Article(id=1241065984388297525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1728662400000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773822788568, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773822788568, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773822788568, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822788568, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241065978004557893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='4', pageStart='577', pageEnd='768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773822787047, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773823194927, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241067688831808347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241067688831808348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=697, endPage=702, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241065984761590588, articleId=1241065984388297525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Longitudinal mediating role of loneliness and social participation in the impact of socioeconomic status on cognitive level in older adults, columnId=1228016572451718132, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health and Social Behavior, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the influence of socioeconomic status on cognitive level and the longitudinal mediating role of loneliness and social participation among the elderly.

Methods

A total of 2 060 research samples were included in the 2011, 2014 and 2018 longitudinal data of the China Elderly Health Influencing Factors Longitudinal Survey (CLHLS), and the data were analyzed using cross-lagged mediation model.

Results

There was a positive correlation between the pre-test socioeconomic status and the post-test cognitive level of the elderly, and the association was statistically significant (β=1.048, P<0.001). The results of 95% of the bootstrap mediating effect test showed that the longitudinal mediating effect of loneliness in the elderly between socioeconomic status and cognition was insignificant -0.004 (-0.012-0.004). The socioeconomic status of the elderly indirectly positively affected the cognitive level by positively affecting social participation 0.022 (0.009-0.036), and the mediating effect was 33.06%. The longitudinal chain mediating effect between loneliness and social participation between socioeconomic status and cognition was significantly 0.010(0.002-0.019), and the mediating effect was 21.03%.

Conclusion

The socioeconomic status of the elderly affects the cognitive level, the social participation of the elderly is the mediating variable of the socioeconomic status affecting the cognitive level,and there is a chain mediating effect between economic status and cognitive level in the elderly's loneliness and social participation. In the future prevention of cognitive dysfunction in older adults, special attention should be paid to the impact of socioeconomic status loneliness, and social participation.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Ze-yuan LI, Le YANG, Yu-ting GUO, Jing-min CHENG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241065986862936949, articleId=1241065984388297525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=孤独感和社会参与在老年人社会经济地位对认知水平影响中的纵向中介作用, columnId=1228016572640461823, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=健康与社会行为, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨老年人社会经济地位对认知水平的影响及孤独感和社会参与的纵向中介作用。

方法

使用中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据(CLHLS)2011、2014、2018年三期追踪数据,纳入研究样本2 060份,使用交叉滞后中介模型分析数据。

结果

老年人前测的社会经济地位与后测的认知水平间呈正向关联,关联具有统计学意义(β=1.048,P <0.001)。95% bootstrap中介效应检验结果显示,老年人孤独感在社会经济地位与认知之间的纵向中介效应不显著 -0.004(-0.012~0.004),老年人社会经济地位通过正向影响社会参与间接正向影响认知水平0.022(0.009~0.036),中介效应量为33.06%。老年人孤独感和社会参与在社会经济地位与认知之间的纵向链式中介效应显著0.010(0.002~0.019),中介效应量为21.03%。

结论

老年人社会经济地位影响其认知水平,老年人社会参与是社会经济地位影响认知水平的纵向中介变量,老年人孤独感和社会参与在经济地位和认知水平间有链式中介作用。在未来预防老年人认知功能障碍的过程中,应特别关注社会经济地位、孤独感和社会参与的影响。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
杨乐,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=8EbtMhQWZf4h4DwP+txBUA==, magXml=H/aFVQUOixkx57spNX6N9A==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=+vraV5fQ9u/9TFxjHi+B6A==, pdfFileSize=777771, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=6Kx28JckxmpMKSiDcDO9Jg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=f8Ufop2f34vl3wSb537ouA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

李泽远(2000—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

, authorsList=李泽远, 杨乐, 郭玉婷, 程景民)}, authors=[Author(id=1241065987399807906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065987521442731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, authorId=1241065987399807906, language=EN, stringName=Ze-yuan LI, firstName=Ze-yuan, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065987617911736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, authorId=1241065987399807906, language=CN, stringName=李泽远, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001, bio={"content":"

李泽远(2000—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

李泽远(2000—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065987131372423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987148149641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987160732556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001)])]), Author(id=1241065987756323775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yangle05@hotmail.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065987978621908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, authorId=1241065987756323775, language=EN, stringName=Le YANG, firstName=Le, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065988129616864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, authorId=1241065987756323775, language=CN, stringName=杨乐, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001
2.山西医科大学卫生管理与政策研究中心, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065987131372423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987148149641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987160732556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241065987290755991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987299144601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987290755991, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山西医科大学卫生管理与政策研究中心)])]), Author(id=1241065988226085864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065988360303604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, authorId=1241065988226085864, language=EN, stringName=Yu-ting GUO, firstName=Yu-ting, middleName=null, lastName=GUO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065988490327036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, authorId=1241065988226085864, language=CN, stringName=郭玉婷, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065987131372423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987148149641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987160732556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001)])]), Author(id=1241065988632932366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241065988737789980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, authorId=1241065988632932366, language=EN, stringName=Jing-min CHENG, firstName=Jing-min, middleName=null, lastName=CHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241065988838453286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, authorId=1241065988632932366, language=CN, stringName=程景民, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001
2.山西医科大学卫生管理与政策研究中心, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065987131372423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987148149641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987160732556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241065987290755991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987299144601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987290755991, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山西医科大学卫生管理与政策研究中心)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241065988981059633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Elderly), Keyword(id=1241065990511980606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Socioeconomic status), Keyword(id=1241065990637809735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Loneliness), Keyword(id=1241065990834942037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Social participation), Keyword(id=1241065990943993952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Cognition), Keyword(id=1241065991069823082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=老年人), Keyword(id=1241065991204040820, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=社会经济地位), Keyword(id=1241065991317287041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=孤独感), Keyword(id=1241065991413756042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=社会参与), Keyword(id=1241065991535390871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=认知)], refs=[Reference(id=1241065993104060694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=27, issue=19, pageStart=2382, pageEnd=2387, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=陈俊利, 王璐, 任建学, journalName=中国全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈俊利,王璐,任建学,等.健康老龄化背景下我国城乡居民基本养老保险空间分布及影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学2024, 27(19):2382-2387., articleTitle=健康老龄化背景下我国城乡居民基本养老保险空间分布及影响因素研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065993217306911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=27, issue=19, pageStart=2382, pageEnd=2387, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Chen JL, Wang L, Ren JX, journalName=Chinese General Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen JL, Wang L, Ren JX, et al. Study on the spatial distribution and influencing factors of basic endowment insurance for Uban and rural residents in China under the background of healthy aging[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(19): 2382-2387. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Study on the spatial distribution and influencing factors of basic endowment insurance for Uban and rural residents in China under the background of healthy aging, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065993305387304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=5, issue=12, pageStart=e661, pageEnd=e671, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Jia LF, Du YF, Chu L, journalName=The Lancet. Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jia LF, Du YF, Chu L, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older in China: a cross-sectional study[J]. The Lancet. Public Health, 2020, 5(12): e661-e671., articleTitle=Prevalence, risk factors, and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older in China: a cross-sectional study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065993389273391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=18, pageEnd=22, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=葛怀举, 董士红, 官为民, journalName=公共卫生与预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=葛怀举,董士红,官为民,等.我国中老年人认知功能在文化水平和抑郁症状间的中介效应[J].公共卫生与预防医学2024, 35(3):18-22., articleTitle=我国中老年人认知功能在文化水平和抑郁症状间的中介效应, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065993510908215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=35, issue=3, pageStart=18, pageEnd=22, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Ge HJ, Dong SH, Guan WM, journalName=Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ge HJ, Dong SH, Guan WM, et al. Mediating effects of cognitive function on the relationship between literacy level and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderlypeople in China[J]. Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, 2024, 35(3): 18-22. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Mediating effects of cognitive function on the relationship between literacy level and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderlypeople in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065995012469057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=67, issue=6, pageStart=1292, pageEnd=1301, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Wu J, Hu Y, Perlin MH, journalName=Science China. Life Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu J, Hu Y, Perlin MH, et al. Landscape of global urban environmental resistome and its association with local socioeconomic and medical status[J]. Science China. Life Sciences, 2024, 67(6): 1292-1301., articleTitle=Landscape of global urban environmental resistome and its association with local socioeconomic and medical status, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065995155075398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=2, pageStart=145, pageEnd=148, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=6, authorNames=段棣飞, 马登艳, 陈懿, journalName=中国健康教育, refType=null, unstructuredReference=段棣飞,马登艳,陈懿,等.健康社会决定因素概念框架及其运用在卫生保健领域的研究进展[J].中国健康教育2021, 37(2):145-148., articleTitle=健康社会决定因素概念框架及其运用在卫生保健领域的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065995297681744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=2, pageStart=145, pageEnd=148, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Duan DF, Ma DY, Chen Y, journalName=Chinese Journal of Health Education, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Duan DF, Ma DY, Chen Y, et al. Research progress on conceptual frameworks of social determinants of health and its application in the healthcare field[J]. Chinese Journal of Health Education, 2021, 37(2): 145-148. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress on conceptual frameworks of social determinants of health and its application in the healthcare field, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065995436093783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=29, issue=4, pageStart=666, pageEnd=686, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Williams BD, Pendleton N, Chandola T, journalName=Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Williams BD, Pendleton N, Chandola T. Does the association between cognition and education differ between older adults with gradual or rapid trajectories of cognitive decline?[J]. Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 2021, 29(4): 666-686., articleTitle=Does the association between cognition and education differ between older adults with gradual or rapid trajectories of cognitive decline?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065995582894433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=20, issue=8, pageStart=5674, pageEnd=5683, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Huang QM, Zhang PD, Shen D, journalName=Alzheimer’s & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang QM, Zhang PD, Shen D, et al. Analysis of changes in social isolation,loneliness,or both,and subsequent cognitive function among older adults:Findings from a nationwide cohort study[J]. Alzheimer’s & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association, 2024, 20(8): 5674-5683., articleTitle=Analysis of changes in social isolation,loneliness,or both,and subsequent cognitive function among older adults:Findings from a nationwide cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065995721306473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=19, issue=23, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Delgado-Losada ML, Bouhaben J, Arroyo-Pardo E, journalName=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Delgado-Losada ML, Bouhaben J, Arroyo-Pardo E, et al. Loneliness,depression,and genetics in the elderly:prognostic factors of a worse health condition?[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, 19(23): 15456., articleTitle=Loneliness,depression,and genetics in the elderly:prognostic factors of a worse health condition?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065995847135599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1986, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Bourdieu P, Richardson J, journalName=Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bourdieu P. The forms of capital. In Richardson J.(Ed.) Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education[M]. New York: Greenwood Press, 1986., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065995943604601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=17, issue=2, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Kim J, Park GR, Namkung EH, journalName=Disability and Health Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kim J, Park GR, Namkung EH. The link between disability and social participation revisited: Heterogeneity by type of social participation and by socioeconomic status[J]. Disability and Health Journal, 2023, 17(2): 101543., articleTitle=The link between disability and social participation revisited: Heterogeneity by type of social participation and by socioeconomic status, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065996073628034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=28, issue=10, pageStart=2927, pageEnd=2937, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Rochelle TL, journalName=Psychology Health & Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rochelle TL. Social participation,loneliness and well-being among older adults in Hong Kong: a longitudinal examination[J]. Psychology Health & Medicine, 2023, 28(10): 2927-2937., articleTitle=Social participation,loneliness and well-being among older adults in Hong Kong: a longitudinal examination, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065996312703375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=1, pageStart=668, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Xu X, Zhao Y, Wu B, journalName=BMC Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu X, Zhao Y, Wu B, et al. Association between tooth loss and frailty among Chinese older adults: the mediating role of dietary diversity[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2023, 23(1): 668., articleTitle=Association between tooth loss and frailty among Chinese older adults: the mediating role of dietary diversity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065996467892636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=27, issue=4, pageStart=177, pageEnd=187, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Zhang ZX, Zahner GEP, Román GC, journalName=Neuroepidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang ZX, Zahner GEP, Román GC, et al. Socio-demographic variation of dementia subtypes in China: Methodology and results of a prevalence study in Beijing, Chengdu, Shanghai, and Xian[J]. Neuroepidemiology, 2006, 27(4): 177-187., articleTitle=Socio-demographic variation of dementia subtypes in China: Methodology and results of a prevalence study in Beijing, Chengdu, Shanghai, and Xian, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065996602110371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=72, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Raufirad V, Heidari Q, Ghorbani J, journalName=Ecological Informatics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Raufirad V, Heidari Q, Ghorbani J. Comparing socioeconomic vulnerability index and land cover indices: Application of fuzzy TOPSIS model and geographic information system[J]. Ecological Informatics, 2022, 72: 101917., articleTitle=Comparing socioeconomic vulnerability index and land cover indices: Application of fuzzy TOPSIS model and geographic information system, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065996774076846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=1419, issue=null, pageStart=73, pageEnd=81, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Liu C, Li X, journalName=Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu C, Li X. The mechanism of socioeconomic status effects on cognition[J]. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2023, 1419: 73-81., articleTitle=The mechanism of socioeconomic status effects on cognition, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065996904100275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=50, issue=2, pageStart=334, pageEnd=339, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=18, authorNames=韩谭倩, 韩梅, journalName=现代预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=韩谭倩,韩梅.我国老年人社交和智力活动在社会经济地位与认知功能间的中介效应[J].现代预防医学2023, 50(2):334-339., articleTitle=我国老年人社交和智力活动在社会经济地位与认知功能间的中介效应, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065997000569272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=50, issue=2, pageStart=334, pageEnd=339, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Han TQ, Han M, journalName=Modern Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Han TQ, Han M. The mediation effect of social and intellectual activities in socioeconomic status and cognitive function in China[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2023, 50(2): 334-339. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The mediation effect of social and intellectual activities in socioeconomic status and cognitive function in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065997076066750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=44, issue=4, pageStart=989, pageEnd=996, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=20, authorNames=方杰, 温忠麟, 邱皓政, journalName=心理科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=方杰,温忠麟,邱皓政.纵向数据的中介效应分析[J].心理科学2021, 44(4):989-996., articleTitle=纵向数据的中介效应分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065997172535747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=44, issue=4, pageStart=989, pageEnd=996, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Fang J, Wen ZL, Qiu HZ, journalName=Journal of Psychological Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fang J, Wen ZL, Qiu HZ. Mediation analysis of longitudinal data[J]. Journal of Psychological Science, 2021, 44(4): 989-996. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Mediation analysis of longitudinal data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065997277393354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=1, pageStart=499, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Ran X, Zhang X, Gong W, journalName=BMC Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ran X, Zhang X, Gong W, et al. The association between socioeconomic status perception and mental health among Chinese older adults: the mediating roles of social trust and justice[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2024, 24(1): 499., articleTitle=The association between socioeconomic status perception and mental health among Chinese older adults: the mediating roles of social trust and justice, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065997386445264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=79, issue=5, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Morita A, Fujiwara T, Murayama H, journalName=The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Morita A, Fujiwara T, Murayama H, et al. Association between trajectory of socioeconomic position and regional brain volumes related to dementia: Results from the NEIGE Study[J]. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2024, 79(5): glad269., articleTitle=Association between trajectory of socioeconomic position and regional brain volumes related to dementia: Results from the NEIGE Study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065997503885782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=1, pageStart=361, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Sánahez-Morenoe S, Gallardo-Peraltal G, Barrónlópez DRA, journalName=BMC Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sánahez-Morenoe S, Gallardo-Peraltal G, Barrónlópez DRA, et al. Socioeconomic status, loneliness, and depression among older adults: a cross-sectional study in Spain[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2024, 24(1): 361., articleTitle=Socioeconomic status, loneliness, and depression among older adults: a cross-sectional study in Spain, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065997625520603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=29, issue=12, pageStart=3962, pageEnd=3967, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Verkhratsky A, Zorec R, journalName=Molecular Psychiatry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Verkhratsky A, Zorec R. Neuroglia in cognitive reserve[J]. Molecular Psychiatry, 2024, 29(12): 3962-3967., articleTitle=Neuroglia in cognitive reserve, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065997768126947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=12, issue=1, pageStart=344, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Cruz GV, Rochat L, Liberacka-Dwojak M, journalName=BMC Psychology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cruz GV, Rochat L, Liberacka-Dwojak M, et al. Validation of the English version of the Multidimensional Mentalizing Questionnaire (MMQ)[J]. BMC Psychology, 2024, 12(1): 344., articleTitle=Validation of the English version of the Multidimensional Mentalizing Questionnaire (MMQ), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065997889761773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=40, issue=7, pageStart=1005, pageEnd=1008, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=27, authorNames=杨树慧, 段美雯, 杨洁, journalName=职业与健康, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨树慧,段美雯,杨洁,等.随迁老人孤独感现状及影响因素的研究进展[J].职业与健康2024, 40(7):1005-1008., articleTitle=随迁老人孤独感现状及影响因素的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065998011396597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=40, issue=7, pageStart=1005, pageEnd=1008, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Yang SH, Duan MW, Yang J, journalName=Occupation and Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang SH, Duan MW, Yang J, et al. Research progress on status and influencing factors of loneliness in the elderly migrants[J]. Occupation and Health, 2024, 40(7): 1005-1008. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress on status and influencing factors of loneliness in the elderly migrants, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241065999538123256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=171, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Brush CJ, Kallen AM, Meynadasy MA, journalName=Biological psychology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Brush CJ, Kallen AM, Meynadasy MA, et al. The P300, loneliness, and depression in older adults[J]. Biological psychology, 2022, 171: 108339., articleTitle=The P300, loneliness, and depression in older adults, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241065992957260040, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, awardId=72204152, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(72204152), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241065987131372423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987148149641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987160732556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987131372423, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241065987290755991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241065987299144601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, companyId=1241065987290755991, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山西医科大学卫生管理与政策研究中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241065991686385830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Theoretical framework of mediating effect, figureFileSmall=qgLOXkmuOqZBM95G7riSlg==, figureFileBig=6Kx28JckxmpMKSiDcDO9Jg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241065991787049134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, label=图1, caption=中介效应理论框架, figureFileSmall=qgLOXkmuOqZBM95G7riSlg==, figureFileBig=6Kx28JckxmpMKSiDcDO9Jg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241065992034513094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Cross-lag mediation model, figureFileSmall=37hmIkiSRF3msV16jF55uQ==, figureFileBig=+DJ3MhqlaCOXtos251A3qQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241065992172925132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, label=图2, caption=交叉滞后中介模型

(模型控制了老年人年龄、性别、婚姻状况、吸烟状况、饮酒状况、慢性疾病及变量间的同时相关,其系数均在0.01水平上显著,为了呈现简洁,相关的路径和系数均未在图中标注;图中实线为显著路径,虚线为不显著路径;图中所标注的系数均为标准化系数,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001)。

, figureFileSmall=37hmIkiSRF3msV16jF55uQ==, figureFileBig=+DJ3MhqlaCOXtos251A3qQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241065992290365657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of the sample (n=2 060)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量变量含义n(%),(
控制变量
年龄(岁)连续变量77.90±8.54
性别980(47.6)
1 080(52.4)
婚姻状况未结婚13(0.6)
结婚1次1 957(95.0)
结婚2次82(4.0)
结婚3次及以上8(0.4)
是否吸烟687(33.3)
1 373(66.7)
是否饮酒429(20.8)
1 631(79.2)
是否患有慢性病1 919(93.2)
141(6.8)
自变量
社会经济地位(分)连续变量3.38±0.93
中介变量
孤独感从不726(35.2)
很少671(32.6)
有时556(27.0)
经常84(4.1)
总是23(1.1)
社会参与从不1 542(74.9)
偶尔185(9.0)
一月最少一次209(10.1)
一周一次44(2.1)
一天一次80(3.9)
因变量
认知水平(分)连续变量26.12±4.46
), ArticleFig(id=1241065992416194788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

样本基本特征(n=2 060)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量变量含义n(%),(
控制变量
年龄(岁)连续变量77.90±8.54
性别980(47.6)
1 080(52.4)
婚姻状况未结婚13(0.6)
结婚1次1 957(95.0)
结婚2次82(4.0)
结婚3次及以上8(0.4)
是否吸烟687(33.3)
1 373(66.7)
是否饮酒429(20.8)
1 631(79.2)
是否患有慢性病1 919(93.2)
141(6.8)
自变量
社会经济地位(分)连续变量3.38±0.93
中介变量
孤独感从不726(35.2)
很少671(32.6)
有时556(27.0)
经常84(4.1)
总是23(1.1)
社会参与从不1 542(74.9)
偶尔185(9.0)
一月最少一次209(10.1)
一周一次44(2.1)
一天一次80(3.9)
因变量
认知水平(分)连续变量26.12±4.46
), ArticleFig(id=1241065992504275173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficient of each variable in the three periods

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
x1x2x3m1m2m3n1n2n3y1y2y3
x11.000
x20.755c1.000
x30.698c0.784c1.000
m10.127c0.049b-0.035a1.000
m20.190c0.211c0.141c0.268c1.000
m30.113c0.163c0.187c-0.058c0.195c1.000
n10.280c0.288c0.308c-0.096c0.0090.113c1.000
n20.306c0.362c0.428c-0.181c0.050b0.196c0.383c1.000
n30.270c0.358c0.497c-0.234c0.0130.276c0.372c0.564c1.000
y10.247c0.222c0.211c0.134c0.103c0.084c0.088c0.095c0.067c1.000
y20.225c0.235c0.206c0.089c0.117c0.058c0.112c0.104c0.086c0.354c1.000
y30.271c0.277c0.320c0.069c0.052b0.128c0.201c0.233c0.257c0.365c0.427c1.000
均值3.3773.4403.4873.9674.0424.1161.5121.6151.55826.12326.55524.069
标准差0.9280.8900.9620.9410.8700.8271.0231.1691.2624.4594.3978.125
), ArticleFig(id=1241065992600744173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

三期各变量均数、标准差和相关系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
x1x2x3m1m2m3n1n2n3y1y2y3
x11.000
x20.755c1.000
x30.698c0.784c1.000
m10.127c0.049b-0.035a1.000
m20.190c0.211c0.141c0.268c1.000
m30.113c0.163c0.187c-0.058c0.195c1.000
n10.280c0.288c0.308c-0.096c0.0090.113c1.000
n20.306c0.362c0.428c-0.181c0.050b0.196c0.383c1.000
n30.270c0.358c0.497c-0.234c0.0130.276c0.372c0.564c1.000
y10.247c0.222c0.211c0.134c0.103c0.084c0.088c0.095c0.067c1.000
y20.225c0.235c0.206c0.089c0.117c0.058c0.112c0.104c0.086c0.354c1.000
y30.271c0.277c0.320c0.069c0.052b0.128c0.201c0.233c0.257c0.365c0.427c1.000
均值3.3773.4403.4873.9674.0424.1161.5121.6151.55826.12326.55524.069
标准差0.9280.8900.9620.9410.8700.8271.0231.1691.2624.4594.3978.125
), ArticleFig(id=1241065992713990389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The longitudinal mediating effect of loneliness and social participation frequency between socioeconomic status and cognitive level among the elderly

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中介路径标准误效应值(95% CI中介效应量(%)
x1社会经济地位-m2孤独感-y3认知水平0.003-0.004(-0.012~0.004)-
x1社会经济地位-n2社会参与-y3认知水平0.0050.022(0.009~0.036)33.06
x1社会经济地位-m2孤独感-n2社会参与-y3认知水平0.0030.010(0.002~0.019)
), ArticleFig(id=1241065992814653692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065984388297525, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

老年人孤独感和社会参与频率在社会经济地位与认知水平间的纵向中介效应

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中介路径标准误效应值(95% CI中介效应量(%)
x1社会经济地位-m2孤独感-y3认知水平0.003-0.004(-0.012~0.004)-
x1社会经济地位-n2社会参与-y3认知水平0.0050.022(0.009~0.036)33.06
x1社会经济地位-m2孤独感-n2社会参与-y3认知水平0.0030.010(0.002~0.019)
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1770628902248, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1227669854342280188, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902278, updatedTime=1770628902278, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1227669854396806141, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902291, updatedTime=1770628902291, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
孤独感和社会参与在老年人社会经济地位对认知水平影响中的纵向中介作用
收藏切换
PDF下载
李泽远 1 , 杨乐 1, 2 , 郭玉婷 1 , 程景民 1, 2
现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2025,52(4): 697-702
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2025, 52(4): 697-702
孤独感和社会参与在老年人社会经济地位对认知水平影响中的纵向中介作用
全屏
李泽远1, 杨乐1, 2 , 郭玉婷1, 程景民1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001
  • 2.山西医科大学卫生管理与政策研究中心
  • 李泽远(2000—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

通讯作者:

杨乐,E-mail:
Longitudinal mediating role of loneliness and social participation in the impact of socioeconomic status on cognitive level in older adults
Ze-yuan LI1, Le YANG1, 2 , Yu-ting GUO1, Jing-min CHENG1, 2
Affiliations
  • School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

探讨老年人社会经济地位对认知水平的影响及孤独感和社会参与的纵向中介作用。

方法

使用中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据(CLHLS)2011、2014、2018年三期追踪数据,纳入研究样本2 060份,使用交叉滞后中介模型分析数据。

结果

老年人前测的社会经济地位与后测的认知水平间呈正向关联,关联具有统计学意义(β=1.048,P <0.001)。95% bootstrap中介效应检验结果显示,老年人孤独感在社会经济地位与认知之间的纵向中介效应不显著 -0.004(-0.012~0.004),老年人社会经济地位通过正向影响社会参与间接正向影响认知水平0.022(0.009~0.036),中介效应量为33.06%。老年人孤独感和社会参与在社会经济地位与认知之间的纵向链式中介效应显著0.010(0.002~0.019),中介效应量为21.03%。

结论

老年人社会经济地位影响其认知水平,老年人社会参与是社会经济地位影响认知水平的纵向中介变量,老年人孤独感和社会参与在经济地位和认知水平间有链式中介作用。在未来预防老年人认知功能障碍的过程中,应特别关注社会经济地位、孤独感和社会参与的影响。

老年人  /  社会经济地位  /  孤独感  /  社会参与  /  认知
Objective

To explore the influence of socioeconomic status on cognitive level and the longitudinal mediating role of loneliness and social participation among the elderly.

Methods

A total of 2 060 research samples were included in the 2011, 2014 and 2018 longitudinal data of the China Elderly Health Influencing Factors Longitudinal Survey (CLHLS), and the data were analyzed using cross-lagged mediation model.

Results

There was a positive correlation between the pre-test socioeconomic status and the post-test cognitive level of the elderly, and the association was statistically significant (β=1.048, P<0.001). The results of 95% of the bootstrap mediating effect test showed that the longitudinal mediating effect of loneliness in the elderly between socioeconomic status and cognition was insignificant -0.004 (-0.012-0.004). The socioeconomic status of the elderly indirectly positively affected the cognitive level by positively affecting social participation 0.022 (0.009-0.036), and the mediating effect was 33.06%. The longitudinal chain mediating effect between loneliness and social participation between socioeconomic status and cognition was significantly 0.010(0.002-0.019), and the mediating effect was 21.03%.

Conclusion

The socioeconomic status of the elderly affects the cognitive level, the social participation of the elderly is the mediating variable of the socioeconomic status affecting the cognitive level,and there is a chain mediating effect between economic status and cognitive level in the elderly's loneliness and social participation. In the future prevention of cognitive dysfunction in older adults, special attention should be paid to the impact of socioeconomic status loneliness, and social participation.

Elderly  /  Socioeconomic status  /  Loneliness  /  Social participation  /  Cognition
李泽远, 杨乐, 郭玉婷, 程景民. 孤独感和社会参与在老年人社会经济地位对认知水平影响中的纵向中介作用. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (4) : 697 -702 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148
Ze-yuan LI, Le YANG, Yu-ting GUO, Jing-min CHENG. Longitudinal mediating role of loneliness and social participation in the impact of socioeconomic status on cognitive level in older adults[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (4) : 697 -702 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148
健康老龄化战略背景下,老年人群健康状况与健康促进已成为社会各界关注的焦点[1]。认知健康作为衡量老年人健康的重要指标之一[2],不仅影响老年人的日常生活活动能力、社会参与和生活质量,还对患者家庭及社会发展产生深远影响[3]。因此,聚焦老年人群认知健康研究在当前具有重要意义。
社会经济地位(socioeconomic status,SES)是社会结构的重要指标,主要由教育、经济和职业等指标构成[4]。健康社会决定因素理论强调,由人们的社会经济地位和所拥有资源所决定的生活和工作环境及其他因素会对其健康产生影响[5]。以往研究表明老年人的社会经济地位直接影响其认知水平[6],但这一结论还未纵向验证,同时社会经济地位对老年人认知水平的微观作用机理仍有待廓清。
老年人社会经济地位可能通过影响孤独感间接影响其认知水平。社会认知理论强调,环境、个人和行为三者之间相互影响,物质、经济、文化等环境因素可以改变个人孤独、信任等感知从而导致个人认知发生变化并最终转化为行为。相关研究表明,老年人社会经济地位负向影响其孤独感[7]。孤独感会导致老年人出现情绪低落、抑郁和焦虑等心理问题,进一步影响认知能力[8]
社会参与也可能在老年人社会经济地位和认知之间起中介作用。社会资本理论认为,诸如社会参与、社会网络等会促进合作互助行为,进而提高健康有益行为的集体效率,改善人群健康[9]。实证研究表明,老年人社会经济地位正向影响其社会参与频率,高社会经济地位的老年人有更多机会参与多样化的社交活动,对其认知水平产生积极影响[10]。此外,已有研究表明,孤独感较强的老年人有抑郁倾向的概率明显增加,对与他人交往产生恐惧或抗拒心理,表现为社会参与频率的降低[11]
基于前述,构建中介效应理论框架(见图1)并提出假设:①老年人社会经济地位直接影响其认知水平。②孤独感在老年人社会经济地位和认知水平间存在纵向中介效应。③社会参与在老年人社会经济地位和认知水平间存在纵向中介效应。④孤独感和社会参与在老年人社会经济地位与认知之间存在链式中介作用。本研究拟拓展已有横断研究,纵向分析CLHLS三期数据,探讨老年人社会经济地位对认知水平的影响及孤独感和社会参与的纵向中介作用,为改善和干预老年人认知水平提供参考。
研究数据来源于中国老年健康影响因素跟踪调查数据(CLHLS),该数据库是北京大学健康老龄与发展研究中心/国家发展研究院组织的老年人追踪调查,该调查覆盖全国23个省、市、自治区,调查对象为≥65岁老年人和35~64岁成年子女,样本省份约占中国人口的85%。该调查项目在1998年进行基线调查后分别于2000、2002、2005、2008—2009、2011—2012、2014 和 2017—2018 年进行了跟踪调查,是国内范围最早、坚持时间最长的社会科学调查[12],CLHLS调查得到北京大学研究伦理委员会(IRB00001052-13074)的批准,所有参与者或其家属签署了知情同意书。
被解释变量:认知水平(y)。认知水平的测量使用中文版简易精神状态量表(Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination,CMMSE),该量表翻译自国际标准的MMSE量表,在中国社区居民中具有合理的敏感性和特异性[13]。量表包括7个部分:定向力(5分)、食物数(7分)、记忆力(3分)、计算力(5分)、画图(1分)、回忆(3分)、语言(6分),得分越高表示认知能力越好。
解释变量:社会经济地位(x)。SES参考反向社会经济脆弱性指数(Socioeconomic Vulnerability Index,SEVI)进行评估,该指数有六个组成部分[14]。在教育程度方面,0年教育得0分,1至6年教育得0.5分,7年及以上教育得1分。在职业方面,白领(专业技术人员、医生、教师、上班族、军人)主要职业1分,其他类型0分。在经济独立方面,主要由工资或养老金支付的日常开支得分为1,否则得0分。在家庭经济地位方面,得分为1表示非常富有,得分为0.75表示富有,得分为0.5表示一般,得分为0.25表示贫穷,得分为0表示非常贫穷。在卫生保健服务方面,生病及时能获得医疗服务得1分,否则得0分。在居住地方面,城市居民得分为1,城镇居民得分为0.5,农村居民得分为0。我们将上述变量的总分作为SES值,分数从0到6,分数越高表明SES水平越高。
控制变量:参考以往相关文献[15-16],研究将年龄、性别、婚姻状况、吸烟状况、饮酒状况、慢性疾病作为控制变量。
中介变量1:孤独感(m)。老年人孤独感通过个人感受反映,通过问题“您是不是经常感到孤独?”进行评估,量化指标用1-5分表示,1分代表“总是”,2分代表“经常”,3分代表“有时”,4分代表“很少”,5分代表“从不”。中介变量2:社会参与(n)。本研究将老年人社会参与的频率作为衡量老年人社会参与的指标,问卷中的问题为“你现在参加一些社交活动吗?”,量化指标用1-5分表示:1分代表“从不”,2分代表“偶尔”,3分代表“一月最少一次”,4分代表“一周一次”,5分代表“一天一次”。
使用SPSS 26.0录入和整理数据,对有效数据进行描述性统计分析,参考温忠麟等人的中介效应模型构建方法构建以孤独感和社会参与为中介的交叉滞后中介模型[17],使用Mplus 8.0进一步分析数据,研究老年人社会经济地位对认知水平的影响及孤独感和社会参与的纵向中介作用,检验水准α=0.05。
2011(t1)、2014(t2)、2018(t3)年的三期追踪数据进行分析。三期调查成功追踪样本量为2 884(年龄≥65)。基于本文的研究对象及研究目标,为确保研究分析结果的正确性和有效性,本研究将一些模棱两可的回答,如“不知道”“无法回答”等模糊答案的样本进行缺失处理,同时剔除关键变量中含有缺失值的样本,最终纳入研究样本2 060份。样本基本特征见表1
三期数据中社会经济地位、孤独感、社会参与和认知水平的均值、标准差和相关系数矩阵见表2,除第二年孤独感与第一年社会参与(P=0.694)和第三年社会参与(P=0.549)之间不相关外,其余时间点上的变量均形成两两相关。
在交叉滞后中介模型中,先分析x1社会经济地位对y3认知水平的直接作用,模型拟合结果较好(χ2/df=4.56,CFI=0.984,TLI=0.956,RMSEA=0.073,SRMR=0.046),在控制人口学变量、自回归和同时相关后,x1社会经济地位对y3认知水平有显著正向预测作用(β=1.048,P<0.001。其次,在模型中纳入中介变量,模型拟合结果较好(χ2/df=3.88,CFI=0.934,TLI=0.914,RMSEA=0.062),SRMR=0.049)。模型路径系数显示,在控制人口学变量、自回归和同时相关后,x1社会经济地位不能正向预测y3认知水平(β=0.266,P=0.271),路径系数值下降,表明孤独感和社会参与可能在社会经济地位与认知水平间起纵向中介作用。模型见图2
进一步采用Bootstrap方法检验老年人孤独感和社会参与频率在社会经济地位与认知水平间的纵向中介效应。抽取2 000个样本进行中介效应估计。结果表明:x1社会经济地位-m2孤独感-y3认知水平中介路径不成立 ,x1社会经济地位-n2社会参与-y3认知水平和x1社会经济地位-m2孤独感-n2社会参与-y3认知水平中介路径成立。详见表2
本研究发现,老年人社会经济地位可以纵向预测其认知水平,老年人认知与受教育程度,生活环境和职业均相关,这与前期横断面研究结果一致[18-19],表明社会经济地位是老年人认知水平的重要影响因素,假设1成立。同时,社会经济地位能纵向预测老年人孤独状况,社会经济地位高的老年人孤独感低,这与一项来自西班牙的横断面研究结果一致[20]。老年人社会参与能预测其认知水平,可能是因为在参与社会活动时获得认知刺激,激发各种神经生物学通路,使老年人更好地补偿任何潜在的大脑变化,从而保持其认知水平在相对稳定的状态[21]
本研究发现,老年人孤独感在社会经济地位和认知水平间不存在纵向中介作用,假设2不成立。在一项由Cruz等人对来自59个国家1 823个样本的横断面研究中发现,社会经济地位较低的人更容易产生孤独心理,从而导致认知和心理健康的下降[22],但本研究中,该结论不成立。可能是因为即便老年人因为较高的社会经济地位而降低了孤独感,但在某一时间区间内这种降低可能更多地体现在其他维度,比如情感和心理健康层面,而非认知水平层面,孤独感在这个路径中未能发挥显著的中介作用。其次,孤独感包含情感孤独和社会孤独两个方面[23],本研究未区分孤独感的不同类型,这可能导致中介效应被稀释或掩盖。再者,研究设计和数据分析方法可能也影响了孤独感作为中介变量的显著性。数据采集时间间隔为3年和4年、孤独感的测量工具为单一条目,这些因素可能影响孤独感的中介作用。最后,在老年人社会经济地位与认知水平之间,可能存在其他更为关键的中介因素,比如社会网络、生活方式等可能比孤独感更直接、更显著地影响认知水平,使得孤独感的中介效应不显著。
本研究发现,在控制年龄、性别、婚姻状况、吸烟状况、饮酒状况、慢性疾病变量后,老年人社会参与在社会经济地位和认知水平间存在纵向中介作用,中介占比为33.06%,这表明老年人社会经济地位会正向影响社会参与的频率从而正向影响认知水平,假设3成立。社会经济地位高的老年人有资源优势,为他们提供更多的时间和金钱支持去参加社会活动,同时,他们拥有更广泛的社会网络,为他们提供了更多社会参与的机会,因此,他们参与文化、体育与公益活动的概率明显增高。相反,社会经济地位低的老年人可能需要更多时间和精力来满足基本生活需求,他们也可能面临社会孤立,减少他们社会参与的机会,这也验证了前人研究观点[10]。较高频率的社会参与能够提升老年人社会资本存量,有利于其获取更加丰富的有益于认知功能的健康相关资源,积极的社会参与会产生认知刺激,保持老年人认知健康,同时也可能通过减少负面情绪,提高心理健康来间接提升认知水平。
本研究发现,老年人孤独感和社会参与在社会经济地位与认知之存在纵向链式中介作用,中介占比为21.03%,假设4成立。这表明孤独感与社会参与有密切联系,与以往研究结果相同[11,24]。老年人社会经济地位通过降低孤独感提升社会参与频率,从而对认知水平产生积极影响。这一过程体现了社会、心理和经济因素如何交互作用,影响老年人的健康和生活质量。
为提升我国老年人认知水平,防止认知退化,可以采取以下策略。促进社会参与,通过社区活动、志愿服务等方式鼓励老年人积极参与社会活动。给予资源支持,降低社会活动参与门槛,为低社会经济地位的老年人提供更多的资源和机会。提升参与意识,加强对老年人的健康教育,强调社会参与对认知健康的重要性。提供政策保障,政府应制定和实施政策,确保老年人能够获得参与社会活动的机会和资源支持。
本研究发现,老年人社会经济地位对认知有直接影响且社会参与在二者之间有纵向中介作用。这一结果不仅进一步验证了老年人社会经济地位对认知的正向影响,证实了健康社会决定因素理论的可靠性,还验证了社会参与在二者之间的纵向中介作用及孤独感和社会参与在二者之间的链式中介作用,对已有研究做出重要补充。
当然,本研究还存在一些不足。首先,三期研究数据时间间隔分别为3年和4年,时间跨度较长。其次,老年人孤独感在社会经济地位与认知水平之间中介作用不显著可能受限于追踪次数不够。最后,老年人社会经济地位对认知的影响中也可能存在其他中介或者调节机制。因此,在未来的研究中可以缩小追踪时间间隔进行多次追踪,以更全面的考察孤独感的中介作用,同时,从多个角度就老年人社会经济地位与认知之间的关系机制建构更为完整的假设模型。
  • 国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(72204152)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
陈俊利,王璐,任建学,等.健康老龄化背景下我国城乡居民基本养老保险空间分布及影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学2024, 27(19):2382-2387.
Chen JL, Wang L, Ren JX, et al. Study on the spatial distribution and influencing factors of basic endowment insurance for Uban and rural residents in China under the background of healthy aging[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2024, 27(19): 2382-2387. (In Chinese)
[2]
Jia LF, Du YF, Chu L, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older in China: a cross-sectional study[J]. The Lancet. Public Health, 2020, 5(12): e661-e671.
[3]
葛怀举,董士红,官为民,等.我国中老年人认知功能在文化水平和抑郁症状间的中介效应[J].公共卫生与预防医学2024, 35(3):18-22.
Ge HJ, Dong SH, Guan WM, et al. Mediating effects of cognitive function on the relationship between literacy level and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and elderlypeople in China[J]. Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, 2024, 35(3): 18-22. (In Chinese)
[4]
Wu J, Hu Y, Perlin MH, et al. Landscape of global urban environmental resistome and its association with local socioeconomic and medical status[J]. Science China. Life Sciences, 2024, 67(6): 1292-1301.
[5]
段棣飞,马登艳,陈懿,等.健康社会决定因素概念框架及其运用在卫生保健领域的研究进展[J].中国健康教育2021, 37(2):145-148.
Duan DF, Ma DY, Chen Y, et al. Research progress on conceptual frameworks of social determinants of health and its application in the healthcare field[J]. Chinese Journal of Health Education, 2021, 37(2): 145-148. (In Chinese)
[6]
Williams BD, Pendleton N, Chandola T. Does the association between cognition and education differ between older adults with gradual or rapid trajectories of cognitive decline?[J]. Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 2021, 29(4): 666-686.
[7]
Huang QM, Zhang PD, Shen D, et al. Analysis of changes in social isolation,loneliness,or both,and subsequent cognitive function among older adults:Findings from a nationwide cohort study[J]. Alzheimer’s & Dementia: the Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association, 2024, 20(8): 5674-5683.
[8]
Delgado-Losada ML, Bouhaben J, Arroyo-Pardo E, et al. Loneliness,depression,and genetics in the elderly:prognostic factors of a worse health condition?[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2022, 19(23): 15456.
[9]
Bourdieu P. The forms of capital. In Richardson J.(Ed.) Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education[M]. New York: Greenwood Press, 1986.
[10]
Kim J, Park GR, Namkung EH. The link between disability and social participation revisited: Heterogeneity by type of social participation and by socioeconomic status[J]. Disability and Health Journal, 2023, 17(2): 101543.
[11]
Rochelle TL. Social participation,loneliness and well-being among older adults in Hong Kong: a longitudinal examination[J]. Psychology Health & Medicine, 2023, 28(10): 2927-2937.
[12]
Xu X, Zhao Y, Wu B, et al. Association between tooth loss and frailty among Chinese older adults: the mediating role of dietary diversity[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2023, 23(1): 668.
[13]
Zhang ZX, Zahner GEP, Román GC, et al. Socio-demographic variation of dementia subtypes in China: Methodology and results of a prevalence study in Beijing, Chengdu, Shanghai, and Xian[J]. Neuroepidemiology, 2006, 27(4): 177-187.
[14]
Raufirad V, Heidari Q, Ghorbani J. Comparing socioeconomic vulnerability index and land cover indices: Application of fuzzy TOPSIS model and geographic information system[J]. Ecological Informatics, 2022, 72: 101917.
[15]
Liu C, Li X. The mechanism of socioeconomic status effects on cognition[J]. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 2023, 1419: 73-81.
[16]
韩谭倩,韩梅.我国老年人社交和智力活动在社会经济地位与认知功能间的中介效应[J].现代预防医学2023, 50(2):334-339.
Han TQ, Han M. The mediation effect of social and intellectual activities in socioeconomic status and cognitive function in China[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2023, 50(2): 334-339. (In Chinese)
[17]
方杰,温忠麟,邱皓政.纵向数据的中介效应分析[J].心理科学2021, 44(4):989-996.
Fang J, Wen ZL, Qiu HZ. Mediation analysis of longitudinal data[J]. Journal of Psychological Science, 2021, 44(4): 989-996. (In Chinese)
[18]
Ran X, Zhang X, Gong W, et al. The association between socioeconomic status perception and mental health among Chinese older adults: the mediating roles of social trust and justice[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2024, 24(1): 499.
[19]
Morita A, Fujiwara T, Murayama H, et al. Association between trajectory of socioeconomic position and regional brain volumes related to dementia: Results from the NEIGE Study[J]. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2024, 79(5): glad269.
[20]
Sánahez-Morenoe S, Gallardo-Peraltal G, Barrónlópez DRA, et al. Socioeconomic status, loneliness, and depression among older adults: a cross-sectional study in Spain[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2024, 24(1): 361.
[21]
Verkhratsky A, Zorec R. Neuroglia in cognitive reserve[J]. Molecular Psychiatry, 2024, 29(12): 3962-3967.
[22]
Cruz GV, Rochat L, Liberacka-Dwojak M, et al. Validation of the English version of the Multidimensional Mentalizing Questionnaire (MMQ)[J]. BMC Psychology, 2024, 12(1): 344.
[23]
杨树慧,段美雯,杨洁,等.随迁老人孤独感现状及影响因素的研究进展[J].职业与健康2024, 40(7):1005-1008.
Yang SH, Duan MW, Yang J, et al. Research progress on status and influencing factors of loneliness in the elderly migrants[J]. Occupation and Health, 2024, 40(7): 1005-1008. (In Chinese)
[24]
Brush CJ, Kallen AM, Meynadasy MA, et al. The P300, loneliness, and depression in older adults[J]. Biological psychology, 2022, 171: 108339.
2025年第52卷第4期
PDF下载
78
35
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148
  • 接收时间:2024-10-12
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-02-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-12
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(72204152)
作者信息
    1.山西医科大学管理学院,山西 太原 030001
    2.山西医科大学卫生管理与政策研究中心

通讯作者:

杨乐,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410148
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏