Article(id=1241065978856001606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408190, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1723564800000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773822787249, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1740412800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773822787249, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773822787249, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773822787249, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241065978004557893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='4', pageStart='577', pageEnd='768', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773822787047, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773823194927, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241067688831808347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241067688831808348, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241065978004557893, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=673, endPage=678, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241065979124437066, articleId=1241065978856001606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Community elderly sense of gain: the role of social network support and the mediating effect of psychological resilience, columnId=1228016572892119056, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Primary Health Services, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the relationship between social support networks and the sense of gain among elderly individuals in the community and further explore the mediating role of psychological resilience in this process.

Methods

Using cluster random sampling, elderly individuals aged 65 and above from three towns (districts) in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province—Tangxia, Songshan Lake, and Liaobu—were selected as the study population from May to July 2023. A total of 1 245 valid responses were included in the analysis. Stepwise linear regression and mediation effect models were used to investigate the relationships between social support networks, sense of gain, and psychological resilience.

Results

A positive correlation was found between the sense of gain and psychological resilience (r=0.516, P<0.01), as well as between the sense of gain and social support networks (r=0.383, P<0.01). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between psychological resilience and social support networks (r=0.321, P<0.01). Psychological resilience partially mediated the effect of social support networks on the sense of gain, with a mediation effect value of 1.113, accounting for 34% of the total effect.

Conclusion

There is a significant association between social support networks, psychological resilience, and the sense of gain among elderly individuals in the community. Social support networks enhance the sense of gain by improving psychological resilience.

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目的

本研究旨在分析社区老年人社会支持网络与其获得感之间的关系,并进一步探讨心理弹性在此过程中的中介作用。

方法

采用整群随机抽样的方法,于2023年5月至7月期间选取广东省东莞市塘厦、松山湖和寮步3个镇(区)内65岁以上社区老年人为研究对象,将调查完整的1 245例社区老年人数据纳入本次分析;采用逐步线性回归,中介效应模型对老年人社会支持网络、获得感及心理弹性之间的关系进行研究。

结果

老年人的获得感与心理弹性之间存在正相关关系(r=0.516,P<0.01);获得感与社会网络支持之间也呈现正相关(r=0.383,P<0.01)。此外,心理弹性与社会网络支持之间同样存在正相关关系(r=0.321,P<0.01)。心理弹性在社会网络影响获得感的过程中发挥了部分中介作用,中介效应值为1.113,其占总效应的34%。

结论

社区老年人的社会网络支持、心理弹性与获得感之间存在显著关联,社会支持网络通过提升心理弹性,从而增强老年人的获得感。

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刘钰曦,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=7S4RzwG5nlVMf+9Ff5XHsw==, magXml=cLKDiB1K8/gRiHA38e/cew==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=hVyW/UDTSF7qagDPIy2i4A==, pdfFileSize=693730, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=K3YP0/3ZFXBuUvueVeCTMA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Ke+dWK2dCf0ZolA0bykEaw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

张嘉琪(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生管理与政策研究

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张嘉琪(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生管理与政策研究

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Comparison of Sense of Gain Scores among Elderly with Different Characteristics ()

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项目n(%)获得感得分()T/FP
婚姻状况3.033<0.050
在婚999(80.25)69.81±12.36
未在婚246(19.75)67.15±12.04
文化程度15.232<0.001
小学及以下661(53.09)67.04±12.21
初中304(24.4)70.62±11.72
高中或中专210(16.86)72.43±12.20
大专48(3.85)76.93±13.19
本科及以上22(1.76)71.48±7.29
个人收入8.448<0.001
<1 000元/月322(25.86)67.54±12.32
1 000~2 999元/月569(45.70)68.62±12.57
3 000~4 999元/月240(19.28)71.56±12.08
≥5 000元/月114(9.15)72.69±10.76
居住情况5.767<0.050
独居107(8.59)65.89±13.24
与配偶同居311(24.97)68.63±13.15
与儿女同居827(66.43)69.96±11.82
健康状况60.550<0.001
154(12.36)61.61±12.92
一般374(30.04)66.99±11.67
717(57.59)72.13±11.59
慢性病状况2.579<0.001
439(35.26)68.62±12.49
806(64.74)70.50±11.98
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不同特征老年人获得感得分比较(

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项目n(%)获得感得分()T/FP
婚姻状况3.033<0.050
在婚999(80.25)69.81±12.36
未在婚246(19.75)67.15±12.04
文化程度15.232<0.001
小学及以下661(53.09)67.04±12.21
初中304(24.4)70.62±11.72
高中或中专210(16.86)72.43±12.20
大专48(3.85)76.93±13.19
本科及以上22(1.76)71.48±7.29
个人收入8.448<0.001
<1 000元/月322(25.86)67.54±12.32
1 000~2 999元/月569(45.70)68.62±12.57
3 000~4 999元/月240(19.28)71.56±12.08
≥5 000元/月114(9.15)72.69±10.76
居住情况5.767<0.050
独居107(8.59)65.89±13.24
与配偶同居311(24.97)68.63±13.15
与儿女同居827(66.43)69.96±11.82
健康状况60.550<0.001
154(12.36)61.61±12.92
一般374(30.04)66.99±11.67
717(57.59)72.13±11.59
慢性病状况2.579<0.001
439(35.26)68.62±12.49
806(64.74)70.50±11.98
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Correlation between Dimensions of Social Network, Psychological Resilience, and Sense of Gain Scales in Elderly (r values)

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项目社会保障健康状况理想期待力量性坚韧性家人/亲戚支持朋友支持
社会保障1.000
健康状况0.614a1.000
理想期待0.345a0.347a1.000
力量性0.407a0.481a0.320a1.000
坚韧性0.401a0.453a0.294a0.743a1.000
家人/亲戚支持0.296a0.312a0.071b0.184a0.218a1.000
朋友支持0.311a0.392a0.146a0.311a0.273a0.428a1.000
), ArticleFig(id=1241065987395604854, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065978856001606, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

老年人社会网络、心理弹性与获得感量表各维度的相关性(r值)

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项目社会保障健康状况理想期待力量性坚韧性家人/亲戚支持朋友支持
社会保障1.000
健康状况0.614a1.000
理想期待0.345a0.347a1.000
力量性0.407a0.481a0.320a1.000
坚韧性0.401a0.453a0.294a0.743a1.000
家人/亲戚支持0.296a0.312a0.071b0.184a0.218a1.000
朋友支持0.311a0.392a0.146a0.311a0.273a0.428a1.000
), ArticleFig(id=1241065987475296633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065978856001606, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Regression Analysis with Psychological Resilience as a Mediating Variable

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步骤自变量因变量回归系数标准误tP
第1步社会网络获得感0.3830.05014.605<0.001
第2步社会网络心理弹性0.3210.03111.963<0.001
第3步社会网络获得感0.2420.0479.782<0.001
心理弹性0.4380.04117.707<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1241065987580154235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065978856001606, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

心理弹性作为中介变量的回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
步骤自变量因变量回归系数标准误tP
第1步社会网络获得感0.3830.05014.605<0.001
第2步社会网络心理弹性0.3210.03111.963<0.001
第3步社会网络获得感0.2420.0479.782<0.001
心理弹性0.4380.04117.707<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1241065987689206146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065978856001606, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Fit Indices for Structural Equation Model

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CMIN/DFRMSEAGFITLICFI
初始模型4.7300.0550.9880.9720.985
调整后模型3.1830.0770.9930.9830.992
推荐范围1-5<0.08≥0.90≥0.90≥0.90
), ArticleFig(id=1241065987785675146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065978856001606, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

结构方程模型拟合度指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
CMIN/DFRMSEAGFITLICFI
初始模型4.7300.0550.9880.9720.985
调整后模型3.1830.0770.9930.9830.992
推荐范围1-5<0.08≥0.90≥0.90≥0.90
), ArticleFig(id=1241065987898921357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065978856001606, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Mediating Effect of Psychological Resilience between Social Network and Sense of Gain

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目标准误效应值(95% CIP相对效应占比(%)
间接效应0.1481.113(0.856~1.437)<0.0010.34
直接效应0.2532.131(1.674~2.678)<0.0010.66
总效应0.2903.244 (2.728~3.879)<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1241065988016361872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241065978856001606, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

心理弹性在社会网络与获得感间的中介效应

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项目标准误效应值(95% CIP相对效应占比(%)
间接效应0.1481.113(0.856~1.437)<0.0010.34
直接效应0.2532.131(1.674~2.678)<0.0010.66
总效应0.2903.244 (2.728~3.879)<0.001
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社区老年人社会网络支持与获得感的关系:心理弹性的中介作用
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张嘉琪 1, 2 , 刘瑞明 2 , 万崇华 3 , 黄晋 4 , 陈武君 1 , 刘钰曦 1, 2
现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2025,52(4): 673-678
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现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2025, 52(4): 673-678
社区老年人社会网络支持与获得感的关系:心理弹性的中介作用
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张嘉琪1, 2, 刘瑞明2, 万崇华3, 黄晋4, 陈武君1, 刘钰曦1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.广东医科大学附属东莞第一医院,广东 东莞 523710
  • 2.广东医科大学卫生法制与政策研究所
  • 3.广东医科大学生命质量与应用心理研究中心,生命质量与心理测评干预重点实验室
  • 4.东莞市塘厦镇社区卫生服务中心
  • 张嘉琪(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生管理与政策研究

通讯作者:

刘钰曦,E-mail:
Community elderly sense of gain: the role of social network support and the mediating effect of psychological resilience
Jia-qi ZHANG1, 2, Rui-ming LIU2, Chong-hua WAN3, Jin HUANG4, Wu-jun CHEN1, Yu-xi LIU1, 2
Affiliations
  • Dongguan First People’s Hospital, Affiliated to Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523710, China
出版时间: 2025-02-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408190
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目的

本研究旨在分析社区老年人社会支持网络与其获得感之间的关系,并进一步探讨心理弹性在此过程中的中介作用。

方法

采用整群随机抽样的方法,于2023年5月至7月期间选取广东省东莞市塘厦、松山湖和寮步3个镇(区)内65岁以上社区老年人为研究对象,将调查完整的1 245例社区老年人数据纳入本次分析;采用逐步线性回归,中介效应模型对老年人社会支持网络、获得感及心理弹性之间的关系进行研究。

结果

老年人的获得感与心理弹性之间存在正相关关系(r=0.516,P<0.01);获得感与社会网络支持之间也呈现正相关(r=0.383,P<0.01)。此外,心理弹性与社会网络支持之间同样存在正相关关系(r=0.321,P<0.01)。心理弹性在社会网络影响获得感的过程中发挥了部分中介作用,中介效应值为1.113,其占总效应的34%。

结论

社区老年人的社会网络支持、心理弹性与获得感之间存在显著关联,社会支持网络通过提升心理弹性,从而增强老年人的获得感。

老年人  /  社会网络  /  获得感  /  心理弹性
Objective

To analyze the relationship between social support networks and the sense of gain among elderly individuals in the community and further explore the mediating role of psychological resilience in this process.

Methods

Using cluster random sampling, elderly individuals aged 65 and above from three towns (districts) in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province—Tangxia, Songshan Lake, and Liaobu—were selected as the study population from May to July 2023. A total of 1 245 valid responses were included in the analysis. Stepwise linear regression and mediation effect models were used to investigate the relationships between social support networks, sense of gain, and psychological resilience.

Results

A positive correlation was found between the sense of gain and psychological resilience (r=0.516, P<0.01), as well as between the sense of gain and social support networks (r=0.383, P<0.01). Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between psychological resilience and social support networks (r=0.321, P<0.01). Psychological resilience partially mediated the effect of social support networks on the sense of gain, with a mediation effect value of 1.113, accounting for 34% of the total effect.

Conclusion

There is a significant association between social support networks, psychological resilience, and the sense of gain among elderly individuals in the community. Social support networks enhance the sense of gain by improving psychological resilience.

Elderly  /  Social network  /  Sense of gain  /  Psychological resilience
张嘉琪, 刘瑞明, 万崇华, 黄晋, 陈武君, 刘钰曦. 社区老年人社会网络支持与获得感的关系:心理弹性的中介作用. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (4) : 673 -678 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408190
Jia-qi ZHANG, Rui-ming LIU, Chong-hua WAN, Jin HUANG, Wu-jun CHEN, Yu-xi LIU. Community elderly sense of gain: the role of social network support and the mediating effect of psychological resilience[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (4) : 673 -678 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408190
获得感是个体对其所需求满足程度的认知评价,涵盖了实现途径、所需条件及心理体验等多个层面。具体而言,它涉及获得体验、获得环境、获得内容、获得途径和获得分享等五个维度[1]。在中国老龄化加剧的背景下,老年人对养老的需求和期待日益呈现出多样化和个性化趋势,获得感不仅成为衡量老年生活质量的重要指标,还成为社会关注的焦点之一[2-3]。社会网络是指个人的关系网络,涵盖家庭、亲戚与朋友的支持以及与他人的相互支持[4],研究表明[5-7],社会网络的缺乏与死亡率、抑郁情绪、较低的获得感和不健康的心理状态紧密相关。研究也指出,社会网络是维持和提升老年人心理健康与生活质量的重要因素[8-9]。研究仍证实,医疗保险、养老保险、网络支持、朋友和邻居支持等社会支持在提升社区居家老年人获得感方面的起关键作用[10]
心理弹性是指个体遭遇挫折、创伤和压力时,能够调动自身内、外资源来应对当前不利环境的能力[11]。研究结果表明[12-13],心理弹性在一定程度上会影响老年人的生命质量和生活满意度。Sehgal等人关于心理弹性与生活质量之间联系的研究揭示了两者的正相关关系[14]。研究证实[15],在应激压力影响下,心理弹性在心理健康状态和个体社会支持获得感中发挥部分中介作用。仍有研究指出[16],心理弹性水平高的个体更善于建立社交网络结构,当需要时会主动寻求社会支持,从而更可能得到朋友和家人的理解。
虽然已有研究从不同角度探讨了心理弹性对老年人幸福感和生活质量的影响[17-19],但与老年人获得感相关的研究却较为匮乏。获得感作为一种主观感受,与老年人的社会网络支持和心理弹性密切相关。基于此,本研究旨在深入探讨社会网络支持、心理弹性与老年人获得感之间的关系,并进一步分析心理弹性在其中可能发挥的中介作用。这不仅有助于揭示提升老年人获得感的潜在机制,也为相关政策的制定和实践提供科学依据。
研究于2023年5月至7月期间在东莞市开展。采用整群随机抽样的方法,从塘厦、松山湖和寮步三个片区中抽取符合纳排标准的社区老年人进行面对面访谈式问卷调查。纳入标准包括:1) 年龄65岁及以上;2) 意识清晰,能够正常沟通;3) 知情同意并愿意参与研究。共发放问卷1 366份,剔除无效问卷后,最终回收有效问卷1 245份,回收率为91.12%。本次调查研究获得了广东医科大学附属医院机构审查伦理委员会的批准(批准号:YS2022092),所有研究对象知情并均签署了知情同意书。
根据老年人基本情况自行编制调查表,包括性别、年龄、家庭关系、文化程度、婚姻状况、月平均收入、居住情况、慢性病状况等29项内容。
该量表共包含 10 个题项,每个题项采用 Likert 5 级评分,从 0(从不)到 4(始终如此),总分范围在0~40分[20-21]。在本次调查研究中,该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.893。
获得感量表由本研究团队研制,共21个条目,分为社会保障、健康状况和理想期待3个核心维度,采用Likert 5点计分,总分为105分,评分越高表示获得感的水平越高[22]。在本次调查研究中,获得感量表的Cronbach α系数为0.853。
该量表用于评估老年人对来自家庭和朋友的支持水平的感知,以反映其社会网络状况[23]。LSNS-6量表包含两个维度:家庭网络和朋友网络,每个维度包含3个条目,采用5点Likert量表进行评分,总分为30分[24]。本次调查研究中,该量表的Cronbach α系数为0.807。
数据分析使用SPSS 25.0和AMOS 24.0软件进行。对于符合正态分布的定量数据,采用均值±标准差()进行描述;而定性数据则通过例数和百分比(%)来表述。通过Pearson相关分析,探讨社会网络支持、心理弹性与获得感之间的相关性,结果以相关系数(r)表示。心理弹性作为中介变量,使用AMOS 24.0建立中介效应模型,并通过Bootstrap方法(重复抽样5 000次)检验中介效应。统计分析中,检验水准α=0.05(双侧)。
为确保数据质量,研究团队对调查员进行了统一培训,确保其熟悉调查问卷及数据收集流程;其次,在数据收集过程中,对填写不完整或明显存在偏差的问卷进行当场核查;最后,在数据录入和分析前对所有问卷进行双重审核,剔除无效问卷。
婚姻状况、文化程度、月均收入、居住状况、健康状况以及慢性病情况等因素均与老年人获得感得分存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。见表1
Pearson相关分析结果显示,老年人的获得感与心理弹性之间存在正相关关系(r=0.516,P<0.01)。此外,获得感与社会网络支持之间也呈现正相关(r=0.383,P<0.01)。心理弹性与社会网络支持之间同样存在正相关关系(r=0.321,P<0.01)(见表2)。
通过逐步回归分析检验心理弹性作为老年人中介变量的中介效应,为了提高模型的解释力,纳入了与因变量相关的多个协变量(如慢性病老年人的年龄、性别、婚姻状况、慢性病情况等),并通过逐步筛选过程选取显著的预测变量。结果显示三步回归均具有统计学意义(P<0.001),表明心理弹性在社会网络支持与老年人获得感之间发挥了部分中介作用(见表3)。
在进行模型适配度检验时,χ2/df值为3.183,小于5,说明模型拟合度较好;RMSEA值为0.077,低于0.08,进一步证实了模型的适配性;CFIGFI指数分别为0.992和0.993,均达到0.9以上,TLI指数为0.983,也超过了0.9的标准,这些指标均支持心理弹性在社会支持与老年人获得感之间存在中介效应。通过Bootstrap方法对心理弹性的中介效应进行检验,发现其在社会支持与获得感之间具有显著的中介作用。具体来说,中介效应的大小为1.113,占总效应的34%,95%置信区间为0.856至1.437,不包括0,这表明心理弹性的中介效应是显著的。(详见图1表4表5)。
本研究发现,社会网络正向影响老年人获得感,即社会网络支持程度越高,老年人的获得感也越强。研究证实[25],稳定的社会网络能够促进老年人与家人和朋友之间的良好互动与沟通,其生活经验和智慧也会让他们获得其他社会成员的尊重和认可,家庭成员间的相互支持与关怀,可以减少老年人的身心疾病、提高其社会适应能力,维持健康状态,进而提高生活质量[26]。此外,基于压力应对模型,家庭网络和朋友网络作为老年人生活中的重要应对资源,能够有效缓解负面生活事件带来的挑战[27]。这种情感支持和物质支持也会对老年人的获得感产生正向影响,与唐志远的研究结果类似[28]
本研究结果显示,社会网络支持正向影响心理弹性。社会网络中的亲友关系不仅可以提供情感上的支持,可以提供实质性的帮助和支持,使老年人在面对挑战和压力时感受到安慰和支持,有助于缓解情绪压力,增强心理韧性[29]。此外,社会网络支持还能促进老年人与社会的互动和参与,增强他们的社交网络,进而提升社会支持感和归属感,有助于建立积极的心理状态和情绪管理能力,使老年人拥有更高的心理弹性。
本研究进一步发现,心理弹性对老年人的获得感具有显著的正向影响,即较高的心理弹性能够显著提升老年人的获得感。心理弹性的增强可能与良好的社会网络支持、积极的家庭环境以及个人内在资源的丰富密切相关,这些因素相互作用,共同促进了老年人的获得感和幸福感。该发现与先前的研究结果一致[30-31]
本研究表明,社会网络支持不仅直接影响老年人的获得感,还通过心理弹性间接发挥作用。作为一种重要的外部环境因素,社会网络支持对老年人的获得感具有积极且显著的影响。通过提供情感支持、信息支持和物质支持等多种日常生活资源,社会网络支持能够增强老年人对社会的归属感和自我认同感,同时有效减轻他们的孤独感和社会隔离感[32]。心理弹性作为一种个体内部资源和能力,在社会网络支持与老年人获得感之间扮演着重要的中介角色。心理弹性使得老年人更具有应对挑战和压力的能力,能够灵活调整自己的情绪和态度,更好地适应社会环境的变化和挑战[33]。研究显示,心理弹性水平较高的个体,在面对不利情境时,能够充分发挥自身的社会网络资源,积极应对并解决问题,进而改善不利处境,这一过程有助于个体在更多时间里体验到积极的情绪,从而有效减少心理疾病和问题行为的发生[34]。因此心理弹性不仅能够直接影响老年人的获得感,还能够加强社会网络支持对获得感的影响。这与以往的研究结果类似[35-36]。社会网络支持对老年人获得感的影响不容忽视,而心理弹性在这一关系中扮演着关键的中介作用。通过加强社会网络支持和提升个体心理弹性水平,可以更好地促进老年人的获得感体验,从而实现更加健康、幸福和成功的老龄化。
此外,本研究存在一定局限性。首先,本研究样本主要来源于东莞市社区老年人,可能导致结果不能推广到所有社区老年人人群。其次,横断面研究仅能分析各变量之间的关联性,难以推断因果关系。最后,本研究问卷设计未能充分吸收患者的直接参与意见,可能对量表的内容效度产生一定影响。在未来的研究中,应更加注重患者的参与,以确保量表更贴合实际需求。
  • 广东省哲学社会科学规划2022年度青年项目(GD22YGL21)
  • 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金联合基金项目(粤穗、粤深、粤佛、粤莞)(2021A1515110436)
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2025年第52卷第4期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408190
  • 接收时间:2024-08-14
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-02-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-08-14
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广东省哲学社会科学规划2022年度青年项目(GD22YGL21)
广东省基础与应用基础研究基金联合基金项目(粤穗、粤深、粤佛、粤莞)(2021A1515110436)
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    1.广东医科大学附属东莞第一医院,广东 东莞 523710
    2.广东医科大学卫生法制与政策研究所
    3.广东医科大学生命质量与应用心理研究中心,生命质量与心理测评干预重点实验室
    4.东莞市塘厦镇社区卫生服务中心

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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