Article(id=1241035553915851405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241035543589483182, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407426, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1721664000000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815533379, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1735056000000, pubDateStr=2024-12-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815533379, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815533379, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815533379, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241035543589483182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='24', pageStart='4417', pageEnd='4608', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815530917, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815686426, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241036195896029478, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241035543589483182, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241036195896029479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241035543589483182, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=4473, endPage=4479, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241035554452722354, articleId=1241035553915851405, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Chain mediating effect of physical function and nutritional status of between sleep quality and frailty in the rural elderly, columnId=null, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the mediating effect of physical function and nutritional status between sleep quality and frailty in rural elderly people based on Gobbens frailty integration model.

Methods

From July to September 2023, multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to select the elderly aged ≥60 years old in rural areas of Xinjiang, and questionnaire survey and body measurement were used to investigate the study. AMOS 28.0 software was used to establish the structural equation model (SEM) and test the mediating effect.

Results

(1) Frailty scores of the rural elderly were 40.00 (34.00,46.00), sleep quality scores were 7.00 (5.00,9.00), physical function scores were 9.00 (7.00,10.00), nutrition scores were 13.00 (12.00,14.00); (2) The score of sleep quality of the rural elderly was positively correlated with the score of frailty, and negatively correlated with the score of physical function and nutritional status (r=0.405, -0.222, -0.125, P<0.001). The score of physical function was negatively correlated with the score of frailty, and positively correlated with the score of nutritional status (r= -0.220, 0.216, P<0.001). Frailty score was positively correlated with nutritional status score (r= -0.071, P=0.024); (3) Physical function and nutritional status played a mediating role between sleep quality and frailty, accounting for 15.76% of the total effect.

Conclusion

Physical function status and nutritional status play an intermediary role in the sleep quality and frailty of the rural elderly. Through early identification of sleep problems, physical function status and nutritional status can be improved, delaying or even reversing the occurrence of frailty.

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目的

基于Gobbens衰弱整合模式,探究农村老年人身体功能状况、营养状况在睡眠质量与衰弱间的中介效应。

方法

于2023年7—9月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样选取新疆农村地区年龄≥60岁的老年人,采用问卷调查和身体测量的方式进行调查研究。采用AMOS 28.0软件建立结构方程模型(SEM)并进行中介效应检验。

结果

(1)农村老年人衰弱得分为40.00(34.00,46.00),睡眠质量得分为7.00(5.00,9.00),身体功能状况得分为9.00(7.00,10.00),营养状况得分为13.00(12.00,14.00);(2)农村老年人睡眠质量得分与衰弱得分呈正相关,与身体功能状况和营养状况的得分呈负相关(r=0.405、-0.222、-0.125,P<0.001),身体功能状况得分与衰弱得分呈负相关,与营养状况得分呈正相关(r= -0.220、0.216,P<0.001),衰弱得分与营养状况得分呈正相关(r= -0.071,P=0.024);(3)身体功能状况及营养状况在睡眠质量和衰弱之间起中介作用,中介效应占总效应的15.76%。

结论

身体功能状况及营养状况在农村老年人睡眠质量和衰弱间起到中介作用,可通过早期识别睡眠问题,提高身体功能状况和营养状况,延缓甚至逆转衰弱的发生。

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颜萍,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=OhF+jepAl/YTAH/b2CTwFQ==, magXml=lkIpRYavhBPRnzi2WvfUyw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=4e3KwlXzl90BgQT8Z2TzOg==, pdfFileSize=832323, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=NuOJAW5oy+Pk0/MFNeO/dw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=i3DBF5wmdmcLhdqCqOphDQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

于珊(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:老年护理学

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于珊(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:老年护理学

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(In Chinese), articleTitle=Advances in research on the relationship between sarcopenia and sleep disorders, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241069990628085985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, awardId=2022E02119, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项-科技援疆计划(2022E02119), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1241069990749720816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, awardId=XYD2024C06, language=CN, fundingSource=新疆医科大学智慧康养与老年整合照护研究创新团队(XYD2024C06), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241069983149642637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241069983158031248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, companyId=1241069983149642637, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241069983170614160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, companyId=1241069983149642637, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.新疆医科大学护理学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1241069984554734487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241069984563123095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, companyId=1241069984554734487, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.新疆区域人群疾病与健康照护研究中心)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241069989378183282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Structural equation model of physical functioning status and nutritional status between sleep quality and frailty, figureFileSmall=MW46YUf3fUC+ICVV/aPArw==, figureFileBig=ywstNy5dDvY5O45ZUDnfEQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241069989529178236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, language=CN, label=图1, caption=身体功能状况、营养状况在睡眠质量与衰弱间的结构方程模型

注:**P<0.01;e1~e15表示残差,即实际观察值与估计值(拟合)值之间的差异。

, figureFileSmall=MW46YUf3fUC+ICVV/aPArw==, figureFileBig=ywstNy5dDvY5O45ZUDnfEQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241069989642424455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Comparison between general demographic characteristics and scores for each variable(n=1 018)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数(%)PSQI得分Z/HPSPPB得分Z/HP
地区-2.056a0.040-4.872a<0.001
北疆481(47.2)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
南疆537(52.8)7.00(4.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
性别-5.417a<0.001-8.552a<0.001
524(51.5)6.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
494(48.5)8.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,9.00)
年龄(岁)0.428b0.98056.685b<0.001
60~64326(32.0)7.00(4.00,10.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
65~69284(27.9)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
70~74250(24.6)7.00(5.00,9.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
75~7989(8.7)7.00(5.00,9.00)8.00(6.00,9.00)
≥8069(6.8)7.00(5.00,9.50)7.00(6.00,9.00)
文化程度4.085b0.1303.003b0.223
未上过学321(31.5)7.00(5.00,10.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
小学510(50.1)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
初中及以上187(18.4)7.00(5.00,10.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
婚姻状况6.769a0.08022.990a<0.001
未婚3(0.3)5.00(3.00,5.00)8.00(7.00,9.00)
已婚774(76.0)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
离婚11(1.1)5.00(3.00,8.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
丧偶230(22.6)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(6.00,9.00)
家庭月收入(元)-2.397a0.017-4.148a<0.001
<1 000803(78.9)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
≥1 000215(21.1)6.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,11.00)
收入来源4.233b0.23714.305b0.003
产品性收入(农产品销售)116(11.4)7.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
工资性收入(务农收入)412(40.5)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,9.00)
财产性收入(耕地、房产等的出租和增值收益)35(3.4)7.00(5.00,10.00)10.00(8.00,11.00)
转移性收入(救济金、退休金、忧恤金、五保户的供给等)455(44.7)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
是否吸烟-2.321a0.020-5.391a<0.001
121(11.9)6.00(4.50,8.00)10.00(8.00,11.00)
897(88.1)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
是否饮酒-1.230a0.219-4.472a<0.001
56(5.5)5.00(5.00,8.75)10.00(8.00,11.00)
962(94.5)7.00(5.00,10.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
自评健康状况88.516b<0.00167.058b<0.001
非常好33(3.2)6.00(4.00,7.00)9.00(7.50,10.00)
343(33.7)6.00(4.00,8.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
一般308(30.3)7.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
278(27.3)8.00(6.00,11.00)8.00(6.00,9.00)
非常差56(5.5)8.50(7.00,11.00)7.00(6.00,9.00)
视力-6.814a<0.001-5.362a<0.001
]正常474(46.6)6.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
下降544(53.4)8.00(6.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
听力-1.875a0.061-2.407a0.016
正常537(52.8)6.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
下降481(47.2)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,9.00)
地区-12.009a<0.001-10.818a<0.001
北疆481(47.2)14.00(13.00,14.00)44.00(37.00,50.00)
南疆537(52.8)12.00(11.00,13.00)37.00(32.00,43.00)
性别-1.385a0.166-5.272a<0.001
524(51.5)13.00(12.00,14.00)39.00(33.00,46.00)
494(48.5)13.00(12.00,14.00)42.00(36.00,49.00)
年龄(岁)3.875b0.42334.786b<0.001
60~64326(32.0)13.00(12.00,14.00)37.50(32.00,45.00)
65~69284(27.9)13.00(11.00,14.00)41.00(33.00,47.00)
70~74250(24.6)13.00(12.00,14.00)41.00(35.75,48.00)
75~7989(8.7)13.00(12.00,14.00)43.00(37.00,49.50)
≥8069(6.8)13.00(11.00,14.00)44.00(39.00,49.00)
文化程度19.382b<0.00120.985b<0.001
未上过学321(31.5)13.00(12.00,14.00)43.00(39.00,49.00)
小学510(50.1)13.00(11.00,14.00)40.00(33.00,46.00)
初中及以上187(18.4)13.00(12.00,14.00)40.00(34.00,46.00)
婚姻状况9.349a0.02521.952a<0.001
未婚3(0.3)10.00(8.00,10.00)32.00(30.00,56.00)
已婚774(76.0)13.00(12.00,14.00)40.00(33.00,46.00)
离婚11(1.1)10.00(9.00,13.00)38.00(31.00,44.00)
丧偶230(22.6)13.00(12.00,14.00)43.00(37.00,50.00)
家庭月收入(元)-2.554a0.011-2.973a0.003
<1 000803(78.9)13.00(12.00,14.00)41.00(34.00,48.00)
≥1 000215(21.1)13.00(12.00,14.00)38.00(32.00,45.00)
收入来源76.424b<0.001101.564b<0.001
产品性收入(农产品销售)116(11.4)13.00(11.00,13.00)33.00(30.00,40.00)
工资性收入(务农收入)412(40.5)13.00(11.00,14.00)33.00(30.00,40.00)
财产性收入(耕地、房产等的出租和增值收益)35(3.4)13.00(12.00,14.00)44.00(33.00,50.00)
转移性收入(救济金、退休金、忧恤金、五保户的供给等)455(44.7)14.00(12.00,14.00)44.00(37.00,50.00)
是否吸烟-3.148a0.002-0.217a0.828
121(11.9)14.00(12.00,14.00)40.00(33.50,48.00)
897(88.1)13.00(12.00,14.00)41.00(34.00,47.00)
是否饮酒-4.495a<0.001-1.051a0.293
56(5.5)13.00(14.00,14.00)41.00(36.00,48.75)
962(94.5)13.00(12.00,14.00)41.00(34.00,47.00)
自评健康状况67.976b<0.00144.286b<0.001
非常好33(3.2)13.00(12.00,14.00)39.00(32.50,44.50)
343(33.7)14.00(12.00,14.00)38.00(33.00,46.00)
一般308(30.3)13.00(11.00,14.00)40.00(34.00,46.00)
278(27.3)12.50(11.00,13.00)42.00(36.00,49.00)
非常差56(5.5)13.00(11.00,14.00)47.00(41.00,53.00)
视力-1.501a0.133-7.970a<0.001
正常474(46.6)13.00(12.00,14.00)37.00(32.00,45.00)
下降544(53.4)13.00(12.00,14.00)43.00(37.00,49.00)
听力-6.235a<0.001-0.565a0.572
正常537(52.8)13.00(12.00,14.00)39.00(33.00,46.00)
下降481(47.2)13.00(11.00,14.00)42.00(36.00,48.00)
), ArticleFig(id=1241069989810196635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

一般人口学特征与各变量得分的比较(n=1 018)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别例数(%)PSQI得分Z/HPSPPB得分Z/HP
地区-2.056a0.040-4.872a<0.001
北疆481(47.2)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
南疆537(52.8)7.00(4.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
性别-5.417a<0.001-8.552a<0.001
524(51.5)6.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
494(48.5)8.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,9.00)
年龄(岁)0.428b0.98056.685b<0.001
60~64326(32.0)7.00(4.00,10.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
65~69284(27.9)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
70~74250(24.6)7.00(5.00,9.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
75~7989(8.7)7.00(5.00,9.00)8.00(6.00,9.00)
≥8069(6.8)7.00(5.00,9.50)7.00(6.00,9.00)
文化程度4.085b0.1303.003b0.223
未上过学321(31.5)7.00(5.00,10.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
小学510(50.1)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
初中及以上187(18.4)7.00(5.00,10.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
婚姻状况6.769a0.08022.990a<0.001
未婚3(0.3)5.00(3.00,5.00)8.00(7.00,9.00)
已婚774(76.0)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
离婚11(1.1)5.00(3.00,8.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
丧偶230(22.6)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(6.00,9.00)
家庭月收入(元)-2.397a0.017-4.148a<0.001
<1 000803(78.9)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
≥1 000215(21.1)6.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,11.00)
收入来源4.233b0.23714.305b0.003
产品性收入(农产品销售)116(11.4)7.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
工资性收入(务农收入)412(40.5)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,9.00)
财产性收入(耕地、房产等的出租和增值收益)35(3.4)7.00(5.00,10.00)10.00(8.00,11.00)
转移性收入(救济金、退休金、忧恤金、五保户的供给等)455(44.7)7.00(5.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
是否吸烟-2.321a0.020-5.391a<0.001
121(11.9)6.00(4.50,8.00)10.00(8.00,11.00)
897(88.1)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
是否饮酒-1.230a0.219-4.472a<0.001
56(5.5)5.00(5.00,8.75)10.00(8.00,11.00)
962(94.5)7.00(5.00,10.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
自评健康状况88.516b<0.00167.058b<0.001
非常好33(3.2)6.00(4.00,7.00)9.00(7.50,10.00)
343(33.7)6.00(4.00,8.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
一般308(30.3)7.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(7.00,10.00)
278(27.3)8.00(6.00,11.00)8.00(6.00,9.00)
非常差56(5.5)8.50(7.00,11.00)7.00(6.00,9.00)
视力-6.814a<0.001-5.362a<0.001
]正常474(46.6)6.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
下降544(53.4)8.00(6.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,10.00)
听力-1.875a0.061-2.407a0.016
正常537(52.8)6.00(4.00,9.00)9.00(8.00,10.00)
下降481(47.2)7.00(5.00,10.00)8.00(7.00,9.00)
地区-12.009a<0.001-10.818a<0.001
北疆481(47.2)14.00(13.00,14.00)44.00(37.00,50.00)
南疆537(52.8)12.00(11.00,13.00)37.00(32.00,43.00)
性别-1.385a0.166-5.272a<0.001
524(51.5)13.00(12.00,14.00)39.00(33.00,46.00)
494(48.5)13.00(12.00,14.00)42.00(36.00,49.00)
年龄(岁)3.875b0.42334.786b<0.001
60~64326(32.0)13.00(12.00,14.00)37.50(32.00,45.00)
65~69284(27.9)13.00(11.00,14.00)41.00(33.00,47.00)
70~74250(24.6)13.00(12.00,14.00)41.00(35.75,48.00)
75~7989(8.7)13.00(12.00,14.00)43.00(37.00,49.50)
≥8069(6.8)13.00(11.00,14.00)44.00(39.00,49.00)
文化程度19.382b<0.00120.985b<0.001
未上过学321(31.5)13.00(12.00,14.00)43.00(39.00,49.00)
小学510(50.1)13.00(11.00,14.00)40.00(33.00,46.00)
初中及以上187(18.4)13.00(12.00,14.00)40.00(34.00,46.00)
婚姻状况9.349a0.02521.952a<0.001
未婚3(0.3)10.00(8.00,10.00)32.00(30.00,56.00)
已婚774(76.0)13.00(12.00,14.00)40.00(33.00,46.00)
离婚11(1.1)10.00(9.00,13.00)38.00(31.00,44.00)
丧偶230(22.6)13.00(12.00,14.00)43.00(37.00,50.00)
家庭月收入(元)-2.554a0.011-2.973a0.003
<1 000803(78.9)13.00(12.00,14.00)41.00(34.00,48.00)
≥1 000215(21.1)13.00(12.00,14.00)38.00(32.00,45.00)
收入来源76.424b<0.001101.564b<0.001
产品性收入(农产品销售)116(11.4)13.00(11.00,13.00)33.00(30.00,40.00)
工资性收入(务农收入)412(40.5)13.00(11.00,14.00)33.00(30.00,40.00)
财产性收入(耕地、房产等的出租和增值收益)35(3.4)13.00(12.00,14.00)44.00(33.00,50.00)
转移性收入(救济金、退休金、忧恤金、五保户的供给等)455(44.7)14.00(12.00,14.00)44.00(37.00,50.00)
是否吸烟-3.148a0.002-0.217a0.828
121(11.9)14.00(12.00,14.00)40.00(33.50,48.00)
897(88.1)13.00(12.00,14.00)41.00(34.00,47.00)
是否饮酒-4.495a<0.001-1.051a0.293
56(5.5)13.00(14.00,14.00)41.00(36.00,48.75)
962(94.5)13.00(12.00,14.00)41.00(34.00,47.00)
自评健康状况67.976b<0.00144.286b<0.001
非常好33(3.2)13.00(12.00,14.00)39.00(32.50,44.50)
343(33.7)14.00(12.00,14.00)38.00(33.00,46.00)
一般308(30.3)13.00(11.00,14.00)40.00(34.00,46.00)
278(27.3)12.50(11.00,13.00)42.00(36.00,49.00)
非常差56(5.5)13.00(11.00,14.00)47.00(41.00,53.00)
视力-1.501a0.133-7.970a<0.001
正常474(46.6)13.00(12.00,14.00)37.00(32.00,45.00)
下降544(53.4)13.00(12.00,14.00)43.00(37.00,49.00)
听力-6.235a<0.001-0.565a0.572
正常537(52.8)13.00(12.00,14.00)39.00(33.00,46.00)
下降481(47.2)13.00(11.00,14.00)42.00(36.00,48.00)
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Partial correlation analysis results among variables (n=1 018)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量M(P25P75)睡眠质量身体功能状况衰弱营养状况
睡眠质量7.00(5.00,9.00)1.00
身体机能状况9.00(7.00,10.00)-0.22b1.00
衰弱40.00(34.00,46.00)0.41b-0.22b1.00
营养状况13.00(12.00,14.00)-0.13b0.22b-0.07a1.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241069990049271984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各变量间的偏相关性分析结果(n=1 018)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量M(P25P75)睡眠质量身体功能状况衰弱营养状况
睡眠质量7.00(5.00,9.00)1.00
身体机能状况9.00(7.00,10.00)-0.22b1.00
衰弱40.00(34.00,46.00)0.41b-0.22b1.00
营养状况13.00(12.00,14.00)-0.13b0.22b-0.07a1.00
), ArticleFig(id=1241069990271570112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Analysis of mediating effects of body function and nutrition on sleep quality and frailty

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类型路径效应值(95% CI标准误相对效应占比
(%)
总效应0.717(1.638~2.092)1.852100.00
直接效应睡眠质量→衰弱0.604(1.341~1.801)1.56084.24
总间接效应0.113(0.202~0.391)0.29215.76
间接效应睡眠质量→身体功能状况→衰弱0.090(0.159~0.320)0.23312.55
睡眠质量→营养状况→衰弱0.017(0.016~0.089)0.0442.37
睡眠质量→身体功能状况→营养状况→衰弱0.006(0.006~0.033)0.0160.84
), ArticleFig(id=1241069990384816328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241035553915851405, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

身体功能状况、营养状况在睡眠质量与衰弱之间的中介效应分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类型路径效应值(95% CI标准误相对效应占比
(%)
总效应0.717(1.638~2.092)1.852100.00
直接效应睡眠质量→衰弱0.604(1.341~1.801)1.56084.24
总间接效应0.113(0.202~0.391)0.29215.76
间接效应睡眠质量→身体功能状况→衰弱0.090(0.159~0.320)0.23312.55
睡眠质量→营养状况→衰弱0.017(0.016~0.089)0.0442.37
睡眠质量→身体功能状况→营养状况→衰弱0.006(0.006~0.033)0.0160.84
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农村老年人身体功能状况、营养状况在睡眠质量与衰弱之间的链式中介效应
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于珊 1 , 车雅洁 1 , 张楠 1 , 苏比伊努尔·麦麦提 1 , 冯星星 1 , 颜萍 1, 2
现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2024,51(24): 4473-4479
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现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2024, 51(24): 4473-4479
农村老年人身体功能状况、营养状况在睡眠质量与衰弱之间的链式中介效应
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于珊1, 车雅洁1, 张楠1, 苏比伊努尔·麦麦提1, 冯星星1, 颜萍1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.新疆医科大学护理学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 2.新疆区域人群疾病与健康照护研究中心
  • 于珊(1998—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:老年护理学

通讯作者:

颜萍,E-mail:
Chain mediating effect of physical function and nutritional status of between sleep quality and frailty in the rural elderly
Shan YU1, Ya-jie CHE1, Nan ZHANG1, SUBIYINUER·Mai-mai-ti1, Xing-xing FENG1, Ping YAN1, 2
Affiliations
  • School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830000, China
出版时间: 2024-12-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407426
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目的

基于Gobbens衰弱整合模式,探究农村老年人身体功能状况、营养状况在睡眠质量与衰弱间的中介效应。

方法

于2023年7—9月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样选取新疆农村地区年龄≥60岁的老年人,采用问卷调查和身体测量的方式进行调查研究。采用AMOS 28.0软件建立结构方程模型(SEM)并进行中介效应检验。

结果

(1)农村老年人衰弱得分为40.00(34.00,46.00),睡眠质量得分为7.00(5.00,9.00),身体功能状况得分为9.00(7.00,10.00),营养状况得分为13.00(12.00,14.00);(2)农村老年人睡眠质量得分与衰弱得分呈正相关,与身体功能状况和营养状况的得分呈负相关(r=0.405、-0.222、-0.125,P<0.001),身体功能状况得分与衰弱得分呈负相关,与营养状况得分呈正相关(r= -0.220、0.216,P<0.001),衰弱得分与营养状况得分呈正相关(r= -0.071,P=0.024);(3)身体功能状况及营养状况在睡眠质量和衰弱之间起中介作用,中介效应占总效应的15.76%。

结论

身体功能状况及营养状况在农村老年人睡眠质量和衰弱间起到中介作用,可通过早期识别睡眠问题,提高身体功能状况和营养状况,延缓甚至逆转衰弱的发生。

农村老年人  /  身体功能状态  /  营养状况  /  睡眠质量  /  衰弱
Objective

To explore the mediating effect of physical function and nutritional status between sleep quality and frailty in rural elderly people based on Gobbens frailty integration model.

Methods

From July to September 2023, multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to select the elderly aged ≥60 years old in rural areas of Xinjiang, and questionnaire survey and body measurement were used to investigate the study. AMOS 28.0 software was used to establish the structural equation model (SEM) and test the mediating effect.

Results

(1) Frailty scores of the rural elderly were 40.00 (34.00,46.00), sleep quality scores were 7.00 (5.00,9.00), physical function scores were 9.00 (7.00,10.00), nutrition scores were 13.00 (12.00,14.00); (2) The score of sleep quality of the rural elderly was positively correlated with the score of frailty, and negatively correlated with the score of physical function and nutritional status (r=0.405, -0.222, -0.125, P<0.001). The score of physical function was negatively correlated with the score of frailty, and positively correlated with the score of nutritional status (r= -0.220, 0.216, P<0.001). Frailty score was positively correlated with nutritional status score (r= -0.071, P=0.024); (3) Physical function and nutritional status played a mediating role between sleep quality and frailty, accounting for 15.76% of the total effect.

Conclusion

Physical function status and nutritional status play an intermediary role in the sleep quality and frailty of the rural elderly. Through early identification of sleep problems, physical function status and nutritional status can be improved, delaying or even reversing the occurrence of frailty.

Rural elderly  /  Body function  /  Nutritional status  /  Sleep quality  /  Frailty
于珊, 车雅洁, 张楠, 苏比伊努尔·麦麦提, 冯星星, 颜萍. 农村老年人身体功能状况、营养状况在睡眠质量与衰弱之间的链式中介效应. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (24) : 4473 -4479 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407426
Shan YU, Ya-jie CHE, Nan ZHANG, SUBIYINUER·Mai-mai-ti, Xing-xing FENG, Ping YAN. Chain mediating effect of physical function and nutritional status of between sleep quality and frailty in the rural elderly[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (24) : 4473 -4479 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407426
随着我国人口老龄化的持续加剧,农村老龄化问题日益凸显,老年人口数量庞大,呈现出城乡倒置的趋势[1]。数据显示[2],2020年中国农村人口中,60岁及以上老年人比例较城市高出8.3个百分点,65岁及以上老年人较城市高出6.9个百分点。同时,农村老年人普遍文化程度低,收入来源主要源于高强度的务农所得,且身体状况不佳[3]。因此,预防伴随增龄而出现的健康问题对于农村老年人而言至关重要。衰弱作为与增龄相关且最具有临床意义的老年综合征,会致使机体生理储备下降、抗击打能力减退及应激后恢复能力下降[4]。此外,农村老年人的睡眠质量问题易被忽视,其睡眠障碍发生率普遍高于城市老年人,这进一步增加了衰弱的风险,对老年人的身心健康及生活质量产生负向影响[5-6]。再者,衰弱通常伴与营养状况和身体功能状况不佳共存,出现食欲下降、吞咽障碍及身体功能下降的可能性更大。营养状况不良还会引发肌肉萎缩甚至肌肉功能障碍,增加衰弱风险,形成恶性循环[7]
Gobbens衰弱整合模式指出[8],衰弱受到一系列变量(个人因素和疾病)影响,进而呈现不良结局的渐进发生。该模式强调,衰弱具有多维性,还应涵盖心理和社会衰弱;生命历程决定因素(社会人口学因素、社会经济因素、生活方式等)与衰弱程度相关,具有一定的系统性、可逆性和动态性。本研究基于Gobbens衰弱整合模式选取影响衰弱的因素,探讨身体功能状况、营养状况、睡眠质量与衰弱的关系,以期为制定针对性的干预策略提供科学依据。
采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样,选取2023年7—9月新疆农村地区年龄≥60岁的老年人。第一阶段:以新疆地区分层,分别抽取南疆、北疆地区城市各1个;第二阶段:以县为抽样框,从2个城市中随机抽取各1个县城;第三阶段:以乡为抽样框,从2个县城中随机抽取各1个乡;第四阶段:以村为抽样框,从2个乡中随机抽取各3~5个村镇;第五阶段:整群抽取该村镇符合纳排标准的老年人。纳入标准:(1)年龄≥60岁;(2)具有农村户籍且每年居住在该农村≥6个月;(3)阅读、理解及表达能力正常;(4)知情同意并愿意配合研究。排除标准:(1)有严重精神系统疾病;(2)严重失能无法配合调查者。本研究通过新疆医科大学伦理委员会审核标准(审批号:XJYKDXR20220725029),所有研究对象均已签署知情同意书。
根据样本量计算要求,样本量=维度数×(10~20)×[1+(10%~20%)],本研究中包括个变量(身体功能状态3个维度,营养状况1个维度,睡眠质量7个维度,衰弱4个维度),故样本量至少为360例,本研究样本量为1 018例。
由研究者查阅相关文献并征求老年护理专家及统计学专家意见后自行设计。
匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,PSQI):由Buysee等[9]编制,包括睡眠质量、入睡时间及睡眠时间等7个维度,总分为0~21分,≤5分睡眠质量很好,6~10分睡眠质量还行,11~15分睡眠质量一般,≥16分睡眠质量很差,分值越高睡眠问题越严重。本研究量表Cronbach α系数为0.748。
简易躯体能力测试(Short Physical Performance Battery,SPPB):由Guralnik等[10]编制,包括平衡能力测试、4米步行速度及5次起坐实验,总分为0~12分,得分越低身体活动能力越差。
微型营养评定简表(Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short-Form,MNA- SF):由Rubenstein等[11]编制,共6个条目,总分为0~14分,分值越低营养状况越差。本研究量表的Cronbach α系数为0.737。
衰弱综合评估量表(Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument,CFAI):由王坤等[12]在De Witte[13]基础上汉化编制,包括躯体衰弱、心理衰弱、社会衰弱和环境衰弱4个维度,总分为20~97分,≤40分为轻度,41~50分为中度,≥51分为重度,得分越高衰弱程度越严重。本研究量表的Cronbach α系数为0.745。
由国际营养与老龄化协会[14]编制,共5个条目,总分0~5分,≤2分为非衰弱,≥3分为衰弱。本研究量表Cronbach α系数为0.745。
调查前,对调查员进行统一标准培训,确保调查员拥有良好的双语运用能力及应急救护知识。问卷发放前,向受试者说明研究内容及注意事项,知情同意后进行调查,现场核查并回收问卷。数据采取双人录入并由另外两名研究者进行核对。
采用EpiData 3.1软件建立数据库,运用SPSS 26.0和AMOS 28.0进行数据分析。计量资料中符合偏态分布的采用M(P25P75)描述,组间比较采用秩和检验。计数资料以频数和百分比表示,组间比较采用秩和检验。相关性分析采用偏相关分析。共同方法偏差检验采用Harman单因素检验。采用AMOS 28.0分析结构方程,将睡眠质量设为自变量,衰弱作为因变量,身体功能状况和营养状况作为中介变量,采用最大似然比拟合数据,运用Bootstrap检验,重复抽样5 000次,对中介效应进行显著性检验,检验水准α=0.05。
本次符合纳排标准的老年人共计1 179人,发放问卷1 075份,回收有效问卷1 018份,问卷有效回收率为94.7%,问卷应答率为91.2%。一般人口学特征与各变量得分的比较,见表1
应用Harman单因素检验方法,共4个因子的特征根值>1,最大因子解释的变异量为25.822%(<40%),本研究并未存在明显的共同方法偏差,可进一步数据分析。
控制混杂因素(年龄和文化程度)后,睡眠质量得分与衰弱得分呈正相关,与身体功能状况和营养状况的得分呈负相关(r=0.405、-0.222、-0.125,P<0.001),身体功能状况得分与衰弱得分呈负相关,与营养状况得分呈正相关(r= -0.220、0.216,P<0.001),衰弱得分与营养状况得分呈正相关(r= -0.071,P=0.024)。见表2
以睡眠质量为自变量,衰弱为因变量,以身体功能状况和营养状况为中介变量,构建结构方程模型并进行模型拟合度检验,运用极大似然法拟合数据,得到初始模型。对初始模型进行修正,修正后模型各项拟合指标符合适配标准,模型各项拟合指数良好(χ2/df=4.569<5、RMSEA=0.059<0.08、GFI=0.960>0.8、AGFI=0.937>0.8、IFI=0.913>0.8、CFI=0.912>0.8、NFI=0.891>0.8),最终输出标准化路径图,各路径系数均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表3。采用偏差校正Bootstrap法重复取样5 000次,结果显示,睡眠质量对衰弱的直接效应为0.604(1.341~1.801),间接效应为0.113(0.202~0.391),总效应值为0.717(1.638~2.092),中介效应占总效应的15.76%。
结果显示,CFAI得分为41.00(34.00,47.00),其中非衰弱者764例(75%),衰弱者254例(25.0%)。这一结果高于田鹏等[15]对中国老年衰弱患病率(12.8%)的研究结果,其原因可能在于农村地区养老资源不足、经济水平较低等因素,使得老年人医疗服务受限。PQSI得分为7.00(5.00,9.00),有179例(17.6%)农村老年人睡眠质量一般或很差,高于张梦洁等[16]对中国社区老年人睡眠质量一般或很差(10.41%)的研究结果,提示农村老年人整体睡眠质量较差,普遍面临入睡困难和白天疲劳的问题。同时,农村老年人文化程度较低、经济条件欠佳、收入来源多为单一的高强度农业劳动,并且长期从事农业劳动还会因季节性和不确定性等原因,影响身心健康,增加睡眠障碍和衰弱的发生风险。
结果显示,睡眠质量对农村老年人衰弱有直接影响作用,睡眠质量越差,老年人衰弱程度就越严重,这与既往研究结果相似[17]。有研究显示[18],睡眠障碍会使机体血清中的炎症因子(如C-反应蛋白、白细胞介素-6等)水平升高,进而导致蛋白质合成障碍,影响骨骼肌含量和肌肉质量,致使老年人出现步速减慢、疲乏等衰弱的临床表现。此外,长期睡眠质量较差的老年人更易出现焦虑和抑郁等负面情绪,对其社会行为及心理健康产生影响,导致社交活动减少、孤独感增加及生活质量降低,进而促进衰弱的发生发展[19]
结果显示,身体功能状况和营养状况在睡眠质量和衰弱间存在链式中介效应,睡眠质量越差的农村老年人,其身体功能状况或营养状况也越差,这与Denison等[20]结果相似。有研究表明[21],睡眠质量下降会致使机体胰岛素样生长因子-1和睾酮等激素下调,引发胰岛素抵抗,使得机体肌肉质量下降。同时,由于肌肉是葡萄糖的主要作用和储存的场所,肌肉质量减少以抵抗胰岛素,会加剧骨骼肌减少,导致身体功能状况下降,增加衰弱的发生风险。睡眠障碍还会影响营养物质的代谢,致使蛋白质合成降低、分解增强,增加营养不良的患病风险。此外,营养不良通常伴随维生素D缺乏,而维生素D参与机体神经环路调节、脑部神经营养因子调节等作用,在调节睡眠方面起到关键作用[22]。两者相互影响,会导致神经调节紊乱、营养失衡、肌肉萎缩等问题,进而促进衰弱的发生发展。睡眠障碍还可导致机体热量或必需营养成分摄入不足,加速衰弱的发生,并增加跌倒等其他老年综合征的发生风险。
综上,目前衰弱的筛查中,睡眠质量的评估易被忽视,建议未来医务人员应在衰弱筛查中加入睡眠质量的评估,以便早期识别并及时干预,提高老年人的睡眠质量,促进身体功能的提升和营养状况的改善,从而延缓衰弱发生。本研究存在一定的不足之处:由于样本的特定性及研究工具的局限性等原因,无法深入分析探讨Gobbens衰弱整合模式中各变量间的相互作用;本研究为横断面研究,未来应进一步开展多中心、大样本的纵向队列,进行分析探讨并挖掘因果联系,以期为制定针对性的干预策略提供更加科学的依据。
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项-科技援疆计划(2022E02119)
  • 新疆医科大学智慧康养与老年整合照护研究创新团队(XYD2024C06)
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2024年第51卷第24期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202407426
  • 接收时间:2024-07-23
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-12-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-23
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新疆维吾尔自治区区域协同创新专项-科技援疆计划(2022E02119)
新疆医科大学智慧康养与老年整合照护研究创新团队(XYD2024C06)
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    1.新疆医科大学护理学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000
    2.新疆区域人群疾病与健康照护研究中心

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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