Article(id=1241036249293705278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503047, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740931200000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-03, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815699170, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1756051200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815699170, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815699170, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815699170, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241036242561855785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='16', pageStart='2881', pageEnd='3072', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815697565, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773840190562, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241138973712634305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241036242561855785, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2945, endPage=2951, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241036249968988228, articleId=1241036249293705278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Relationship between the Life’s Crucial 9 and the incidence and prognosis of stress urinary incontinence in women, columnId=1228016568949474136, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Child and Adolescent health, Maternal and Child Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To assess the relationship between the Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Methods

Data based on 4 550 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2007 to 2018 were analyzed. Subjects were categorized into T1, T2, and T3 groups based on LC9 tertiles. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between LC9 and SUI with parallel trend analysis. Stratified Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between LC9 and SUI in different groups. Restricted cubic spline was used to explore the quantitative relationship between LC9 and SUI.

Results

All three models showed a negative correlation between LC9 and SUI incidence (all P<0.001). After adjusting for various covariates, each 10-point increase in LC9 was associated with a 16% reduction in SUI incidence (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.79-0.88). T3 was associated with a 40% reduction in SUI incidence compared with T1 (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.50-0.72). The results of restricted cubic spline curve (RCS) analysis further showed a significant linear negative association between LC9 and SUI incidence after adjustment for relevant variables (overall P<0.001; nonlinear P=0.261). There was a significant interaction between LC9 score and history of vaginal delivery (P<0.05). Higher LC9 scores in patients with SUI (n=2 047) were significantly associated with mortality from cardiovascular events in SUI (HR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.01-0.79).

Conclusion

LC9 is negatively associated with morbidity and mortality from SUI, and good quality of life management may be a potential strategy to reduce SUI incidence and mortality.

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目的

评估生命九要素(Life’s Crucial 9,LC9)与压力性尿失禁(Stress Urinary Incontinence,SUI)之间的关系。

方法

基于2007年至2018年美国国家卫生和营养检查调查(NHANES)数据库中的4 550名参与者的数据进行分析。根据LC9的三分位数将受试者分为T1组、T2组、T3组。采用logistic回归分析探讨LC9与SUI的关系,并行趋势分析。采用分层logistic回归分析不同组中LC9与SUI的相关性。采用限制性立方样条来探索LC9和SUI之间的的量效关系。

结果

三种模型显示LC9与SUI发病率之间均呈负相关(均P<0.001)。在对各种协变量进行调整后,LC9每增加10分,SUI发病率就会降低16%(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.79~0.88)。T3与T1相比,SUI发病率降低了40%(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.50~0.72)。限制性立方样条曲线(RCS)分析的结果进一步表明,在对相关变量进行调整后,LC9与SUI发病率之间存在显著的线性负相关(总体P<0.001;非线性P=0.261)。LC9评分与阴道分娩史之间存在显著交互作用(P<0.05)。SUI患者(n=2 047)的较高LC9评分与SUI心血管事件死亡率显著相关(HR=0.10,95%CI:0.01~0.79)。

结论

LC9与SUI的发病率和死亡率负相关,良好的生命质量管理可能是减少SUI发生和死亡的潜在策略。

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高瞻,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=BldWvzTbRKPMESgvnfUsZQ==, magXml=jbmdyYr21m9qxrY1aVRcTg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=Wxn6SDaEQrW1IgU2eit0Eg==, pdfFileSize=1092766, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=qpkMeZ8XAfEqKAXZCY4Bkg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=c/LpWZ5x6FSlUUcj+7XnKQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

刘萍(1979—),女,本科,主管护师,研究方向:成年女性尿失禁护理

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BJU International, 2017, 121(4): 527-533., articleTitle=Oxidative stress and its possible relation to lower urinary tract functional pathology, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241057510560429022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, awardId=Z221100007422080, language=CN, fundingSource=北京市科学技术委员会、中关村科技园区管理委员会首都临床特色诊疗技术研究及转化应用项目(Z221100007422080), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241057510682063845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, awardId=XYZX0301-09, language=CN, fundingSource=中国中医科学院西苑医院具有知识产权的医疗机构制剂和中药新药的研发与转化专项(XYZX0301-09), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241057506080911972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057506085106277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, companyId=1241057506080911972, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241057506089300583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, companyId=1241057506080911972, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国中医科学院西苑医院,北京 100091)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241057508400362297, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Screening flowchart, figureFileSmall=ldU8FkkKLUuCh+GLCRhc4A==, figureFileBig=tRtAySK/rhMJlOQnWjLzSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057508517802817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=CN, label=图1, caption=筛选流程图, figureFileSmall=ldU8FkkKLUuCh+GLCRhc4A==, figureFileBig=tRtAySK/rhMJlOQnWjLzSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057508639437644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Dose-response relationship between LC9 and SUI, figureFileSmall=/0AsSSklvMhoESSmbN+pBA==, figureFileBig=tYbW4LgEnrYPzDcGXn0jgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057508744295253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=CN, label=图2, caption=LC9 与 SUI之间的剂量-反应关系, figureFileSmall=/0AsSSklvMhoESSmbN+pBA==, figureFileBig=tYbW4LgEnrYPzDcGXn0jgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057508937233249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Stratified logistic regression analysis, figureFileSmall=GaGg0RdHxtJrsDEm3kM4mg==, figureFileBig=eZm1sxG4u+AzvDr/nByW8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057509209863028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=CN, label=图3, caption=分层logistic回归分析, figureFileSmall=GaGg0RdHxtJrsDEm3kM4mg==, figureFileBig=eZm1sxG4u+AzvDr/nByW8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057509356663679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Kaplan-Meier survival curves for SUI patients stratified by different LC9 scores, figureFileSmall=eiGEloGQSLlqwxWnTROwLg==, figureFileBig=SyxGbaW+sG1ID892r6neSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057509486687117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同LC9评分分层的SUI患者的Kaplan-Meier生存曲线

注:A:不同LC9评分分层的SUI患者全因死亡率的Kaplan-Meier生存曲线;B:不同LC9评分分层的SUI患者心血管事件死亡率的Kanlan-Meirer生存曲线。

, figureFileSmall=eiGEloGQSLlqwxWnTROwLg==, figureFileBig=SyxGbaW+sG1ID892r6neSA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241057509620904858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Basic characteristics of survey respondents

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总人群
n=4 550)
非压力性尿失禁组(n=2 502)压力性尿失禁组
n=2 048)
t/χ2P
年龄(岁,50.53±15.1948.86±15.8452.56±14.117.591<0.001
种族[n(%)]106.957<0.001
非西班牙裔白人1 806(39.69)865(34.57)941(45.95)
非西班牙裔黑人1 076(23.65)726(29.02)350(17.09)
墨西哥裔美国人713(15.67)374(14.95)339(16.55)
其他西班牙裔535(11.76)299(11.95)236(11.52)
其他420(9.23)238(9.51)182(8.89)
教育程度[n(%)]4.6210.099
高中以下380(8.35)189(7.55)191(9.33)
高中或高中同等学力1 599(35.14)887(35.45)712(34.77)
高中以上2 571(56.51)1 426(56.99)1 145(55.91)
婚姻状况[n(%)]29.242<0.001
已婚或与伴侣同住2 632(57.85)1 414(56.51)1 218(59.47)
丧偶、离婚、分居1 399(30.75)745(29.78)654(31.93)
未结婚519(11.41)343(13.71)176(8.59)
贫困收入比[n(%)]6.0800.108
≤1.3%1 472(32.35)832(33.25)640(31.25)
>1.3%~3.5%1 530(33.63)837(33.45)693(33.84)
>3.5%1 193(26.22)626(25.02)567(27.69)
未知355(7.80)207(8.27)148(7.23)
吸烟史[n(%)]1 813(39.85)947(37.85)866(42.29)9.0590.003
糖尿病[n(%)]636(13.98)286(11.43)350(17.09)29.525<0.001
高血压[n(%)]1 759(38.66)875(34.97)884(43.16)31.526<0.001
阴道分娩史[n(%)]3 114(68.44)1 582(63.23)1 532(74.80)69.323<0.001
剖宫产史[n(%)]1 890(41.54)1 082(43.25)808(39.45)6.5140.010
产次[n(%)]43.767<0.001
0473(10.40)327(13.07)146(7.13)
1~21 848(40.62)995(39.77)853(41.65)
3~51 975(43.41)1 039(41.53)936(45.70)
>5254(5.58)141(5.64)113(5.52)
新生儿体重[n(%)]43.908<0.001
473(10.40)327(13.07)146(7.13)
≥4 000 g810(17.80)418(16.71)392(19.14)
<4 000 g3 267(71.80)1 757(70.22)1 510(73.73)
初次生育年龄[n(%)]42.888<0.001
473(10.40)327(13.07)146(7.13)
14~19岁1 382(30.37)735(29.38)647(31.59)
20~29岁2 283(50.18)1 224(48.92)1 059(51.71)
≥30岁412(9.05)216(8.63)196(9.57)
LC9(分,68.19±14.2669.75±13.7666.27±14.628.259<0.001
HEI-2015饮食评分(分,40.76±31.7840.88±31.9640.61±31.580.2820.840
体力活动评分(分,63.69±44.7364.45±44.6262.76±44.861.2640.225
烟草暴露评分(分,73.14±38.9474.01±38.7772.07±39.141.6730.014
睡眠健康评分(分,80.25±26.5279.97±26.4180.61±26.65-0.8070.190
心理健康评分(分,86.93±22.6889.17±20.9184.20±24.397.390<0.001
体重指数评分(分,54.08±35.2657.75±35.1349.59±34.907.814<0.001
血脂评分(分,65.31±30.3867.84±29.9762.22±30.616.240<0.001
血糖评分(分,81.57±26.5783.71±25.2978.95±27.846.038<0.001
血压评分(分,67.95±32.4070.02±32.1465.43±32.544.763<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1241057509750928293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

调查对象的基本特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总人群
n=4 550)
非压力性尿失禁组(n=2 502)压力性尿失禁组
n=2 048)
t/χ2P
年龄(岁,50.53±15.1948.86±15.8452.56±14.117.591<0.001
种族[n(%)]106.957<0.001
非西班牙裔白人1 806(39.69)865(34.57)941(45.95)
非西班牙裔黑人1 076(23.65)726(29.02)350(17.09)
墨西哥裔美国人713(15.67)374(14.95)339(16.55)
其他西班牙裔535(11.76)299(11.95)236(11.52)
其他420(9.23)238(9.51)182(8.89)
教育程度[n(%)]4.6210.099
高中以下380(8.35)189(7.55)191(9.33)
高中或高中同等学力1 599(35.14)887(35.45)712(34.77)
高中以上2 571(56.51)1 426(56.99)1 145(55.91)
婚姻状况[n(%)]29.242<0.001
已婚或与伴侣同住2 632(57.85)1 414(56.51)1 218(59.47)
丧偶、离婚、分居1 399(30.75)745(29.78)654(31.93)
未结婚519(11.41)343(13.71)176(8.59)
贫困收入比[n(%)]6.0800.108
≤1.3%1 472(32.35)832(33.25)640(31.25)
>1.3%~3.5%1 530(33.63)837(33.45)693(33.84)
>3.5%1 193(26.22)626(25.02)567(27.69)
未知355(7.80)207(8.27)148(7.23)
吸烟史[n(%)]1 813(39.85)947(37.85)866(42.29)9.0590.003
糖尿病[n(%)]636(13.98)286(11.43)350(17.09)29.525<0.001
高血压[n(%)]1 759(38.66)875(34.97)884(43.16)31.526<0.001
阴道分娩史[n(%)]3 114(68.44)1 582(63.23)1 532(74.80)69.323<0.001
剖宫产史[n(%)]1 890(41.54)1 082(43.25)808(39.45)6.5140.010
产次[n(%)]43.767<0.001
0473(10.40)327(13.07)146(7.13)
1~21 848(40.62)995(39.77)853(41.65)
3~51 975(43.41)1 039(41.53)936(45.70)
>5254(5.58)141(5.64)113(5.52)
新生儿体重[n(%)]43.908<0.001
473(10.40)327(13.07)146(7.13)
≥4 000 g810(17.80)418(16.71)392(19.14)
<4 000 g3 267(71.80)1 757(70.22)1 510(73.73)
初次生育年龄[n(%)]42.888<0.001
473(10.40)327(13.07)146(7.13)
14~19岁1 382(30.37)735(29.38)647(31.59)
20~29岁2 283(50.18)1 224(48.92)1 059(51.71)
≥30岁412(9.05)216(8.63)196(9.57)
LC9(分,68.19±14.2669.75±13.7666.27±14.628.259<0.001
HEI-2015饮食评分(分,40.76±31.7840.88±31.9640.61±31.580.2820.840
体力活动评分(分,63.69±44.7364.45±44.6262.76±44.861.2640.225
烟草暴露评分(分,73.14±38.9474.01±38.7772.07±39.141.6730.014
睡眠健康评分(分,80.25±26.5279.97±26.4180.61±26.65-0.8070.190
心理健康评分(分,86.93±22.6889.17±20.9184.20±24.397.390<0.001
体重指数评分(分,54.08±35.2657.75±35.1349.59±34.907.814<0.001
血脂评分(分,65.31±30.3867.84±29.9762.22±30.616.240<0.001
血糖评分(分,81.57±26.5783.71±25.2978.95±27.846.038<0.001
血压评分(分,67.95±32.4070.02±32.1465.43±32.544.763<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1241057509876757421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Relationship between LC9 and SUI in women

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变量模型1模型2模型3
OR(95% CIPOR(95% CIPOR(95% CIP
连续(每10分)0.84(0.79~0.89)<0.0010.82(0.77~0.87)<0.0010.84(0.79~0.88)<0.001
三分位数
T11.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)
T20.64(0.53~0.78)<0.0010.63(0.52~0.80)<0.0010.70(0.59~0.82)<0.001
T30.58(0.47~0.70)<0.0010.55(0.45~0.67)<0.0010.60(0.50~0.72)<0.001
P 趋势值<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1241057510031946681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

LC9与女性SUI的关系

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1模型2模型3
OR(95% CIPOR(95% CIPOR(95% CIP
连续(每10分)0.84(0.79~0.89)<0.0010.82(0.77~0.87)<0.0010.84(0.79~0.88)<0.001
三分位数
T11.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)
T20.64(0.53~0.78)<0.0010.63(0.52~0.80)<0.0010.70(0.59~0.82)<0.001
T30.58(0.47~0.70)<0.0010.55(0.45~0.67)<0.0010.60(0.50~0.72)<0.001
P 趋势值<0.001<0.001<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1241057510174553031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Association of different LC9 score stratification with all-cause mortality and cardiovascular event mortality in SUI

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变量模型1模型2模型3
HR(95% CIPHR(95% CIPHR(95% CIP
全因死亡
T11.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)
T20.60(0.38~0.95)0.0280.65(0.41~1.02) 0.0600.76(0.51~1.14)0.182
T30.21(0.11~0.39)<0.0010.37(0.20~0.68)0.0020.60(0.34~1.05)0.073
P趋势值<0.001<0.0010.056
心血管事件死亡
T11.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)
T20.55(0.22~1.42)0.2230.55(0.21~1.43) 0.2190.71(0.32~1.59)0.401
T30.04(0.01~0.32)0.0020.06(0.01~0.45)0.0060.10(0.01~0.79)0.030
P趋势值<0.001<0.0010.020
), ArticleFig(id=1241057510291993549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241036249293705278, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同LC9评分分层与SUI全因死亡率、心血管事件死亡率的关系

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1模型2模型3
HR(95% CIPHR(95% CIPHR(95% CIP
全因死亡
T11.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)
T20.60(0.38~0.95)0.0280.65(0.41~1.02) 0.0600.76(0.51~1.14)0.182
T30.21(0.11~0.39)<0.0010.37(0.20~0.68)0.0020.60(0.34~1.05)0.073
P趋势值<0.001<0.0010.056
心血管事件死亡
T11.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)1.00(ref.)
T20.55(0.22~1.42)0.2230.55(0.21~1.43) 0.2190.71(0.32~1.59)0.401
T30.04(0.01~0.32)0.0020.06(0.01~0.45)0.0060.10(0.01~0.79)0.030
P趋势值<0.001<0.0010.020
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生命九要素与女性压力性尿失禁发病率和预后之间的关系
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刘萍 , 周艳艳 , 高瞻
现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2025,52(16): 2945-2951
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现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2025, 52(16): 2945-2951
生命九要素与女性压力性尿失禁发病率和预后之间的关系
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刘萍, 周艳艳, 高瞻
作者信息
  • 中国中医科学院西苑医院,北京 100091
  • 刘萍(1979—),女,本科,主管护师,研究方向:成年女性尿失禁护理

通讯作者:

高瞻,E-mail:
Relationship between the Life’s Crucial 9 and the incidence and prognosis of stress urinary incontinence in women
Ping LIU, Yan-yan ZHOU, Zhan GAO
Affiliations
  • Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100091, China
出版时间: 2025-08-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503047
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目的

评估生命九要素(Life’s Crucial 9,LC9)与压力性尿失禁(Stress Urinary Incontinence,SUI)之间的关系。

方法

基于2007年至2018年美国国家卫生和营养检查调查(NHANES)数据库中的4 550名参与者的数据进行分析。根据LC9的三分位数将受试者分为T1组、T2组、T3组。采用logistic回归分析探讨LC9与SUI的关系,并行趋势分析。采用分层logistic回归分析不同组中LC9与SUI的相关性。采用限制性立方样条来探索LC9和SUI之间的的量效关系。

结果

三种模型显示LC9与SUI发病率之间均呈负相关(均P<0.001)。在对各种协变量进行调整后,LC9每增加10分,SUI发病率就会降低16%(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.79~0.88)。T3与T1相比,SUI发病率降低了40%(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.50~0.72)。限制性立方样条曲线(RCS)分析的结果进一步表明,在对相关变量进行调整后,LC9与SUI发病率之间存在显著的线性负相关(总体P<0.001;非线性P=0.261)。LC9评分与阴道分娩史之间存在显著交互作用(P<0.05)。SUI患者(n=2 047)的较高LC9评分与SUI心血管事件死亡率显著相关(HR=0.10,95%CI:0.01~0.79)。

结论

LC9与SUI的发病率和死亡率负相关,良好的生命质量管理可能是减少SUI发生和死亡的潜在策略。

生命九要素  /  压力性尿失禁  /  数据库  /  NHANES
Objective

To assess the relationship between the Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Methods

Data based on 4 550 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2007 to 2018 were analyzed. Subjects were categorized into T1, T2, and T3 groups based on LC9 tertiles. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between LC9 and SUI with parallel trend analysis. Stratified Logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between LC9 and SUI in different groups. Restricted cubic spline was used to explore the quantitative relationship between LC9 and SUI.

Results

All three models showed a negative correlation between LC9 and SUI incidence (all P<0.001). After adjusting for various covariates, each 10-point increase in LC9 was associated with a 16% reduction in SUI incidence (OR=0.84, 95% CI: 0.79-0.88). T3 was associated with a 40% reduction in SUI incidence compared with T1 (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.50-0.72). The results of restricted cubic spline curve (RCS) analysis further showed a significant linear negative association between LC9 and SUI incidence after adjustment for relevant variables (overall P<0.001; nonlinear P=0.261). There was a significant interaction between LC9 score and history of vaginal delivery (P<0.05). Higher LC9 scores in patients with SUI (n=2 047) were significantly associated with mortality from cardiovascular events in SUI (HR=0.10, 95% CI: 0.01-0.79).

Conclusion

LC9 is negatively associated with morbidity and mortality from SUI, and good quality of life management may be a potential strategy to reduce SUI incidence and mortality.

Life’s Crucial 9  /  Stress urinary incontinence  /  Database  /  NHANES
刘萍, 周艳艳, 高瞻. 生命九要素与女性压力性尿失禁发病率和预后之间的关系. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (16) : 2945 -2951 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503047
Ping LIU, Yan-yan ZHOU, Zhan GAO. Relationship between the Life’s Crucial 9 and the incidence and prognosis of stress urinary incontinence in women[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (16) : 2945 -2951 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503047
压力性尿失禁(SUI)是全球女性健康的重大威胁,国际尿控学会(ICS)在2002年明确其诊断标准为咳嗽、喷嚏或大笑等腹压增加时尿道口非自主漏尿[1]。该病有地域差异与动态演变特征,全球29项研究的系统综述显示55-106岁女性发病率为37.1%,亚洲和欧洲高于美洲[2];美国20岁以上女性年发病率46%[3];中国近年发病率快速上升,2016—2020年较前五年增长41%[4],可能与社会老龄化和生活方式转变有关。
SUI带来的健康损害已超越单纯的泌尿系统疾病范畴,除引发社交障碍、性行为障碍及抑郁焦虑等心理问题外[5-6],长期漏尿可导致失禁相关性皮炎[7]和反复泌尿系感染[8],带来沉重的个人、家庭和社会经济负担。2004年美国用于女性尿失禁的支出估计超过2.06亿美元,2013年增加到2.46亿美元[9],2015年美国成人失禁市场规模为72亿美元[10]。我国2020年普查显示仅8.5%患者主动寻求治疗[11],欧洲咨询率仅24~40%,只有不到5%的女性患者接受过手术治疗[12]。这种高发病率、低就诊率的矛盾与患者病耻感及公众认知不足密切相关[13],因此建立有效SUI预防管理体系至关重要。
在探索可干预风险因素方面,美国心脏协会(AHA)提出的健康评估体系具有重要参考价值。从2010年聚焦心血管健康的LS7(Life's Simple 7)评分[14]到2022年反映现代生活方式对健康的影响的LE8(Life's Essential 8)评分,该体系不断拓展其疾病预测维度。研究发现LS7 评分与多种慢性非血管疾病事件风险降低[15],近期研究表明LE8评分每提升10分可使SUI风险降低17%[16]。而《Circulation》提出的LC9通过纳入心理健康维度,在膀胱过度活动症[17]和不孕症[18]等疾病中展现出较优的预测效能。鉴于SUI本身与抑郁[19]及自杀意念[20]显著相关,LC9可能通过整合生理、心理调节机制,为SUI防控提供新视角。
基于上述研究背景,本研究首次系统探讨LC9与SUI发病率及预后的关联。利用NHANES 2007—2018周期数据,重点解析LC9评分与SUI发病的剂量-反应关系,LC9对SUI患者全因及特定原因死亡的预测价值,为建立基于多维健康管理的SUI防控策略提供循证依据。
本研究对象来自2007—2018年NHANES数据库。NHANES研究计划已得到美国国家卫生统计中心研究伦理审查委员会的批准,所有参与者均已签署知情同意书。纳入标准:(1)NHANES数据库2007—2018年纳入的受试者;(2)年龄≥20岁。排除标准:(1)年龄<20岁;(2)妊娠期女性;(3)SUI数据缺失;(4)LC9数据缺失;(6)协变量(种族、糖尿病、高血压、吸烟史、阴道分娩史等)缺失。
LC9包括四个健康行为(健康饮食、身体活动、戒烟和健康睡眠)和五个健康因素(体重管理、胆固醇控制、血糖管理、血压管理和心理健康)[21]。每个指标的分数都在0到100之间。LC9总分是9个指标分数的平均值[17]。使用2015年健康饮食指数(HEI-2015)评估健康饮食[22]。睡眠健康、吸烟状况、身体活动和心理健康来自标准化问卷,而身体质量指数(Body Mass Index,BMI)、血压、血糖和血脂由专业人员从NHANES数据库获得。
主要依据自我报告判断SUI:“在过去的12个月里,你是否因为咳嗽、举重或运动等活动而漏尿或失去对少量尿液的控制?”回答“是”的人被归类为患有SUI,回答“否”的人被归类为未患有SUI。
协变量包括年龄、种族、教育水平、婚姻状况、贫困收入比、吸烟状况、糖尿病病史、高血压病史、阴道分娩史、剖宫产史、产次、新生儿体重、初次生育年龄。调查对象一生中吸烟超过100支,则被视为吸烟者。经医生诊断患有糖尿病或正在使用胰岛素或服用降糖药,被认为有糖尿病病史。经医生诊断患有高血压或正在服用降压药,被认为有高血压病史。产次为阴道分娩次数与剖宫产次数之和。
关联分析的结果被诊断为SUI。生存分析的结果是诊断为SUI的患者的全因死亡率以及心血管事件死亡率。通过NHANES个人标识符与截至2019年12月31日全国死亡指数(NDI)记录的关联来确定参与者的生命状态,识别死者的身份。根据国际疾病分类第10版(ICD-10)确定死因[23]
采用R(4.4.2版)进行统计学分析。所有统计分析均根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)指南,考虑了复杂NHANES设计的样本权重进行。按LC9评分三分位数将参与者分为三组(T1、T2、T3)。样本特征报告为正态分布连续变量用表示,非正态分布连续变量以MP25P75)表示;分类变量用和频数(n)和构成比(%)表示。两组人口统计学数据的差异采用加权Student t检验和卡方检验进行分析。采用多元logistic回归模型估计LC9和SUI之间的关系,以比值比(OR)和相应的95%置信区间(CI)表示。采用限制性立方样条图(restricted cubic spline,RCS)分析验证LC9和SUI之间的剂量反应关系。加权 Cox 比例风险回归用于估计与LC9相关的全因死亡率、心血管事件死亡率的风险比(HRs)和95% CIs。构建了三个统计模型。模型1:未调整协变量。模型2:调整了年龄、种族、教育程度、婚姻状况和贫困收入比。模型3:在模型2基础上调整了吸烟状况、糖尿病病史、高血压病史、阴道分娩史、剖宫产史、产次、新生儿体重、初次生育年龄。此外,通过分层分析研究LC9对SUI的影响。检验水准α=0.05。
共纳入4 550名20岁及以上的成年女性,平均年龄(50.53±15.19)岁,2 048例患SUI。SUI和非SUI组基本特征比较结果(表1)显示:两组的年龄、种族、婚姻状况、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟史、阴道分娩史、剖宫产史、产次、新生儿体重、初次生育年龄、LC9评分、烟草暴露评分、心理健康评分、体重指数评分、血脂评分、血糖评分、血压评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
表2所示,采用了三种不同的模型来评估 LC9 与SUI发病率之间的关系,结果显示 LC9 与 SUI发病率之间均呈负相关(均 P <0.001)。在模型 3 中,LC9每增加10分,SUI发病率就会降低16%(95% CI:0.79~0.88);按三等分进行分类,T3与T1组相比,SUI发病率降低了40%(95% CI:0.50~0.72)。剂量反应关系分析的结果(图2)进一步表明,在模型3中,LC9与SUI发病率之间存在显著的线性负相关(总体P<0.001;非线性P=0.261)。
亚组分析的结果如图3所示。调整其他协变量后,大多数亚组中,LC9评分与SUI呈负相关(P<0.05)。LC9评分与阴道分娩史之间存在显著交互作用(P<0.05)。
共纳入 2 047 名SUI患者,通过加权Cox比例危险回归进一步探讨LC9评分与SUI死亡率之间的相关性。平均随访时间为(77.90 ± 41.92)个月。对LC9通过三分位数分层后,与T1相比,T2、T3与SUI的全因死亡率呈负相关;T3与心血管事件死亡亦呈负相关。在模型3中,LC9评分与SUI全因死亡率未见显著相关,T3与SUI心血管事件死亡率显著相关(表3)。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示了相似的结果(图4)。
本研究利用2007—2018年的NHANES数据,纳入4 550名20岁及以上女性人群深入探讨心血管健康综合评价指标LC9评分与SUI发病及预后的关联。研究结果显示,在模型3中,LC9评分和SUI发病风险呈显著负相关。此外,较高的LC9评分与较低LC9评分相比,SUI发病风险降低40%。
这一结果与既往研究关系密切。Xu等[16]研究发现心血管健康(Cardiovascular Health,CVH)提高与SUI风险降低相关。本研究中LC9评分在整合心理健康因素后,验证了这一关系,更拓展了其对SUI患者死亡风险的预测价值。现有证据表明,SUI与心血管相关危险因素存在关联。在行为因素方面,吸烟可通过增加咳嗽时膀胱内峰值压力直接提升SUI风险[24],孟德尔随机化研究证实吸烟起始与SUI风险存在因果关系[25]。代谢相关因素中,BMI和腰围已被证实为SUI独立预测因子[26],肥胖被临床指南列为SUI重要危险因素[27-28]。Zhu等[29]发现高脂血症与肥胖对SUI风险存在协同放大效应。血糖调控异常同样需要关注,研究显示空腹血糖与糖化血红蛋白与SUI风险增加有关[30],糖化血红蛋白水平与SUI严重程度呈剂量反应关系[31]。在心理健康方面,焦虑抑郁状态与SUI存在双向关联[19],心理弹性因素如自我效能感被证实可显著改善SUI患者生活质量[32]。这提示在SUI防治中需重视心身医学模式的整合。与以往主要关注生理指标的CVH评价体系不同,本研究采用的LC9评分通过纳入心理健康维度,更全面地揭示了心血管代谢-健康行为-心理社会因素对SUI的协同影响,为制定综合防治策略提供理论依据。
CVH与SUI之间病理生理联系涉及多维度生物学机制,其潜在机制可包括:(1)盆底肌慢性缺血:高血压、动脉粥样硬化等心血管代谢异常可通过诱发系统性血管内皮功能障碍,导致盆底肌群慢性缺血。这种病理状态不仅加速肌肉萎缩和神经退行性变[33],更可能通过氧化应激通路影响尿道周围结缔组织代谢。临床数据显示[33],合并心血管危险因素年轻组的女性SUI发生率较无慢性疾病的尿失禁对照组更高,提示早发型血管病变可能加速盆底支持结构退变。(2)性激素代谢调控机制:雌激素通过多重机制发挥心血管-盆底保护作用:一方面雌激素通过调节线粒体动态、增强氧化磷酸化、抗氧化反应和细胞存活能力,改善心脏的能量代谢和功能[34];另一方面雌激素通过调控尿道黏膜层Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比例,维持尿道闭合压和功能[35]。这也解释了绝经后雌激素水平骤降女性SUI高发的原因。(3)力学-生物学耦合机制:肥胖是SUI与心血管疾病的共同危险因素,重度肥胖导致的中心血流动力学变化影响心脏形态和功能[36],并增加腹内压,破坏骨盆和尿道结构,甚至造成神经损伤[37]。此外,脂肪组织分泌的炎症因子和活性氧可损害盆底神经及膀胱和尿道上皮细胞,降低膀胱顺应性[38]。然而,上述推测均是基于观察性研究做出的假设,因果关系及分子机制需进一步验证。
亚组分析显示,LC9评分与SUI在不同人群中存在异质性,在无阴道分娩史的女性中关联更强,可能该人群SUI更多由代谢异常、慢性炎症等全身性因素诱发,而非局部解剖损伤。剖宫产或未生育女性的生活方式及激素环境差异可能共同加剧心血管代谢风险对盆底功能的影响,未来需前瞻性研究来验证。此外,LC9评分对SUI患者预后有一定预测价值,较高LC9评分组心血管事件死亡风险显著降低,表明优化心血管健康可能为SUI患者带来双重获益——既降低心血管死亡风险,又可改善SUI症状,但仍需前瞻性干预研究验证因果关系。
本研究基于全国代表性抽样设计,结论具备较强的外部效度,可为我国SUI防控体系的优化提供依据。首先,研究首次将心血管健康综合评价指标(LC9评分)应用于SUI全病程管理的研究,揭示了该指标在发病风险识别和死亡风险预警中的临床效能,为开发SUI特异性风险评估量表奠定基础;其次,针对LC9评分≤30分的高危人群,推荐进行“生活方式干预-盆底肌训练-心理疏导”干预方案预防SUI的发生和不良预后。尽管研究设计较严谨,但仍存在以下问题:(1)本研究为横断面设计,存在反向因果偏倚可能,需通过前瞻性多中心队列研究验证LC9评分的效应。(2)SUI诊断依赖问卷自报数据,可能存在主观回忆偏倚,未来需结合客观指标复合评估。(3)尽管校正多项混杂变量,但盆底手术史等关键信息缺失可能影响结果准确性,后续研究也可纳入影像学指标以提升模型精度。
综上,本研究证实LC9评分与SUI的发病风险及心血管事件死亡风险呈显著负向剂量反应关系。该发现不仅为SUI风险分层提供了量化工具,还揭示了通过改善心血管代谢状态来保护尿控功能的潜在路径,对SUI的防控具有重要意义。未来可通过多中心前瞻性队列验证LC9评分的时序效应,并深入分析心血管-盆底交互调控中的机制,以推动SUI防治从经验性管理向精准医学模式的转变。
  • 北京市科学技术委员会、中关村科技园区管理委员会首都临床特色诊疗技术研究及转化应用项目(Z221100007422080)
  • 中国中医科学院西苑医院具有知识产权的医疗机构制剂和中药新药的研发与转化专项(XYZX0301-09)
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202503047
  • 接收时间:2025-03-03
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-08-25
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-03
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北京市科学技术委员会、中关村科技园区管理委员会首都临床特色诊疗技术研究及转化应用项目(Z221100007422080)
中国中医科学院西苑医院具有知识产权的医疗机构制剂和中药新药的研发与转化专项(XYZX0301-09)
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    中国中医科学院西苑医院,北京 100091

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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