Article(id=1241036334341616027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036327177744706, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503521, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743264000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-30, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815719446, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1757433600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815719446, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815719446, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815719446, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241036327177744706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='17', pageStart='3073', pageEnd='3264', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815717738, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773840080282, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241138511152206262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036327177744706, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241138511152206263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036327177744706, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3202, endPage=3207, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241036335125950898, articleId=1241036334341616027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=An investigation into the determinants of pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination for women of childbearing age based on Andersen model, columnId=1228016572451718132, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health and Social Behavior, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To explore the factors affecting the acceptance of pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination for women of childbearing age and provide evidence for improving pre-pregnancy health care services.
Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to investigate the pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination of 1 995 women of childbearing age in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province through questionnaires. Based on the Andersen theoretical model, four logistic regression analysis models were established to explore the factors influencing the acceptance of pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination by women of childbearing age.
Results The rate of pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination was 61.1%, of which 53.1% were free and 46.9% were self-paid. The predisposing characteristics, enabling resource-financing, enabling resource-organization and perceived needs were incorporated into the regression model layer by layer. It was found that enabling resource-organization had the greatest impact. Model 4 had the strongest overall explanatory power. Logistic regression analysis results showed that women of childbearing age without insurance or only with commercial insurance (OR=0.526, 95% CI: 0.278-0.996) and those who purchased the urban-rural resident basic medical insurance (OR=0.757, 95% CI:0.597-0.959) had a lower rate of pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination compared to those who purchased urban employee basic medical insurance (P<0.05). From the organizational perspective, women of childbearing age who knew about the free pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination policy (OR=2.907, 95% CI: 2.267-3.728). From the perceived demand perspective, women who planned to get pregnant (OR=1.811,95% CI: 1.459-2.249) were more inclined to accept the pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination (P<0.05).
Conclusion It is necessary to further promote the implementation of free pre-pregnancy health care service policy, strengthen health education based on primary medical and health institutions, and promote more women of childbearing age to take the initiative to accept pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination services.
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目的 探索影响育龄妇女接受孕前优生健康检查的因素,为优化孕前保健服务提供依据。
方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,通过问卷调查四川省绵阳市1 995名育龄妇女孕前优生健康检查情况,以Andersen理论模型为基本框架,建立4个logistic回归分析模型,探讨影响育龄妇女接受孕前优生健康检查的因素。
结果 育龄妇女孕前优生健康检查率为61.1%,其中免费检查占53.1%,自费检查占46.9%。将倾向性特征、使能资源-资金、使能资源-组织和感知需求逐层纳入回归模型,发现“使能资源-组织”影响最大。模型4的整体解释力最强,logistic回归分析结果表明,使能资源中,无保险或仅商业保险(OR=0.526,95%CI:0.278 ~ 0.996)、购买城乡居民医疗保险(OR=0.757,95%CI:0.597 ~ 0.959)较购买城镇职工医疗保险的育龄妇女的孕前优生健康检查率低(P<0.05);组织方面,做检查前知晓免费孕前优生健康检查政策(OR=2.907,95%CI:2.267 ~ 3.728)的育龄妇女更倾向于接受孕前优生健康检查(P<0.05);感知需求中,计划妊娠(OR=1.811, 95%CI:1.459 ~ 2.249)的育龄妇女更倾向于接受孕前优生健康检查(P<0.05)。
结论 需积极推动免费孕前保健服务政策实施,强化基于基层医疗卫生机构的健康教育,推动更多育龄妇女主动接受孕前优生健康检查服务。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=VGzYRICCeSgS8H4UmDTgOg==, magXml=hmGNMd+Yyu5wyD11QQJWNg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=OuaFK/gA7lZTRzYxcrVTVw==, pdfFileSize=670490, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=BsbJkD6crJcu9Q0/Z8TE4A==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
温敏(1993-),女,硕士在读,研究方向:儿少卫生与妇幼保健
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72(725): e865-e872., articleTitle=Effectiveness of preconception interventions in primary care: a systematic review, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241139382011351093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, awardId=Q23032, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省医学青年创新科研课题计划(Q23032), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241139382153957440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, awardId=SWFZ22-Y-27, language=CN, fundingSource=川北医学院2022年度四川省基层卫生事业发展研究中心资助项目(SWFZ22-Y-27), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241139377565389636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241139377573778244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, companyId=1241139377565389636, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health / West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu, Sichuan 610000,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241139377582166855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, companyId=1241139377565389636, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
1.四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241139377699607375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241139377707995984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, companyId=1241139377699607375, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.绵阳市妇幼保健院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241139379528324089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Basic information of pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination for women of childbearing age [n(%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 分类 | 分析项 | 孕前优生健康检查人数 | 孕前优生健康检查类型占比 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 自费 | 免费 |
|---|
| 倾向性特征 | 年龄(岁) | | | | | | |
| <25 | | 204(54.1) | 109(53.4) | 95(46.6) | 15.859 | <0.001 |
| 25 ~ 29 | | 569(64.6) | 242(42.5) | 327(57.5) | | |
| 30 ~ 34 | | 309(58.5) | 149(48.2) | 160(51.8) | | |
| ≥35 | | 138(66.0) | 72(52.2) | 66(47.8) | | |
| 生育经历 | | | | | | |
| 初次生育 | | 664(62.5) | 300(45.2) | 364(54.8) | 1.648 | 0.199 |
| 再次生育 | | 556(59.7) | 272(48.9) | 284(51.1) | | |
| 民族 | | | | | | |
| 汉族 | | 1 154(61.1) | 544(47.1) | 610(52.9) | 0.058 | 0.809 |
| 少数民族 | | 66(62.3) | 28(42.4) | 38(57.6) | | |
| 常住地类型 | | | | | | |
| 城市 | | 422(61.7) | 214(50.7) | 208(49.3) | 1.174 | 0.556 |
| 城镇 | | 480(62.0) | 207(43.1) | 273(56.9) | | |
| 农村 | | 318(59.2) | 151(47.5) | 167(52.5) | | |
| 户口 | | | | | | |
| 农业 | | 695(58.0) | 346(49.8) | 349(50.2) | 12.442 | <0.001 |
| 非农业 | | 525(65.9) | 226(43.0) | 299(57.0) | | |
| 教育程度 | | | | | | |
| 初中及以下 | | 182(55.0) | 98(53.8) | 84(46.2) | 37.443 | <0.001 |
| 高中/中专 | | 248(51.9) | 134(54.0) | 114(46.0) | | |
| 大专 | | 431(66.6) | 200(46.4) | 231(53.6) | | |
| 本科及研究生 | | 359(66.6) | 140(39.0) | 219(61.0) | | |
| 独生子女 | | | | | | |
| 否 | | 755(59.7) | 355(47.0) | 400(53.0) | 2.936 | 0.087 |
| 是 | | 465(63.6) | 217(46.7) | 248(53.3) | | |
| 就业 | | | | | | |
| 否 | | 217(51.4) | 109(50.2) | 108(49.8) | 21.334 | <0.001 |
| 是 | | 1 003(63.7) | 463(46.2) | 540(53.8) | | |
| 住房性质 | | | | | | |
| 购买住房 | | 634(62.8) | 288(45.4) | 346(54.6) | 2.533 | 0.282 |
| 自建住房或其他 | | 455(59.1) | 224(49.2) | 231(54.2) | | |
| 租房 | | 131(60.4) | 60(46.9) | 71(53.1) | | |
| 使能资源 | 资金 | 年家庭经济收入(万元) | | | | | |
| | <3 | 287(60.6) | 152(53.0) | 135(47.0) | 3.468 | 0.325 |
| | 3 ~ 8 | 501(60.8) | 224(44.7) | 277(55.3) | | |
| | >8 ~ 15 | 309(64.1) | 148(47.9) | 161(52.1) | | |
| | >15 | 123(56.9) | 48(39.0) | 75(61.0) | | |
| | 社会医疗保险 | | | | | |
| | 无保险或仅商业保险 | 20(42.6) | 13(65.0) | 7(35.0) | 41.916 | <0.001 |
| | 城乡居民医疗保险 | 404(53.4) | 213(51.4) | 201(48.6) | | |
| | 城镇职工医疗保险 | 726(67.2) | 346(44.0) | 440(56.0) | | |
| 组织 | 知晓免费孕前优生健康检查政策 | | | | | |
| | 否 | 129(28.2) | 79(61.2) | 50(38.8) | 115.883 | <0.001 |
| | 是 | 1 091(66.6) | 493(45.2) | 598(54.8) | | |
| 感知需求 | 计划妊娠 | | | | | | |
| 否 | | 239(47.1) | 113(47.3) | 126(52.7) | 56.186 | <0.001 |
| 是 | | 981(65.9) | 459(46.8) | 522(53.2) | | |
| 患有疾病 | | | | | | |
| 否 | | 1 045(62.5) | 494(47.3) | 551(52.7) | 8.725 | 0.003 |
| 是 | | 175(53.8) | 78(44.6) | 97(55.4) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139379641569285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
育龄妇女孕前优生健康检查基本情况[n(%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 分类 | 分析项 | 孕前优生健康检查人数 | 孕前优生健康检查类型占比 | χ2值 | P值 |
|---|
| 自费 | 免费 |
|---|
| 倾向性特征 | 年龄(岁) | | | | | | |
| <25 | | 204(54.1) | 109(53.4) | 95(46.6) | 15.859 | <0.001 |
| 25 ~ 29 | | 569(64.6) | 242(42.5) | 327(57.5) | | |
| 30 ~ 34 | | 309(58.5) | 149(48.2) | 160(51.8) | | |
| ≥35 | | 138(66.0) | 72(52.2) | 66(47.8) | | |
| 生育经历 | | | | | | |
| 初次生育 | | 664(62.5) | 300(45.2) | 364(54.8) | 1.648 | 0.199 |
| 再次生育 | | 556(59.7) | 272(48.9) | 284(51.1) | | |
| 民族 | | | | | | |
| 汉族 | | 1 154(61.1) | 544(47.1) | 610(52.9) | 0.058 | 0.809 |
| 少数民族 | | 66(62.3) | 28(42.4) | 38(57.6) | | |
| 常住地类型 | | | | | | |
| 城市 | | 422(61.7) | 214(50.7) | 208(49.3) | 1.174 | 0.556 |
| 城镇 | | 480(62.0) | 207(43.1) | 273(56.9) | | |
| 农村 | | 318(59.2) | 151(47.5) | 167(52.5) | | |
| 户口 | | | | | | |
| 农业 | | 695(58.0) | 346(49.8) | 349(50.2) | 12.442 | <0.001 |
| 非农业 | | 525(65.9) | 226(43.0) | 299(57.0) | | |
| 教育程度 | | | | | | |
| 初中及以下 | | 182(55.0) | 98(53.8) | 84(46.2) | 37.443 | <0.001 |
| 高中/中专 | | 248(51.9) | 134(54.0) | 114(46.0) | | |
| 大专 | | 431(66.6) | 200(46.4) | 231(53.6) | | |
| 本科及研究生 | | 359(66.6) | 140(39.0) | 219(61.0) | | |
| 独生子女 | | | | | | |
| 否 | | 755(59.7) | 355(47.0) | 400(53.0) | 2.936 | 0.087 |
| 是 | | 465(63.6) | 217(46.7) | 248(53.3) | | |
| 就业 | | | | | | |
| 否 | | 217(51.4) | 109(50.2) | 108(49.8) | 21.334 | <0.001 |
| 是 | | 1 003(63.7) | 463(46.2) | 540(53.8) | | |
| 住房性质 | | | | | | |
| 购买住房 | | 634(62.8) | 288(45.4) | 346(54.6) | 2.533 | 0.282 |
| 自建住房或其他 | | 455(59.1) | 224(49.2) | 231(54.2) | | |
| 租房 | | 131(60.4) | 60(46.9) | 71(53.1) | | |
| 使能资源 | 资金 | 年家庭经济收入(万元) | | | | | |
| | <3 | 287(60.6) | 152(53.0) | 135(47.0) | 3.468 | 0.325 |
| | 3 ~ 8 | 501(60.8) | 224(44.7) | 277(55.3) | | |
| | >8 ~ 15 | 309(64.1) | 148(47.9) | 161(52.1) | | |
| | >15 | 123(56.9) | 48(39.0) | 75(61.0) | | |
| | 社会医疗保险 | | | | | |
| | 无保险或仅商业保险 | 20(42.6) | 13(65.0) | 7(35.0) | 41.916 | <0.001 |
| | 城乡居民医疗保险 | 404(53.4) | 213(51.4) | 201(48.6) | | |
| | 城镇职工医疗保险 | 726(67.2) | 346(44.0) | 440(56.0) | | |
| 组织 | 知晓免费孕前优生健康检查政策 | | | | | |
| | 否 | 129(28.2) | 79(61.2) | 50(38.8) | 115.883 | <0.001 |
| | 是 | 1 091(66.6) | 493(45.2) | 598(54.8) | | |
| 感知需求 | 计划妊娠 | | | | | | |
| 否 | | 239(47.1) | 113(47.3) | 126(52.7) | 56.186 | <0.001 |
| 是 | | 981(65.9) | 459(46.8) | 522(53.2) | | |
| 患有疾病 | | | | | | |
| 否 | | 1 045(62.5) | 494(47.3) | 551(52.7) | 8.725 | 0.003 |
| 是 | | 175(53.8) | 78(44.6) | 97(55.4) | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139379771592713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Related indicators of goodness of fit
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 |
|---|
| 倾向性特征 | √ | √ | √ | √ |
| 使能资源-资金 | | √ | √ | √ |
| 使能资源-组织 | | | √ | √ |
| 感知需求 | | | | √ |
| 模型拟合指标 | | | | |
| AIC | 2 623.765 | 2 617.283 | 2 529.339 | 2 499.730 |
| BIC(SC) | 2 674.151 | 2 667.669 | 2 585.323 | 2 566.910 |
| -2 Log L | 2 605.765 | 2 599.283 | 2 509.339 | 2 475.730 |
| Cox Snell R2 | 0.029 5 | 0.032 7 | 0.075 3 | 0.090 8 |
| Nagelkerke R2 | 0.040 1 | 0.044 3 | 0.102 2 | 0.123 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139379930976275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
拟合优度相关指标
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 模型1 | 模型2 | 模型3 | 模型4 |
|---|
| 倾向性特征 | √ | √ | √ | √ |
| 使能资源-资金 | | √ | √ | √ |
| 使能资源-组织 | | | √ | √ |
| 感知需求 | | | | √ |
| 模型拟合指标 | | | | |
| AIC | 2 623.765 | 2 617.283 | 2 529.339 | 2 499.730 |
| BIC(SC) | 2 674.151 | 2 667.669 | 2 585.323 | 2 566.910 |
| -2 Log L | 2 605.765 | 2 599.283 | 2 509.339 | 2 475.730 |
| Cox Snell R2 | 0.029 5 | 0.032 7 | 0.075 3 | 0.090 8 |
| Nagelkerke R2 | 0.040 1 | 0.044 3 | 0.102 2 | 0.123 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139380035833883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Logistic regression analysis results
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 分类 | 变量 | 参数估计 | 标准误 | Waldχ2值 | P值 | OR值(95%CI) |
|---|
| 倾向性特征 | | 本次生育年龄(岁,ref:≥35) | | | | | |
| | <25 | -0.329 | 0.189 | 3.029 | 0.082 | 0.719(0.496 ~ 1.042) |
| | 25 ~ 29 | -0.056 | 0.171 | 0.107 | 0.744 | 0.946(0.676 ~ 1.322) |
| | 30 ~ 34 | -0.332 | 0.179 | 3.451 | 0.063 | 0.717(0.505 ~ 1.019) |
| | 教育程度(ref:本科及研究生) | | | | | |
| | 初中及以下 | -0.029 | 0.175 | 0.028 | 0.867 | 0.971(0.689 ~ 1.369) |
| | 高中/中专 | -0.291 | 0.152 | 3.657 | 0.056 | 0.748(0.555 ~ 1.007) |
| | 大专 | 0.137 | 0.131 | 1.094 | 0.296 | 1.147(0.887 ~ 1.482) |
| 使能资源 | 资金 | 社会医疗保险(ref:城镇职工医疗保险) | | | | | |
| | 无保险或仅商业保险 | -0.642 | 0.325 | 3.893 | 0.049 | 0.526(0.278 ~ 0.996) |
| | 城乡居民医疗保险 | -0.279 | 0.121 | 5.325 | 0.021 | 0.757(0.597 ~ 0.959) |
| 组织 | 知晓免费孕前优生健康检查政策(ref:否) | 1.067 | 0.127 | 70.697 | <0.001 | 2.907(2.267 ~ 3.728) |
| 感知需求 | | 计划妊娠(ref:否) | 0.594 | 0.110 | 28.943 | <0.001 | 1.811(1.459 ~ 2.249) |
| | 患有疾病(ref:否) | -0.244 | 0.130 | 3.518 | 0.061 | 0.784(0.607 ~ 1.011) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139381621280804, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036334341616027, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
Logistic回归多因素分析结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 分类 | 变量 | 参数估计 | 标准误 | Waldχ2值 | P值 | OR值(95%CI) |
|---|
| 倾向性特征 | | 本次生育年龄(岁,ref:≥35) | | | | | |
| | <25 | -0.329 | 0.189 | 3.029 | 0.082 | 0.719(0.496 ~ 1.042) |
| | 25 ~ 29 | -0.056 | 0.171 | 0.107 | 0.744 | 0.946(0.676 ~ 1.322) |
| | 30 ~ 34 | -0.332 | 0.179 | 3.451 | 0.063 | 0.717(0.505 ~ 1.019) |
| | 教育程度(ref:本科及研究生) | | | | | |
| | 初中及以下 | -0.029 | 0.175 | 0.028 | 0.867 | 0.971(0.689 ~ 1.369) |
| | 高中/中专 | -0.291 | 0.152 | 3.657 | 0.056 | 0.748(0.555 ~ 1.007) |
| | 大专 | 0.137 | 0.131 | 1.094 | 0.296 | 1.147(0.887 ~ 1.482) |
| 使能资源 | 资金 | 社会医疗保险(ref:城镇职工医疗保险) | | | | | |
| | 无保险或仅商业保险 | -0.642 | 0.325 | 3.893 | 0.049 | 0.526(0.278 ~ 0.996) |
| | 城乡居民医疗保险 | -0.279 | 0.121 | 5.325 | 0.021 | 0.757(0.597 ~ 0.959) |
| 组织 | 知晓免费孕前优生健康检查政策(ref:否) | 1.067 | 0.127 | 70.697 | <0.001 | 2.907(2.267 ~ 3.728) |
| 感知需求 | | 计划妊娠(ref:否) | 0.594 | 0.110 | 28.943 | <0.001 | 1.811(1.459 ~ 2.249) |
| | 患有疾病(ref:否) | -0.244 | 0.130 | 3.518 | 0.061 | 0.784(0.607 ~ 1.011) |
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