Article(id=1241036254037463180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1737475200000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815700301, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815700301, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815700301, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815700301, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241036242561855785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='16', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3072', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815697565, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773840190562, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3054, endPage=3060, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241036254482059428, articleId=1241036254037463180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Relationship between physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns and falls among older adults, China, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the prevalence of physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns and their impact on the risk of falls among older adults in China.

Methods

Data were drawn from the CHARLS 2018-2020. A total of 6 431 participants aged 60 years and older were included. Physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns were assessed in 2018 using self-reported physician-diagnosed diseases, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Falls were assessed in 2020 by self-reported fall events in the past two years. Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were used to analyse the association between multimorbidity patterns and the risk of falls.

Results

1 228(19.1%) out of 6 431 participants aged 60 years and older had experienced a fall in the past two years. In terms of the physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity pattern, the highest proportion of older adults had only physical illnesses (33.9%), followed by physical illnesses plus cognitive impairment (17.8%) and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity (16.9%). The lowest proportions were observed for older adults with psychological illnesses plus cognitive impairment (2.2%) and those with only psychological illnesses (1.6%). Compared with older adults without any illnesses, the risk of falling increased by 73%(aRRs: 1.73, 95%CI: 1.33-2.26), 83%(aRRs: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.11-3.03), 70%(aRRs: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.29-2.23), 164%(aRRs: 2.64, 95%CI: 2.02-3.43), and 182%(aRRs: 2.82, 95%CI: 2.17-3.67) for those with only physical illnesses, only psychological illnesses, physical illnesses plus cognitive impairment, physical plus psychological illnesses, and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity, respectively.

Conclusion

Most combinations of physical, psychological, and cognitive disorders increase the risk of falls in older adults. Compared with older adults without any illness, the risk of falling was significantly elevated for those with comorbid physical and psychological illnesses, and the risk was highest for those with physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity. Interventions are needed to reduce the risk of falls in older adults with physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jiao FAN), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241036254951821510, articleId=1241036254037463180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=身心脑共病模式与中国老年人跌倒的关系研究, columnId=1228016573844226129, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=疾病预防控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究我国老年人身心脑共病模式的患病率及其对跌倒风险的影响。

方法

基于2018—2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,选取同时参与2018年和2020年两次调查的6 431名60岁及以上老年人作为研究对象。老年人身心脑共病模式采用2018年自我报告的医生诊断疾病、抑郁量表及简易精神状态检查表评估;跌倒情况则通过2020年受访者自述的过去两年内跌倒事件评估。采用具有稳健标准误的Poisson回归模型分析不同身心脑共病模式与老年人跌倒风险的关系。

结果

6 431名60岁及以上老年人中,1 228名(19.1%)老年人在过去两年内发生过跌倒事件。身心脑共病模式中,仅患躯体性疾病的老年人比例最高(33.9%),躯体+认知退行性疾病(17.8%)和身心脑共病(16.9%)次之,心理+认知退行性疾病(2.2%)和仅患心理性疾病(1.6%)的老年人比例最低。Poisson回归显示,调整了所有混杂因素后,与未患病的老年人相比,仅患躯体性疾病、仅患心理性疾病、躯体+认知退行性疾病、躯体+心理性疾病、身心脑共病的老年人发生跌倒风险将增加73%(aRRs:1.73,95% CI:1.33~2.26)、83%(aRRs:1.83,95% CI:1.11~3.03)、70%(aRRs:1.70,95% CI:1.29~2.23)、164%(aRRs:2.64,95% CI:2.02~3.43)和182%(aRRs:2.82,95% CI:2.17~3.67)。

结论

身心脑的疾病组合大多会增加老年人跌倒的风险。与未患病老年人相比,躯体和心理性疾病共病的老年人跌倒风险明显提升,身心脑三者共病的老年人跌倒风险最高。应加强对患有身心脑共病老年人的关注,制定综合干预措施,降低其跌倒风险。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
樊姣,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=W84btw7hRi+154BhAWGAug==, magXml=MpDGChWkcykT5/F1D73U7g==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=NnohAmWzPxs+p97FhwwtNQ==, pdfFileSize=694220, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=n7LSS979Yb1ON6c6pvbQmg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

樊姣(1987—),女,本科,主管护师,研究方向:关节外科与护理

, authorsList=樊姣)}, authors=[Author(id=1241057504608711154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=fanjiaoshanxi@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241057504696791543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, authorId=1241057504608711154, language=EN, stringName=Jiao FAN, firstName=Jiao, middleName=null, lastName=FAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Yuncheng Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241057504784871932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, authorId=1241057504608711154, language=CN, stringName=樊姣, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=山西医科大学附属运城市中心医院关节外科,山西 运城 044000, bio={"content":"

樊姣(1987—),女,本科,主管护师,研究方向:关节外科与护理

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

樊姣(1987—),女,本科,主管护师,研究方向:关节外科与护理

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057504394801639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057504403190248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, companyId=1241057504394801639, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Yuncheng Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057504407384555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, companyId=1241057504394801639, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=山西医科大学附属运城市中心医院关节外科,山西 运城 044000)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241057504973615624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Older adults), Keyword(id=1241057505082667536, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Physical illness), Keyword(id=1241057505179136533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Psychological illness), Keyword(id=1241057505275605534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Cognitive impairment), Keyword(id=1241057505355297317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Multimorbidity), Keyword(id=1241057505434989102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=Falls), Keyword(id=1241057505539846711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=老年人), Keyword(id=1241057505699230278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=躯体性疾病), Keyword(id=1241057505816670796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=心理性疾病), Keyword(id=1241057505925722707, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=认知退行性疾病), Keyword(id=1241057506059940449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=多重共病), Keyword(id=1241057506164798063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=跌倒)], refs=[Reference(id=1241057507444060894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=12, issue=1, pageStart=13, pageEnd=18, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Handelsman J, journalName=Perspectives on Hearing Conservation and Occupational Audiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Handelsman J. Falls among older adults: a public health concern[J]. Perspectives on Hearing Conservation and Occupational Audiology, 2011, 12(1): 13-18., articleTitle=Falls among older adults: a public health concern, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507519558379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=13, issue=2, pageStart=50, pageEnd=55, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=李家胜, 黄佳钰, 李丽萍, journalName=伤害医学:电子版, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李家胜,黄佳钰,李丽萍.慢性病共病患者跌倒风险及其影响因素的研究进展[J].伤害医学:电子版2024,13(2):50-55., articleTitle=慢性病共病患者跌倒风险及其影响因素的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507632804597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=13, issue=2, pageStart=50, pageEnd=55, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Li JS, Huang JY, Li LP, journalName=Injury Medicine: Electronic Edition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li JS, Huang JY, Li LP. Research on fall risk and influencing factors among patients with multimorbidity[J]. Injury Medicine: Electronic Edition, 2024, 13(2): 50-55. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Research on fall risk and influencing factors among patients with multimorbidity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507767022336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=27, issue=9, pageStart=3957, pageEnd=3966, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Alenazi AM, Alhowimel AS, Alshehri MM, journalName=European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Alenazi AM, Alhowimel AS, Alshehri MM, et al. Generalized and localized osteoarthritis and risk of fall among older adults: the role of chronic diseases and medications using real world data from a single center[J]. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2023, 27(9): 3957-3966., articleTitle=Generalized and localized osteoarthritis and risk of fall among older adults: the role of chronic diseases and medications using real world data from a single center, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507871879941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=341, issue=null, pageStart=211, pageEnd=218, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Wang JJ, Li SJ, Hu Y, journalName=Journal of Affective Disorders, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang JJ, Li SJ, Hu Y, et al. The moderating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between falls, anxiety and depressive symptoms[J]. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2023, 341: 211-218., articleTitle=The moderating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between falls, anxiety and depressive symptoms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057507980931857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=80, issue=5, pageStart=2121, pageEnd=2136, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Pantong U, Trapero I, Jareaprapal U, journalName=Journal of Advanced Nursing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Pantong U, Trapero I, Jareaprapal U. Analysis and prevention of falls among community-dwelling older adults in southern Thailand[J]. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2024, 80(5): 2121-2136., articleTitle=Analysis and prevention of falls among community-dwelling older adults in southern Thailand, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508102566686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=9, issue=6, pageStart=168, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Farup PG, Hestad K, Engedal K, journalName=Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Farup PG, Hestad K, Engedal K. Falls in persons with cognitive impairment-incidence and characteristics of the fallers[J]. Geriatrics, 2024, 9(6): 168., articleTitle=Falls in persons with cognitive impairment-incidence and characteristics of the fallers, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508182258469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=2, pageStart=291, pageEnd=298, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=7, authorNames=陶萍, 解洪荣, 韩甲, journalName=同济大学学报:医学版, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陶萍,解洪荣,韩甲.帕金森病患者跌倒的运动与认知障碍机制研究进展[J].同济大学学报:医学版2022,43(2):291-298., articleTitle=帕金森病患者跌倒的运动与认知障碍机制研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508278727473, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=2, pageStart=291, pageEnd=298, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Tao P, Xie HR, Han J, journalName=Journal of Tongji University: Medical Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tao P, Xie HR, Han J. Research progress on the mechanism of falls in Parkinson’s disease patients with motor and cognitive impairment[J]. Journal of Tongji University: Medical Science, 2022, 43(2): 291-298. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress on the mechanism of falls in Parkinson’s disease patients with motor and cognitive impairment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508400362298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=37, issue=2, pageStart=105, pageEnd=108, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=9, authorNames=何智捷, 张韶辉, 于小明, journalName=中国康复, refType=null, unstructuredReference=何智捷,张韶辉,于小明,等.卒中后认知障碍对数学计算-步行双任务中步态自动化程度和跌倒风险的影响[J].中国康复2022,37(2):105-108., articleTitle=卒中后认知障碍对数学计算-步行双任务中步态自动化程度和跌倒风险的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508589105990, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=37, issue=2, pageStart=105, pageEnd=108, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=10, authorNames=He ZJ, Zhang SH, Yu XM, journalName=Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He ZJ, Zhang SH, Yu XM, et al.The effect of post-stroke cognitive impairment on gait automation and fall risk in the dual task of mathematical calculation and walking[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation, 2022, 37(2): 105-108. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The effect of post-stroke cognitive impairment on gait automation and fall risk in the dual task of mathematical calculation and walking, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508714935120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=9, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Li Y, Hou LY, Zhao HP, journalName=Frontiers in Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Y, Hou LY, Zhao HP, et al. Risk factors for falls among community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Frontiers in Medicine, 2022, 9: 1019094., articleTitle=Risk factors for falls among community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057508933038946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=7, pageStart=1268, pageEnd=1271, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=12, authorNames=蔡燕, 杨洋, journalName=现代预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蔡燕,杨洋.中老年人认知功能与未来跌倒事件的关联研究[J].现代预防医学2021,48(7):1268-1271., articleTitle=中老年人认知功能与未来跌倒事件的关联研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509184697198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=7, pageStart=1268, pageEnd=1271, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Cai Y, Yang Y, journalName=Modern Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai Y, Yang Y. Associations of cognitive function with future falls in mid-and old-aged People[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2021, 48(7): 1268-1271. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Associations of cognitive function with future falls in mid-and old-aged People, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509314720635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=4, issue=11, pageStart=e618, pageEnd=e628, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Ni YJ, Zhou YG, Kivimäki M, journalName=The Lancet. Healthy Longevity, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ni YJ, Zhou YG, Kivimäki M, et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults in 33 countries: a cross-sectional study[J].The Lancet. Healthy Longevity, 2023, 4(11): e618-e628., articleTitle=Socioeconomic inequalities in physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults in 33 countries: a cross-sectional study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509406995333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1999, volume=159, issue=15, pageStart=1701, pageEnd=1704, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Irwin M, Artin KH, Oxman MN, journalName=Archives of Internal Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Irwin M, Artin KH, Oxman MN. Screening for depression in the older adult: criterion validity of the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)[J]. Archives of Internal Medicine, 1999, 159(15): 1701-1704., articleTitle=Screening for depression in the older adult: criterion validity of the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509507658640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1988, volume=41, issue=10, pageStart=971, pageEnd=978, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Katzman R, Zhang MY, Ouang YQ, journalName=Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Katzman R, Zhang MY, Ouang YQ, et al. A Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination; Impact of illiteracy in a Shanghai dementia survey[J]. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 1988, 41(10): 971-978., articleTitle=A Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination; Impact of illiteracy in a Shanghai dementia survey, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509612516251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=7, issue=Suppl 1, pageStart=385, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Andersson B, Luo H, journalName=Innovation in Aging, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Andersson B, Luo H. The mini-mental state examination in a Chinese population: reliability, validity, and measurement invariance[J]. Innovation in Aging, 2023, 7(Suppl 1): 385., articleTitle=The mini-mental state examination in a Chinese population: reliability, validity, and measurement invariance, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509746733988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=50, issue=5, pageStart=1499, pageEnd=1507, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Montero-Odasso M, Van der velde N, Alexander NB, journalName=Age and Ageing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Montero-Odasso M, Van der velde N, Alexander NB, et al. New horizons in falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative[J]. Age and Ageing, 2021, 50(5): 1499-1507., articleTitle=New horizons in falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057509889340336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=17, issue=1, pageStart=334, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Salari N, Darvishi N, Ahmadipanah M, journalName=Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Salari N, Darvishi N, Ahmadipanah M, et al. Global prevalence of falls in the older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 2022, 17(1): 334., articleTitle=Global prevalence of falls in the older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510044529596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=13, issue=6, pageStart=66, pageEnd=74, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=20, authorNames=林翠秀, journalName=福建江夏学院学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=林翠秀.社会共生关系理论下城市老人以房养老模式探索[J].福建江夏学院学报2023,13(6):66-74., articleTitle=社会共生关系理论下城市老人以房养老模式探索, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510166164420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=13, issue=6, pageStart=66, pageEnd=74, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Lin CX, journalName=Journal of Fujian Jiangxia University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lin CX. A study on the elderly care through housing model for the urban elderly under the theory of social symbiosis[J].Journal of Fujian Jiangxia University, 2023, 13(6): 66-74. (In Chinese), articleTitle=A study on the elderly care through housing model for the urban elderly under the theory of social symbiosis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510287799246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=53, issue=5, pageStart=820, pageEnd=827, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Huang L, Wang W, Zhao R, journalName=Wei Sheng Yan Jiu=Journal of Hygiene Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Huang L, Wang W, Zhao R, et al.[Association of dietary diversity and falls among Chinese People aged 65 years and above in 2018][J]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu=Journal of Hygiene Research, 2024, 53(5): 820-827., articleTitle=Association of dietary diversity and falls among Chinese People aged 65 years and above in 2018, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510455571416, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=23, authorNames=孙姣, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=孙姣.太极拳对老年人认知能力和跌倒风险的影响[D].南昌:江西师范大学,2024., articleTitle=太极拳对老年人认知能力和跌倒风险的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510564623326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Sun J, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun J. The effects of Tai Chi on cognitive ability and fall risk in older adults[D]. Nanchang: Jiangxi Normal University, 2024. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The effects of Tai Chi on cognitive ability and fall risk in older adults, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510673675236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=163, issue=20, pageStart=2433, pageEnd=2445, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Bair MJ, Robinson RL, Katon W, journalName=Archives of Internal Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bair MJ, Robinson RL, Katon W, et al. Depression and pain comorbidity: a literature review[J]. Archives of Internal Medicine, 2003, 163(20): 2433-2445., articleTitle=Depression and pain comorbidity: a literature review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510761755628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=50, issue=5, pageStart=274, pageEnd=280, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=26, authorNames=余浩, 王丞基, 吴瑶, journalName=中国神经精神疾病杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=余浩,王丞基,吴瑶,等.伴有焦虑症状双相抑郁患者认知功能损害与GRIN2B基因启动子区DNA甲基化相关性研究[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志2024,50(5):274-280., articleTitle=伴有焦虑症状双相抑郁患者认知功能损害与GRIN2B基因启动子区DNA甲基化相关性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241057510854030326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=50, issue=5, pageStart=274, pageEnd=280, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Yu H, Wang CJ, Wu Y, journalName=Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu H, Wang CJ, Wu Y, et al. The correlation between cognitive impairment and DNA methylation in the GRIN2B gene promoter region in bipolar depression patients with anxiety symptom[J]. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 2024, 50(5): 274-280. (In Chinese), articleTitle=The correlation between cognitive impairment and DNA methylation in the GRIN2B gene promoter region in bipolar depression patients with anxiety symptom, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057504394801639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057504403190248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, companyId=1241057504394801639, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Yuncheng Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057504407384555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, companyId=1241057504394801639, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=山西医科大学附属运城市中心医院关节外科,山西 运城 044000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241057506462593672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Baseline characteristics of physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线特征人数
(%)
未患病
n=614)
仅患躯体性疾病(n=2 180)仅患心理性疾病(n=102)仅患认知退行性疾病(n=321)
性别
3 376(52.5)416(67.8)1 302(59.7)58(56.9)184(57.3)
3 055(47.5)198(32.2)878(40.3)44(43.1)137(42.7)
年龄(岁)
60~704 592(71.4)470(76.5)1 603(73.5)78(76.5)248(77.3)
>701 839(28.6)144(23.5)577(26.5)24(23.5)73(22.7)
婚姻状况
已婚5 343(83.1)531(86.5)1 921(88.1)83(81.4)256(79.8)
丧偶、离异或未婚1 088(16.9)83(13.5)259(11.9)19(18.6)65(20.2)
文化程度
文盲1 419(22.1)82(13.4)242(11.1)21(20.6)107(33.3)
小学3 056(47.5)296(48.2)1 124(51.6)52(51.0)122(38)
初中及以上1 956(30.4)236(38.4)814(37.3)29(28.4)92(28.7)
吸烟
从不3 432(53.4)282(45.9)1 082(49.6)49(48.0)152(47.4)
现在1 805(28.1)236(38.4)608(27.9)41(40.2)119(37.1)
从前1 194(18.6)96(15.6)490(22.5)12(11.8)50(15.6)
体育活动
不活动或偶尔4 422(68.8)427(69.5)1 447(66.4)71(69.6)225(70.1)
每天2 009(31.2)187(30.5)733(33.6)31(30.4)96(29.9)
社会支持
低水平1 607(25.0)165(26.9)450(20.6)21(20.6)100(31.2)
高水平4 824(75.0)449(73.1)1 730(79.4)81(79.4)221(68.8)
居住环境
适老化低3 789(58.9)360(58.6)1 330(61.0)56(54.9)165(51.4)
适老化高2 642(41.1)254(41.4)850(39.0)46(45.1)156(48.6)
视力功能
较差4 084(63.5)311(50.7)1 271(58.3)65(63.7)176(54.8)
较好2 347(36.5)303(49.3)909(41.7)37(36.3)145(45.2)
听力功能
较差4 498(69.9)345(56.2)1 430(65.6)79(77.5)199(62.0)
较好1 933(30.1)269(43.8)750(34.4)23(22.5)122(38.0)
基线特征心理+认知退行性疾病
n=139)
躯体+认知退行性疾病
n=1 144)
躯体+心理性疾病(n=844)身心脑共病
n=1 087)
χ2P
性别262.651<0.001
61(43.9)581(50.8)399(47.3)375(34.5)
78(56.1)563(49.2)445(52.7)712(65.5)
年龄(岁)60.747<0.001
60~70111(79.9)761(66.5)615(72.9)706(64.9)
>7028(20.1)383(33.5)229(27.1)381(35.1)
婚姻状况116.368<0.001
已婚113(81.3)943(82.4)695(82.3)801(73.7)
丧偶、离异或未婚26(18.7)201(17.6)149(17.7)286(26.3)
文化程度546.504<0.001
文盲48(34.5)337(29.5)167(19.8)415(38.2)
小学60(43.2)417(36.5)513(60.8)472(43.4)
初中及以上31(22.3)390(34.1)164(19.4)200(18.4)
吸烟140.895<0.001
从不79(56.8)626(54.7)459(54.4)703(64.7)
现在43(30.9)296(25.9)227(26.9)235(21.6)
从前17(12.2)222(19.4)158(18.7)149(13.7)
体育活动12.3990.088
不活动或偶尔97(69.8)787(68.8)583(69.1)785(72.2)
每天42(30.2)357(31.2)261(30.9)302(27.8)
社会支持62.694<0.001
低水平51(36.7)322(28.1)181(21.4)317(29.2)
高水平88(63.3)822(71.9)663(78.6)770(70.8)
居住环境21.9620.003
适老化低83(59.7)647(56.6)530(62.8)618(56.9)
适老化高56(40.3)497(43.4)314(37.2)469(43.1)
视力功能175.466<0.001
较差90(64.7)739(64.6)618(73.2)814(74.9)
较好49(35.3)405(35.4)226(26.8)273(25.1)
听力功能170.632<0.001
较差105(75.5)808(70.6)671(79.5)861(79.2)
较好34(24.5)336(29.4)173(20.5)226(20.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1241057506592617108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同身心脑共病人群的基线特征[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线特征人数
(%)
未患病
n=614)
仅患躯体性疾病(n=2 180)仅患心理性疾病(n=102)仅患认知退行性疾病(n=321)
性别
3 376(52.5)416(67.8)1 302(59.7)58(56.9)184(57.3)
3 055(47.5)198(32.2)878(40.3)44(43.1)137(42.7)
年龄(岁)
60~704 592(71.4)470(76.5)1 603(73.5)78(76.5)248(77.3)
>701 839(28.6)144(23.5)577(26.5)24(23.5)73(22.7)
婚姻状况
已婚5 343(83.1)531(86.5)1 921(88.1)83(81.4)256(79.8)
丧偶、离异或未婚1 088(16.9)83(13.5)259(11.9)19(18.6)65(20.2)
文化程度
文盲1 419(22.1)82(13.4)242(11.1)21(20.6)107(33.3)
小学3 056(47.5)296(48.2)1 124(51.6)52(51.0)122(38)
初中及以上1 956(30.4)236(38.4)814(37.3)29(28.4)92(28.7)
吸烟
从不3 432(53.4)282(45.9)1 082(49.6)49(48.0)152(47.4)
现在1 805(28.1)236(38.4)608(27.9)41(40.2)119(37.1)
从前1 194(18.6)96(15.6)490(22.5)12(11.8)50(15.6)
体育活动
不活动或偶尔4 422(68.8)427(69.5)1 447(66.4)71(69.6)225(70.1)
每天2 009(31.2)187(30.5)733(33.6)31(30.4)96(29.9)
社会支持
低水平1 607(25.0)165(26.9)450(20.6)21(20.6)100(31.2)
高水平4 824(75.0)449(73.1)1 730(79.4)81(79.4)221(68.8)
居住环境
适老化低3 789(58.9)360(58.6)1 330(61.0)56(54.9)165(51.4)
适老化高2 642(41.1)254(41.4)850(39.0)46(45.1)156(48.6)
视力功能
较差4 084(63.5)311(50.7)1 271(58.3)65(63.7)176(54.8)
较好2 347(36.5)303(49.3)909(41.7)37(36.3)145(45.2)
听力功能
较差4 498(69.9)345(56.2)1 430(65.6)79(77.5)199(62.0)
较好1 933(30.1)269(43.8)750(34.4)23(22.5)122(38.0)
基线特征心理+认知退行性疾病
n=139)
躯体+认知退行性疾病
n=1 144)
躯体+心理性疾病(n=844)身心脑共病
n=1 087)
χ2P
性别262.651<0.001
61(43.9)581(50.8)399(47.3)375(34.5)
78(56.1)563(49.2)445(52.7)712(65.5)
年龄(岁)60.747<0.001
60~70111(79.9)761(66.5)615(72.9)706(64.9)
>7028(20.1)383(33.5)229(27.1)381(35.1)
婚姻状况116.368<0.001
已婚113(81.3)943(82.4)695(82.3)801(73.7)
丧偶、离异或未婚26(18.7)201(17.6)149(17.7)286(26.3)
文化程度546.504<0.001
文盲48(34.5)337(29.5)167(19.8)415(38.2)
小学60(43.2)417(36.5)513(60.8)472(43.4)
初中及以上31(22.3)390(34.1)164(19.4)200(18.4)
吸烟140.895<0.001
从不79(56.8)626(54.7)459(54.4)703(64.7)
现在43(30.9)296(25.9)227(26.9)235(21.6)
从前17(12.2)222(19.4)158(18.7)149(13.7)
体育活动12.3990.088
不活动或偶尔97(69.8)787(68.8)583(69.1)785(72.2)
每天42(30.2)357(31.2)261(30.9)302(27.8)
社会支持62.694<0.001
低水平51(36.7)322(28.1)181(21.4)317(29.2)
高水平88(63.3)822(71.9)663(78.6)770(70.8)
居住环境21.9620.003
适老化低83(59.7)647(56.6)530(62.8)618(56.9)
适老化高56(40.3)497(43.4)314(37.2)469(43.1)
视力功能175.466<0.001
较差90(64.7)739(64.6)618(73.2)814(74.9)
较好49(35.3)405(35.4)226(26.8)273(25.1)
听力功能170.632<0.001
较差105(75.5)808(70.6)671(79.5)861(79.2)
较好34(24.5)336(29.4)173(20.5)226(20.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1241057506718446240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Baseline characteristics of participants by falls status[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线特征未跌倒(n=5 203)跌倒(n=1 228)χ2P
身心脑共病情况204.217<0.001
未患病560(10.8)54(4.4)
仅患躯体性疾病1 834(35.2)346(28.2)
仅患心理性疾病84(1.6)18(1.5)
仅患认知退行性疾病287(5.5)34(2.8)
心理+认知退行性疾病117(2.2)22(1.8)
躯体+认知退行性疾病949(18.2)195(15.9)
躯体+心理性疾病622(12.0)222(18.1)
身心脑共病750(14.4)337(27.4)
性别83.285<0.001
2 875(55.3)501(40.8)
2 328(44.7)727(59.2)
年龄(岁)13.765<0.001
60~703 768(72.4)824(67.1)
>701 435(27.6)404(32.9)
婚姻状况26.861<0.001
已婚4 384(84.3)959(78.1)
丧偶、离异或未婚819(15.7)269(21.9)
文化程度39.353<0.001
文盲1 069(20.5)350(28.5)
小学2 498(48.0)558(45.4)
初中及以上1 636(31.4)320(26.1)
吸烟33.476<0.001
从不2 686(51.6)746(60.7)
现在1 520(29.2)285(23.2)
从前997(19.2)197(16.0)
体育活动3.5740.059
不活动或偶尔3 550(68.2)872(71.0)
每天1 653(31.8)356(29.0)
社会支持0.0250.875
低水平1 298(24.9)309(25.2)
高水平3 905(75.1)919(74.8)
居住环境0.0260.871
适老化低3 068(59.0)721(58.7)
适老化高2 135(41.0)507(41.3)
视力功能20.773<0.001
较差3 235(62.2)849(69.1)
较好1 968(37.8)379(30.9)
听力功能24.893<0.001
较差3 567(68.6)931(75.8)
较好1 636(31.4)297(24.2)
), ArticleFig(id=1241057506882024110, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

跌倒和未跌倒老年人基线特征[n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线特征未跌倒(n=5 203)跌倒(n=1 228)χ2P
身心脑共病情况204.217<0.001
未患病560(10.8)54(4.4)
仅患躯体性疾病1 834(35.2)346(28.2)
仅患心理性疾病84(1.6)18(1.5)
仅患认知退行性疾病287(5.5)34(2.8)
心理+认知退行性疾病117(2.2)22(1.8)
躯体+认知退行性疾病949(18.2)195(15.9)
躯体+心理性疾病622(12.0)222(18.1)
身心脑共病750(14.4)337(27.4)
性别83.285<0.001
2 875(55.3)501(40.8)
2 328(44.7)727(59.2)
年龄(岁)13.765<0.001
60~703 768(72.4)824(67.1)
>701 435(27.6)404(32.9)
婚姻状况26.861<0.001
已婚4 384(84.3)959(78.1)
丧偶、离异或未婚819(15.7)269(21.9)
文化程度39.353<0.001
文盲1 069(20.5)350(28.5)
小学2 498(48.0)558(45.4)
初中及以上1 636(31.4)320(26.1)
吸烟33.476<0.001
从不2 686(51.6)746(60.7)
现在1 520(29.2)285(23.2)
从前997(19.2)197(16.0)
体育活动3.5740.059
不活动或偶尔3 550(68.2)872(71.0)
每天1 653(31.8)356(29.0)
社会支持0.0250.875
低水平1 298(24.9)309(25.2)
高水平3 905(75.1)919(74.8)
居住环境0.0260.871
适老化低3 068(59.0)721(58.7)
适老化高2 135(41.0)507(41.3)
视力功能20.773<0.001
较差3 235(62.2)849(69.1)
较好1 968(37.8)379(30.9)
听力功能24.893<0.001
较差3 567(68.6)931(75.8)
较好1 636(31.4)297(24.2)
), ArticleFig(id=1241057507041407679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Poisson regression analysis of factors associated with falls in older adults[RR(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线特征跌倒人数
(%)
未调整协变量模型1调整人口学特征和生活方式
模型2
调整人口学特征、生活方式和社会环境因素
模型3
调整人口学特征、生活方式、社会环境因素和感官功能
模型4
身心脑共病情况
未患病54(8.8)1.001.001.001.00
仅患躯体性疾病346(15.9)1.80(1.37~2.37)1.77(1.35~2.31)1.77(1.35~2.31)1.73(1.33~2.26)
仅患心理性疾病18(17.6)2.01(1.23~3.28)1.91(1.15~3.16)1.91(1.15~3.17)1.83(1.11~3.03)
仅患认知退行性疾病34(10.6)1.20(0.80~1.81)1.12(0.74~1.72)1.12(0.73~1.71)1.11(0.72~1.69)
心理+认知退行性疾病22(15.8)1.80(1.14~2.85)1.61(1.03~2.51)1.61(1.03~2.51)1.55(0.99~2.42)
躯体+认知退行性疾病195(17.0)1.94(1.46~2.58)1.75(1.33~2.31)1.75(1.33~2.31)1.70(1.29~2.23)
躯体+心理性疾病222(26.3)2.99(2.26~3.95)2.76(2.12~3.59)2.76(2.12~3.60)2.64(2.02~3.43)
身心脑共病337(31.0)3.53(2.69~4.62)2.97(2.28~3.86)2.96(2.28~3.86)2.82(2.17~3.67)
), ArticleFig(id=1241057507142070986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036254037463180, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

老年人跌倒影响因素的Poisson回归分析[RR(95%CI)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基线特征跌倒人数
(%)
未调整协变量模型1调整人口学特征和生活方式
模型2
调整人口学特征、生活方式和社会环境因素
模型3
调整人口学特征、生活方式、社会环境因素和感官功能
模型4
身心脑共病情况
未患病54(8.8)1.001.001.001.00
仅患躯体性疾病346(15.9)1.80(1.37~2.37)1.77(1.35~2.31)1.77(1.35~2.31)1.73(1.33~2.26)
仅患心理性疾病18(17.6)2.01(1.23~3.28)1.91(1.15~3.16)1.91(1.15~3.17)1.83(1.11~3.03)
仅患认知退行性疾病34(10.6)1.20(0.80~1.81)1.12(0.74~1.72)1.12(0.73~1.71)1.11(0.72~1.69)
心理+认知退行性疾病22(15.8)1.80(1.14~2.85)1.61(1.03~2.51)1.61(1.03~2.51)1.55(0.99~2.42)
躯体+认知退行性疾病195(17.0)1.94(1.46~2.58)1.75(1.33~2.31)1.75(1.33~2.31)1.70(1.29~2.23)
躯体+心理性疾病222(26.3)2.99(2.26~3.95)2.76(2.12~3.59)2.76(2.12~3.60)2.64(2.02~3.43)
身心脑共病337(31.0)3.53(2.69~4.62)2.97(2.28~3.86)2.96(2.28~3.86)2.82(2.17~3.67)
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1770628902248, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1227669854342280188, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902278, updatedTime=1770628902278, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1227669854396806141, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902291, updatedTime=1770628902291, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
身心脑共病模式与中国老年人跌倒的关系研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
樊姣
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025,52(16): 3054-3060
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025, 52(16): 3054-3060
身心脑共病模式与中国老年人跌倒的关系研究
全屏
樊姣
作者信息
  • 山西医科大学附属运城市中心医院关节外科,山西 运城 044000
  • 樊姣(1987—),女,本科,主管护师,研究方向:关节外科与护理

通讯作者:

樊姣,E-mail:
Relationship between physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns and falls among older adults, China
Jiao FAN
Affiliations
  • Yuncheng Central Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

探究我国老年人身心脑共病模式的患病率及其对跌倒风险的影响。

方法

基于2018—2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,选取同时参与2018年和2020年两次调查的6 431名60岁及以上老年人作为研究对象。老年人身心脑共病模式采用2018年自我报告的医生诊断疾病、抑郁量表及简易精神状态检查表评估;跌倒情况则通过2020年受访者自述的过去两年内跌倒事件评估。采用具有稳健标准误的Poisson回归模型分析不同身心脑共病模式与老年人跌倒风险的关系。

结果

6 431名60岁及以上老年人中,1 228名(19.1%)老年人在过去两年内发生过跌倒事件。身心脑共病模式中,仅患躯体性疾病的老年人比例最高(33.9%),躯体+认知退行性疾病(17.8%)和身心脑共病(16.9%)次之,心理+认知退行性疾病(2.2%)和仅患心理性疾病(1.6%)的老年人比例最低。Poisson回归显示,调整了所有混杂因素后,与未患病的老年人相比,仅患躯体性疾病、仅患心理性疾病、躯体+认知退行性疾病、躯体+心理性疾病、身心脑共病的老年人发生跌倒风险将增加73%(aRRs:1.73,95% CI:1.33~2.26)、83%(aRRs:1.83,95% CI:1.11~3.03)、70%(aRRs:1.70,95% CI:1.29~2.23)、164%(aRRs:2.64,95% CI:2.02~3.43)和182%(aRRs:2.82,95% CI:2.17~3.67)。

结论

身心脑的疾病组合大多会增加老年人跌倒的风险。与未患病老年人相比,躯体和心理性疾病共病的老年人跌倒风险明显提升,身心脑三者共病的老年人跌倒风险最高。应加强对患有身心脑共病老年人的关注,制定综合干预措施,降低其跌倒风险。

老年人  /  躯体性疾病  /  心理性疾病  /  认知退行性疾病  /  多重共病  /  跌倒
Objective

To investigate the prevalence of physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns and their impact on the risk of falls among older adults in China.

Methods

Data were drawn from the CHARLS 2018-2020. A total of 6 431 participants aged 60 years and older were included. Physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns were assessed in 2018 using self-reported physician-diagnosed diseases, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Mini-Mental State Examination. Falls were assessed in 2020 by self-reported fall events in the past two years. Poisson regression models with robust standard errors were used to analyse the association between multimorbidity patterns and the risk of falls.

Results

1 228(19.1%) out of 6 431 participants aged 60 years and older had experienced a fall in the past two years. In terms of the physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity pattern, the highest proportion of older adults had only physical illnesses (33.9%), followed by physical illnesses plus cognitive impairment (17.8%) and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity (16.9%). The lowest proportions were observed for older adults with psychological illnesses plus cognitive impairment (2.2%) and those with only psychological illnesses (1.6%). Compared with older adults without any illnesses, the risk of falling increased by 73%(aRRs: 1.73, 95%CI: 1.33-2.26), 83%(aRRs: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.11-3.03), 70%(aRRs: 1.70, 95%CI: 1.29-2.23), 164%(aRRs: 2.64, 95%CI: 2.02-3.43), and 182%(aRRs: 2.82, 95%CI: 2.17-3.67) for those with only physical illnesses, only psychological illnesses, physical illnesses plus cognitive impairment, physical plus psychological illnesses, and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity, respectively.

Conclusion

Most combinations of physical, psychological, and cognitive disorders increase the risk of falls in older adults. Compared with older adults without any illness, the risk of falling was significantly elevated for those with comorbid physical and psychological illnesses, and the risk was highest for those with physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity. Interventions are needed to reduce the risk of falls in older adults with physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity.

Older adults  /  Physical illness  /  Psychological illness  /  Cognitive impairment  /  Multimorbidity  /  Falls
樊姣. 身心脑共病模式与中国老年人跌倒的关系研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (16) : 3054 -3060 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361
Jiao FAN. Relationship between physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity patterns and falls among older adults, China[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (16) : 3054 -3060 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361
老年人跌倒是一项公共卫生挑战[1]。跌倒不仅导致疼痛、骨折等急性损伤,还会造成长期功能障碍、生活质量下降乃至死亡,给家庭和社会带来沉重负担。多重共病是造成老年跌倒的主要原因之一。既往研究表明,随着慢性病共病数量及疾病严重程度的增加,老年跌倒风险也随之累积增加[2]。心理健康问题,如抑郁和焦虑,会导致神经递质失衡、应激激素水平升高和注意力不集中,增加老年人跌倒风险[2-4]。认知衰退也会增加跌倒风险,其机制包括引发步态和平衡问题、视觉空间感知障碍以及危险意识和判断力下降等。虽然国外已有研究关注认知障碍对老年人跌倒风险的影响[5-6],但国内研究主要聚焦于探索认知障碍患者的运动功能,例如步态特征、活动水平等[7-8],而鲜有队列研究直接探讨其与跌倒的关系[9-10]
身心脑共病模式是指躯体性疾病、心理性疾病和认知退行性疾病之间相互作用及影响的复杂疾病状态。在中高水平收入国家中,45岁及以上成年人身心脑多重共病的患病率为6.41%[11],这种现象在老年人群中更为普遍。然而,目前研究对心理与认知障碍在跌倒风险中的作用区分不足,且缺乏身心脑共病叠加效应的探讨。因此,本研究旨在探讨身心脑共病模式与老年人跌倒的关系,为制定精准的跌倒预防策略提供科学依据。
本研究利用了2018年和2020年两次中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,旨在分析中国60岁及以上老年人身心脑共病模式与跌倒风险的关系。排除标准:①2020年未参与随访调查的受访者;②2020年未回答跌倒情况的受访者;③基线调查中未回答任意躯体性疾病、抑郁量表或认知障碍量表的受访者;④缺失关键协变量的受访者,这些协变量涵盖了人口学特征、生活方式、社会环境因素和感官功能等方面;⑤年龄低于60岁。遵循上述排除标准,最终筛选出样本共计6 431名60岁及以上的老年人作为研究对象。
因变量是自2018年调查以来受访者是否经历跌倒。在2020年随访调查中,通过一项条目询问受访者的跌倒情况:“自2018年调查以来,你有没有摔倒过?(是或否)”。
暴露因素由躯体性疾病、心理性疾病和认知退行性疾病构成[11]
躯体性疾病是由受访者自我报告的经医生诊断的10种躯体疾病,包括高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病、癌症、肺部疾病、肝脏疾病、心脏病、中风、关节炎和肾脏疾病。存在上述任意一种则视为患有躯体性疾病。
心理性疾病被定义为患有抑郁症或有医生诊断的任何情绪、神经或精神方面的问题。抑郁症状通过流行病学研究中心抑郁量表(CES-D)测量。CES-D由10项条目构成,通过评估受访者在过去一周内的实际情况和亲身感受来识别抑郁症状[12]。CES-D每项条目有四个回答选项,从没有或几乎没有(<1天)到几乎一直有(5~7天),分别记0到3分,量表总分30分。CES-D的有效性在我国中老年人群得到验证,得分10分或以上认为存在抑郁症状[12]。此外,还询问了受访者是否存在经医生诊断的任何情绪、神经或精神方面的问题。
认知退行性疾病利用简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)和经医生诊断的疾病(如老年痴呆症、脑萎缩、帕金森症)评估。MMSE是一项标准的智力状态检测工具,常用作认知障碍筛查。该量表包括注意力、定向力、计算力、语言能力、即时记忆和延迟记忆六大认知功能。得分范围为0到30分。根据受访者的文化水平,认知障碍阈值定义为:文盲≤17分,小学学历≤20分,初中及以上学历≤24分[13]。在2018年CHARLS调查中,首次使用标准的MMSE量表,其有效性已在中国老年人群中得到充分验证[14]
参考老年人跌倒影响因素相关文献[29],纳入2018年基线协变量包括:人口学特征(性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度)、健康行为(吸烟状态、体力活动频率)、社会支持(由正式支持与非正式支持构成,其中正式支持通过养老金领取、医疗保险参与、居家养老服务使用任一指标判定;非正式支持通过子女经济援助、每周至少1次亲子联系、近1个月社交活动参与任一指标判定。当且仅当老年人两者均存在支持时界定为“社会支持高水平”)、居住环境适老化程度(以住宅是否配备无障碍通道或地面平坦无台阶为判定标准)、感官功能(视力功能基于“看远/近物能力”双问题评估,双项回答“一般/不好”则归为较差;听力功能通过单问题评估,回答“一般/不好”归为较差,其余情况视为较好)。
分类变量采用频数和百分比描述。采用卡方检验比较老年人不同身心脑共病模式以及跌倒情况的基线特征。运用具有稳健标准误的泊松回归分析身心脑共病模式与老年人发生跌倒之间的关系,并考虑了社区一级的聚类。采用泊松回归建模分为四个步骤:模型1不调整任何混杂因素;模型2调整人口学特征和生活方式,并在社区一级进行聚类;模型3进一步调整了社会环境因素;模型4则调整了所以协变量,并在社区一级进行聚类。
本研究开展了四项敏感性分析:一、多重插补法填补所有协变量缺失值。二、多重插补法填补自变量与控制变量缺失值。三、剔除躯体残疾和大脑受损或智力缺陷的老年人。四、加入药物使用情况作为控制变量。
所有分析均使用Stata 17.0完成,双侧检验水准α=0.05。
在6 431名60岁及以上老年人中,男性3 376人,占52.5%;70岁及以下老年4 592人,占71.4%;已婚5 343人,占83.1%;小学文化程度3 056人,占47.5%;从不吸烟3 432人,占53.4%;不活动或偶尔体育活动4 422人,占68.8%。
将老年人身心脑共病情况划分为8种类型,其中仅患躯体性疾病患者数量最多,占总人数的33.9%(2 180人);躯体+认知退行性疾病人数次之,占17.8%(1 144人);仅患心理性疾病和患心理+认知退行性疾病老年人数量最少,分别占1.6%和2.2%。身心脑共病老年人1 087人,占16.9%;未患病老年人共计614人,占9.5%。
不同身心脑共病模式中老年人的性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、吸烟情况、社会支持、居住环境、视力功能和听力功能比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表1
6 431名60岁及以上老年人中,1 228名(19.1%)老年人在过去两年内发生过跌倒事件。在未跌倒和发生跌倒的老年人群中,身心脑共病患者分别占比14.4%和27.4%。未跌倒和跌倒老年人的不同身心脑共病模式比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=204.217,P<0.001)。详细结果参见表2
以过去两年内老年人的跌倒事件为因变量,以老年人身心脑共病模式为主要的暴露因素,开展多因素的Poisson回归分析(表3)。在调整了所有协变量后,与未患病的老年人相比,仅患躯体性疾病、仅患心理性疾病、躯体+认知退行性疾病、躯体+心理性疾病、身心脑共病的老年人发生跌倒风险将增加73%(aRRs: 1.73,95%CI:1.33~2.26)、83%(aRRs: 1.83,95%CI:1.11~3.03)、70%(aRRs: 1.70,95%CI:1.29~2.23)、164%(aRRs: 2.64,95%CI:2.02~3.43)和182%(aRRs: 2.82,95%CI:2.17~3.67)。
敏感性分析结果发现,无论是利用多重插补法填补变量、剔除躯体残疾和大脑受损或智力缺陷的受访者还是添加协变量(药物服用情况),身心脑共病模式与老年人发生跌倒风险之间的关系依旧稳健,调整后RR值稍有降低。
结果显示,我国接近两成老年人过去两年内经历跌倒。这一比例与日本(20%)[15]相近,但低于全球平均水平(26.5%)[16]。差异可能归因于不同地域文化、生活方式、医疗及社会支持体系。中日两国传统上注重家庭养老[17],提供便利的照护与支持,且居家环境相对安全。在饮食和生活习惯上,我国饮食结构富含蔬菜、水果、豆类和鱼类,有益于骨骼和肌肉健康[18];且我国老人注重养生,太极拳、广场舞的普及有助于增强平衡与灵活性,减少跌倒[19]。此外,我国正推进老年友好型社区建设,如增设扶手、无障碍通道等,有利于降低老年跌倒风险。
与未患病老年相比,任何身心脑疾病组合都会增加跌倒风险,与先前研究一致[2]。身心脑疾病组合可能通过多种途径发挥作用。共病通过生理(如平衡受损、肌肉无力)、心理(如注意力分散、恐惧跌倒)及认知(如判断力、平衡能力和感知能力下降)多维度影响跌倒风险[9]。然而,本研究发现,躯体+心理疾病共病跌倒风险的增加幅度明显高于其他两种类型疾病共病,这提示躯体疾病和心理疾病的共病对跌倒风险的影响可能更大,两者可能存在相互作用[20],如慢性疼痛与抑郁、焦虑的恶性循环,以及药物副作用(如头晕、嗜睡)的叠加效应。
身心脑共病的老年人跌倒风险近乎未患病者的两倍,突出了身心脑共病会造成多重功能损害[21],例如,躯体疾病导致平衡能力下降、心理疾病导致注意力不集中、认知障碍导致判断力下降等,这些功能损害都会增加跌倒风险。此外,身心脑疾病之间存在恶性循环[9],例如,躯体疾病会产生疼痛和不适,进而导致抑郁和焦虑,而抑郁和焦虑又会加重躯体症状,认知功能下降又会影响老年人对疾病的管理和应对能力,最终使跌倒风险叠加。
本研究优势在于区分心理性疾病和认知退行性疾病,并探索了身心脑共病的叠加效应对老年人跌倒风险的影响。局限性如下:首先,尽管采用队列研究设计,但因果推断仍受限,需通过随机对照试验进一步验证;其次,纳入的躯体性疾病种类有限,可能低估多重共病患病率,尤其是骨质疏松症等已知跌倒风险因素未被纳入调查范围;最后,疾病数据依赖自我报告和量表评估,可能存在回忆偏倚。
综上,本研究揭示身心脑共病与老年人跌倒风险的显著关联,突出躯体疾病合并心理疾病以及身心脑三病共存的老年人面临更高的跌倒风险。临床医生应关注多重共病患者,尤其是躯体疾病后的心理健康状况,评估跌倒风险,制定个体化干预。在公共卫生领域,应加强对老年人身心健康关注,推广健康教育和健康促进活动。
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Handelsman J. Falls among older adults: a public health concern[J]. Perspectives on Hearing Conservation and Occupational Audiology, 2011, 12(1): 13-18.
[2]
李家胜,黄佳钰,李丽萍.慢性病共病患者跌倒风险及其影响因素的研究进展[J].伤害医学:电子版2024,13(2):50-55.
Li JS, Huang JY, Li LP. Research on fall risk and influencing factors among patients with multimorbidity[J]. Injury Medicine: Electronic Edition, 2024, 13(2): 50-55. (In Chinese)
[3]
Alenazi AM, Alhowimel AS, Alshehri MM, et al. Generalized and localized osteoarthritis and risk of fall among older adults: the role of chronic diseases and medications using real world data from a single center[J]. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, 2023, 27(9): 3957-3966.
[4]
Wang JJ, Li SJ, Hu Y, et al. The moderating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between falls, anxiety and depressive symptoms[J]. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2023, 341: 211-218.
[5]
Pantong U, Trapero I, Jareaprapal U. Analysis and prevention of falls among community-dwelling older adults in southern Thailand[J]. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2024, 80(5): 2121-2136.
[6]
Farup PG, Hestad K, Engedal K. Falls in persons with cognitive impairment-incidence and characteristics of the fallers[J]. Geriatrics, 2024, 9(6): 168.
[7]
陶萍,解洪荣,韩甲.帕金森病患者跌倒的运动与认知障碍机制研究进展[J].同济大学学报:医学版2022,43(2):291-298.
Tao P, Xie HR, Han J. Research progress on the mechanism of falls in Parkinson’s disease patients with motor and cognitive impairment[J]. Journal of Tongji University: Medical Science, 2022, 43(2): 291-298. (In Chinese)
[8]
何智捷,张韶辉,于小明,等.卒中后认知障碍对数学计算-步行双任务中步态自动化程度和跌倒风险的影响[J].中国康复2022,37(2):105-108.
He ZJ, Zhang SH, Yu XM, et al.The effect of post-stroke cognitive impairment on gait automation and fall risk in the dual task of mathematical calculation and walking[J]. Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation, 2022, 37(2): 105-108. (In Chinese)
[9]
Li Y, Hou LY, Zhao HP, et al. Risk factors for falls among community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Frontiers in Medicine, 2022, 9: 1019094.
[10]
蔡燕,杨洋.中老年人认知功能与未来跌倒事件的关联研究[J].现代预防医学2021,48(7):1268-1271.
Cai Y, Yang Y. Associations of cognitive function with future falls in mid-and old-aged People[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2021, 48(7): 1268-1271. (In Chinese)
[11]
Ni YJ, Zhou YG, Kivimäki M, et al. Socioeconomic inequalities in physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults in 33 countries: a cross-sectional study[J].The Lancet. Healthy Longevity, 2023, 4(11): e618-e628.
[12]
Irwin M, Artin KH, Oxman MN. Screening for depression in the older adult: criterion validity of the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)[J]. Archives of Internal Medicine, 1999, 159(15): 1701-1704.
[13]
Katzman R, Zhang MY, Ouang YQ, et al. A Chinese version of the mini-mental state examination; Impact of illiteracy in a Shanghai dementia survey[J]. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 1988, 41(10): 971-978.
[14]
Andersson B, Luo H. The mini-mental state examination in a Chinese population: reliability, validity, and measurement invariance[J]. Innovation in Aging, 2023, 7(Suppl 1): 385.
[15]
Montero-Odasso M, Van der velde N, Alexander NB, et al. New horizons in falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative[J]. Age and Ageing, 2021, 50(5): 1499-1507.
[16]
Salari N, Darvishi N, Ahmadipanah M, et al. Global prevalence of falls in the older adults: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, 2022, 17(1): 334.
[17]
林翠秀.社会共生关系理论下城市老人以房养老模式探索[J].福建江夏学院学报2023,13(6):66-74.
Lin CX. A study on the elderly care through housing model for the urban elderly under the theory of social symbiosis[J].Journal of Fujian Jiangxia University, 2023, 13(6): 66-74. (In Chinese)
[18]
Huang L, Wang W, Zhao R, et al.[Association of dietary diversity and falls among Chinese People aged 65 years and above in 2018][J]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu=Journal of Hygiene Research, 2024, 53(5): 820-827.
[19]
孙姣.太极拳对老年人认知能力和跌倒风险的影响[D].南昌:江西师范大学,2024
Sun J. The effects of Tai Chi on cognitive ability and fall risk in older adults[D]. Nanchang: Jiangxi Normal University, 2024. (In Chinese)
[20]
Bair MJ, Robinson RL, Katon W, et al. Depression and pain comorbidity: a literature review[J]. Archives of Internal Medicine, 2003, 163(20): 2433-2445.
[21]
余浩,王丞基,吴瑶,等.伴有焦虑症状双相抑郁患者认知功能损害与GRIN2B基因启动子区DNA甲基化相关性研究[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志2024,50(5):274-280.
Yu H, Wang CJ, Wu Y, et al. The correlation between cognitive impairment and DNA methylation in the GRIN2B gene promoter region in bipolar depression patients with anxiety symptom[J]. Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 2024, 50(5): 274-280. (In Chinese)
2025年第52卷第16期
PDF下载
37
12
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361
  • 接收时间:2025-01-22
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-22
基金
作者信息
    山西医科大学附属运城市中心医院关节外科,山西 运城 044000

通讯作者:

樊姣,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202501361
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏