Article(id=1241036329333609283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036327177744706, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503438, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1742918400000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815718253, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1757433600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815718253, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815718253, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815718253, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241036327177744706, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='17', pageStart='3073', pageEnd='3264', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815717738, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773840080282, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241138511152206262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036327177744706, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241138511152206263, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036327177744706, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3093, endPage=3098, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241036331338486604, articleId=1241036329333609283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=The impact of physical inactivity on depressive symptoms in Chinese elderly: analysis of the chain mediating role of self-care ability and self-rated health, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To explore the mediating roles of self-care ability and self-rated health between physical inactivity and depressive symptoms among elderly individuals.
Methods Data from 8 279 participants (≥60 years) in the 2020 CHARLS database were analyzed using correlation and regression to explore the relationship between physical inactivity, self-care ability, self-rated health and depressive symptoms. The chain mediating effect model was used to analyze the multiple mediating effects.
Results Depressive symptoms prevalence was 40.89% among people aged 60 and above. Physical inactivity (β=0.402, P<0.01), self-care ability (β=-0.186, P<0.001) and self-rated health (β=-1.724, P<0.001) directly predicted depressive symptoms. The simple mediation effects were 0.142 for self-care ability and 0.072 for self-rated health between physical inactivity and depressive symptoms, with a chain mediation effect of 0.056.
Conclusion Self-care ability and self-rated health have a direct mediating effect and a chain mediating effect between physical inactivity and depressive symptoms in the elderly. Enhancing physical activity may improve body functional capacity, self-care ability and health, thereby reducing depressive symptoms risk.
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目的 探讨自理能力和自评健康在老年人身体活动不足和抑郁症状的中介作用。
方法 选取8 279名2020年CHARLS数据库中年龄≥60的老年人作为研究对象,通过相关分析和回归分析探究身体活动不足、自理能力、自评健康与抑郁症状之间的关系,采用链式中介效应模型分析其间的多重中介效应。
结果 60岁以上老年人抑郁症状发生率为40.89%。身体活动不足(β=0.402,P<0.01)、自理能力(β=-0.186,P<0.001)及自评健康(β=-1.724,P<0.001)都对老年人抑郁症状有直接影响。自理能力和自评健康在老年人身体活动不足和抑郁症状之间的简单中介效应值分别为0.142和0.072,链式中介效应为0.056。
结论 自理能力与自评健康在老年人身体活动不足与抑郁症状之间存在直接中介效应和链式中介效应,通过适度的身体活动干预可充分调动老年人身体机能,增强其生活自理能力和健康水平,减少或预防抑郁症状的发生。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=65EAQSYWHcs6brmbOvm/VA==, magXml=ep07ykPpmuVO0MXaHRejww==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=4jIwbqfPA7sLn6Ypq9n6oQ==, pdfFileSize=869934, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=GeCo0rPBQrFVaYioGTDdNA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Umdkn7yanO/hOULx//BTzg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
肖先林(2001—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理;
李胜(1971—)男,博士,教授,卫生管理与政策、健康促进与教育方向。
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58(8): 34-41.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Theory and practice of smart sports services promoting positive aging, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241139379238917092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, awardId=FJZY2017009; FJZY201701 8, language=CN, fundingSource=国家中医药管理局政策研究项目(FJZY2017009; FJZY201701 8), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241139379364746219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, awardId=CXTD2018021, language=CN, fundingSource=成都中医药大学杏林学者学科人才科研提升计划(CXTD2018021), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241139373853430408, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241139373857624713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, companyId=1241139373853430408, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Management, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241139373866013322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, companyId=1241139373853430408, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2.成都中医药大学健康政策与药事运营管理研究中心,四川 成都 611137)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241139377510863678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=
Variable screening flow chart, figureFileSmall=MWLPh8UQhj5xP+m0v1hZJw==, figureFileBig=6HHUwWdx1CYxGbl+bJFypA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241139377615721290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
变量筛选流程图, figureFileSmall=MWLPh8UQhj5xP+m0v1hZJw==, figureFileBig=6HHUwWdx1CYxGbl+bJFypA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241139377766716247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=
Diagram of the chain mediation model of physical inactivity, self-care ability, self-rated health and depressive symptoms, figureFileSmall=sWGlv8q+BD8TMlgnZLDubw==, figureFileBig=PqZThG5463M/Tb5O0J2lLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241139377879962470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
身体活动不足、自理能力、自评健康及抑郁症状的链式中介模型图, figureFileSmall=sWGlv8q+BD8TMlgnZLDubw==, figureFileBig=PqZThG5463M/Tb5O0J2lLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241139378030957425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Categorical variable assignment table
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| 变量 | 赋值 |
|---|
| 性别 | 男=1,女=2 |
| 年龄(岁) | 60~64=1,65~69=2,70~74=3,≥75=4 |
| 文化程度 | 文盲=1,小学及以下=2,初中=3,高中及以上=4 |
| 婚姻状况 | 已婚=1,其他=0 |
| 居住地类型 | 城市=1,农村=0 |
| 有无收入 | 有=1,无=0 |
| 是否患有慢性病 | 是=1,否=0 |
| 夜间睡眠(h) | <6=1,6~8=2,>8=3 |
| 是否患有身体活动不足 | 是=1,否=0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139378135815035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
分类变量赋值表
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| 变量 | 赋值 |
|---|
| 性别 | 男=1,女=2 |
| 年龄(岁) | 60~64=1,65~69=2,70~74=3,≥75=4 |
| 文化程度 | 文盲=1,小学及以下=2,初中=3,高中及以上=4 |
| 婚姻状况 | 已婚=1,其他=0 |
| 居住地类型 | 城市=1,农村=0 |
| 有无收入 | 有=1,无=0 |
| 是否患有慢性病 | 是=1,否=0 |
| 夜间睡眠(h) | <6=1,6~8=2,>8=3 |
| 是否患有身体活动不足 | 是=1,否=0 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139378219701124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Analysis of the differences in depressive symptoms among different survey subjects
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 人数 | 是否患有抑郁症状 | χ2 /t值 | v | P值 |
|---|
| 有抑郁症状 | 无抑郁症状 |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | 246.1333 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 男 | 4 182 | 1 359 | 2 823 | | | |
| 女 | 4 097 | 2 026 | 2 071 | | | |
| 年龄(岁) | | | | 13.8128 | 3 | 0.003 |
| 60~64 | 2 865 | 1 107 | 1 758 | | | |
| 65~69 | 2 620 | 1 083 | 1 537 | | | |
| 70~74 | 1 538 | 682 | 856 | | | |
| ≥75 | 1 256 | 513 | 743 | | | |
| 文化程度 | | | | 284.8586 | 3 | <0.001 |
| 文盲 | 2 146 | 1 113 | 1 033 | | | |
| 小学及以下 | 3 760 | 1 601 | 2 159 | | | |
| 中学 | 1 459 | 461 | 998 | | | |
| 高中及以上 | 914 | 210 | 704 | | | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | 81.9715 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 已婚 | 6 594 | 2 533 | 4 061 | | | |
| 其他 | 1 685 | 852 | 833 | | | |
| 居住地类型 | | | | 194.5265 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 农村 | 4 915 | 2 316 | 2 599 | | | |
| 城市 | 3 364 | 1 069 | 2 295 | | | |
| 有无收入 | | | | 47.8152 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 无 | 7 135 | 3 024 | 4 111 | | | |
| 有 | 1 144 | 361 | 783 | | | |
| 有无慢性病 | | | | 121.7905 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 无 | 1 140 | 296 | 844 | | | |
| 有 | 7 139 | 3 089 | 4 050 | | | |
| 夜间睡眠(h) | | | | 427.6497 | 2 | <0.001 |
| <6 | 3 302 | 1 803 | 1 499 | | | |
| 6~8 | 3 166 | 1 002 | 2 164 | | | |
| >8 | 1 811 | 580 | 1 231 | | | |
| 身体活动不足 | | | | 29.3857 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 否 | 4 536 | 1 736 | 2 800 | | | |
| 是 | 3 743 | 1 649 | 2 094 | | | |
| 自评健康得分 | 8 279 | 79.62±8.05* | 82.70±4.01* | 31.144 | 8 277 | <0.001 |
| 自理能力得分 | 8 279 | 2.58±0.95* | 3.25±0.97* | 22.982 | 8 277 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139378353918863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
不同调查对象抑郁症状的差异性分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 人数 | 是否患有抑郁症状 | χ2 /t值 | v | P值 |
|---|
| 有抑郁症状 | 无抑郁症状 |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | 246.1333 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 男 | 4 182 | 1 359 | 2 823 | | | |
| 女 | 4 097 | 2 026 | 2 071 | | | |
| 年龄(岁) | | | | 13.8128 | 3 | 0.003 |
| 60~64 | 2 865 | 1 107 | 1 758 | | | |
| 65~69 | 2 620 | 1 083 | 1 537 | | | |
| 70~74 | 1 538 | 682 | 856 | | | |
| ≥75 | 1 256 | 513 | 743 | | | |
| 文化程度 | | | | 284.8586 | 3 | <0.001 |
| 文盲 | 2 146 | 1 113 | 1 033 | | | |
| 小学及以下 | 3 760 | 1 601 | 2 159 | | | |
| 中学 | 1 459 | 461 | 998 | | | |
| 高中及以上 | 914 | 210 | 704 | | | |
| 婚姻状况 | | | | 81.9715 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 已婚 | 6 594 | 2 533 | 4 061 | | | |
| 其他 | 1 685 | 852 | 833 | | | |
| 居住地类型 | | | | 194.5265 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 农村 | 4 915 | 2 316 | 2 599 | | | |
| 城市 | 3 364 | 1 069 | 2 295 | | | |
| 有无收入 | | | | 47.8152 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 无 | 7 135 | 3 024 | 4 111 | | | |
| 有 | 1 144 | 361 | 783 | | | |
| 有无慢性病 | | | | 121.7905 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 无 | 1 140 | 296 | 844 | | | |
| 有 | 7 139 | 3 089 | 4 050 | | | |
| 夜间睡眠(h) | | | | 427.6497 | 2 | <0.001 |
| <6 | 3 302 | 1 803 | 1 499 | | | |
| 6~8 | 3 166 | 1 002 | 2 164 | | | |
| >8 | 1 811 | 580 | 1 231 | | | |
| 身体活动不足 | | | | 29.3857 | 1 | <0.001 |
| 否 | 4 536 | 1 736 | 2 800 | | | |
| 是 | 3 743 | 1 649 | 2 094 | | | |
| 自评健康得分 | 8 279 | 79.62±8.05* | 82.70±4.01* | 31.144 | 8 277 | <0.001 |
| 自理能力得分 | 8 279 | 2.58±0.95* | 3.25±0.97* | 22.982 | 8 277 | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139378450387862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Correlation coefficients results between physical inactivity, self-care ability, self-rated health, and in the elderly depressive symptoms
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 身体活动不足 | 自理能力 | 自评健康 | 抑郁症状 |
|---|
| 身体活动不足 | 1 | | | |
| 自理能力 | -0.060** | 1 | | |
| 自评健康 | -0.052** | 0.400** | 1 | |
| 抑郁症状 | 0.086** | -0.384** | -0.395** | 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139378534273954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
身体活动不足、自理能力、自评健康及抑郁症状的相关性系数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 身体活动不足 | 自理能力 | 自评健康 | 抑郁症状 |
|---|
| 身体活动不足 | 1 | | | |
| 自理能力 | -0.060** | 1 | | |
| 自评健康 | -0.052** | 0.400** | 1 | |
| 抑郁症状 | 0.086** | -0.384** | -0.395** | 1 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139378647520171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Regression analysis results of chain mediation model of depressive symptoms in the elderly
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 模型1(自理能力) | 模型2(自评健康) | 模型3(抑郁) |
|---|
| β | t值 | β | t值 | β | t值 |
|---|
| (常量) | 81.436 | 145.442*** | -0.506 | -3.120** | 32.464 | 34.476*** |
| 性别 | -0.452 | -3.115* | -0.011 | -0.493 | 1.159 | 8.598*** |
| 年龄 | -0.681 | -10.284*** | 0.013 | 1.238 | -0.220 | -3.556*** |
| 文化程度 | 0.534 | 6.715*** | -0.005 | -0.439 | -0.770 | -10.422*** |
| 婚姻状况 | 0.173 | 1.003 | -0.025 | -0.949 | -1.255 | -7.868*** |
| 城乡 | 0.585 | 4.127*** | 0.152 | 6.961*** | -1.630 | -12.365*** |
| 收入 | 0.982 | 4.942*** | 0.213 | 6.968*** | -0.213 | -1.148 |
| 慢性病 | -1.571 | -8.133*** | -0.640 | -21.478*** | 0.631 | 3.413*** |
| 睡眠 | 0.664 | 7.618*** | 0.172 | 12.839*** | -1.371 | -16.723*** |
| 身体活动不足 | -0.757 | -5.686*** | -0.041 | -1.999* | 0.404 | 3.268** |
| 自理能力 | | | 0.042 | 25.123*** | -0.188 | -17.773*** |
| 自评健康 | | | | | -1.755 | -26.436*** |
| R2 | 0.061 | 0.175 | 0.280 |
| v | 9,8 269 | 10,8 268 | 11,8 267 |
| F值 | 60.054*** | 174.869*** | 291.5714*** |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139378781737906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
老年人抑郁症状链式中介模型回归分析结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 模型1(自理能力) | 模型2(自评健康) | 模型3(抑郁) |
|---|
| β | t值 | β | t值 | β | t值 |
|---|
| (常量) | 81.436 | 145.442*** | -0.506 | -3.120** | 32.464 | 34.476*** |
| 性别 | -0.452 | -3.115* | -0.011 | -0.493 | 1.159 | 8.598*** |
| 年龄 | -0.681 | -10.284*** | 0.013 | 1.238 | -0.220 | -3.556*** |
| 文化程度 | 0.534 | 6.715*** | -0.005 | -0.439 | -0.770 | -10.422*** |
| 婚姻状况 | 0.173 | 1.003 | -0.025 | -0.949 | -1.255 | -7.868*** |
| 城乡 | 0.585 | 4.127*** | 0.152 | 6.961*** | -1.630 | -12.365*** |
| 收入 | 0.982 | 4.942*** | 0.213 | 6.968*** | -0.213 | -1.148 |
| 慢性病 | -1.571 | -8.133*** | -0.640 | -21.478*** | 0.631 | 3.413*** |
| 睡眠 | 0.664 | 7.618*** | 0.172 | 12.839*** | -1.371 | -16.723*** |
| 身体活动不足 | -0.757 | -5.686*** | -0.041 | -1.999* | 0.404 | 3.268** |
| 自理能力 | | | 0.042 | 25.123*** | -0.188 | -17.773*** |
| 自评健康 | | | | | -1.755 | -26.436*** |
| R2 | 0.061 | 0.175 | 0.280 |
| v | 9,8 269 | 10,8 268 | 11,8 267 |
| F值 | 60.054*** | 174.869*** | 291.5714*** |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139378886595522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
Chain mediation path analysis of depressive symptoms in the elderly
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 路径 | 效应值(95%CI) | 标准误 | 效应占比(%) |
|---|
| 总效应 | 0.674(0.4134~0.9352) | 0.133 | 100.00 |
| 直接效应 | 0.404(0.1617~0.6463) | 0.124 | 59.94 |
| 间接效应 | 0.270(0.1706~0.3661) | 0.050 | 40.06 |
| 身体活动不足→自理能力→抑郁症状 | 0.142(0.0925~0.1950) | 0.026 | 21.07 |
| 身体活动不足→自评健康→抑郁症状 | 0.072(0.0008~0.1398) | 0.035 | 10.68 |
| 身体活动不足→自理能力→自评健康→抑郁症状 | 0.056(0.0366~0.0768) | 0.010 | 8.31 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241139379008230350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036329333609283, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
老年人抑郁症状链式中介路径分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 路径 | 效应值(95%CI) | 标准误 | 效应占比(%) |
|---|
| 总效应 | 0.674(0.4134~0.9352) | 0.133 | 100.00 |
| 直接效应 | 0.404(0.1617~0.6463) | 0.124 | 59.94 |
| 间接效应 | 0.270(0.1706~0.3661) | 0.050 | 40.06 |
| 身体活动不足→自理能力→抑郁症状 | 0.142(0.0925~0.1950) | 0.026 | 21.07 |
| 身体活动不足→自评健康→抑郁症状 | 0.072(0.0008~0.1398) | 0.035 | 10.68 |
| 身体活动不足→自理能力→自评健康→抑郁症状 | 0.056(0.0366~0.0768) | 0.010 | 8.31 |
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