Article(id=1241036255744553542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1737475200000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815700708, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815700708, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815700708, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815700708, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241036242561855785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='16', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3072', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815697565, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773840190562, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2970, endPage=2974, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241036256340144755, articleId=1241036255744553542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Analysis of the current situation of hospice care services in Chengdu and countermeasures research, columnId=1228016567846367388, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Policy and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

Understand the current situation of palliative care services in Chengdu, analyze existing problems, and provide policy recommendations for further promoting the development of palliative care.

Methods

Relying on the Chengdu Municipal Palliative Care Quality Control Center to conduct a cross-sectional survey and collect city-wide data related to palliative care.

Results

Thirty-three medical institutions provide palliative care services, offering a total of 512 beds, with 188 physicians, 325 nurses, 179 nursing aides, 59 social workers, and 145 volunteers. Medical staff with a master’s degree or higher and those with an associate senior title or higher account for 8.96% and 10.92%, respectively. The establishment rates of psychology and nutrition departments are 24.24% and 51.52%, respectively. Outpatient palliative care services include four items such as condition assessment and medication consultation, while inpatient services cover eight items including symptom control and comfort care. Home-based palliative care services consist of four items such as communication guidance and condition assessment. In 2022, a total of 2 295 palliative care patients were admitted, with an average length of stay of 18.02 days and an average cost per admission of 9 840 yuan.

Conclusion

There is a relative shortage of highly qualified health professionals in palliative care, a severe insufficiency in psychological and nutritional support services, and underutilization of palliative care resources. It is imperative to improve the palliative care service system, strengthen the training of specialized personnel, place greater emphasis on nutritional and psychological support services, and enhance the efficiency of palliative care resource utilization.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zhi-ren LONG, Chan YU, Min HE, Xi CHENG, Han ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241036258428908181, articleId=1241036255744553542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=成都市安宁疗护服务现状分析及对策研究, columnId=1228016568014139551, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=卫生政策与管理, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

了解成都市安宁疗护服务的现状,分析存在问题,为进一步推动安宁疗护发展提供政策建议。

方法

依托成都市安宁疗护质量控制中心开展横断面调查和收集全市安宁疗护相关数据。

结果

33家医疗机构提供安宁疗护服务,共有床位512张、医师188人、护士325人、护理员179人、社工59人、志愿者145人。硕士及以上学历和副高级及以上职称医务人员分别占8.96%和10.92%;心理科和营养科的设置比例分别为24.24%和51.52%。门诊安宁服务项目有病情评估、用药咨询等4项,住院安宁服务项目有症状控制、舒适照护等8项,居家安宁服务项目有沟通指导、病情评估等4项。2022年收治安宁疗护患者2 295人次,平均住院日18.02天,患者次均费用9 840元。

结论

高素质安宁疗护卫生专业技术人员相对不足、心理和营养支持服务严重不足、安宁疗护资源利用不足,应该健全安宁疗护服务体系,加强专业人才培养,更加重视营养和心理支持服务,提高安宁疗护资源利用效率。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张涵,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=UiR4grLZt8lnUK9csA96Rw==, magXml=bTVOoroD2M1zd0jZnzz+ew==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=ysDiJMDPDCBMdS1EC7c2gQ==, pdfFileSize=595880, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=+hQfkbBaiEeB9U/PhBFRYA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

龙治任(1985—),男,硕士,副主任技师,研究方向:医院管理和安宁疗护

, authorsList=龙治任, 于婵, 何敏, 程曦, 张涵)}, authors=[Author(id=1241057502247309930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241057502368944752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057502247309930, language=EN, stringName=Zhi-ren LONG, firstName=Zhi-ren, middleName=null, lastName=LONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital(Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College)Party Affairs Department, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241057502469608054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057502247309930, language=CN, stringName=龙治任, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)党务部,四川 成都 610000, bio={"content":"

龙治任(1985—),男,硕士,副主任技师,研究方向:医院管理和安宁疗护

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

龙治任(1985—),男,硕士,副主任技师,研究方向:医院管理和安宁疗护

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057501827879502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057501832073807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057501827879502, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital(Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College)Party Affairs Department, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057501840462415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057501827879502, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)党务部,四川 成都 610000)])]), Author(id=1241057502574465656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241057502746432128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057502574465656, language=EN, stringName=Chan YU, firstName=Chan, middleName=null, lastName=YU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241057502859678344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057502574465656, language=CN, stringName=于婵, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)呼吸内科, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057501920154195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057501928542805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057501920154195, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)呼吸内科)])]), Author(id=1241057502922592909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241057503061004952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057502922592909, language=EN, stringName=Min HE, firstName=Min, middleName=null, lastName=HE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241057503161668255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057502922592909, language=CN, stringName=何敏, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)科教部, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057502004040280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057502012428890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057502004040280, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)科教部)])]), Author(id=1241057503279108776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241057503392354994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057503279108776, language=EN, stringName=Xi CHENG, firstName=Xi, middleName=null, lastName=CHENG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241057503488823991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057503279108776, language=CN, stringName=程曦, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4.成都医学院检验医学院, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057502071149149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057502079537759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057502071149149, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.成都医学院检验医学院)])]), Author(id=1241057503547544254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=1908618318@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241057503635624649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057503547544254, language=EN, stringName=Han ZHANG, firstName=Han, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=5, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241057503719510737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, authorId=1241057503547544254, language=CN, stringName=张涵, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=5, address=5.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)安宁疗护中心, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057502171812451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=5., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057502180201061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057502171812451, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)安宁疗护中心)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241057503887282911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Hospice care), Keyword(id=1241057503983751911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Current situation analysis), Keyword(id=1241057504076026605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Countermeasures research), Keyword(id=1241057504138941173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Chengdu), Keyword(id=1241057504214438651, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=安宁疗护), Keyword(id=1241057504298324735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=现状分析), Keyword(id=1241057504373822213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=对策研究), Keyword(id=1241057504440931086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=成都)], refs=[Reference(id=1241057506097681313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=8, pageStart=11, pageEnd=13, 18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=吴玉苗, 李水静, 杨超, journalName=上海医药, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴玉苗,李水静,杨超,等.上海市安宁疗护服务提供现况调查分析[J].上海医药2022,43(8):11-13, 18., articleTitle=上海市安宁疗护服务提供现况调查分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057506185761703, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=8, pageStart=11, pageEnd=13, 18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Wu YM, Li SJ, Yang C, journalName=Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu YM, Li SJ, Yang C, et al. Investigation andanalysis of the current situation of the provision of hospice care service in Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal, 2022, 43(8): 11-13, 18. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Investigation andanalysis of the current situation of the provision of hospice care service in Shanghai, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057506290619310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=22, issue=2, pageStart=175, pageEnd=180, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=虞莹, 陈丹霞, 张盼盼, journalName=中华全科医师杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=虞莹,陈丹霞,张盼盼,等.上海市医疗卫生机构安宁疗护医护人员工作压力现状及影响因素研究[J].中华全科医师杂志2023,22(2):175-180., articleTitle=上海市医疗卫生机构安宁疗护医护人员工作压力现状及影响因素研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057506412254136, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=22, issue=2, pageStart=175, pageEnd=180, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Yu Y, Chen DX, Zhang PP, journalName=Chinese Journal of General Practitioners, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu Y,Chen DX, Zhang PP, et al. Status quo and influencing factors of work stress among hospice care physicians and nurses[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practitioners, 2023, 22(2): 175-180. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Status quo and influencing factors of work stress among hospice care physicians and nurses, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057506512917439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=5, pageStart=387, pageEnd=390, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=王红, 彭娜, 范月英, journalName=中华医院管理杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王红,彭娜,范月英,等.北京市某区安宁疗护服务现状分析[J].中华医院管理杂志2022,38(5):387-390., articleTitle=北京市某区安宁疗护服务现状分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057506609386438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=38, issue=5, pageStart=387, pageEnd=390, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Wang H, Peng N, Fan YY, journalName=Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang H, Peng N, Fan YY, et al. Analysis on the current situation of hospice care service in a district of Beijing[J]. Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration, 2022, 38(5): 387-390. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis on the current situation of hospice care service in a district of Beijing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057506705855436, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=24, issue=12, pageStart=1541, pageEnd=1545, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=杨森, 赵华新, 牛晓敏, journalName=中国全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨森,赵华新,牛晓敏,等.上海市中心城区社区医疗机构肿瘤安宁疗护资源使用状况调查及医护人员职业满意度分析[J].中国全科医学2021,24(12):1541-1545., articleTitle=上海市中心城区社区医疗机构肿瘤安宁疗护资源使用状况调查及医护人员职业满意度分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057506835878871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=24, issue=12, pageStart=1541, pageEnd=1545, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Yang S, Zhao HX, Niu XM, journalName=Chinese General Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang S, Zhao HX, Niu XM, et al.Investigation on the use of hospice resources and analysis of professional satisfaction of medical staff in community medical institutions in central Shanghai[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2021, 24(12): 1541-1545. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Investigation on the use of hospice resources and analysis of professional satisfaction of medical staff in community medical institutions in central Shanghai, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057506936542173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=21, issue=8, pageStart=1056, pageEnd=1059, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=高星, 徐丹丹, 叶双, journalName=全科护理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=高星,徐丹丹,叶双,等.安宁疗护护理人才队伍发展的现状及思考——以海南省为例[J].全科护理2023,21(8):1056-1059., articleTitle=安宁疗护护理人才队伍发展的现状及思考——以海南省为例, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507041399781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=21, issue=8, pageStart=1056, pageEnd=1059, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Gao X, Xu DD, Ye S, journalName=Chinese General Practice Nursing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gao X, Xu DD, Ye S, et al.The current situation and thinking of the development of hospice nursing team —— taking Hainan Province as an example[J]. Chinese General Practice Nursing, 2023, 21(8): 1056-1059. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The current situation and thinking of the development of hospice nursing team —— taking Hainan Province as an example, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507154645999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=25, issue=19, pageStart=2330, pageEnd=2335, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=10, authorNames=赵越, 刘兰秋, journalName=中国全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵越,刘兰秋.英国和美国社区居家安宁疗护服务模式及其对我国的启示[J].中国全科医学2022,25(19):2330-2335., articleTitle=英国和美国社区居家安宁疗护服务模式及其对我国的启示, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507246920692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=25, issue=19, pageStart=2330, pageEnd=2335, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Zhao Y, Liu LQ, journalName=Chinese General Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao Y, Liu LQ. The model of community home-based hospice care delivery in the United Kingdom and the United States and its Enlightenment to China[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25(19): 2330-2335. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The model of community home-based hospice care delivery in the United Kingdom and the United States and its Enlightenment to China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507402109953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=43, issue=19, pageStart=2374, pageEnd=2376, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=12, authorNames=潘琪妮, 陶品月, 李小红, journalName=广西医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘琪妮,陶品月,李小红,等.广西安宁疗护工作开展现状的调查分析[J].广西医学2021,43(19):2374-2376., articleTitle=广西安宁疗护工作开展现状的调查分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507574075410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=43, issue=19, pageStart=2374, pageEnd=2376, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Pan QN, Tao PY, Li XH, journalName=Guangxi Medical Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pan QN, Tao PY, Li XH, et al.Investigation and analysis of the current situation of nursing care work in Guangxi[J]. Guangxi Medical Journal, 2021, 43(19): 2374-2376. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Investigation and analysis of the current situation of nursing care work in Guangxi, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507787984926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=22, issue=4, pageStart=367, pageEnd=372, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=14, authorNames=虞莹, 陈丹霞, 张盼盼, journalName=中华全科医师杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=虞莹,陈丹霞,张盼盼,等.上海市社区卫生服务中心安宁疗护服务现况调查分析[J].中华全科医师杂志2023,22(4):367-372., articleTitle=上海市社区卫生服务中心安宁疗护服务现况调查分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507922202666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=22, issue=4, pageStart=367, pageEnd=372, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Yu Y, Chen DX, Zhang PP, journalName=Chinese Journal of General Practitioners, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu Y, Chen DX, Zhang PP, et al. Status quo of hospice care service in community health service centers in Shanghai[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practitioners, 2023, 22(4): 367-372. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Status quo of hospice care service in community health service centers in Shanghai, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508052226102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=37, issue=22, pageStart=3981, pageEnd=3989, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=16, authorNames=张颖, 罗岚, 郝燕萍, journalName=护理研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张颖,罗岚,郝燕萍,等.安宁疗护护理质量现状调查及对策分析[J].护理研究2023,37(22):3981-3989., articleTitle=安宁疗护护理质量现状调查及对策分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508186443836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=37, issue=22, pageStart=3981, pageEnd=3989, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Zhang Y, Luo L, Hao YP, journalName=Chinese Nursing Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Y, Luo L, Hao YP, et al. Investigation and countermeasure analysis of palliativenursing care quality[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2023, 37(22): 3981-3989. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Investigation and countermeasure analysis of palliativenursing care quality, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508282912838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=41, issue=8, pageStart=47, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=18, authorNames=贾佳, 聂小菲, 吕翻翻, journalName=军事护理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=贾佳,聂小菲,吕翻翻,等.湖北省肿瘤科医护人员安宁疗护实践水平现状及其影响因素分析[J].军事护理2024,41(8):47-51., articleTitle=湖北省肿瘤科医护人员安宁疗护实践水平现状及其影响因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508404547661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=41, issue=8, pageStart=47, pageEnd=51, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Jia J, Nie XF, Lv FF, journalName=Military Nursing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jia J, Nie XF, Lv FF, et al. Status quo and the influencing factors of practice capability of palliative care among health-care professionals in oncology in Hubei province[J]. Military Nursing, 2024, 41(8): 47-51. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Status quo and the influencing factors of practice capability of palliative care among health-care professionals in oncology in Hubei province, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508521988182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=41, issue=5, pageStart=723, pageEnd=725, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=20, authorNames=宁晓红, journalName=中国医学科学院学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=宁晓红.中国缓和医疗的发展和思考[J].中国医学科学院学报2019,41(5):723-725., articleTitle=中国缓和医疗的发展和思考, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508610068570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=41, issue=5, pageStart=723, pageEnd=725, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Ning XH, journalName=Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ning XH.The development and thinking of palliative care in China[J]. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, 2019, 41(5): 723-725. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The development and thinking of palliative care in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508706537568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=43, issue=15, pageStart=1896, pageEnd=1899, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=22, authorNames=李小红, 张桂宁, 陈林, journalName=广西医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李小红,张桂宁,陈林,等.广西医学院校安宁疗护教育现状分析及对策[J].广西医学2021,43(15):1896-1899., articleTitle=广西医学院校安宁疗护教育现状分析及对策, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508803006566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=43, issue=15, pageStart=1896, pageEnd=1899, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Li XH, Zhang GN, Chen L, journalName=Journal of guangxi medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li XH, Zhang GN, Chen L, et al. Medical colleges in Guangxi peaceful care education present situation analysis and countermeasures[J]. Journal of guangxi medicine, 2021, 43(15): 1896-1899. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Medical colleges in Guangxi peaceful care education present situation analysis and countermeasures, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509000138865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=28, issue=6, pageStart=412, pageEnd=417, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Dickinson GE, journalName=The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dickinson GE. Thirty-five years of end-of-life issues in US medical schools[J]. The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care, 2011, 28(6): 412-417., articleTitle=Thirty-five years of end-of-life issues in US medical schools, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509197271162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=24, issue=6, pageStart=811, pageEnd=814, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=25, authorNames=陈蜀惠, 来小彬, 夏海鸥, journalName=中国卫生资源, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈蜀惠,来小彬,夏海鸥,等.上海市社区安宁疗护服务困境[J].中国卫生资源2021,24(6):811-814., articleTitle=上海市社区安宁疗护服务困境, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509293740162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=24, issue=6, pageStart=811, pageEnd=814, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Chen SH, Lai XB, Xia HO, journalName=Journal of health resources in China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen SH, Lai XB, Xia HO, et al. Shanghai peace community care service trouble[J]. Journal of health resources in China, 2021, 24(6): 811-814. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Shanghai peace community care service trouble, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509381820554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=21, issue=6, pageStart=683, pageEnd=685, 696, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=27, authorNames=温丽娜, 李亚, 宋芳, journalName=癌症进展, refType=null, unstructuredReference=温丽娜,李亚,宋芳.多学科协作诊疗式安宁疗护干预在终末期肿瘤患者中的应用[J].癌症进展2023,21(6):683-685, 696., articleTitle=多学科协作诊疗式安宁疗护干预在终末期肿瘤患者中的应用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509511843985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=21, issue=6, pageStart=683, pageEnd=685, 696, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Wen LN, Li Y, Song F, journalName=Oncology Progress, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wen LN, Li Y, Song F. Application of palliative care intervention based on multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment in end-stage cancer patients[J]. Oncology Progress, 2023, 21(6): 683-685, 696. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Application of palliative care intervention based on multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment in end-stage cancer patients, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509620895891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=47, issue=10, pageStart=1828, pageEnd=1832, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=29, authorNames=石洋, 石海丹, 刘红梅, journalName=现代预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=石洋,石海丹,刘红梅.陕西省医疗机构临床营养科建设现状调查分析[J].现代预防医学2020,47(10):1828-1832., articleTitle=陕西省医疗机构临床营养科建设现状调查分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509746725018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=47, issue=10, pageStart=1828, pageEnd=1832, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Shi Y, Shi HD, Liu HM, journalName=Modern Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shi Y, Shi HD, Liu HM. Current situation investigation on nutrition departments of hospitals in Shaanxi Province[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2020, 47(10): 1828-1832. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Current situation investigation on nutrition departments of hospitals in Shaanxi Province, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509889331362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=31, authorNames=成都市统计局, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=成都市统计局.成都统计年鉴2023[EB/OL].[2025-06-08].https://cdstats.chengdu.gov.cn/cdstjj/c155010/2023-12/29/content_d2483a7e5a7244e4be2b7886e0563edc.shtml., articleTitle=成都统计年鉴2023, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510048714921, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=32, authorNames=Chengdu Bureau of Statistics, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chengdu Bureau of Statistics. Chengdu statistical yearbook 2023[EB/OL]. [2025-06-08]. https://cdstats.chengdu.gov.cn/cdstjj/c155010/2023-12/29/content_d2483a7e5a7244e4be2b7886e0563edc.shtml. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Chengdu statistical yearbook 2023, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510178738354, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=9, pageStart=1306, pageEnd=1311, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=33, authorNames=张坤, 彭云云, 刘莉, journalName=中国护理管理, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张坤,彭云云,刘莉,等.社区老年慢性病人群安宁疗护需求现状及影响因素分析[J].中国护理管理2023,23(9):1306-1311., articleTitle=社区老年慢性病人群安宁疗护需求现状及影响因素分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510283595962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=9, pageStart=1306, pageEnd=1311, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=34, authorNames=Zhang K, Peng YY, Liu L, journalName=Journal of nursing management in China, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang K, Peng YY, Liu L, et al. Community elderly chronic crowd quiet care demand present situation and influence factors analysis[J]. Journal of nursing management in China, 2023, 23(9): 1306-1311. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Community elderly chronic crowd quiet care demand present situation and influence factors analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510451368132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=37, issue=5, pageStart=641, pageEnd=647, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=35, authorNames=van Wijmen MPS, Schweitzer BPM, Pasman HR, journalName=Family Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=van Wijmen MPS, Schweitzer BPM, Pasman HR, et al. Identify in patients who could benefit from palliative care by making use of the general practice in formation system:the surprise question versus the SPICT[J]. Family Practice, 2020, 37(5): 641-647., articleTitle=Identify in patients who could benefit from palliative care by making use of the general practice in formation system:the surprise question versus the SPICT, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510560420039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=25, issue=19, pageStart=2315, pageEnd=2319, 2324, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=36, authorNames=罗涛, 赵越, 刘兰秋, journalName=中国全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=罗涛,赵越,刘兰秋.健康老龄化视角下我国安宁疗护服务体系建设现状与对策建议[J].中国全科医学2022,25(19):2315-2319, 2324., articleTitle=健康老龄化视角下我国安宁疗护服务体系建设现状与对策建议, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510677860554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=25, issue=19, pageStart=2315, pageEnd=2319, 2324, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Luo T, Zhao Y, Liu LQ, journalName=Chinese General Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Luo T, Zhao Y, Liu LQ. Development of the hospice care system in Chinain the promotion of healthy ageing: status and recommendations for problems[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25(19): 2315-2319, 2324. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Development of the hospice care system in Chinain the promotion of healthy ageing: status and recommendations for problems, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510837244116, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=33, issue=7, pageStart=28, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=38, authorNames=李亚光, 罗仲伟, 秦苑, journalName=卫生软科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李亚光,罗仲伟,秦苑,等.我国安宁疗护存在的问题与对策研究[J].卫生软科学2019,33(7):28-32., articleTitle=我国安宁疗护存在的问题与对策研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510992433372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=33, issue=7, pageStart=28, pageEnd=32, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=39, authorNames=Li YG, Luo ZG, Qin Y, journalName=Journal of Health Soft Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li YG, Luo ZG, Qin Y, et al. Quiet care problems and countermeasures research in China[J]. Journal of Health Soft Science, 2019, 33(7): 28-32. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Quiet care problems and countermeasures research in China, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241057505837634438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, awardId=2023NSFSC0515, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省自然科学基金项目(2023NSFSC0515), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057501827879502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057501832073807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057501827879502, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital(Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College)Party Affairs Department, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057501840462415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057501827879502, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)党务部,四川 成都 610000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241057501920154195, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057501928542805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057501920154195, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)呼吸内科)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241057502004040280, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057502012428890, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057502004040280, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)科教部)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241057502071149149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057502079537759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057502071149149, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.成都医学院检验医学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241057502171812451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, xref=5., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057502180201061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, companyId=1241057502171812451, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)安宁疗护中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241057504646451997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Statistics table of basic information on palliative care services[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量
(家)
床位数
(张)
医师数
(人)
护士数
(人)
护理员数
(人)
社工数
(人)
一级9(27.27)34(6.64)45(23.94)70(21.54)34(18.99)9(15.25)
二级11(33.33)291(56.84)62(32.98)115(35.38)63(35.20)12(20.34)
三级13(39.39)187(36.52)81(43.09)140(43.08)82(45.81)38(64.41)
合计33(100.00)512(100.00)188(100.00)325(100.00)179(100.00)59(100.00)
标准-330c51b205b128c-
医院等级志愿者数
(人)
硕士学历医务人员数(人)副高及以上职称医务人员数(人)心理科
(个)a
营养科
(个)a
一级56(38.62)2(4.35)15(27.78)1(11.11)1(11.11)
二级30(20.69)6(13.04)15(27.78)2(18.19)7(63.64)
三级59(40.69)38(82.61)24(44.44)5(38.46)9(69.23)
合计145(100.00)46(100.00)54(100.00)8(24.24)17(51.52)
标准--33b33c33c
), ArticleFig(id=1241057504763892520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

安宁疗护服务基本情况统计表[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量
(家)
床位数
(张)
医师数
(人)
护士数
(人)
护理员数
(人)
社工数
(人)
一级9(27.27)34(6.64)45(23.94)70(21.54)34(18.99)9(15.25)
二级11(33.33)291(56.84)62(32.98)115(35.38)63(35.20)12(20.34)
三级13(39.39)187(36.52)81(43.09)140(43.08)82(45.81)38(64.41)
合计33(100.00)512(100.00)188(100.00)325(100.00)179(100.00)59(100.00)
标准-330c51b205b128c-
医院等级志愿者数
(人)
硕士学历医务人员数(人)副高及以上职称医务人员数(人)心理科
(个)a
营养科
(个)a
一级56(38.62)2(4.35)15(27.78)1(11.11)1(11.11)
二级30(20.69)6(13.04)15(27.78)2(18.19)7(63.64)
三级59(40.69)38(82.61)24(44.44)5(38.46)9(69.23)
合计145(100.00)46(100.00)54(100.00)8(24.24)17(51.52)
标准--33b33c33c
), ArticleFig(id=1241057504856167213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Statistical table of outpatient palliative care service items

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量门诊检查病情评估用药咨询门诊治疗
一级医院98777
二级医院119997
三级医院1311111110
合计3328272724
), ArticleFig(id=1241057504944247611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

门诊安宁疗护服务项目情况统计表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量门诊检查病情评估用药咨询门诊治疗
一级医院98777
二级医院119997
三级医院1311111110
合计3328272724
), ArticleFig(id=1241057505049105223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Statistical table of inpatient hospice care service items

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量症状控制心理支持人文关怀芳香护理生命教育音乐治疗舒适照护心理辅导、家庭会议
一级医院987947786
二级医院111171161171010
三级医院131313131013111313
合计333227332031253129
), ArticleFig(id=1241057505141379917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

住院安宁疗护服务项目情况统计表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量症状控制心理支持人文关怀芳香护理生命教育音乐治疗舒适照护心理辅导、家庭会议
一级医院987947786
二级医院111171161171010
三级医院131313131013111313
合计333227332031253129
), ArticleFig(id=1241057505242043228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Statistical table of hospice inpatient expenses

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量床位数
(张)
患者数
(人)
死亡数
(人)
平均住院天数均次费用
(元)
平均药占比
(%)
床位使用率
(%)
一级934604110.74 55732.815.17
二级1129179539422.2910 35236.716.68
三级131871 44039521.0814 61231.3644.47
合计335122 29583018.029 84033.6222.13
), ArticleFig(id=1241057505359483750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

安宁疗护住院患者费用情况统计表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量床位数
(张)
患者数
(人)
死亡数
(人)
平均住院天数均次费用
(元)
平均药占比
(%)
床位使用率
(%)
一级934604110.74 55732.815.17
二级1129179539422.2910 35236.716.68
三级131871 44039521.0814 61231.3644.47
合计335122 29583018.029 84033.6222.13
), ArticleFig(id=1241057505455952750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Statistical table of hospice services at home

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量沟通指导病情评估心灵照护心理辅导
一级医院97653
二级医院115544
三级医院131112910
合计3323231817
), ArticleFig(id=1241057505573393269, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255744553542, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

居家安宁疗护服务项目情况统计表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医院等级数量沟通指导病情评估心灵照护心理辅导
一级医院97653
二级医院115544
三级医院131112910
合计3323231817
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1770628902248, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1227669854342280188, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902278, updatedTime=1770628902278, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1227669854396806141, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902291, updatedTime=1770628902291, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
成都市安宁疗护服务现状分析及对策研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
龙治任 1 , 于婵 2 , 何敏 3 , 程曦 4 , 张涵 5
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2025,52(16): 2970-2974
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2025, 52(16): 2970-2974
成都市安宁疗护服务现状分析及对策研究
全屏
龙治任1, 于婵2, 何敏3, 程曦4, 张涵5
作者信息
  • 1.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)党务部,四川 成都 610000
  • 2.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)呼吸内科
  • 3.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)科教部
  • 4.成都医学院检验医学院
  • 5.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)安宁疗护中心
  • 龙治任(1985—),男,硕士,副主任技师,研究方向:医院管理和安宁疗护

通讯作者:

张涵,E-mail:
Analysis of the current situation of hospice care services in Chengdu and countermeasures research
Zhi-ren LONG1, Chan YU2, Min HE3, Xi CHENG4, Han ZHANG5
Affiliations
  • Chengdu Eighth People’s Hospital(Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College)Party Affairs Department, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

了解成都市安宁疗护服务的现状,分析存在问题,为进一步推动安宁疗护发展提供政策建议。

方法

依托成都市安宁疗护质量控制中心开展横断面调查和收集全市安宁疗护相关数据。

结果

33家医疗机构提供安宁疗护服务,共有床位512张、医师188人、护士325人、护理员179人、社工59人、志愿者145人。硕士及以上学历和副高级及以上职称医务人员分别占8.96%和10.92%;心理科和营养科的设置比例分别为24.24%和51.52%。门诊安宁服务项目有病情评估、用药咨询等4项,住院安宁服务项目有症状控制、舒适照护等8项,居家安宁服务项目有沟通指导、病情评估等4项。2022年收治安宁疗护患者2 295人次,平均住院日18.02天,患者次均费用9 840元。

结论

高素质安宁疗护卫生专业技术人员相对不足、心理和营养支持服务严重不足、安宁疗护资源利用不足,应该健全安宁疗护服务体系,加强专业人才培养,更加重视营养和心理支持服务,提高安宁疗护资源利用效率。

安宁疗护  /  现状分析  /  对策研究  /  成都
Objective

Understand the current situation of palliative care services in Chengdu, analyze existing problems, and provide policy recommendations for further promoting the development of palliative care.

Methods

Relying on the Chengdu Municipal Palliative Care Quality Control Center to conduct a cross-sectional survey and collect city-wide data related to palliative care.

Results

Thirty-three medical institutions provide palliative care services, offering a total of 512 beds, with 188 physicians, 325 nurses, 179 nursing aides, 59 social workers, and 145 volunteers. Medical staff with a master’s degree or higher and those with an associate senior title or higher account for 8.96% and 10.92%, respectively. The establishment rates of psychology and nutrition departments are 24.24% and 51.52%, respectively. Outpatient palliative care services include four items such as condition assessment and medication consultation, while inpatient services cover eight items including symptom control and comfort care. Home-based palliative care services consist of four items such as communication guidance and condition assessment. In 2022, a total of 2 295 palliative care patients were admitted, with an average length of stay of 18.02 days and an average cost per admission of 9 840 yuan.

Conclusion

There is a relative shortage of highly qualified health professionals in palliative care, a severe insufficiency in psychological and nutritional support services, and underutilization of palliative care resources. It is imperative to improve the palliative care service system, strengthen the training of specialized personnel, place greater emphasis on nutritional and psychological support services, and enhance the efficiency of palliative care resource utilization.

Hospice care  /  Current situation analysis  /  Countermeasures research  /  Chengdu
龙治任, 于婵, 何敏, 程曦, 张涵. 成都市安宁疗护服务现状分析及对策研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (16) : 2970 -2974 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368
Zhi-ren LONG, Chan YU, Min HE, Xi CHENG, Han ZHANG. Analysis of the current situation of hospice care services in Chengdu and countermeasures research[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (16) : 2970 -2974 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368
安宁疗护是为处于疾病终末期或临终患者提供对症治疗和身体及心理方面的照护和人文关怀,控制痛苦和不适等症状,最大限度提高患者生活质量,减轻家属心理哀伤,降低患者医疗费用和减少医疗资源浪费[1-2]。我国老龄化趋势日益严峻,对安宁疗护的需求日益增加。2016年全国政协召开推进安宁疗护工作座谈会,开始从政府层面推动安宁疗护发展。2017年国家卫生健康委开始在全国范围内进行安宁疗护服务试点。2019年成都市作为国家第二批安宁疗护试点城市,卫健部门印发了《成都市安宁疗护试点工作方案》,制定了《成都市安宁疗护服务疾病和对象标准(试行)》《成都市安宁疗护试点机构建设及管理服务能力评估标准(试行)》等标准,将安宁疗护工作纳入《成都市医疗卫生与养老服务相结合发展规划(2021—2025年)》,在全省率先成立市级安宁疗护质量质控中心和安宁疗护专家委员会,通过健全准入标准,加强教育培训,强化质量控制,加大人才培养等措施积极开展试点工作,取得一定成效。
既往研究多针对北京上海等发达地区和发达国家,比如上海市建立以社区卫生服务中心为主体的安宁疗护服务体系,但是仍然存在专业技术人员不足,床位使用率不高,医保支持力度不够等问题[1-2]。王红等[3]对北京的研究显示,有经验的安宁疗护服务专业技术人员严重不足,社工心理咨询师志愿者也非常缺乏,门诊和居家服务利用率低。杨森等[4]研究认为安宁疗护从业人员待遇不高,长期面对患者死亡心理压力大等因素导致对职业满意度不高。高星等[5]研究发现护理人员安宁疗护知信行整体水平不高,缺乏死亡教育经历和症状管理能力不足,导致安宁疗护护理质量不高。赵越等[6]研究认为美国英国通过立法规范社区居家安宁疗护服务标准,明确了医保支付的范围和标准,值得我国借鉴。成都市作为西部城市的代表,医疗卫生事业较发达,其安宁疗护的发展情况能一定程度上体现西部地区的情况,但是还未见系统报道。本研究对成都市安宁疗护服务现状开展调查,分析存在问题,为进一步推动安宁疗护发展提供政策建议。
将2022年成都市开展安宁疗护的33家医疗机构,作为研究对象。
依托成都市安宁疗护质控中心和成都市安宁疗护示范中心具有高级职称和10年以上工作经验的专家制定调查表,讨论确定调查项目,主要有安宁疗护服务人力资源数量(含卫生专业技术人员、志愿者、社工等)、开放床位数、服务项目、患者费用等。
本研究为横断面调查,2023年7—8月由成都市安宁疗护质量控制中心收集33家医疗机构2022年安宁疗护服务数据,发放调查表33份,回收33份。该调查是卫健部门主导,安宁疗护质量控制中心具体开展,数据来源真实。采用文本分析法,对调查表的数据进行提取、归类和分析,描述性分析安宁疗护服务数据。
开展安宁疗护服务的33家医疗机构中有7家为社区卫生服务中心,占21.21%;12家独立设置安宁疗护科,占36.36%;床位数512张,主要分布在二级医院291张,占56.84%;医师188人,主要分布在三级医院81人,占43.09%;护士325人,主要分布在三级医院140人,占43.08%;护理员179人,主要分布在三级医院82人,占45.81%;社工、志愿者、硕士以上学历及副高级以上职称医务人员也主要分布在三级医院。床位数、医师数、护士数、护理员数及副高及以上职称医务人员数均超过成都市或国家的相关配置标准。但是硕士学历及以上医务人员和副高职称及以上医务人员分别占8.96%和10.92%;设置心理科和营养科的比例分别仅为24.24%和51.52%。安宁疗护患者均纳入医保报销,但是只报销基本医疗服务项目,音乐治疗、生命教育等关怀慰藉、心理支持类服务项目无收费标准且不能报销。详见表1
门诊安宁服务项目有病情评估、用药咨询等4项。其中开展最多的服务项目是门诊检查,有28家,占84.85%;开展最少的是门诊治疗,有24家,占72.73%。详见表2
住院安宁服务项目有症状控制、舒适照护等8项,其中开展最多的是人文关怀有33家,占100%;开展最少的是芳香护理有20家,占60.61%。详见表3
2022年33家医疗机构收治安宁疗护患者2 295人次,病死830人,平均住院日18.02天,患者次均费用9 840元,床位使用率22.13%,平均药占比33.62%。详见表4
居家安宁服务项目有沟通指导、病情评估等4项。开展最多的服务项目是沟通指导和病情评估均有23家,占69.70%;开展最少的为心理辅导17家,占51.52%。详见表5
从成都市安宁疗护服务整体看,床位、医师、护士、护理员的配置均达到或高于国家及成都市的标准,人力资源和床位资源配置比较充足,与广西、上海等情况一致[7-8]。但依然存在以下主要问题。
硕士及以上学历和副高职称及以上医务人员占比分别仅为8.96%和10.92%,说明高素质的安宁疗护专业技术人员相对不足,安宁疗护服务质量不高,与广西和海南情况类似[58]。学历和职称一定上程度上代表了医务人员的从业经验和专业技术能力及水平。张颖、贾佳等[9-10]研究发现从事安宁疗护护理的低年资护士比较多,实践经验不足,而学历越高的医护人员,安宁疗护实践水平越高。安宁疗护在我国开展时间不长,多数医务人员缺乏安宁疗护专业教育和系统性培训[11],部分开设了安宁疗护教育的大中专院校也存在教材不统一,教学内容不深入等问题,无法满足安宁疗护人才培养需求[12]。但是,美国的医学生则是100%接受安宁疗护教育[13]。另外研究发现从事安宁疗护的医务人员工作压力普遍较大,对工作整体满意度不高,职业认同感不高,很难吸引高素质的医务人员参与安宁疗护工作[24]
开设心理科和营养科的比例分别仅为24.24%和51.52%,说明对心理和营养服务重视不足,特别是在一级医院中开展心理和营养支持服务的不足10%,与北京市和上海市情况类似[314]。温丽娜等[15]研究发现包含心理和营养干预的多学科协作诊疗式安宁疗护服务可以明显提高患者生活质量及家属心理应激水平。但是由于心理和营养专业技术人员的缺乏,以及医疗机构重视程度不够等原因导致患者的心理和营养支持服务不够[16]
2022年成都市死亡约20万人[17],但是安宁疗护服务患者只有2 295人,病床使用率仅为22.13%,特别是一级医院最低为5.17%,低于上海市的安宁疗护病床使用率[8],呈现出需求大但是资源利用率不高的矛盾。张坤等[18]研究发现约20%的老年慢性病患者有安宁疗护需求,国外的需求高达59.0%[19],主要受疾病严重程度和生活自理能力等因素影响。而在我国能够享受到安宁疗护服务的临终患者不足1%[20],病人及其家属认知度和接受度较低,未能正确认识安宁疗护的价值,加之经济原因和老年人要在家里去世等传统思想的影响,导致利用安宁疗护服务的患者不多。另外,本次调查发现成都市只有7家社区卫生服务中心提供安宁疗护服务,严重影响了安宁疗护服务的可及性,也是安宁疗护资源利用率不高的重要原因。
安宁疗护患者次均费用仅为9 840元,低于成都市普通患者的住院次均费用(10 821元)。患者次均费用低与安宁疗护服务部分项目未纳入医保政策报销,全部由患者自身承担有关,也与部分项目无收费标准有关,这严重制约了安宁疗护服务发展,与北京市情况类似[3]。医保部门仍然只是支持基本医疗费用纳入医保报销。虽然提出“安宁疗护服务机构可以自主确定关怀慰藉、生活照料等非医疗服务项目的收费标准”。但是需要测算成本,然后去申请备案才能收费,过程比较复杂。这部分费用是患者自费,不纳入医保报销,患者负担将进一步加大,同时也会限制安宁疗护资源的利用,是一把“双刃剑”,故医疗机构申请的积极性不高[21]
一是加强顶层设计。将安宁疗护服务纳入卫生健康服务规划,科学配置资源。健全以社区卫生服务中心为主体,二级和三级综合医院为技术支撑和培训载体的安宁疗护服务体系。同时,给予社区卫生服务中心专门人员编制和经费补助等支持政策,提高开展安宁疗护服务的积极性。二是以大中专院校为主体开设临床医学及护理学(安宁疗护方向)的本科生和研究生教育,住院医师规范化培训中设置老年医学及护理学(安宁疗护专业方向),在职业院校中开设安宁疗护照护服务专业,形成三位一体的安宁疗护服务人才培养模式,同时注重心理和营养专业技术人员培养。另外健全在职医务人员安宁疗护知识和能力培训制度,提升医务人员安宁疗护服务水平。三是医保和卫健部门要联合研究安宁疗护服务医保支持政策,可试点将心理辅导、灵性关怀等提高患者生命质量有重要作用和明显效果的非传统医疗项目纳入医保支付,待服务项目内涵成熟后全面铺开,既减轻患者负担,也提高安宁疗护资源利用效率。四是对从事安宁疗护的医务人员给予绩效分配、职称评定、晋升评优等方面的照顾政策,吸引更多的优秀人才从事安宁疗护工作。五是加强宣传教育,针对全人群(而不仅仅是老年人)开展生命死亡教育,引导他们正确认识生命,了解生命的意义,让他们在面对死亡时不再孤立无援,通过社区、家庭以及专业机构的协同,为临终患者提供全方位关怀,让他们在生命的最后阶段感到温暖与尊重,进而更多的接受安宁疗护。
本研究创新在于首次报道成都市安宁疗护服务现状,分析存在主要问题,提出针对性解决措施,对其他地区完善安宁疗护服务政策提供有益借鉴。本研究促之处在于未深入了解安宁疗护科室运营情况及医务人员薪酬待遇等,存在一定的局限性。
  • 四川省自然科学基金项目(2023NSFSC0515)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
吴玉苗,李水静,杨超,等.上海市安宁疗护服务提供现况调查分析[J].上海医药2022,43(8):11-13, 18.
Wu YM, Li SJ, Yang C, et al. Investigation andanalysis of the current situation of the provision of hospice care service in Shanghai[J]. Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal, 2022, 43(8): 11-13, 18. (In Chinese)
[2]
虞莹,陈丹霞,张盼盼,等.上海市医疗卫生机构安宁疗护医护人员工作压力现状及影响因素研究[J].中华全科医师杂志2023,22(2):175-180.
Yu Y,Chen DX, Zhang PP, et al. Status quo and influencing factors of work stress among hospice care physicians and nurses[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practitioners, 2023, 22(2): 175-180. (In Chinese)
[3]
王红,彭娜,范月英,等.北京市某区安宁疗护服务现状分析[J].中华医院管理杂志2022,38(5):387-390.
Wang H, Peng N, Fan YY, et al. Analysis on the current situation of hospice care service in a district of Beijing[J]. Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration, 2022, 38(5): 387-390. (In Chinese)
[4]
杨森,赵华新,牛晓敏,等.上海市中心城区社区医疗机构肿瘤安宁疗护资源使用状况调查及医护人员职业满意度分析[J].中国全科医学2021,24(12):1541-1545.
Yang S, Zhao HX, Niu XM, et al.Investigation on the use of hospice resources and analysis of professional satisfaction of medical staff in community medical institutions in central Shanghai[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2021, 24(12): 1541-1545. (In Chinese)
[5]
高星,徐丹丹,叶双,等.安宁疗护护理人才队伍发展的现状及思考——以海南省为例[J].全科护理2023,21(8):1056-1059.
Gao X, Xu DD, Ye S, et al.The current situation and thinking of the development of hospice nursing team —— taking Hainan Province as an example[J]. Chinese General Practice Nursing, 2023, 21(8): 1056-1059. (In Chinese)
[6]
赵越,刘兰秋.英国和美国社区居家安宁疗护服务模式及其对我国的启示[J].中国全科医学2022,25(19):2330-2335.
Zhao Y, Liu LQ. The model of community home-based hospice care delivery in the United Kingdom and the United States and its Enlightenment to China[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25(19): 2330-2335. (In Chinese)
[7]
潘琪妮,陶品月,李小红,等.广西安宁疗护工作开展现状的调查分析[J].广西医学2021,43(19):2374-2376.
Pan QN, Tao PY, Li XH, et al.Investigation and analysis of the current situation of nursing care work in Guangxi[J]. Guangxi Medical Journal, 2021, 43(19): 2374-2376. (In Chinese)
[8]
虞莹,陈丹霞,张盼盼,等.上海市社区卫生服务中心安宁疗护服务现况调查分析[J].中华全科医师杂志2023,22(4):367-372.
Yu Y, Chen DX, Zhang PP, et al. Status quo of hospice care service in community health service centers in Shanghai[J]. Chinese Journal of General Practitioners, 2023, 22(4): 367-372. (In Chinese)
[9]
张颖,罗岚,郝燕萍,等.安宁疗护护理质量现状调查及对策分析[J].护理研究2023,37(22):3981-3989.
Zhang Y, Luo L, Hao YP, et al. Investigation and countermeasure analysis of palliativenursing care quality[J]. Chinese Nursing Research, 2023, 37(22): 3981-3989. (In Chinese)
[10]
贾佳,聂小菲,吕翻翻,等.湖北省肿瘤科医护人员安宁疗护实践水平现状及其影响因素分析[J].军事护理2024,41(8):47-51.
Jia J, Nie XF, Lv FF, et al. Status quo and the influencing factors of practice capability of palliative care among health-care professionals in oncology in Hubei province[J]. Military Nursing, 2024, 41(8): 47-51. (In Chinese)
[11]
宁晓红.中国缓和医疗的发展和思考[J].中国医学科学院学报2019,41(5):723-725.
Ning XH.The development and thinking of palliative care in China[J]. Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae, 2019, 41(5): 723-725. (In Chinese)
[12]
李小红,张桂宁,陈林,等.广西医学院校安宁疗护教育现状分析及对策[J].广西医学2021,43(15):1896-1899.
Li XH, Zhang GN, Chen L, et al. Medical colleges in Guangxi peaceful care education present situation analysis and countermeasures[J]. Journal of guangxi medicine, 2021, 43(15): 1896-1899. (In Chinese)
[13]
Dickinson GE. Thirty-five years of end-of-life issues in US medical schools[J]. The American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care, 2011, 28(6): 412-417.
[14]
陈蜀惠,来小彬,夏海鸥,等.上海市社区安宁疗护服务困境[J].中国卫生资源2021,24(6):811-814.
Chen SH, Lai XB, Xia HO, et al. Shanghai peace community care service trouble[J]. Journal of health resources in China, 2021, 24(6): 811-814. (In Chinese)
[15]
温丽娜,李亚,宋芳.多学科协作诊疗式安宁疗护干预在终末期肿瘤患者中的应用[J].癌症进展2023,21(6):683-685, 696.
Wen LN, Li Y, Song F. Application of palliative care intervention based on multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment in end-stage cancer patients[J]. Oncology Progress, 2023, 21(6): 683-685, 696. (In Chinese)
[16]
石洋,石海丹,刘红梅.陕西省医疗机构临床营养科建设现状调查分析[J].现代预防医学2020,47(10):1828-1832.
Shi Y, Shi HD, Liu HM. Current situation investigation on nutrition departments of hospitals in Shaanxi Province[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2020, 47(10): 1828-1832. (In Chinese)
[17]
成都市统计局.成都统计年鉴2023[EB/OL].[2025-06-08].https://cdstats.chengdu.gov.cn/cdstjj/c155010/2023-12/29/content_d2483a7e5a7244e4be2b7886e0563edc.shtml.
Chengdu Bureau of Statistics. Chengdu statistical yearbook 2023[EB/OL]. [2025-06-08]. https://cdstats.chengdu.gov.cn/cdstjj/c155010/2023-12/29/content_d2483a7e5a7244e4be2b7886e0563edc.shtml. (In Chinese)
[18]
张坤,彭云云,刘莉,等.社区老年慢性病人群安宁疗护需求现状及影响因素分析[J].中国护理管理2023,23(9):1306-1311.
Zhang K, Peng YY, Liu L, et al. Community elderly chronic crowd quiet care demand present situation and influence factors analysis[J]. Journal of nursing management in China, 2023, 23(9): 1306-1311. (In Chinese)
[19]
van Wijmen MPS, Schweitzer BPM, Pasman HR, et al. Identify in patients who could benefit from palliative care by making use of the general practice in formation system:the surprise question versus the SPICT[J]. Family Practice, 2020, 37(5): 641-647.
[20]
罗涛,赵越,刘兰秋.健康老龄化视角下我国安宁疗护服务体系建设现状与对策建议[J].中国全科医学2022,25(19):2315-2319, 2324.
Luo T, Zhao Y, Liu LQ. Development of the hospice care system in Chinain the promotion of healthy ageing: status and recommendations for problems[J]. Chinese General Practice, 2022, 25(19): 2315-2319, 2324. (In Chinese)
[21]
李亚光,罗仲伟,秦苑,等.我国安宁疗护存在的问题与对策研究[J].卫生软科学2019,33(7):28-32.
Li YG, Luo ZG, Qin Y, et al. Quiet care problems and countermeasures research in China[J]. Journal of Health Soft Science, 2019, 33(7): 28-32. (In Chinese)
2025年第52卷第16期
PDF下载
61
27
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368
  • 接收时间:2025-01-22
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-22
基金
四川省自然科学基金项目(2023NSFSC0515)
作者信息
    1.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)党务部,四川 成都 610000
    2.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)呼吸内科
    3.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)科教部
    4.成都医学院检验医学院
    5.成都市第八人民医院(成都医学院附属老年医院)安宁疗护中心

通讯作者:

张涵,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501368
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏