Article(id=1241036255333511721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202504168, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1744128000000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815700609, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815700609, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815700609, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815700609, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241036242561855785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='16', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3072', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815697565, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773840190562, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3029, endPage=3034, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241036255752942151, articleId=1241036255333511721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Analysis of the trends and influencing factors of medical care-seeking delay among tuberculosis patients, Zhuhai City, 2005-2024, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of medical care-seeking delay among tuberculosis patients in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024, and to provide a basis for optimizing TB prevention and control strategies.
Methods Information on registered PTB in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024 was collected. A descriptive analysis was conducted on the characteristics of medical care-seeking delay. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of delay, and unconditional logistic regression was employed to analyze its influencing factors.
Results A total of 21 772 PTB cases were registered in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024, with an overall delay rate of 33.73%. Comparative analysis showed statistically significant differences in delay rates among patients of different ethnicities, ages, occupations, household registration types, sources of patients, treatment categories, diagnostic results, and etiological test results (P<0.05). Compared with individuals under 25 years old, those aged 25-64 (OR=1.158, 95%CI: 1.068-1.256) and those aged 65 and above (OR=1.301, 95%CI:1.151-1.471) were at higher risk of delayed medical care-seeking. Factors associated with an increased risk of delay included local household registration (OR=1.303, 95%CI: 1.226-1.384), retreatment patients (OR=2.074, 95%CI: 1.907-2.257), tuberculous pleurisy (OR=1.508, 95%CI: 1.292-1.760), and bacteriologically positive TB (OR=1.207, 95%CI: 1.137-1.282). Protective factors against delay included active case finding (OR=0.413, 95% CI: 0.335-0.507), working in public places or commercial services (OR=0.803, 95%CI: 0.665-0.969), and being retired or unemployed (OR=0.818, 95%CI: 0.699-0.958).
Conclusion The rate of delayed medical care-seeking among tuberculosis patients in Zhuhai is relatively high. Efforts should be made to improve the accessibility of medical services, enhance health education on PTB, and conduct active screening for key populations in order to further reduce the delay in seeking medical attention.
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目的 分析2005—2024年珠海市结核病患者就诊延迟情况及其影响因素,为优化结核病防控策略提供依据。
方法 收集2005—2024年珠海市登记的结核病患者信息,对就诊延迟的人群特征进行描述性分析,拟合joinpoint回归模型分析就诊延迟的趋势,采用非条件logistic回归方法分析就诊延迟的影响因素。
结果 2005—2024年,珠海市登记结核病21 772例,总体就诊延迟率为33.73%。组间比较发现,不同民族、年龄、职业、户籍类型、患者来源、治疗分类、诊断结果、病原学结果的患者的就诊延迟率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与25岁以下人群相比,25~64岁(OR=1.158,95%CI:1.068~1.256)和65岁以上人群(OR=1.301,95%CI:1.151~1.471)就诊延迟风险更高。本地户籍(OR=1.303,95%CI:1.226~1.384)、复治(OR=2.074,95%CI:1.907~2.257)、结核性胸膜炎(OR=1.508,95%CI:1.292~1.760)、病原学阳性患者(OR=1.207,95%CI:1.137~1.282)是就诊延迟的危险因素。主动发现(OR=0.413,95%CI:0.335~0.507)、公共场所及商业服务人员(OR=0.803,95%CI:0.665~0.969)、退休/待业人群(OR=0.818,95%CI:0.699~0.958)是就诊延迟的保护因素。
结论 珠海市结核病患者就诊延迟率较高,下一步要通过提升医疗服务可及性、加强结核病健康宣教、针对重点人群开展主动筛查进一步降低就诊延迟率。
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1.珠海市第三人民医院,广东 珠海 519000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241057506009600918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255333511721, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057506017989527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255333511721, companyId=1241057506009600918, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.珠海市职业与心理健康工程技术研究中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241057507821539363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255333511721, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Joinpoint regression analysis of PTB treatment delay rates in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 指标 | 时间段/年 | 变化值% (95%CI) | t值 | P值 |
|---|
| 总体 | | | | | |
| APC | 2005—2013年 | -12.58(-16.94~-7.99) | -5.60 | <0.001 |
| | 2014—2024年 | 6.29(2.99~9.71) | 4.12 | 0.001 |
| AAPC | 2005—2024年 | -2.10(-4.62~0.47) | -1.60 | 0.109 |
| 地区 | | | | | |
| 香洲区 | APC | 2005—2015年 | -9.47(-14.17~-4.52) | -3.98 | 0.001 |
| | 2016—2024年 | 7.75(1.23~14.70) | 2.55 | 0.022 |
| AAPC | 2005—2024年 | -1.69(-5.31~2.07) | -0.89 | 0.374 |
| 斗门区 | APC | 2005—2013年 | -22.21(-31.33~-11.89) | -4.30 | 0.001 |
| | 2014—2024年 | 15.23(6.69~24.45) | 3.92 | 0.001 |
| AAPC | 2005—2024年 | -2.34(-8.33~4.04) | -0.73 | 0.463 |
| 金湾区 | APC | 2005—2024年 | -1.72(-3.23~-0.18) | -2.35 | 0.030 |
| AAPC | 2005—2024年 | -1.72(-3.23~-0.18) | -2.35 | 0.030 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057507922202667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255333511721, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
2005—2024年珠海市结核病就诊延迟率的joinpoint回归分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 指标 | 时间段/年 | 变化值% (95%CI) | t值 | P值 |
|---|
| 总体 | | | | | |
| APC | 2005—2013年 | -12.58(-16.94~-7.99) | -5.60 | <0.001 |
| | 2014—2024年 | 6.29(2.99~9.71) | 4.12 | 0.001 |
| AAPC | 2005—2024年 | -2.10(-4.62~0.47) | -1.60 | 0.109 |
| 地区 | | | | | |
| 香洲区 | APC | 2005—2015年 | -9.47(-14.17~-4.52) | -3.98 | 0.001 |
| | 2016—2024年 | 7.75(1.23~14.70) | 2.55 | 0.022 |
| AAPC | 2005—2024年 | -1.69(-5.31~2.07) | -0.89 | 0.374 |
| 斗门区 | APC | 2005—2013年 | -22.21(-31.33~-11.89) | -4.30 | 0.001 |
| | 2014—2024年 | 15.23(6.69~24.45) | 3.92 | 0.001 |
| AAPC | 2005—2024年 | -2.34(-8.33~4.04) | -0.73 | 0.463 |
| 金湾区 | APC | 2005—2024年 | -1.72(-3.23~-0.18) | -2.35 | 0.030 |
| AAPC | 2005—2024年 | -1.72(-3.23~-0.18) | -2.35 | 0.030 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057508052226100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255333511721, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Current situation and related factors of patients delay of tuberculosis patients in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 人群特征 | 病例总数 | 就诊延迟病例数 | 就诊延迟率 (%) | 单因素分析 |
|---|
| 卡方值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | 0.597 | 0.440 |
| 男 | 14 575 | 4 891 | 33.56 | | |
| 女 | 7 197 | 2 453 | 34.08 | | |
| 民族 | | | | 13.185 | <0.001 |
| 汉族 | 21 152 | 7 177 | 33.93 | | |
| 少数民族 | 620 | 167 | 26.94 | | |
| 年龄组(岁) | | | | 27.829 | <0.001 |
| <25 | 4 563 | 1 402 | 30.73 | | |
| 25~64 | 15 067 | 5 159 | 34.24 | | |
| ≥65 | 2 142 | 783 | 36.55 | | |
| 职业 | | | | 178.349 | <0.001 |
| 企事业职工 | 780 | 269 | 34.49 | | |
| 学生及儿童 | 976 | 296 | 30.33 | | |
| 公共场所及商业服务 | 1 505 | 420 | 27.91 | | |
| 体力劳动 | 7 001 | 2 741 | 39.15 | | |
| 退休/待业 | 9 336 | 2 824 | 30.25 | | |
| 职业不详、其他 | 2 174 | 794 | 36.52 | | |
| 户籍类型 | | | | 137.138 | <0.001 |
| 本地户籍 | 8 776 | 3 361 | 38.30 | | |
| 流动人口 | 12 996 | 3 983 | 30.65 | | |
| 患者来源 | | | | 116.839 | <0.001 |
| 主动发现 | 728 | 110 | 15.11 | | |
| 被动发现 | 21 044 | 7 234 | 34.38 | | |
| 治疗分类 | | | | 511.611 | <0.001 |
| 复治 | 2 969 | 1 543 | 51.97 | | |
| 初治 | 18 803 | 5 801 | 30.85 | | |
| 诊断结果 | | | | 14.367 | 0.001 |
| 肺结核 | 21 028 | 7 045 | 33.50 | | |
| 结核性胸膜炎 | 739 | 297 | 40.19 | | |
| 肺外结核 | 5 | 2 | 40.00 | | |
| 病原学结果 | | | | 31.780 | <0.001 |
| 阳性 | 9 858 | 3 521 | 35.72 | | |
| 阴性 | 11 914 | 3 823 | 32.09 | | |
| 合并症 | | | | 0.175 | 0.675 |
| 有 | 708 | 244 | 34.46 | | |
| 无 | 21 064 | 7100 | 33.71 | | |
| 是否耐药患者 | | | | 0.000 | 0.998 |
| 是 | 86 | 29 | 33.73 | | |
| 否 | 21 686 | 7 315 | 33.72 | | |
| 是否合并其他结核 | | | | 0.013 | 0.910 |
| 是 | 1 001 | 336 | 33.57 | | |
| 否 | 20 771 | 7 008 | 33.74 | | |
| 现住址与首诊单位距离(Km) | | | | 3.575 | 0.059 |
| <10 | 15 413 | 5 259 | 34.12 | | |
| ≥10 | 6 359 | 2 085 | 32.79 | | |
| 是否重点人群 | | | | 0.390 | 0.532 |
| 是 | 870 | 302 | 34.71 | | |
| 否 | 20 902 | 7 042 | 33.69 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057508190638144, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255333511721, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
珠海市2015―2024年结核病患者就诊延迟现状及影响因素
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 人群特征 | 病例总数 | 就诊延迟病例数 | 就诊延迟率 (%) | 单因素分析 |
|---|
| 卡方值 | P值 |
|---|
| 性别 | | | | 0.597 | 0.440 |
| 男 | 14 575 | 4 891 | 33.56 | | |
| 女 | 7 197 | 2 453 | 34.08 | | |
| 民族 | | | | 13.185 | <0.001 |
| 汉族 | 21 152 | 7 177 | 33.93 | | |
| 少数民族 | 620 | 167 | 26.94 | | |
| 年龄组(岁) | | | | 27.829 | <0.001 |
| <25 | 4 563 | 1 402 | 30.73 | | |
| 25~64 | 15 067 | 5 159 | 34.24 | | |
| ≥65 | 2 142 | 783 | 36.55 | | |
| 职业 | | | | 178.349 | <0.001 |
| 企事业职工 | 780 | 269 | 34.49 | | |
| 学生及儿童 | 976 | 296 | 30.33 | | |
| 公共场所及商业服务 | 1 505 | 420 | 27.91 | | |
| 体力劳动 | 7 001 | 2 741 | 39.15 | | |
| 退休/待业 | 9 336 | 2 824 | 30.25 | | |
| 职业不详、其他 | 2 174 | 794 | 36.52 | | |
| 户籍类型 | | | | 137.138 | <0.001 |
| 本地户籍 | 8 776 | 3 361 | 38.30 | | |
| 流动人口 | 12 996 | 3 983 | 30.65 | | |
| 患者来源 | | | | 116.839 | <0.001 |
| 主动发现 | 728 | 110 | 15.11 | | |
| 被动发现 | 21 044 | 7 234 | 34.38 | | |
| 治疗分类 | | | | 511.611 | <0.001 |
| 复治 | 2 969 | 1 543 | 51.97 | | |
| 初治 | 18 803 | 5 801 | 30.85 | | |
| 诊断结果 | | | | 14.367 | 0.001 |
| 肺结核 | 21 028 | 7 045 | 33.50 | | |
| 结核性胸膜炎 | 739 | 297 | 40.19 | | |
| 肺外结核 | 5 | 2 | 40.00 | | |
| 病原学结果 | | | | 31.780 | <0.001 |
| 阳性 | 9 858 | 3 521 | 35.72 | | |
| 阴性 | 11 914 | 3 823 | 32.09 | | |
| 合并症 | | | | 0.175 | 0.675 |
| 有 | 708 | 244 | 34.46 | | |
| 无 | 21 064 | 7100 | 33.71 | | |
| 是否耐药患者 | | | | 0.000 | 0.998 |
| 是 | 86 | 29 | 33.73 | | |
| 否 | 21 686 | 7 315 | 33.72 | | |
| 是否合并其他结核 | | | | 0.013 | 0.910 |
| 是 | 1 001 | 336 | 33.57 | | |
| 否 | 20 771 | 7 008 | 33.74 | | |
| 现住址与首诊单位距离(Km) | | | | 3.575 | 0.059 |
| <10 | 15 413 | 5 259 | 34.12 | | |
| ≥10 | 6 359 | 2 085 | 32.79 | | |
| 是否重点人群 | | | | 0.390 | 0.532 |
| 是 | 870 | 302 | 34.71 | | |
| 否 | 20 902 | 7 042 | 33.69 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057508350021705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255333511721, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Multivariate logistic regression analysis of medical care-seeking delay among tuberculosis patients in Zhuhai from 2005 to 2024
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | β值 | 值 | Wald χ2 | OR值(95%CI) | P值 |
|---|
| 年龄组(岁) | | | | | |
| <25 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 25~64 | 0.147 | 0.041 | 12.622 | 1.158(1.068~1.256) | <0.001 |
| ≥65 | 0.263 | 0.063 | 17.690 | 1.301(1.151~1.471) | <0.001 |
| 职业 | | | | | |
| 企事业职工 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 学生及儿童 | -0.089 | 0.110 | 0.653 | 0.915(0.738~1.135) | 0.419 |
| 公共场所及商业服务 | -0.220 | 0.096 | 5.223 | 0.803(0.665~0.969) | 0.022 |
| 体力劳动 | 0.125 | 0.081 | 2.380 | 1.134(0.967~1.330) | 0.123 |
| 退休/待业 | -0.200 | 0.081 | 6.196 | 0.818(0.699~0.958) | 0.013 |
| 职业不详、其他 | 0.061 | 0.089 | 0.460 | 1.062(0.892~1.266) | 0.498 |
| 户籍类型 | | | | | |
| 流动人口 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 本地户籍 | 0.265 | 0.031 | 72.953 | 1.303(1.226~1.384) | <0.001 |
| 患者来源 | | | | | |
| 被动发现 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 主动筛查 | -0.885 | 0.106 | 70.235 | 0.413(0.335~0.507) | <0.001 |
| 治疗分类 | | | | | |
| 初治 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 复治 | 0.730 | 0.043 | 288.418 | 2.074(1.907~2.257) | <0.001 |
| 诊断结果 | | | | | |
| 肺结核 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 结核性胸膜炎 | 0.411 | 0.079 | 27.108 | 1.508(1.292~1.760) | <0.001 |
| 肺外结核 | 0.065 | 0.929 | 0.005 | 1.067(0.173~6.588) | 0.944 |
| 病原学结果 | | | | | |
| 阴性 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 阳性 | 0.188 | 0.031 | 37.611 | 1.207(1.137~1.282) | <0.001 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057508492628052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036255333511721, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
珠海市2005―2024年结核病患者就诊延迟多因素logistic分析
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | β值 | 值 | Wald χ2 | OR值(95%CI) | P值 |
|---|
| 年龄组(岁) | | | | | |
| <25 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 25~64 | 0.147 | 0.041 | 12.622 | 1.158(1.068~1.256) | <0.001 |
| ≥65 | 0.263 | 0.063 | 17.690 | 1.301(1.151~1.471) | <0.001 |
| 职业 | | | | | |
| 企事业职工 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 学生及儿童 | -0.089 | 0.110 | 0.653 | 0.915(0.738~1.135) | 0.419 |
| 公共场所及商业服务 | -0.220 | 0.096 | 5.223 | 0.803(0.665~0.969) | 0.022 |
| 体力劳动 | 0.125 | 0.081 | 2.380 | 1.134(0.967~1.330) | 0.123 |
| 退休/待业 | -0.200 | 0.081 | 6.196 | 0.818(0.699~0.958) | 0.013 |
| 职业不详、其他 | 0.061 | 0.089 | 0.460 | 1.062(0.892~1.266) | 0.498 |
| 户籍类型 | | | | | |
| 流动人口 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 本地户籍 | 0.265 | 0.031 | 72.953 | 1.303(1.226~1.384) | <0.001 |
| 患者来源 | | | | | |
| 被动发现 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 主动筛查 | -0.885 | 0.106 | 70.235 | 0.413(0.335~0.507) | <0.001 |
| 治疗分类 | | | | | |
| 初治 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 复治 | 0.730 | 0.043 | 288.418 | 2.074(1.907~2.257) | <0.001 |
| 诊断结果 | | | | | |
| 肺结核 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 结核性胸膜炎 | 0.411 | 0.079 | 27.108 | 1.508(1.292~1.760) | <0.001 |
| 肺外结核 | 0.065 | 0.929 | 0.005 | 1.067(0.173~6.588) | 0.944 |
| 病原学结果 | | | | | |
| 阴性 | | | | 1.00 | |
| 阳性 | 0.188 | 0.031 | 37.611 | 1.207(1.137~1.282) | <0.001 |
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