Article(id=1241036252716257404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202506097, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1749139200000, receivedDateStr=2025-06-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815699986, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815699986, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815699986, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815699986, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241036242561855785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='16', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3072', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815697565, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773840190562, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3061, endPage=3066, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241036254150709390, articleId=1241036252716257404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=The current cognitive status of hospice care models for medical staff from the perspective of modern preventive medicine: A study based on Neijiang palliative care demonstration zone, columnId=1228016569138213037, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Clinical Medicine and Prevention, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practices of healthcare workers in the palliative care pilot area of Neijiang, Sichuan, regarding the concepts, functions, and goals of palliative care, and to provide evidence for developing a primary palliative care service model.
Methods Seventy-two healthcare workers from six medical institutions in Neijiang’s pilot area were surveyed using a self-designed questionnaire validated by experts. The survey covered demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practices. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 with descriptive statistics.
Results Participants were predominantly female (79.17%), with college degrees (54.17%) and junior titles (54.17%). Knowledge: 81.94% confused palliative care with hospice care, and only 4.17% recognized its focus on symptom control and social care; over 60% misunderstood service functions, with low awareness of morphine use (23.61% correct) and pain assessment (31.94% correct). Attitudes: 70% acknowledged the value of palliative care, with 44% citing stress from end-of-life care. Practices: Pain management (40.79%), patient/family communication (41.67%), institutional referrals (40.28% occasional), and death education (38.89% occasional) were inadequately performed.
Conclusion Healthcare workers in Neijiang’s pilot area lack clear understanding and professional skills in palliative care, showing deficiencies in knowledge, implementation, and service delivery. Misconceptions and skill gaps hinder service development, necessitating enhanced training and model optimization.
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目的 内江市成为第二批省级安宁疗护试点城市之一,了解内江市医护人员对安宁疗护概念、职能及目标的认知与临床实践现状,为基层安宁疗护服务模式的完善与推广提供依据。
方法 采取整群随机抽样方法,选取内江安宁疗护示范区6家医疗机构72名从事安宁疗护的医护人员,采用专家论证的自编问卷开展自填式问卷调查。
结果 调查对象以女性(79.17%)、已婚(61.11%)、无宗教信仰(70.83%)、护士岗位(36.11%)、大专学历(54.17%)、初级职称(54.17%)为主。认知方面:81.94%混淆安宁疗护与姑息医学,仅4.17%认识到以症状控制和社会关怀为核心;超60%误解服务职能,对吗啡应用(23.61%)和疼痛评估(31.94%)的正确认知不足。态度方面:70%认同安宁疗护价值,44%因生命末期关怀感压力。实践方面:疼痛管理(40.79%)、患者家属沟通(41.67%)、机构推荐(23.61%)、死亡教育(22.22%)均执行不足。
结论 内江试点区医护人员对安宁疗护概念认识尚不够清楚,执业能力不足,呈现“认知-实施-服务”三重缺陷,认知误区与专业技能缺将协同制约服务发展,需加强培训与模式优化。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=Vl/nZZFGy3eOqW/h1T33wQ==, magXml=MGIXt3hJKUVJ1aTh/tlhaw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=MAcpa53jvXG3UoDygV/yDw==, pdfFileSize=694330, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=46Z0nXCA8E0oYsGapMQsVw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
张成洁(1987—),女,本科,主管护师,研究方向:临床护理
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39(5): 66-69. (In Chinese), articleTitle=A survey of medical staff's attitude towards palliative care and hospice care behavior, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057506076717667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057506080911973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, companyId=1241057506076717667, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057506089300582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, companyId=1241057506076717667, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241057509381829507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Demographic data of the medical staff surveyed in the medical institutions of Neijiang Demonstration Zone
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征 | 人数 | 构成比(%) |
|---|
| 性别 | | |
| 男 | 15 | 20.83 |
| 女 | 57 | 79.17 |
| 婚姻状况 | | |
| 未婚 | 24 | 33.33 |
| 已婚 | 44 | 61.11 |
| 丧偶 | 2 | 2.78 |
| 离异 | 2 | 2.78 |
| 宗教信仰 | | |
| 佛教 | 18 | 25.00 |
| 基督教 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 无 | 51 | 70.83 |
| 工作岗位 | | |
| 行政管理 | 6 | 8.33 |
| 医生 | 10 | 13.89 |
| 护士 | 26 | 36.11 |
| 医技及其他 | 30 | 41.67 |
| 学历 | | |
| 本科及以上 | 21 | 29.17 |
| 大专 | 39 | 54.17 |
| 中专及高中 | 9 | 12.50 |
| 初中及以下 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 职称 | | |
| 正高级 | 1 | 1.39 |
| 副高级 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 中级 | 15 | 20.83 |
| 初级 | 39 | 54.17 |
| 无 | 14 | 19.44 |
| 合计 | 72 | 100.00 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057509507658642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
内江示范区调查对象的基本社会人口学特征
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 特征 | 人数 | 构成比(%) |
|---|
| 性别 | | |
| 男 | 15 | 20.83 |
| 女 | 57 | 79.17 |
| 婚姻状况 | | |
| 未婚 | 24 | 33.33 |
| 已婚 | 44 | 61.11 |
| 丧偶 | 2 | 2.78 |
| 离异 | 2 | 2.78 |
| 宗教信仰 | | |
| 佛教 | 18 | 25.00 |
| 基督教 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 无 | 51 | 70.83 |
| 工作岗位 | | |
| 行政管理 | 6 | 8.33 |
| 医生 | 10 | 13.89 |
| 护士 | 26 | 36.11 |
| 医技及其他 | 30 | 41.67 |
| 学历 | | |
| 本科及以上 | 21 | 29.17 |
| 大专 | 39 | 54.17 |
| 中专及高中 | 9 | 12.50 |
| 初中及以下 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 职称 | | |
| 正高级 | 1 | 1.39 |
| 副高级 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 中级 | 15 | 20.83 |
| 初级 | 39 | 54.17 |
| 无 | 14 | 19.44 |
| 合计 | 72 | 100.00 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057509620904859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
The cognition of palliative care among medical staff in primary medical institutions of Neijiang Demonstration Zone
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 问题 | 选择人数 | 构成比 (%) |
|---|
| 您知道安宁疗护概念是 | | |
| 临终关怀a | 59 | 81.94 |
| 舒缓医疗a | 6 | 8.33 |
| 缓和医疗a | 6 | 8.33 |
| 安宁疗护最主要内容是 | | |
| 日常照料a | 17 | 23.61 |
| 症状控制a | 3 | 4.17 |
| 舒适护理a | 10 | 13.89 |
| 社会支持a | 3 | 4.17 |
| 精神心理支持a | 22 | 30.56% |
| 其他 | 17 | 23.61% |
| 您认为安宁病房功能定位 | | |
| 急性症状处理病房a | 5 | 6.94 |
| 康复病房 | 11 | 15.28 |
| 护理病房a | 6 | 8.33 |
| 养护病房a | 48 | 66.67 |
| 安宁疗护服务理念主要是 | | |
| 积极医治 | 5 | 6.94 |
| 不惜一切代价抢救 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 照料关怀为主a | 44 | 61.11 |
| 提高生命质量a | 19 | 26.39 |
| 提供安宁疗护服务需要情感上的超脱(分离) | | |
| 对 | 38 | 52.78 |
| 错 | 12 | 16.67 |
| 不确定 | 20 | 27.78 |
| 安宁疗护团队最首要的任务是症状控制与舒适护理 | | |
| 对 | 63 | 87.50 |
| 错 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 不确定 | 5 | 6.94 |
| 安宁疗护团队最首要的任务是提供患者及家属精神心理和社会问题的管理 | | |
| 对 | 55 | 76.39 |
| 错 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 不确定 | 13 | 18.06 |
| 世界卫生组织癌症疼痛按三级镇痛阶梯疗法的规范用药 | | |
| 对 | 49 | 68.06 |
| 错 | 2 | 2.78 |
| 不确定 | 20 | 27.78 |
| 安宁疗护团队在患者死后为家属提供居丧护理 | | |
| 对 | 46 | 63.89 |
| 错 | 5 | 6.94 |
| 不确定 | 20 | 27.78 |
| 居家安宁疗护符合我国的民俗习惯 | | |
| 对 | 38 | 52.78 |
| 错 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 不确定 | 30 | 41.67 |
| 吗啡适合于治疗严重呼吸困难 | | |
| 对 | 17 | 23.61 |
| 错 | 31 | 43.06 |
| 不确定 | 22 | 30.56 |
| 疲劳或焦虑会降低疼痛阈值 | | |
| 对 | 23 | 31.94 |
| 错 | 31 | 43.06 |
| 不确定 | 17 | 23.61 |
| 规划纲要内容中有提出加强安宁疗护医疗机构建设 | | |
| 对 | 58 | 80.56 |
| 错 | 1 | 1.39 |
| 不确定 | 12 | 16.67 |
| 最适合提供安宁疗护的是 | | |
| 由医、护、社工、治疗师等组成的多学科专业安宁疗护团队a | 65 | 90.28 |
| 由医、护、社工组成的多学科专业安宁疗护团队 | 4 | 5.56 |
| 由医生、护士组成的多学科专业安宁疗护团队 | 1 | 1.39 |
| 全科医生 | 2 | 2.78 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057509763511208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
内江示范区调查对象对安宁疗护的认知情况
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 问题 | 选择人数 | 构成比 (%) |
|---|
| 您知道安宁疗护概念是 | | |
| 临终关怀a | 59 | 81.94 |
| 舒缓医疗a | 6 | 8.33 |
| 缓和医疗a | 6 | 8.33 |
| 安宁疗护最主要内容是 | | |
| 日常照料a | 17 | 23.61 |
| 症状控制a | 3 | 4.17 |
| 舒适护理a | 10 | 13.89 |
| 社会支持a | 3 | 4.17 |
| 精神心理支持a | 22 | 30.56% |
| 其他 | 17 | 23.61% |
| 您认为安宁病房功能定位 | | |
| 急性症状处理病房a | 5 | 6.94 |
| 康复病房 | 11 | 15.28 |
| 护理病房a | 6 | 8.33 |
| 养护病房a | 48 | 66.67 |
| 安宁疗护服务理念主要是 | | |
| 积极医治 | 5 | 6.94 |
| 不惜一切代价抢救 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 照料关怀为主a | 44 | 61.11 |
| 提高生命质量a | 19 | 26.39 |
| 提供安宁疗护服务需要情感上的超脱(分离) | | |
| 对 | 38 | 52.78 |
| 错 | 12 | 16.67 |
| 不确定 | 20 | 27.78 |
| 安宁疗护团队最首要的任务是症状控制与舒适护理 | | |
| 对 | 63 | 87.50 |
| 错 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 不确定 | 5 | 6.94 |
| 安宁疗护团队最首要的任务是提供患者及家属精神心理和社会问题的管理 | | |
| 对 | 55 | 76.39 |
| 错 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 不确定 | 13 | 18.06 |
| 世界卫生组织癌症疼痛按三级镇痛阶梯疗法的规范用药 | | |
| 对 | 49 | 68.06 |
| 错 | 2 | 2.78 |
| 不确定 | 20 | 27.78 |
| 安宁疗护团队在患者死后为家属提供居丧护理 | | |
| 对 | 46 | 63.89 |
| 错 | 5 | 6.94 |
| 不确定 | 20 | 27.78 |
| 居家安宁疗护符合我国的民俗习惯 | | |
| 对 | 38 | 52.78 |
| 错 | 3 | 4.17 |
| 不确定 | 30 | 41.67 |
| 吗啡适合于治疗严重呼吸困难 | | |
| 对 | 17 | 23.61 |
| 错 | 31 | 43.06 |
| 不确定 | 22 | 30.56 |
| 疲劳或焦虑会降低疼痛阈值 | | |
| 对 | 23 | 31.94 |
| 错 | 31 | 43.06 |
| 不确定 | 17 | 23.61 |
| 规划纲要内容中有提出加强安宁疗护医疗机构建设 | | |
| 对 | 58 | 80.56 |
| 错 | 1 | 1.39 |
| 不确定 | 12 | 16.67 |
| 最适合提供安宁疗护的是 | | |
| 由医、护、社工、治疗师等组成的多学科专业安宁疗护团队a | 65 | 90.28 |
| 由医、护、社工组成的多学科专业安宁疗护团队 | 4 | 5.56 |
| 由医生、护士组成的多学科专业安宁疗护团队 | 1 | 1.39 |
| 全科医生 | 2 | 2.78 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057509893534641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
The cognition of humanistic care in palliative care by medical staff in primary medical institutions of Neijiang Demonstration Zone [n(%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 调查问题 | 不同意 | 不确定 | 同意 |
|---|
| 1.面对疾病晚期情况不断恶化的病人,您认为: | | | |
| (1)照顾晚期患者我会感到不舒服 | 41(56.94) | 20(27.78) | 10(13.89) |
| (2)晚期患者没有治愈的希望 | 29(40.28) | 21(29.17) | 22(30.56) |
| (3)我无法轻易面对临终过程和痛苦 | 26(36.11) | 24(33.33) | 21(29.17) |
| (4)面对晚期患者我感到懦弱/无助 | 31(43.06) | 15(20.83) | 26(36.11) |
| (5)当病人死亡时我感到愧疚/遗憾 | 10(13.89) | 25(34.72) | 36(50.00) |
| 2.对于安宁疗护提升患者生命质量的益处,您认为: | | | |
| (1)能提高生命质量保持患者尊严 | 12(16.67) | 4(5.56) | 55(76.39) |
| (2)能够使患者平静、安详地死去 | 11(15.28) | 9(12.50) | 51(70.83) |
| (3)得到医护团队的照料与协助 | 10(13.89) | 10(13.89) | 51(70.83) |
| (4)可提供情感支持 | 11(15.28) | 7(9.72) | 53(73.61) |
| (5)能够得到患者家人的支持 | 10(13.89) | 10(13.89) | 50(69.44) |
| 3.帮助患者及家属做好死亡准备方面的益处,您认为: | | | |
| (1)尊重患者的宗教信仰和埋葬仪式 | 8(11.11) | 8(11.11) | 56(77.78) |
| (2)帮助患者在家里离世 | 9(12.50) | 27(37.50) | 35(48.61) |
| (3)与晚期患者更好地沟通 | 4(5.56) | 12(16.67) | 55(76.39) |
| (4)帮助医护人员更好照顾病人 | 4(5.56) | 8(11.11) | 59(81.94) |
| (5)帮助患者及家属避免安乐死想法 | 6(8.33) | 28(38.89) | 37(51.39) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057510036140985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
内江示范区调查对象对安宁疗护人文关怀的态度[n(%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 调查问题 | 不同意 | 不确定 | 同意 |
|---|
| 1.面对疾病晚期情况不断恶化的病人,您认为: | | | |
| (1)照顾晚期患者我会感到不舒服 | 41(56.94) | 20(27.78) | 10(13.89) |
| (2)晚期患者没有治愈的希望 | 29(40.28) | 21(29.17) | 22(30.56) |
| (3)我无法轻易面对临终过程和痛苦 | 26(36.11) | 24(33.33) | 21(29.17) |
| (4)面对晚期患者我感到懦弱/无助 | 31(43.06) | 15(20.83) | 26(36.11) |
| (5)当病人死亡时我感到愧疚/遗憾 | 10(13.89) | 25(34.72) | 36(50.00) |
| 2.对于安宁疗护提升患者生命质量的益处,您认为: | | | |
| (1)能提高生命质量保持患者尊严 | 12(16.67) | 4(5.56) | 55(76.39) |
| (2)能够使患者平静、安详地死去 | 11(15.28) | 9(12.50) | 51(70.83) |
| (3)得到医护团队的照料与协助 | 10(13.89) | 10(13.89) | 51(70.83) |
| (4)可提供情感支持 | 11(15.28) | 7(9.72) | 53(73.61) |
| (5)能够得到患者家人的支持 | 10(13.89) | 10(13.89) | 50(69.44) |
| 3.帮助患者及家属做好死亡准备方面的益处,您认为: | | | |
| (1)尊重患者的宗教信仰和埋葬仪式 | 8(11.11) | 8(11.11) | 56(77.78) |
| (2)帮助患者在家里离世 | 9(12.50) | 27(37.50) | 35(48.61) |
| (3)与晚期患者更好地沟通 | 4(5.56) | 12(16.67) | 55(76.39) |
| (4)帮助医护人员更好照顾病人 | 4(5.56) | 8(11.11) | 59(81.94) |
| (5)帮助患者及家属避免安乐死想法 | 6(8.33) | 28(38.89) | 37(51.39) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057510178747334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
The cognition of death education in palliative care by medical staff in primary medical institutions of Neijiang Demonstration Zone [n(%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 调查问题 | 不做 | 偶尔做 | 常做 |
|---|
| 对病情危重无法逆转的患者,您会主动和患者及家属谈及与死亡相关的话题 | 22(30.56) | 28(38.89) | 22(30.56) |
| 主动对末期患者及家属推荐临终照护的医疗机构 | 24(33.33) | 29(40.28) | 19(26.39) |
| 跟患者家属主动谈及“要尊重患者本人的意愿” | 12(16.67) | 18(25.00) | 42(56.94) |
| 减轻临终患者的疼痛和不适(疼痛管理) | 12(17.11) | 15(21.05) | 41(56.58) |
| 对患者进行疼痛评估 | 6(7.89) | 15(21.05) | 47(65.79) |
| 降低不必要的治疗费用 | 4(5.26) | 19(26.32) | 43(60.53) |
| 满足临终患者的身心需求 | 4(5.26) | 17(23.68) | 47(65.79) |
| 向患者及家属解释预期的死亡过程 | 4(5.26) | 19(26.32) | 45(61.84) |
| 告诉家属可以做的具体事情来为患者提供有意义的服务 | 3(3.95) | 13(18.42) | 52(72.37) |
| 了解家属的意愿、痛苦,以给予帮助 | 6(8.33) | 12(16.67) | 54(75.00) |
| 在医务人员和家庭成员之间建立良好的关系 | 6(7.89) | 11(15.79) | 51(71.05) |
| 协调医疗、社会、心理、灵性照护的媒介资源 | 5(6.58) | 15(21.05) | 47(65.79) |
| 帮助高危哀伤的家属更好地度过哀伤历程 | 5(6.58) | 17(23.68) | 46(64.47) |
| 指导家属遗体料理及居丧准备 | 5(6.58) | 20(27.63) | 43(60.53) |
), ArticleFig(id=1241057510342325198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036252716257404, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
内江示范区调查对象对安宁疗护的死亡教育实践 [n(%)]
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 调查问题 | 不做 | 偶尔做 | 常做 |
|---|
| 对病情危重无法逆转的患者,您会主动和患者及家属谈及与死亡相关的话题 | 22(30.56) | 28(38.89) | 22(30.56) |
| 主动对末期患者及家属推荐临终照护的医疗机构 | 24(33.33) | 29(40.28) | 19(26.39) |
| 跟患者家属主动谈及“要尊重患者本人的意愿” | 12(16.67) | 18(25.00) | 42(56.94) |
| 减轻临终患者的疼痛和不适(疼痛管理) | 12(17.11) | 15(21.05) | 41(56.58) |
| 对患者进行疼痛评估 | 6(7.89) | 15(21.05) | 47(65.79) |
| 降低不必要的治疗费用 | 4(5.26) | 19(26.32) | 43(60.53) |
| 满足临终患者的身心需求 | 4(5.26) | 17(23.68) | 47(65.79) |
| 向患者及家属解释预期的死亡过程 | 4(5.26) | 19(26.32) | 45(61.84) |
| 告诉家属可以做的具体事情来为患者提供有意义的服务 | 3(3.95) | 13(18.42) | 52(72.37) |
| 了解家属的意愿、痛苦,以给予帮助 | 6(8.33) | 12(16.67) | 54(75.00) |
| 在医务人员和家庭成员之间建立良好的关系 | 6(7.89) | 11(15.79) | 51(71.05) |
| 协调医疗、社会、心理、灵性照护的媒介资源 | 5(6.58) | 15(21.05) | 47(65.79) |
| 帮助高危哀伤的家属更好地度过哀伤历程 | 5(6.58) | 17(23.68) | 46(64.47) |
| 指导家属遗体料理及居丧准备 | 5(6.58) | 20(27.63) | 43(60.53) |
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