Article(id=1241036253584478337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503592, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1743350400000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-31, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815700193, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815700193, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815700193, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815700193, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241036242561855785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='16', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3072', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815697565, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773840190562, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3022, endPage=3028, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241036254180069521, articleId=1241036253584478337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Study on constructing a quality evaluation index system for centralized hospitalization treatment of infectious tuberculosis based on Donabedian theory, Guizhou, columnId=1228016573156360233, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Disease Control and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To construct a preliminary quality evaluation index system for the centralized hospitalization treatment of infectious tuberculosis (TB), and to provide a reference basis for further promoting centralized hospitalization treatment of TB.

Methods

Based on Donabedian’s “structure-process-result” theoretical framework, the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process were used toconstruct the content of the index system and determine the weights of the indicators.

Results

The active coefficients of experts in both rounds are 100%, the authority index of experts is 0.918 and 0.922, and the Kendall harmony coefficients of first level, second level, and third level indicators are 0.168(χ2=8.400, P=0.015), 0.174(χ2=104.355, P<0.001), and 0.112(χ2=232.560, P<0.001) respectively, the difference was statistically significant. The final index system consists of 3 primary indicators, 25 secondary indicators, and 84 tertiary indicators.

Conclusion

The quality evaluation index system of centralized hospitalization treatment for infectious tuberculosis constructed in this study has a high degree of representativeness and authority, with a more standardized construction of indicators and a more reasonable distribution of weights, which lays the foundation for subsequent research.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Hui ZENG, Hui-juan CHEN, Yun WANG, Xue LI, Jin-lan LI, Ai-ju HUANG, Xiao-long LU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241036254599499944, articleId=1241036253584478337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=基于Donabedian质量理论的贵州省传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系构建研究, columnId=1228016573844226129, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=疾病预防控制, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

初步构建传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系,为进一步推动传染性肺结核集中住院治疗提供参考依据。

方法

基于Donabedian“结构-过程-结果”质量理论框架,采用德尔菲法和层次分析法构建指标体系的内容及权重。

结果

两轮专家积极程度均为100%,专家权威程度分别为0.918和0.922,一级指标、二级指标、三级指标的Kendall W分别为0.168(χ2=8.400,P=0.015)、0.174(χ2=104.355,P<0.001)、0.112(χ2=232.560,P<0.001),差异均有统计学意义。最终指标体系由3个一级指标、25个二级指标、84个三级指标组成。

结论

构建的传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系具有较高代表性及权威程度,指标构建较为规范、权重分布较为合理,可为后续研究奠定基础。

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陈慧娟,E-mail:
王芸,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=EPfgE4lBiRuYz6PRMjqIuA==, magXml=bw84YcUfRf77JIs8LCx9ZQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=8V7Ab1TUMb6GNdWAAzo8CQ==, pdfFileSize=811438, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=SNB8x/o5a8nACzyBTuaUxA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

陈慧娟和王芸为共同通信作者。

曾慧(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:健康教育研究

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曾慧(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:健康教育研究

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(In Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis of risk factors for sputum culture conversion in MDR-PTB patients at the end of the third month during treatment, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241057507892842533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, awardId=82360659; 81860591, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(82360659; 81860591), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241057507980922931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, awardId=黔科合基础-ZK(2022)386, language=CN, fundingSource=贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK(2022)386), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241057508098363451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, awardId=gzwkj2023-076, language=CN, fundingSource=贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2023-076), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057503035839123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057503044227732, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, companyId=1241057503035839123, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057503048422037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, companyId=1241057503035839123, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241057503115530905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057503128113821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, companyId=1241057503115530905, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心卫生健康促进与宣传教育所)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241057503220388514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057503224582819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, companyId=1241057503220388514, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.贵州医科大学医药卫生管理学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241057506877821912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The basis for determining matrix assignment

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赋值标度重要性等级含义
1两者具有同样的重要性
3前者比后者稍微重要
5前者比后者明显重要
7前者比后者非常重要
9前者比后者极其重要
2、4、6、8重要性等级介于上述相邻标度判断的中间值
倒数若前者与后者的重要性之比为a;则后者与前者的重要性之比为 1/a
), ArticleFig(id=1241057506986873823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

判断矩阵赋值依据

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
赋值标度重要性等级含义
1两者具有同样的重要性
3前者比后者稍微重要
5前者比后者明显重要
7前者比后者非常重要
9前者比后者极其重要
2、4、6、8重要性等级介于上述相邻标度判断的中间值
倒数若前者与后者的重要性之比为a;则后者与前者的重要性之比为 1/a
), ArticleFig(id=1241057507142063082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Basic information on experts

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项目数量(人)构成比(%)
年龄(岁)
30~39 520
40~491352
50~60 728
性别
1560
1040
工作年限(年)
10~191872
20~29 624
30~40 1 4
职称
主任医师 832
副主任医师 728
主治医师1040
), ArticleFig(id=1241057507246920693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

专家基本情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目数量(人)构成比(%)
年龄(岁)
30~39 520
40~491352
50~60 728
性别
1560
1040
工作年限(年)
10~191872
20~29 624
30~40 1 4
职称
主任医师 832
副主任医师 728
主治医师1040
), ArticleFig(id=1241057507414691840, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Weights of indicators for evaluating the quality of intensive hospitalization treatment for infectious tuberculosis in Guizhou Province(%)

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指标权重组合权重
1.结构指标0.1630.163
1.1组织领导3.4340.006
1.1.1成立领导小组2.5400.000
1.1.2召开工作部署会议2.0050.000
1.1.3建立联防联控工作机制3.5130.000
1.1.4结核病集中住院治疗纳入基层政府目标考核和医院等级评审9.2740.001
1.1.5成立督查小组,确保患者生活补助资金落实到位82.6680.005
1.2政策保障7.6460.012
1.2.1结核病集中住院治疗点投入国家及省级专项经费6.7790.001
1.2.2结核病集中住院治疗点所属地投入政府专项经费5.1410.001
1.2.3完善医保报销政策支持11.7880.002
1.2.4集中收治患者突破住院天数限制4.2680.001
1.2.5集中住院治疗工作不纳入抗生素药占比考核8.4120.001
1.2.6集中收治患者医疗报销不受DRG/DIP付费限制18.4900.002
1.2.7建立健康扶贫医疗保障资金救助模式5.2550.001
1.2.8在保障集中住院治疗点医护人员奖金不低于全院平均水平的基础上,建立医护人员奖励性绩效分配制度13.8200.002
1.2.9对不转诊医生实行约谈制度3.8400.001
1.2.10对患者住院期间提供生活补助13.0980.002
1.2.11患者集中住院医疗费用自付比例不超过10%9.1100.001
1.3软硬件保障3.0060.005
1.3.1配备足够住院病房和床位,有条件的医院设立相对独立的病区20.0500.001
1.3.2配齐配足专业团队人才并完善培训成长机制62.2930.003
1.3.3派驻疾控监督员,加强医防协同融合3.3320.000
1.3.4常对基层医师进行治疗指导14.3250.001
1.4制度保障6.3070.010
1.4.1成立省、市、州综合质控专家组,拟定具体质控计划并定期开展集中住院治疗综合质量控制工作10.6210.001
1.4.2建立疾控监督员制度,医院落实结核病防控公共卫生职责4.0770.000
1.4.3建立院内病原学阴性患者诊断质控小组,定期开展质控工作20.6180.002
1.4.4建立患者就诊绿色通道15.7060.002
1.4.5门诊和住院部之间建立患者转诊转送机制18.6500.002
1.4.6市县级定点医院建立绿色转诊通道15.2520.002
1.4.7市县级定点医院建立远程诊疗协作机制15.0760.002
1.5病房设置与患者分配6.3440.010
1.5.1病房是否为独立建筑1.3130.000
1.5.2设置病原学阳性肺结核病区12.5980.001
1.5.3实施“三区两通道”24.5540.003
1.5.4根据患者病原学分类进行收治61.5360.006
1.6通风改善情况14.2990.023
1.6.1改善病房通风状况99.8330.023
1.6.2设置标准病床间隔0.1670.000
1.7紫外线照射消毒11.1380.018
1.7.1配备合格的紫外线灭菌装置2.8180.001
1.7.2紫外灯管数量与房间容积匹配1.9400.000
1.7.3定期维护紫外灯95.2430.017
1.8个人防护17.7400.029
1.8.1医务人员佩戴医用防护口罩(N95)99.3150.029
1.8.2患者咳嗽礼仪0.1510.000
1.8.3患者佩戴医用外科口罩0.5330.000
1.9污染物处理9.5170.016
1.9.1痰液等污染液体遵循正确处理方法100.0000.016
1.10访视管理2.7290.004
1.10.1制订对患者访视人员的管理规定100.0000.004
1.11工作人员健康检测17.8410.029
1.11.1医护人员建立定期结核筛查100.0000.029
2.过程指标10.83210.832
2.1规范诊断、治疗、信息监测和随访管理20.5932.231
2.1.1建立患者诊疗管理的机制与流程2.6190.058
2.1.2医疗机构服务能力提升9.8040.219
2.1.3患者得到全程规范治疗与随访44.2220.986
2.1.4患者信息及时上报、录入和规范监测5.7560.128
2.1.5有效管控传染源与降低传播风险37.5990.839
2.2住院标准3.2050.347
2.2.1病原学阳性肺结核患者66.2610.230
2.2.2肺部病灶范围广泛或伴有空洞肺结核患者33.7390.117
2.3出院标准3.4820.377
2.3.1住院治疗3周后病原学阳性患者连续3次痰检阴性16.2070.061
2.3.2结核分子生物学RNA检测阴性19.1280.072
2.3.3 28天未阴转者由专家组讨论是否出院57.7490.218
2.3.4患者住院信息转送至门诊6.9160.026
2.4住院期间诊疗10.4921.137
2.4.1住院时间按《肺结核临床路径》执行2.2510.026
2.4.2住院期间执行全程督导化治疗30.5720.347
2.4.3密切接触者按1:3的比例开展胸片和痰涂片的筛查,<15岁的首先进行PPD筛查58.8840.669
2.4.4依托远程医疗服务提升诊断能力8.2940.094
2.5治疗方案9.9141.074
2.5.1非耐药患者无特殊情况应采用固定剂量复合剂(FDC)标准化方案0.0030.000
2.5.2利福平耐药者转诊至市州级耐药定点医院治疗99.9971.074
2.6病案信息建立5.4810.594
2.6.1门诊病案建立14.5270.086
2.6.2住院病案建立3.6350.022
2.6.3病案信息录入结核病专报系统81.8390.486
2.7第一步:宣传动员工作7.0740.766
2.7.1患者入院的健康教育与动员6.2750.048
2.7.2对不配合集中住院治疗的患者进行宣传动员76.8520.589
2.7.3将对患者的动员纳入社区乡镇目标考核16.8730.129
2.8第二步:新登记未住院的结核患者6.3540.688
2.8.1结核病知识介绍18.4860.127
2.8.2治疗动员实施81.5140.561
2.9第三步:新登记并纳入住院治疗的患者6.8680.744
2.9.1对患者床旁健康教育9.7410.073
2.9.2院内患者及家属健康教育讲座22.7810.170
2.9.3用药前咨询与知情同意67.4790.502
2.10第四步:拟出院患者2.6020.282
2.10.1出院后服药计划制定11.9320.034
2.10.2家庭感染控制知识教育4.5080.013
2.10.3随访和居家服药管理83.5600.236
2.11第五步:随访复查患者7.8100.846
2.11.1门诊电话随访及复诊通知0.1630.001
2.11.2复诊咨询实施10.8320.092
2.11.3服药医嘱确认89.0050.753
2.12基本公共卫生服务实施6.3910.692
2.12.1乡村医生随访与管理26.3930.183
2.12.2乡村医生面对面健康教育73.6070.510
2.13诊断治疗病人管理9.7351.055
2.13.1乡村医生上门动员7.1900.076
2.13.2乡镇干部介入动员92.8100.979
3.结果指标89.00589.005
3.1考核指标100.00089.005
3.1.1病原学阳性患者集中住院治疗率90%27.35824.350
3.1.2集中住院患者痰菌阴转率90%62.99956.072
3.1.3患者家庭密切接触者筛查率90%5.6054.989
3.1.4患者结核病知识知晓率90%4.0383.594
), ArticleFig(id=1241057507561492495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036253584478337, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

贵州省传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标权重(%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标权重组合权重
1.结构指标0.1630.163
1.1组织领导3.4340.006
1.1.1成立领导小组2.5400.000
1.1.2召开工作部署会议2.0050.000
1.1.3建立联防联控工作机制3.5130.000
1.1.4结核病集中住院治疗纳入基层政府目标考核和医院等级评审9.2740.001
1.1.5成立督查小组,确保患者生活补助资金落实到位82.6680.005
1.2政策保障7.6460.012
1.2.1结核病集中住院治疗点投入国家及省级专项经费6.7790.001
1.2.2结核病集中住院治疗点所属地投入政府专项经费5.1410.001
1.2.3完善医保报销政策支持11.7880.002
1.2.4集中收治患者突破住院天数限制4.2680.001
1.2.5集中住院治疗工作不纳入抗生素药占比考核8.4120.001
1.2.6集中收治患者医疗报销不受DRG/DIP付费限制18.4900.002
1.2.7建立健康扶贫医疗保障资金救助模式5.2550.001
1.2.8在保障集中住院治疗点医护人员奖金不低于全院平均水平的基础上,建立医护人员奖励性绩效分配制度13.8200.002
1.2.9对不转诊医生实行约谈制度3.8400.001
1.2.10对患者住院期间提供生活补助13.0980.002
1.2.11患者集中住院医疗费用自付比例不超过10%9.1100.001
1.3软硬件保障3.0060.005
1.3.1配备足够住院病房和床位,有条件的医院设立相对独立的病区20.0500.001
1.3.2配齐配足专业团队人才并完善培训成长机制62.2930.003
1.3.3派驻疾控监督员,加强医防协同融合3.3320.000
1.3.4常对基层医师进行治疗指导14.3250.001
1.4制度保障6.3070.010
1.4.1成立省、市、州综合质控专家组,拟定具体质控计划并定期开展集中住院治疗综合质量控制工作10.6210.001
1.4.2建立疾控监督员制度,医院落实结核病防控公共卫生职责4.0770.000
1.4.3建立院内病原学阴性患者诊断质控小组,定期开展质控工作20.6180.002
1.4.4建立患者就诊绿色通道15.7060.002
1.4.5门诊和住院部之间建立患者转诊转送机制18.6500.002
1.4.6市县级定点医院建立绿色转诊通道15.2520.002
1.4.7市县级定点医院建立远程诊疗协作机制15.0760.002
1.5病房设置与患者分配6.3440.010
1.5.1病房是否为独立建筑1.3130.000
1.5.2设置病原学阳性肺结核病区12.5980.001
1.5.3实施“三区两通道”24.5540.003
1.5.4根据患者病原学分类进行收治61.5360.006
1.6通风改善情况14.2990.023
1.6.1改善病房通风状况99.8330.023
1.6.2设置标准病床间隔0.1670.000
1.7紫外线照射消毒11.1380.018
1.7.1配备合格的紫外线灭菌装置2.8180.001
1.7.2紫外灯管数量与房间容积匹配1.9400.000
1.7.3定期维护紫外灯95.2430.017
1.8个人防护17.7400.029
1.8.1医务人员佩戴医用防护口罩(N95)99.3150.029
1.8.2患者咳嗽礼仪0.1510.000
1.8.3患者佩戴医用外科口罩0.5330.000
1.9污染物处理9.5170.016
1.9.1痰液等污染液体遵循正确处理方法100.0000.016
1.10访视管理2.7290.004
1.10.1制订对患者访视人员的管理规定100.0000.004
1.11工作人员健康检测17.8410.029
1.11.1医护人员建立定期结核筛查100.0000.029
2.过程指标10.83210.832
2.1规范诊断、治疗、信息监测和随访管理20.5932.231
2.1.1建立患者诊疗管理的机制与流程2.6190.058
2.1.2医疗机构服务能力提升9.8040.219
2.1.3患者得到全程规范治疗与随访44.2220.986
2.1.4患者信息及时上报、录入和规范监测5.7560.128
2.1.5有效管控传染源与降低传播风险37.5990.839
2.2住院标准3.2050.347
2.2.1病原学阳性肺结核患者66.2610.230
2.2.2肺部病灶范围广泛或伴有空洞肺结核患者33.7390.117
2.3出院标准3.4820.377
2.3.1住院治疗3周后病原学阳性患者连续3次痰检阴性16.2070.061
2.3.2结核分子生物学RNA检测阴性19.1280.072
2.3.3 28天未阴转者由专家组讨论是否出院57.7490.218
2.3.4患者住院信息转送至门诊6.9160.026
2.4住院期间诊疗10.4921.137
2.4.1住院时间按《肺结核临床路径》执行2.2510.026
2.4.2住院期间执行全程督导化治疗30.5720.347
2.4.3密切接触者按1:3的比例开展胸片和痰涂片的筛查,<15岁的首先进行PPD筛查58.8840.669
2.4.4依托远程医疗服务提升诊断能力8.2940.094
2.5治疗方案9.9141.074
2.5.1非耐药患者无特殊情况应采用固定剂量复合剂(FDC)标准化方案0.0030.000
2.5.2利福平耐药者转诊至市州级耐药定点医院治疗99.9971.074
2.6病案信息建立5.4810.594
2.6.1门诊病案建立14.5270.086
2.6.2住院病案建立3.6350.022
2.6.3病案信息录入结核病专报系统81.8390.486
2.7第一步:宣传动员工作7.0740.766
2.7.1患者入院的健康教育与动员6.2750.048
2.7.2对不配合集中住院治疗的患者进行宣传动员76.8520.589
2.7.3将对患者的动员纳入社区乡镇目标考核16.8730.129
2.8第二步:新登记未住院的结核患者6.3540.688
2.8.1结核病知识介绍18.4860.127
2.8.2治疗动员实施81.5140.561
2.9第三步:新登记并纳入住院治疗的患者6.8680.744
2.9.1对患者床旁健康教育9.7410.073
2.9.2院内患者及家属健康教育讲座22.7810.170
2.9.3用药前咨询与知情同意67.4790.502
2.10第四步:拟出院患者2.6020.282
2.10.1出院后服药计划制定11.9320.034
2.10.2家庭感染控制知识教育4.5080.013
2.10.3随访和居家服药管理83.5600.236
2.11第五步:随访复查患者7.8100.846
2.11.1门诊电话随访及复诊通知0.1630.001
2.11.2复诊咨询实施10.8320.092
2.11.3服药医嘱确认89.0050.753
2.12基本公共卫生服务实施6.3910.692
2.12.1乡村医生随访与管理26.3930.183
2.12.2乡村医生面对面健康教育73.6070.510
2.13诊断治疗病人管理9.7351.055
2.13.1乡村医生上门动员7.1900.076
2.13.2乡镇干部介入动员92.8100.979
3.结果指标89.00589.005
3.1考核指标100.00089.005
3.1.1病原学阳性患者集中住院治疗率90%27.35824.350
3.1.2集中住院患者痰菌阴转率90%62.99956.072
3.1.3患者家庭密切接触者筛查率90%5.6054.989
3.1.4患者结核病知识知晓率90%4.0383.594
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基于Donabedian质量理论的贵州省传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系构建研究
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曾慧 1 , 陈慧娟 1, 2 , 王芸 1 , 倪雪 1 , 李进岚 2 , 黄爱菊 2 , 禄晓龙 3
现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025,52(16): 3022-3028
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现代预防医学 | 疾病预防控制 2025, 52(16): 3022-3028
基于Donabedian质量理论的贵州省传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系构建研究
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曾慧1, 陈慧娟1, 2 , 王芸1 , 倪雪1, 李进岚2, 黄爱菊2, 禄晓龙3
作者信息
  • 1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113
  • 2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心卫生健康促进与宣传教育所
  • 3.贵州医科大学医药卫生管理学院
  • 曾慧(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:健康教育研究

通讯作者:

陈慧娟,E-mail:
王芸,E-mail:
Study on constructing a quality evaluation index system for centralized hospitalization treatment of infectious tuberculosis based on Donabedian theory, Guizhou
Hui ZENG1, Hui-juan CHEN1, 2 , Yun WANG1 , Xue LI1, Jin-lan LI2, Ai-ju HUANG2, Xiao-long LU3
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 561113, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503592
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目的

初步构建传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系,为进一步推动传染性肺结核集中住院治疗提供参考依据。

方法

基于Donabedian“结构-过程-结果”质量理论框架,采用德尔菲法和层次分析法构建指标体系的内容及权重。

结果

两轮专家积极程度均为100%,专家权威程度分别为0.918和0.922,一级指标、二级指标、三级指标的Kendall W分别为0.168(χ2=8.400,P=0.015)、0.174(χ2=104.355,P<0.001)、0.112(χ2=232.560,P<0.001),差异均有统计学意义。最终指标体系由3个一级指标、25个二级指标、84个三级指标组成。

结论

构建的传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系具有较高代表性及权威程度,指标构建较为规范、权重分布较为合理,可为后续研究奠定基础。

Donabedian质量理论  /  肺结核  /  评价指标体系  /  德尔菲法  /  层次分析法
Objective

To construct a preliminary quality evaluation index system for the centralized hospitalization treatment of infectious tuberculosis (TB), and to provide a reference basis for further promoting centralized hospitalization treatment of TB.

Methods

Based on Donabedian’s “structure-process-result” theoretical framework, the Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process were used toconstruct the content of the index system and determine the weights of the indicators.

Results

The active coefficients of experts in both rounds are 100%, the authority index of experts is 0.918 and 0.922, and the Kendall harmony coefficients of first level, second level, and third level indicators are 0.168(χ2=8.400, P=0.015), 0.174(χ2=104.355, P<0.001), and 0.112(χ2=232.560, P<0.001) respectively, the difference was statistically significant. The final index system consists of 3 primary indicators, 25 secondary indicators, and 84 tertiary indicators.

Conclusion

The quality evaluation index system of centralized hospitalization treatment for infectious tuberculosis constructed in this study has a high degree of representativeness and authority, with a more standardized construction of indicators and a more reasonable distribution of weights, which lays the foundation for subsequent research.

Donabedian quality theory  /  Tuberculosis  /  Evaluation index system  /  Delphi method  /  Analytic hierarchy process
曾慧, 陈慧娟, 王芸, 倪雪, 李进岚, 黄爱菊, 禄晓龙. 基于Donabedian质量理论的贵州省传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系构建研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (16) : 3022 -3028 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503592
Hui ZENG, Hui-juan CHEN, Yun WANG, Xue LI, Jin-lan LI, Ai-ju HUANG, Xiao-long LU. Study on constructing a quality evaluation index system for centralized hospitalization treatment of infectious tuberculosis based on Donabedian theory, Guizhou[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (16) : 3022 -3028 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503592
肺结核是一种由结核分枝杆菌引起的慢性传染病,痰中排菌的肺结核病人是该病的传染源[1]。1个传染性肺结核患者1年中可能感染10~15人[2-3]。传染性肺结核患者集中住院治疗可有效隔离传染源在社区中的传播,并有效提高患者治疗依从性和疗效[4]。为此,《“十三五”全国结核病防治规划》提出,“有条件的地区要开展传染性肺结核患者住院治疗试点,逐步实现传染期内患者住院治疗”[5]。贵州省传染性肺结核发病率高居全国前列,为有效防控肺结核,2021年贵州省在13家县级结核病定点医院开展“传染性及重症肺结核患者集中住院治疗试点项目”。构建一套完整健全的指标体系,对规范和开展当前传染性肺结核集中住院治疗工作尤为重要。鉴于鲜有研究报道肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系,故本研究以Donabedian模型为理论框架[6],结合德尔菲法和层次分析法,初步构建贵州省传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系,为本省和他省进一步推动该项工作提供参考依据。
研究小组由7人。从事结核病预防与控制工作3名;传染病流行病学、结核病预防与控制研究1名;医疗保障政策研究1名及2名研究生。主要负责:(1)建立指标体系并形成咨询问卷;(2)遴选专家;(3)咨询问卷发放、收回及数据分析。
依据Donabedian质量理论[6],围绕肺结核隔离治疗[4]、结核病治疗管理[7]、结核病控制[8]等内容,查阅国内外文献,结合贵州省卫生健康委员会于2021年下发的《贵州省传染性及重症肺结核患者集中住院治疗工作指导方案(试行)》(以下简称《方案》)及研究小组讨论,从结构-过程-结果[6]三方面初步构建指标体系条目池。
德尔菲法一般要求专家数为15~50位[9],因此本研究共遴选25位具有代表性的专家。入选标准:(1)结核病领域工作≥10年;(2)熟悉评价指标相关知识;(3)自愿参加。
问卷共包括三个部分:(1)专家基本信息;(2)评价指标体系咨询表、判断依据及专家对指标熟悉程度表;(3)层次分析表。此外,为便于专家填写修改意见,问卷每项指标旁都设有修改栏。
本研究共进行两轮专家咨询,第一轮专家咨询结束后,根据指标选入标准(重要性得分>3.5分,且变异系数<0.25[10])、专家意见、《方案》及研究小组讨论,对指标条目进行增加、修改或删除,从而形成第二轮问卷。随后发放至专家并在规定时间内回收。对问卷进行整理和讨论,最终形成传染性肺结核集中住院治疗质量评价指标体系。问卷采用 Likert 5级综合评分法:1~5依次是不重要、不太重要、一般重要、比较重要和很重要。专家对指标的判断依据[11]分别为实践经验(0.5、0.4、0.3)、理论分析(0.3、0.2、0.1)、参考国内外资料(0.1、0.1、0.1)及直觉(0.1、0.1、0.1);专家对指标熟悉程度[11]分为五个等级:不熟悉(0.2)、了解一点(0.4)、一般熟悉(0.6)、比较熟悉(0.8)及很熟悉(1)。1.3.4层次分析法 根据指标体系建立层次结构模型,构建指标判断矩阵,按照Saaty量表[12]表1)对指标条目重要程度进行两两比较,再用一致性比例(Consistency Ratio,CR)对各矩阵进行一致性判断:CR<0.1表示专家判断矩阵评分具有良好的一致性[10],检验通过。
采用EpiData 3.1软件录入数据,采用Excel 2019计算各指标权重,采用SPSS 23.0软件对数据进行统计与分析,分析内容包括四方面:
(1)专家基本情况:性别、年龄、职务、职称以及工作年限。
(2)专家积极程度[13]:用问卷有效回收率表示,即参与专家数/全部专家数×100%。回收率>70%视为专家积极程度良好。
(3)专家权威程度(Cr)[1214]:常由专家熟悉程度(Cs)和判断依据(Ca)决定,即Cr=(Ca+Cs)/2;Cr的取值范围为0~1,值越大,专家权威程度越高,结果越可靠。
(4)专家意见协调程度[12]:用肯德尔和谐系数(Kendall W)和变异系数(CV)判断指标意见一致性。Kendall W在0~1之间,值越大协调程度越好;采用χ2检验分析,若P<0. 05,认为专家意见一致,结果可信[12]。CV值越小,专家意见协调程度越高,CV<0.25为可接受范围。
本研究共遴选25名专家,其中男性15人,女性10人;年龄在40岁以上的专家占80%;72%的专家在结核病领域工作时间达10~20年;60%的专家为高级职称。见表2
两轮专家咨询,均发放25份问卷,收回有效问卷25份,即问卷有效回收率均为100%,专家积极程度较高。两轮Cr分别为0.918和0.922,表明专家权威程度较高,结果可信[14]
两轮专家咨询中各条目CV均<0.25,第二轮Kendall W(0.168、0.174、0.112)较第一轮Kendall W(0.160、0.143、0.106)有所提升(P<0.05),表明专家意见一致[14]
初步构建3个一级指标,25个二级指标和81个三级指标。经两轮专家咨询,共调整8个条目,其中新增3条:(1)成立督查小组,确保患者生活补助资金落实到位;(2)患者集中住院医疗费用自付比例不超过10%;(3)常对基层医师进行指导。完善5条:(1)建立集中治疗点医护人员奖励性绩效分配制度,调整为“在保障集中治疗点医护人员奖金不低于全院平均水平的基础上,建立其奖励性绩效分配制度”;(2)根据患者类型收治分类,调整为“根据患者病原学分类进行收治”;(3)肺部病灶范围广泛,调整为“肺部病灶范围广泛或伴有空洞肺结核患者”;(4)患者家属按1:3密切接触筛查,调整为“密切接触者按1:3的比例开展胸片和痰涂片的筛查,<15岁首先进行PPD筛查”;(5)非耐药患者采用FDC标准化方案,调整为“非耐药患者无特殊情况应采用固定剂量复合剂(FDC)标准化方案”。第二轮专家咨询按指标筛选标准、专家意见及研究小组讨论后,均无删除或新增指标;专家意见趋于一致。最终确定3个一级指标,25个二级指标以及84个三级指标。
各级指标判断矩阵CR均<0.1,检验通过。在一级指标中,结果质量指标 权重最大(89.005%),其次是过程质量指标(10.832%),结构质量指标最小(0.163%)。见表3
两轮专家咨询结果显示:专家积极系数均为100%,专家权威系数分别为0.918和0.922,表明专家具有较高的积极性和权威性,从而确保研究结果的可靠性[14]。第二轮Kendall W较第一轮有所提升且具有统计学意义,表明专家对指标的认可程度趋于一致,结果可信[14]
结构质量指标中,排名靠前指标分别是:工作人员健康检测、个人防护;通风改善情况和政策保障。这些指标在本研究中得到更高关注的原因可从三方面来解释。第一、医护人员的健康是保障结核病治疗相关工作得以顺利开展的基础。研究表明:提升医务人员感控知识和技能,免费提供医用防护口罩,做好个人防护,可以降低机构结核感染和传播风险[15]。第二、有效的感染控制措施可降低结核分枝杆菌传播风险、保护患者和医护人员健康。既往研究显示:通风改善有助于降低传染性肺结核患者治疗环境中的细菌浓度,减少结核分支杆菌传播,从而对治疗过程产生积极影响[16]。第三、结核病治疗定点医院的政策保障,在医护人员层面,可调动工作积极性,提高工作效益;在患者层面,可提供治疗保障,以减少患者家庭的经济负担,确保患者不因经济问题而中断治疗,从而提高治疗效果[15]。既往研究和实践已证实[17]:若缺乏有效的支持和帮助,肺结核患者会在疗程中的任何阶段出现中断治疗,从而导致耐药的发生。因此,重视相应指标对提高传染性肺结核集中住院治疗效果极为重要。
过程质量指标权重以规范诊断、治疗;随访管理和信息监测为主。首先,规范诊断传染性肺结核患者是结核病治疗的前提,有助于医疗机构采取正确、有效的治疗措施来治愈患者[18]。传染性肺结核治疗周期长,对患者进行全疗程规范治疗是确保患者规律服药、治愈的关键。研究表明:为传染性肺结核患者制定合理的治疗方案,提供规范化治疗服务,可确保结核病治疗工作的有效开展[19]。其次,随访管理可以评估患者的病情变化、服药依从性以及药物不良反应等,可及时给予患者更好的治疗建议。姚旭等[20]研究中指出:传染性肺结核患者服药早期易发生中断服药。因此,在传染性肺结核集中住院治疗中应定期对病人进行随访,检查病人用药情况,给予人文关怀是非常必要的。最后,结核病监测系统是传染性肺结核集中住院治疗工作中不可获缺的组成部分。信息监测是分析和预测结核病疫情特征和流行趋势、评价结核病防治工作效果与制定并完善结核病防治策略和措施等的重要依据[21]。这些指标的高权重,表明专家认可它们在肺结核集中住院治疗中的重要性,与竺丽梅提出的新策略相一致[15]
结果质量指标权重在一级指标中最重。这表明在构建指标体系时,结果质量指标对于反映肺结核集中住院治疗的效果至关重要,它对结构和过程质量起到关键的反馈作用。在结果质量指标中,集中住院患者痰菌阴转率达90%又是最重要的。痰菌阴转率作为传染性肺结核集中住院治疗的一个重要指标,是判断患者治疗效果的主要标准,也是判断住院患者治疗3周后能否出院的标准。既往研究表明:关注结核病人痰菌阴转率情况并分析影响阴转率的因素,有利于早发现治疗效果不佳的患者,并及时调整治疗方案,从而提高治愈率、减少传播风险[22]
本研究基于Donabedian质量理论,遵循德尔菲法构建指标体系,并结合层次分析法计算指标权重,实现了定性与定量的有机结合。最终确定3个一级指标、25个二级指标及84个三级指标,构建的指标体系科学、可靠,具有较强理论价值,可为后续研究提供参考依据。但,本研究也存在一定局限性:德尔菲法本质是一种基于权威的主观判断和评价的方法,所构建的指标体系可能存在相对局限性;本研究尚未对该评价指标体系进行实证性研究,在实际应用中是否适用还需进一步探索。因此,该指标体系可在今后实践中不断完善,以便将来能够将其推广和应用。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(82360659; 81860591)
  • 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK(2022)386)
  • 贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2023-076)
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2025年第52卷第16期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503592
  • 接收时间:2025-03-31
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-31
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(82360659; 81860591)
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK(2022)386)
贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2023-076)
作者信息
    1.贵州医科大学公共卫生与健康学院,环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室,贵州 贵阳 561113
    2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心卫生健康促进与宣传教育所
    3.贵州医科大学医药卫生管理学院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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