8(6,9)8(6,9)8(7,10)9(7,10)4.4030.354
职业心理状态调查和评价7（4,9）6(4,8)7(6,8.5)6(5,9)9(4,10)9(6,10)6.2290.183
工作场所物理因素检测8（6,9）8(6,9)8(5,9)6(5,9)8(6,10)8(6,9.5)2.6840.612
职业性尘肺病的诊断8（6,9）7(4,9)8(6,10)6(2,9)8(6,10)9(7.5,10)9.5440.049
环境卫生学(n=141)气象条件测定8（6,9）8(6,10)6.3(4.3,9.8)8(6,8)6.5(5.8,10)9(7.5,9)2.0180.732
空气中二氧化硫测定（分光光度法）7（5,9）7(5,9)7.5(5.3,8.8)2(2,8)7(5,9.3)8(7,9)4.2790.370
大气污染案例讨论8（6,9）8(6,9)8(6.3,9.5)6(6,8)8(6,10)8(7,9.5）3.9780.409
室内空气甲醛浓度测定（分光光度法）8（5,9）8(5,9)8(5.3,8.8)2(2,8)8(6,10)9(8,9)7.6220.106
饮用水消毒8（6,9）8(6,9)7.5(6,9)8(4,8)8(6,10)9(8,9)3.1630.531
水的硬度测定8（6,9）8(6,9)7.5(6,9.8)8(4,9)7(5.8,9.3)9(8,9)2.2580.688
突发生活饮用水污染事件应急处置（虚拟实验）8（6,9）8(5,9)7.5(6.3,9)8(6,8)7.5(6,9)9(8,9.5)2.1840.702
BOD520的测定6（4,9）6(4,8)6.5(5.3,8)6(2,8)6(5.8,9)8(8,9)2.4130.660
环境质量评价7（5,9）6(4,9)7(5.3,9.8)6(0,8)8(6,9.3)8(5,9)5.4800.241
环突发环境污染事件及其应急处理讨论8（5,10）8(5,10)8(6.3,8)6(5,10)8(6,10)8(5.5,9)2.6320.621
营养与食品卫生学(n=141)膳食调查与评价8（6,9）7(6,8.5)8(5.3,10)8(6,8)8(6,10)8(8,8.3)8.5160.074
蛋白质测定（凯氏定氮法）7（5,9）6(4,9)9(5.3,10)8(2,9)7(6,8)8(6.8,9.3)3.6480.456
脂肪的测定7（5,9）6(4,8)7.5(6,9.8)2(2,8)7(5,9)8(6.5,9.3)6.4360.169
食物中铁含量测定（分光光度法）7（4,9）6(4,8)8(5.3,9)2(1,10)7(5,8)8.5(6.8,10)7.2810.122
尿中肌酐/维生素C测定6（4,9）6(4,8)8(6.3,9.8)6(2,8)6(6,9)8.5(7.3,9)9.2170.056
油脂POV/AV测定6（4,9）6(4,8)8(4.3,9.8)2(1,8)6(6,9)8.5(5,9)7.4200.115
食物中亚硝酸盐测定（分光光度法）7（5,9）6(4,8.5)8.5(6,9.75)4(2,8)7(6,8)8.5(6.8,9.3)6.2550.181
白酒中甲醇测定（亚硫酸品红分光光度法）6（4,8）6(4,8)8(5.3,9.8)6(2,8)6(4,9)8.5(6.3,9)9.5410.049
牛奶质量分析6（4,9）6(4,8)8.5(4.3,9.8)8(2,8)7(6,9)8(6.5,9)6.9300.140
HACCP讨论6（4,9）6(4,8)8(4,9)3(2,8)8(6,9)8(7,9)9.7640.045
鱼类组胺测定（分光光度法）6（4,9）6(4,8)8.5(5.3,9)2(1,8)6(4,9)8.5(5.5,10)9.0620.060
食物中毒案例讨论8（5,10）8(5,10)9(5.8,9.8)6(3,8)8(7,10)8.5(8,9.3)6.2380.182
卫生理化检验(n=103)空气中氮氧化物的测定（分光光度法）8（6,10）8(6,10)8(7,9)3(2,8)7(6,9)8.5(5,9.8)3.9360.415
酸性高锰酸钾法测定水中化学耗氧量8（6,10）8(6,10)8(6,10)4(2,9)7.5(4,9.8)9(5,9.8)2.8800.578
水中六价铬和总铬（分光光度法）8（6,10）8(6,10)8(6,8)3(2,8)7(6,9.8)9(5,9.8)3.6820.451
直接滴定法测定蜂蜜中还原糖7（5,9）7(4,9)7(6,10)3(2,10)7.5(6,9)9(5,9.8)1.2060.877
ELISA法测定粮食中黄曲霉毒素B18（5,9）7(4,9)7(5,10)3(2,10)8(6,10)8.5(6,9.8)2.7330.604
生物医学实验(n=98)实验动物基本操作技术8（5,10）6(4,9)8(6,10)6.5(4,9)10(8,10)8(7,9)13.7720.008
乐果经口急性毒性测定6（4,9）6(2.3,8)6(4,9)7(6,8)8(6,10)8(6.8,9)10.8600.028
LD50计算8（5,10）6(4,8)6(6,10)7(4,10)9(6,10)9(7,10)10.8640.028
小鼠骨髓多染红细胞微核试验6（4,9）5(2,8)8(4,9)6(4,8)9(6,10)8.5(5,9.3)16.1450.003
小鼠骨髓细胞染色体制备6（4,9）5(2,8)6(5,9)7(6,8)9(6,10)8.5(5.8,9.3)14.9620.005
小鼠精子畸形实验6（4,9）5(2,8)6(5,8)6(5,9)9(6,10)8.5(4.8,9.3)16.3020.003
S9制备6（2,8）4(1,8)6(4,8)5(4,9)7(4,10)8(4.8,9)7.6080.107
毒理学实验设计6（4,9）6(2,8)8(5,10)5(4,6)9(6,10)8(6.5,9)13.4210.009
水中细菌检测7（4,9）6(4,9)6(4,9)7.5(6,9)7(4,10)8.5(7.8,9.3)3.7760.437
空气中细菌检测7（4,9）6(4,9)6(4,9)7.5(6，9)8(5,9)9(7.8,9.3)4.7640.312
粮食中霉菌计数与鉴定7（4,9）6(2,8)5(4,10)4(4,7)7(6,9)8(7,9.3)4.4800.345
公共用品用具、手消毒效果的微生物检验8（4,10）6(4,10)6(4,10)6(4,9)9(6,10)9(7.5,9.3)7.0480.133
公共场所（宾馆）空气中微生物采样方法（虚拟仿真实验）8（5,10）7(4,10)6(4,10)7.5(4,9)9(6,10)9(7.5,10)4.2410.347
儿童少年卫生学(n=101)儿童少年生长发育测量8（6,10）7.5(6,9)6(6,10)7(6,8)9(8,10)9(9,9.8)10.4370.034
儿童少年生长发育评价8（6,10）8(5,10)8(4,10)6(4,7)9(7,10)9(8.3,10)9.3850.052
学生常见健康问题筛查及资料分析8（6,9）7(4,9.3)5(4,10)6(6,8)8(6.5,10)9(9,9)7.7610.101
青少年心理健康与行为问题调查与评价8（6,9）7(4,9)6(5,10)6(6,8)8(6.5,10)9(8.3,9.8)8.5720.073
学习疲劳的测定与评价虚拟仿真实验7（4,9）6(4,8.3)7(4,10)6(5,8)8(6,9.5)9(8,9.8)9.5550.049
学校教室卫生学评价8（5,10)6.3(4,10)5(4,10)6(6,8)8(6.,10)9.5(9,10)10.3530.035
公共卫生技能(n=127)医院消毒效果监测8（6,10）8(4,10)8(5.5,10)8(0,10)9(6,10)9(8,9.3)3.3290.504
卫生处理8（6,10）8(6,10)8(6,9.5)9(0,10)9(6,10)8.5(6,9)1.8550.762
突发公共卫生事件案例讨论8（6,10）8(5.8,10)8(5,9.5)9(6,10)8(8,9)9(7.5,9.3)0.9930.911
传染病流行病学案例讨论8（6,10）8(6,10)8(6,10)9(8,10)8(8,10)9(7.8,10)1.7840.775
慢性非传染病流行病学案例讨论8（6,10）8(4,10)8(6.5,9.5)9(6,10)8(7,10)9(7,9)4.1970.380
防护服穿戴9（6,10）9(7.8,10)8(5.5,10)10(9,10)10(8,10)9(8.8,10)3.7330.443
统计学案例分析与软件实现8（6,10）8(5,10)8(5.5,10)10(9,10)9(8,10)9(8.8,10)8.6670.070
现场检测8（6,10）8(5,10)9(6.5,10)9(4,10)9(8,10)9(8,10)6.2190.183
食品样品采集8（6,10）8(5,10)7(4.5,10)9(0,10)9(8,10)9(7,10)2.3400.674
环境样品采集8（6,10）8(6,10)8(4.5,10)9(0,10)9(8,10)9(8,10)6.8660.143
), ArticleFig(id=1241065995574505822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Grading distribution ofmain unit types and Chi-square test results[n（%）]

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课程分类单位ABCχ2P
综合实践类疾病预防控制中心b1448(52.1)544(19.6)789(28.4)93.210.00
医院b194(56.4)67(19.5)83(24.1)
基层医疗卫生机构b57(49.6)32(27.8)26(22.6)
高校a530(68.0)150(19.3)99(12.7)
经典实验操作类疾病预防控制中心b1121(43.1)538(20.7)940(36.2)102.810.00
医院a175(52.7)76(22.9)81(24.4)
基层医疗卫生机构b41(41.0)11(11.0)48(48.0)
高校a400(50.5）234(29.5)158(19.9)
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主要单位类型评分等级分布及卡方检验结果[n（%）]

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课程分类单位ABCχ2P
综合实践类疾病预防控制中心b1448(52.1)544(19.6)789(28.4)93.210.00
医院b194(56.4)67(19.5)83(24.1)
基层医疗卫生机构b57(49.6)32(27.8)26(22.6)
高校a530(68.0)150(19.3)99(12.7)
经典实验操作类疾病预防控制中心b1121(43.1)538(20.7)940(36.2)102.810.00
医院a175(52.7)76(22.9)81(24.4)
基层医疗卫生机构b41(41.0)11(11.0)48(48.0)
高校a400(50.5）234(29.5)158(19.9)
), ArticleFig(id=1241065995847135600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Results of expert interviews

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课程名称建议增加的课程内容
《职业卫生与职业医学》新型职业危害因素的检测与评价、职业工程学内容、工作场所中化学危害因素的检测等
《环境卫生学》水、土壤、空气等的采用方法和检测方法模拟实验设计等
《食品卫生学》色谱法的应用、相关物质测定使用最新的仪器和方法等
《卫生理化检验》气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法和联用技术等
《生物医学实验》细菌种类鉴定、临床微生物检测等
《儿童少年卫生学》学校卫生问题相关实验、儿童近视的预防干预、儿童心理学等
《公共卫生技能》现场急性中毒应急处置、现场实践/模拟演练等
), ArticleFig(id=1241065995939410294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065986372203344, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

专家访谈结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
课程名称建议增加的课程内容
《职业卫生与职业医学》新型职业危害因素的检测与评价、职业工程学内容、工作场所中化学危害因素的检测等
《环境卫生学》水、土壤、空气等的采用方法和检测方法模拟实验设计等
《食品卫生学》色谱法的应用、相关物质测定使用最新的仪器和方法等
《卫生理化检验》气相色谱法、高效液相色谱法和联用技术等
《生物医学实验》细菌种类鉴定、临床微生物检测等
《儿童少年卫生学》学校卫生问题相关实验、儿童近视的预防干预、儿童心理学等
《公共卫生技能》现场急性中毒应急处置、现场实践/模拟演练等
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“新医科”背景下预防医学本科专业核心课实验教学项目的调查研究
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谭雪梅 1, 2 , 肖虹 1 , 程淑群 1 , 张雪梅 2 , 蒋学君 2 , 陈玲 2 , 汪洋 2 , 秦启忠 2
现代预防医学 | 人才培养 2025,52(4): 762-768
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现代预防医学 | 人才培养 2025, 52(4): 762-768
“新医科”背景下预防医学本科专业核心课实验教学项目的调查研究
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谭雪梅1, 2, 肖虹1, 程淑群1, 张雪梅2, 蒋学君2, 陈玲2, 汪洋2, 秦启忠2
作者信息
  • 1.重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆 401331
  • 2.重庆医科大学实验教学管理中心

    • 谭雪梅（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：公共卫生

通讯作者:

秦启忠，E-mail：
Investigation on the experimental teaching project of the core course of preventive medicine under the background of “new medicine”
Xue-mei TAN1, 2, Hong XIAO1, Shu-qun CHENG1, Xue-mei ZHANG2, Xue-jun JIANG2, Ling CHEN2, Yang WANG2, Qi-zhong QIN2
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410333
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摘要
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目的

探讨“新医科”背景下预防医学本科专业核心课实验教学课程项目的合理设置。

方法

采用自制问卷对医疗机构和高校的专业人员就预防医学核心实验课程熟悉程度、评分情况等进行调查，并进行统计分析；针对赋分较低的实验项目和用人单位推荐增加的实验项目进行专家访谈，探讨合理的预防医学核心课实验教学项目。

结果

本次调查共收集218份有效问卷。《公共卫生技能》多数实验项目总体得分超过8分，各单位赋分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；其余预防医学实验课程的实验项目总体得分超过6分，且疾病预防控制中心与基层医疗卫生机构对经典实验操作类的实验项目赋分相较于其他单位较低（P<0.05）；经整理问卷开放性问题和专家访谈，各用人单位拟推荐增加现场应急处置、实践操作类实验项目。

结论

目前预防医学本科专业核心课实验教学项目设置较合理。预防医学本科专业核心课中经典实验操作类实验项目与综合实践类实验项目的合理设置值得研究。

新医科  /  预防医学  /  实验教学
Objective

To explore the reasonable setting of the experimental teaching project of the core course of undergraduate preventive medicine under the background of "new medicine".

Methods

A questionnaire was used to investigate the familiarity and score of the core experimental courses of preventive medicine among professionals in medical institutions and universities, and the results were statistically analyzed. Interviews with experts were conducted for experimental projects with low scores and those recommended by employers to explore reasonable experimental teaching projects for core courses of preventive medicine.

Results

A total of 218 valid questionnaires were collected. The overall score of most experimental items in "Public Health Skills" was more than 8 points, and there was no significant difference in scores among different units (P>0.05). The overall score of the experimental items of the other preventive medicine experimental courses was more than 6 points, and the scores of the classical experimental operation experimental items of the CDC and the primary medical and health institutions were lower than those of other units (P<0.05). After sorting out the open questions in the questionnaire and interviews with experts, each employer intended to recommend adding experimental projects of on-site emergency handling and practical operation.

Conclusion

At present, the experimental teaching project of the core course of the undergraduate specialty of preventive medicine is reasonable. The reasonable setting of classic experimental operation experimental items and comprehensive practical experimental items in the core courses of undergraduate preventive medicine is worth studying.

New medical science  /  Preventive medicine  /  Experimental teaching
谭雪梅, 肖虹, 程淑群, 张雪梅, 蒋学君, 陈玲, 汪洋, 秦启忠. “新医科”背景下预防医学本科专业核心课实验教学项目的调查研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (4) : 762 -768 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410333
Xue-mei TAN, Hong XIAO, Shu-qun CHENG, Xue-mei ZHANG, Xue-jun JIANG, Ling CHEN, Yang WANG, Qi-zhong QIN. Investigation on the experimental teaching project of the core course of preventive medicine under the background of “new medicine”[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (4) : 762 -768 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410333
正文
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教育部2018年提出新医科理念，强调生命健康全周期医学。此背景下，医疗机构亟需具有理论联系实际、分析与解决问题、创新及团队协作能力的高素质复合型人才，这给传统医学教学模式提出新挑战[1]。实验教学作为理论教学的有机补充，是培养学生实践、创新能力等的重要环节，在医学高等教育中不可替代[2-3]。
探讨预防医学专业核心课实验教学项目的合理设置，旨在提高预防医学本科教学质量，以适应新医科背景下社会对公共卫生复合型人才的需求[4-6]。当前，预防医学本科专业核心课实验教学项目设置与社会发展需求存在一定差距。以本校预防医学本科专业为例：①现开展的部分实验项目较为陈旧；②以验证性居多，与社会发展相适应的应用型实验项目较少；③现有实验项目难以培养针对重大环境污染事故、重大传染病等突发公共卫生事件的应急处置能力[7-8]。
针对上述问题，本研究梳理现有预防医学专业核心课实验教学项目，通过问卷调查了解对口用人单位、高校等对预防医学本科专业素养要求，并咨询业内专家，结合专业培养目标，对现有实验项目进行调整。
1　研究对象和方法
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1.1　研究对象
本研究以疾病预防控中心、医院等对口用人单位和高校的专业人员为调查对象，按Kendall样本估计法，采用方便抽样。纳入标准：①均在岗工作，非退休人员；②均知晓此次调查内容，并自愿参加；③无精神病史。排除标准：未按要求填写问卷，问卷质量不合格。共收到有效问卷218份。（详见图1）
1.2　问卷调查
梳理现有预防医学专业核心课实验教学项目，经预调查及专家咨询，确定调查问卷，其内容包括调查对象的基本情况（性别、年龄、专业、就业情况、就业单位、工作年限等）、对实验课程及实验项目熟悉程度（不熟悉、一般、熟悉、非常熟悉）、对实验项目赋分（0~10分）等。
1.3　定性访谈
查阅相关文献，结合预调查结果，制作访谈稿，访谈内容包括对实验项目的认可度、是否更新方法以及对课程内容提出建议等。根据调查课程内容属性，采用目的性抽样方法对21名分别来自疾病预防控制中心、医院、基层医疗卫生中心、高校的业内专家进行访谈。访谈对象纳入标准：①虽然已离职但具有卫生领域的工作经历，或目前在医疗卫生领域仍处于在职状态（包括但不限于医疗卫生机构与公共卫生机构）；②均具有高级职称；③工作年限≥10年[9]。
1.4　质量控制
根据调查目的查阅文献和参考标准化问卷，经预调查及专家意见修改完善，最终确定调查内容和方法。严格按照纳入排除标准收集问卷，该问卷信效度分别为Cronbach系数>0.7，KMO值>0.9，信效度良好，数据可信。
1.5　统计学分析
使用Excel软件和SPSS 26.0软件整理与分析数据。排除调查对象中不熟悉的数据。采用柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米诺夫（K-S）检验方法对计量资料进行正态性检验，不符合正态性检验的计量资料用中位数（四分位数）进行表示，采用秩和检验和卡方检验进行比较。计数资料采用n（%）表示。检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　基本情况
共调查对象218人（详见表1）。调查对象对各课程熟悉的人数占比较多（详见表2）
2.2　调查对象对各课程实验项目赋分情况
排除调查对象对各课程实验项目不熟悉的数据，各实验项目的赋分经柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米诺夫（K-S）检验均不符合正态分布，对数据进行秩和检验：《生物医学实验》中实验动物基本操作技术、小鼠精子畸形实验和毒理学实验设计等项目中，在疾病预防控制中心和高校的分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；《儿童少年卫生学》的研究结果显示学校教室卫生学评价在疾病预防控制中心和高校的分布差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)（详见表3）。
将全部项目分为综合实践类和经典实验操作类，且对得分X进行评级，合计各单位的等级分布情况，对数据进行卡方检验：高校对综合实践类的实验项目赋分相较于其他单位较高（P<0.05）；疾病预防控制中心和基层医疗卫生机构对经典实验操作类的实验项目赋分相较于其他单位较低（P<0.05）（详见表4）。
2.3　专家访谈结果
经专家访谈，应当强化统计软件应用、统计学实践训练，纳入常见急性传染病的快速筛查技术、病毒基因测序等前沿领域，并积极与公共卫生部门建立合作。此外，专家建议要及时按国家标准或行业标准更新相关实验方法，深化对基础理论的理解与专业应用知识的掌握。在条件允许的情况下，灵活运用虚拟仿真技术或现场教学视频作为补充手段，以确保教育内容与社会发展需求相匹配，推动实验教学质量的全面提升（详见表5）。
3　讨论
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在本次调查中，各实验项目的评分中位数都在6至8分，表明了课程项目在一定程度上能贴合各单位多元化的需求。《公共卫生技能》的项目评分中位数均为8分以上，显示了该课程在公共卫生教育体系中的重要性。面对全球化进程加速与人口规模持续扩张所带来的公共卫生挑战[10]，该课程通过系统识别、分析与应对策略，展现了极高的实用性与时代紧迫性。在《生物医学实验》和《儿童少年卫生学》课程中的某些项目中，高校评分普遍偏高，这一结果反映了高校在实验技能与理论结合能力上有着更高的标准与期待。同时疾病预防控制中心和基层医疗卫生机构对经典实验操作类的实验项目赋分相较于其他单位较低，也暴露出两者对实验室能力要求较低。熊勇超等对贵州省和河南省4家县级疾控中心实验室进行问卷调查发现，实验室设备投入不足，缺乏高效管理，地方财政缺少专项经费、实验室设备采购进展慢、实验室设备闲置与重复配置等[11]。也有相关研究指出，基层医疗卫生机构存在一些经济运行方面的问题,包括收支结余少、人员经费紧张、机构发展经费有限等[12-14]。经典实验操作性的实验项目往往需要一定的专业知识和操作技能，由于资金有限基层医疗机构可能缺乏具备这些技能和知识的专业人员以及实验项目的开发与研究[15]。
在调查的实验课程项目中，乘用车内空气中苯系物的检测、脂肪的测定、油脂POV/AV测定等课程项目评分偏低。与专家讨论，适当对课程内容、教学方法等进行调整，保留基本技能训练的经典实验项目，尝试更新部分可升级检测方法的实验项目，增加现场应急处置、实践操作类实验项目，淘汰过时、或涉及剧毒、易燃易爆等危险性高的实验项目。
4　结论
收起
在本次的调查研究中发现，各实验项目评分中位数均在6~8分，提示项目设置较为合理，能够一定程度满足各个单位的需求。针对一些分数相对较低的实验项目和建议增设的实验项目，经专家访谈，适当对课程进行调整，力求每一个教学环节能够更加贴近实际，更加高效地促进学生知识与技能的双重提升，以培养出更好的公共卫生人才。
基金
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  • 重庆医科大学教育教学改革研究项目(JY20230333)
文献
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2025年第52卷第4期
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文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410333
  • 接收时间：2024-10-22
  • 首发时间：2026-03-18
  • 出版时间：2025-02-25
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  • 收稿日期：2024-10-22
基金
重庆医科大学教育教学改革研究项目(JY20230333)
作者信息
    1.重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆 401331
    2.重庆医科大学实验教学管理中心

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
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Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
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Percentage of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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