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Article(id=1241034450398663176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241034441380917539, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502227, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1739376000000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773815270279, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1749484800000, pubDateStr=2025-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773815270279, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773815270279, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815270279, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241034441380917539, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='11', pageStart='1921', pageEnd='2112', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773815268130, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815340947, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241034746873049765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241034441380917539, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241034746873049766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241034441380917539, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2027, endPage=2033, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241034450771956264, articleId=1241034450398663176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Analysis of the composition and trends of inpatients with malignant tumors in Chengdu’s municipal and county hospitals from 2016 to 2020, columnId=1228016572892119056, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Primary Health Services, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the composition, mortality, and corresponding trends of hospitalized patients with malignant tumors in Chengdu from 2016 to 2020, providing an effective reference for cancer prevention and control in Chengdu and its districts and counties.

Methods

Based on relevant information from the first hospitalization records of malignant tumor patients in 87 municipal and county-level hospitals in Chengdu from 2016 to 2020, this study analyzed the composition of hospitalized malignant tumor patients, the incidence by age group, mortality, and their trends across different regions of Chengdu.

Results

From 2016 to 2020, the total number of first-time hospitalized malignant tumor patients in Chengdu’s 87 hospitals was 287 901 (165 359 males and 122 542 females). The top five malignant tumor cases were lung cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, and colon cancer. Over the five years, the total number of hospitalized malignant tumor patients in the city showed an increasing trend, rising from 46 377 cases in 2016 to 65 488 cases in 2020, with a fixed-base growth rate of 41.2%.In 2020, compared to 2016, the number of hospitalized malignant tumor patients decreased in Xinjin District, Shuangliu District, Pengzhou city, and Dayi County, with decrease rates of 44.7%, 10.3%, 6.0%, and 1.9%, respectively; while in other districts and counties, the number of hospitalized malignant tumor patients increased, with the fastest growth observed in Pidu District, Wuhou District, Jinjiang District, Wenjiang District, and Jintang County, with fixed-base growth rates of 143.0%,119.6%, 111.0%, 56.3%, and 53.4%, respectively. The number of deaths among hospitalized malignant tumor patients was 21 381 (13 808 males and 7 573 females), with the mortality from various malignant tumors increasing annually, from 3 742 cases in 2016 to 4 504 cases in 2020, resulting in a fixed-base growth rate of 20.4%. The top five malignant tumors by mortality were lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, esophageal cancer, and gastric cancer.

Conclusion

The burden of malignant tumors in Chengdu is increasing, with slight variations in the composition and mortality of malignant tumors across different districts and counties, indicating the need for localized cancer prevention and control policies.

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目的

分析2016—2020年成都市恶性肿瘤住院患者的疾病构成、死亡情况及相应的变化趋势,为成都市及各区县癌症防控提供有效参考依据。

方法

基于成都市市县级87家医院2016—2020年恶性肿瘤首次住院患者病案首页中相关信息，分析成都市及各区域恶性肿瘤住院患者构成情况、各年龄阶段发病情况、死亡情况及其变化趋势。

结果

2016—2020年成都市87家医院恶性肿瘤首次住院患者总例数为287 901例（男性165 359例，女性122 542例）。住院病例数排名前五位的恶性肿瘤是肺癌、直肠癌、肝癌、食管癌、结肠癌。五年间，全市恶性肿瘤住院患者例数总体呈增长趋势，从2016年46 377例增长至2020年65 488例，定基增长率为41.2%。2020年较2016年，新津区、双流区、彭州市和大邑县恶性肿瘤住院患者例数呈下降趋势，下降率分别为44.7%、10.3%、6.0%、1.9%；其他区县恶性肿瘤住院患者例数均呈上升趋势，增加速度最快的前五位是郫都区、武侯区、锦江区、温江区、金堂县，定基增长率分别为143.0%、119.6%、111.0%、56.3%、53.4%。恶性肿瘤住院死亡病例数为21 381例（男性13 808例，女性7 573例），各类恶性肿瘤住院病例死亡人数逐年增加，由2016年3 742例增长至2020年4 504例，定基增长率为20.4%。死亡例数前五位的恶性肿瘤为肺癌、肝癌、结肠癌、食管癌、胃癌。

结论

成都市的恶性肿瘤疾病负担日益加重，不同区县的恶性肿瘤构成、死亡情况略有差异，应因地制宜地制定本辖区的肿瘤防治政策。

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刘太国，E-mail:
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曾晓梅（1986—），女，硕士，主治医师，研究方向：消化道肿瘤及肿瘤综合治疗

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曾晓梅（1986—），女，硕士，主治医师，研究方向：消化道肿瘤及肿瘤综合治疗

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曾晓梅（1986—），女，硕士，主治医师，研究方向：消化道肿瘤及肿瘤综合治疗

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Number of first-time hospitalized malignant tumor patients in medical institutions by district and county from 2016 to 2020

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医疗机构所在区县总例数2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年
温江区32 5745 0566 1206 4027 0957 901
武侯区27 9423 5334 0745 8076 7697 759
锦江区27 6313 5933 9405 9156 6007 583
彭州市24 3384 8855 1935 1994 4684 593
高新区21 8173 8924 3494 4734 6424 461
简阳市19 0503 2963 8594 3784 0993 418
金牛区15 6582 6052 4583 3483 5713 676
都江堰15 5262 4973 3144 1472 8182 750
金堂县14 7092 4062 6032 7883 2203 692
崇州市11 4151 7672 1803 2161 9752 277
郫都区10 6481 1481 8442 3712 4952 790
龙泉驿区10 6001 8252 0502 2082 3072 210
青羊区10 5841 9132 0432 1282 0982 402
双流区9 2391 8071 9352 2991 5781 620
新都区8 6811 2021 4261 7251 9742 354
邛崃市8 2731 1391 6381 9271 7381 831
蒲江县5 1426437859311 3041 479
大邑县4 9199729929321 069954
成华区4 668889993995872919
新津县4 0301 272569747739703
青白江区4573781100123116
), ArticleFig(id=1241050834637746946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2016—2020年各区县医疗机构恶性肿瘤首次住院患者例数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医疗机构所在区县总例数2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年
温江区32 5745 0566 1206 4027 0957 901
武侯区27 9423 5334 0745 8076 7697 759
锦江区27 6313 5933 9405 9156 6007 583
彭州市24 3384 8855 1935 1994 4684 593
高新区21 8173 8924 3494 4734 6424 461
简阳市19 0503 2963 8594 3784 0993 418
金牛区15 6582 6052 4583 3483 5713 676
都江堰15 5262 4973 3144 1472 8182 750
金堂县14 7092 4062 6032 7883 2203 692
崇州市11 4151 7672 1803 2161 9752 277
郫都区10 6481 1481 8442 3712 4952 790
龙泉驿区10 6001 8252 0502 2082 3072 210
青羊区10 5841 9132 0432 1282 0982 402
双流区9 2391 8071 9352 2991 5781 620
新都区8 6811 2021 4261 7251 9742 354
邛崃市8 2731 1391 6381 9271 7381 831
蒲江县5 1426437859311 3041 479
大邑县4 9199729929321 069954
成华区4 668889993995872919
新津县4 0301 272569747739703
青白江区4573781100123116
), ArticleFig(id=1241050835367555856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The age composition of hospitalized malignant tumor patients in Chengdu ［n（%）］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄（岁）合计2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年
<181 068(0.4)175(0.4)202(0.4)233(0.4)249(0.4)209(0.3)
18～4019 477(6.8)3 199(6.9)3 590(6.8)4 208(6.7)4 077(6.6)4 403(6.7)
41～65140 954(49.0)22 700(48.9)25 919(49.5)31 317(50.5)29 297(47.6)31 721(48.5)
66～7576 997(26.7)12 062(26.0)13 694(26.1)15 811(25.5)17 200(27.9)18 230(27.8)
>7549 405(17.1)8 241(17.8)9 041(17.2)10 467(16.9)10 731(17.5)10 925(16.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1241050835925398298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

成都市恶性肿瘤住院患者年龄构成情况［n（%）］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年龄（岁）合计2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年
<181 068(0.4)175(0.4)202(0.4)233(0.4)249(0.4)209(0.3)
18～4019 477(6.8)3 199(6.9)3 590(6.8)4 208(6.7)4 077(6.6)4 403(6.7)
41～65140 954(49.0)22 700(48.9)25 919(49.5)31 317(50.5)29 297(47.6)31 721(48.5)
66～7576 997(26.7)12 062(26.0)13 694(26.1)15 811(25.5)17 200(27.9)18 230(27.8)
>7549 405(17.1)8 241(17.8)9 041(17.2)10 467(16.9)10 731(17.5)10 925(16.7)
), ArticleFig(id=1241050836063810337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The age composition of malignant tumor patients in different districts and counties ［n（%）］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医疗机构所在区域<18岁18～40岁41～65岁66～75岁>75岁
温江区167(0.5)2 410(7.4)17 658(54.2)7 979(24.5)4 360(13.4)
武侯区147(0.6)1 963(7.0)15 228(54.5)6 546(23.4)4 058(14.5)
锦江区134(0.4)2 597(9.4)14 927(54.1)5 800(21.0)4 173(15.1)
彭州市42(0.2)1 030(4.2)12 973(53.3)7 116(29.2)3 177(13.1)
高新区96(0.4)2 283(10.5)11 538(52.9)5 085(23.3)2 815(12.9)
简阳市93(0.5)949(5.0)10 420(54.7)5 163(27.1)2 425(12.7)
金牛区60(0.4)990(6.3)4 492(28.7)4 881(31.2)5 235(33.4)
都江堰40(0.3)1 013(6.5)7 189(46.3)4 081(26.3)3 203(20.6)
金堂县19(0.1)461(3.1)7 264(49.4)4 245(28.9)2 720(18.5)
崇州市55(0.5)437(3.8)3 440(30.1)4 630(40.6)2 853(25.0)
郫都区76(0.7)1 131(10.6)5 097(47.9)2 863(26.9)1 481(13.9)
龙泉驿区22(0.2)494(4.7)4 382(41.3)3 286(31.0)2 416(22.8)
青羊区26(0.2)1 226(11.6)5 362(50.7)2 301(21.7)1 669(15.8)
双流区14(0.1)573(6.2)4 111(44.5)2 648(28.7)1 893(20.5)
新都区39(0.5)718(8.3)4 066(46.8)2 395(27.6)1 463(16.8)
邛崃市18(0.2)233(2.8)4 906(59.3)2 082(25.2)1 034(12.5)
蒲江县14(0.3)488(9.5)2 315(45.0)1 240(24.1)1 085(21.1)
大邑县0(0)191(3.9)1 691(34.4)1 772(36.0)1 265(25.7)
成华区3(0.1)140(3.0)1 654(35.4)1 476(31.6)1 395(29.9)
新津县3(0.1)150(3.7)2 083(51.7)1 273(31.6)521(12.9)
青白江区0(0)0(0)158(34.6)135(29.5)164(35.9)
), ArticleFig(id=1241050836181250859, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同区县恶性肿瘤患者的年龄构成情况［n（%）］

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医疗机构所在区域<18岁18～40岁41～65岁66～75岁>75岁
温江区167(0.5)2 410(7.4)17 658(54.2)7 979(24.5)4 360(13.4)
武侯区147(0.6)1 963(7.0)15 228(54.5)6 546(23.4)4 058(14.5)
锦江区134(0.4)2 597(9.4)14 927(54.1)5 800(21.0)4 173(15.1)
彭州市42(0.2)1 030(4.2)12 973(53.3)7 116(29.2)3 177(13.1)
高新区96(0.4)2 283(10.5)11 538(52.9)5 085(23.3)2 815(12.9)
简阳市93(0.5)949(5.0)10 420(54.7)5 163(27.1)2 425(12.7)
金牛区60(0.4)990(6.3)4 492(28.7)4 881(31.2)5 235(33.4)
都江堰40(0.3)1 013(6.5)7 189(46.3)4 081(26.3)3 203(20.6)
金堂县19(0.1)461(3.1)7 264(49.4)4 245(28.9)2 720(18.5)
崇州市55(0.5)437(3.8)3 440(30.1)4 630(40.6)2 853(25.0)
郫都区76(0.7)1 131(10.6)5 097(47.9)2 863(26.9)1 481(13.9)
龙泉驿区22(0.2)494(4.7)4 382(41.3)3 286(31.0)2 416(22.8)
青羊区26(0.2)1 226(11.6)5 362(50.7)2 301(21.7)1 669(15.8)
双流区14(0.1)573(6.2)4 111(44.5)2 648(28.7)1 893(20.5)
新都区39(0.5)718(8.3)4 066(46.8)2 395(27.6)1 463(16.8)
邛崃市18(0.2)233(2.8)4 906(59.3)2 082(25.2)1 034(12.5)
蒲江县14(0.3)488(9.5)2 315(45.0)1 240(24.1)1 085(21.1)
大邑县0(0)191(3.9)1 691(34.4)1 772(36.0)1 265(25.7)
成华区3(0.1)140(3.0)1 654(35.4)1 476(31.6)1 395(29.9)
新津县3(0.1)150(3.7)2 083(51.7)1 273(31.6)521(12.9)
青白江区0(0)0(0)158(34.6)135(29.5)164(35.9)
), ArticleFig(id=1241050836311274296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

The disease composition of hospitalized malignant tumor patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病种男性病种女性
例数构成比(%)例数构成比(%)
肺癌37 13022.5肺癌20 18916.5
食道癌17 55510.6乳腺癌13 16010.7
肝癌15 3459.3结肠癌7 7326.4
直肠癌13 2378.0直肠癌7 6336.3
胃癌12 3217.5宫颈癌6 6025.4
结肠癌11 3506.9卵巢癌6 4545.3
膀胱癌4 3672.6胃癌5 1394.2
胰腺癌3 4302.1肝癌4 8764.0
恶性淋巴瘤2 8991.8甲状腺癌3 7353.0
前列腺癌1 5390.9食道癌2 6482.2
), ArticleFig(id=1241050836546155328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

恶性肿瘤住院患者疾病构成情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病种男性病种女性
例数构成比(%)例数构成比(%)
肺癌37 13022.5肺癌20 18916.5
食道癌17 55510.6乳腺癌13 16010.7
肝癌15 3459.3结肠癌7 7326.4
直肠癌13 2378.0直肠癌7 6336.3
胃癌12 3217.5宫颈癌6 6025.4
结肠癌11 3506.9卵巢癌6 4545.3
膀胱癌4 3672.6胃癌5 1394.2
胰腺癌3 4302.1肝癌4 8764.0
恶性淋巴瘤2 8991.8甲状腺癌3 7353.0
前列腺癌1 5390.9食道癌2 6482.2
), ArticleFig(id=1241050836709733192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

The distribution of the number of hospitalized malignant tumor patients in different districts and counties ranked in order

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医疗机构
所在区域		肺癌结肠癌直肠癌肝癌胃癌乳腺癌食管癌甲状
腺癌		胰腺癌宫颈癌卵巢癌膀胱癌恶性
淋巴瘤		前列
腺癌		肾癌
温江区132457613109811121415
武侯区154267398101312111514
锦江区173258413961011121514
彭州市125736414111091281513
高新区162385741312119101415
简阳市174265313119812101415
金牛区126347513910128111415
都江堰135627413810119121514
金堂县265347114812109111315
崇州市123756414811101291513
郫都区173526413109811121415
龙泉驿区162547381012119131514
青羊区142957103131268151411
双流区156237413912108141115
新都区135647213109118121514
邛崃市172683513104912111415
蒲江县123471151286109151413
大邑县132456713810912111514
成华区136249513710118121415
新津县176354215108913111412
青白江区175346213810911141512
), ArticleFig(id=1241050836839756631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各区县恶性肿瘤住院患者例数顺位分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
医疗机构
所在区域		肺癌结肠癌直肠癌肝癌胃癌乳腺癌食管癌甲状
腺癌		胰腺癌宫颈癌卵巢癌膀胱癌恶性
淋巴瘤		前列
腺癌		肾癌
温江区132457613109811121415
武侯区154267398101312111514
锦江区173258413961011121514
彭州市125736414111091281513
高新区162385741312119101415
简阳市174265313119812101415
金牛区126347513910128111415
都江堰135627413810119121514
金堂县265347114812109111315
崇州市123756414811101291513
郫都区173526413109811121415
龙泉驿区162547381012119131514
青羊区142957103131268151411
双流区156237413912108141115
新都区135647213109118121514
邛崃市172683513104912111415
蒲江县123471151286109151413
大邑县132456713810912111514
成华区136249513710118121415
新津县176354215108913111412
青白江区175346213810911141512
), ArticleFig(id=1241050837091414879, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

The mortality situation of hospitalized malignant tumor patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病种男性病种女性
例数构成比(%)例数构成比(%)
肺癌4 44532.2肺癌2 05427.1
肝癌1 49210.8结肠癌5006.6
食道癌1 1468.3肝癌4856.4
结肠癌9236.7乳腺癌4526.0
胃癌8045.8直肠癌4185.5
直肠癌6925.0胃癌3744.9
胰腺癌5333.9胰腺癌3164.2
恶性淋巴瘤2401.7卵巢癌2863.8
膀胱癌2201.6宫颈癌2653.5
前列腺1230.1食道癌2232.9
), ArticleFig(id=1241050837322101610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

恶性肿瘤住院患者死亡情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病种男性病种女性
例数构成比(%)例数构成比(%)
肺癌4 44532.2肺癌2 05427.1
肝癌1 49210.8结肠癌5006.6
食道癌1 1468.3肝癌4856.4
结肠癌9236.7乳腺癌4526.0
胃癌8045.8直肠癌4185.5
直肠癌6925.0胃癌3744.9
胰腺癌5333.9胰腺癌3164.2
恶性淋巴瘤2401.7卵巢癌2863.8
膀胱癌2201.6宫颈癌2653.5
前列腺1230.1食道癌2232.9
), ArticleFig(id=1241050837494068077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=

The ranked distribution of the number of deaths from malignant tumors in different districts and counties

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
机构所
在区域		肺癌结肠癌直肠癌肝癌胃癌乳腺癌食管癌胰腺癌膀胱癌恶性
淋巴瘤		前列
腺癌		头颈部
恶性肿瘤		宫颈癌卵巢癌肾癌
温江区135269471181412131015
武侯区147269351281514131011
锦江区164259371011121381514
彭州市165249378111415131012
高新区145239671081314121115
简阳市156241138107131412915
金牛区146258379101315111214
都江堰126458731210141391115
金堂县185246391110131412157
崇州市124657310138141591112
郫都区174328651012111314915
龙泉驿区134258679111214131015
青羊区124351061181315141279
双流区176238459101211151314
新都区165348271110121391514
邛崃市184271156121013143915
蒲江县147251163121013149815
大邑县145268371211131591014
成华区156248739101312111415
新津县187342561213151410911
青白江区165348271115141310912
), ArticleFig(id=1241050837720560507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241034450398663176, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

各区县恶性肿瘤死亡患者例数顺位分布

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
机构所
在区域		肺癌结肠癌直肠癌肝癌胃癌乳腺癌食管癌胰腺癌膀胱癌恶性
淋巴瘤		前列
腺癌		头颈部
恶性肿瘤		宫颈癌卵巢癌肾癌
温江区135269471181412131015
武侯区147269351281514131011
锦江区164259371011121381514
彭州市165249378111415131012
高新区145239671081314121115
简阳市156241138107131412915
金牛区146258379101315111214
都江堰126458731210141391115
金堂县185246391110131412157
崇州市124657310138141591112
郫都区174328651012111314915
龙泉驿区134258679111214131015
青羊区124351061181315141279
双流区176238459101211151314
新都区165348271110121391514
邛崃市184271156121013143915
蒲江县147251163121013149815
大邑县145268371211131591014
成华区156248739101312111415
新津县187342561213151410911
青白江区165348271115141310912
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成都市市县级医院2016—2020年恶性肿瘤住院患者构成及变化趋势分析
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曾晓梅 , 陈萍 , 青晓艳 , 宋玥 , 刘太国
现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2025,52(11): 2027-2033
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现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2025, 52(11): 2027-2033
成都市市县级医院2016—2020年恶性肿瘤住院患者构成及变化趋势分析
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曾晓梅, 陈萍, 青晓艳, 宋玥, 刘太国
作者信息
  • 成都市第七人民医院肿瘤科，四川 成都 610000

    • 曾晓梅（1986—），女，硕士，主治医师，研究方向：消化道肿瘤及肿瘤综合治疗

通讯作者:

刘太国，E-mail:
Analysis of the composition and trends of inpatients with malignant tumors in Chengdu’s municipal and county hospitals from 2016 to 2020
Xiao-mei ZENG, Ping CHEN, Xiao-yan QING, Yue SONG, Tai-guo LIU
Affiliations
  • Department of Oncology, Chengdu Seventh People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, China
出版时间: 2025-06-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502227
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摘要
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目的

分析2016—2020年成都市恶性肿瘤住院患者的疾病构成、死亡情况及相应的变化趋势,为成都市及各区县癌症防控提供有效参考依据。

方法

基于成都市市县级87家医院2016—2020年恶性肿瘤首次住院患者病案首页中相关信息，分析成都市及各区域恶性肿瘤住院患者构成情况、各年龄阶段发病情况、死亡情况及其变化趋势。

结果

2016—2020年成都市87家医院恶性肿瘤首次住院患者总例数为287 901例（男性165 359例，女性122 542例）。住院病例数排名前五位的恶性肿瘤是肺癌、直肠癌、肝癌、食管癌、结肠癌。五年间，全市恶性肿瘤住院患者例数总体呈增长趋势，从2016年46 377例增长至2020年65 488例，定基增长率为41.2%。2020年较2016年，新津区、双流区、彭州市和大邑县恶性肿瘤住院患者例数呈下降趋势，下降率分别为44.7%、10.3%、6.0%、1.9%；其他区县恶性肿瘤住院患者例数均呈上升趋势，增加速度最快的前五位是郫都区、武侯区、锦江区、温江区、金堂县，定基增长率分别为143.0%、119.6%、111.0%、56.3%、53.4%。恶性肿瘤住院死亡病例数为21 381例（男性13 808例，女性7 573例），各类恶性肿瘤住院病例死亡人数逐年增加，由2016年3 742例增长至2020年4 504例，定基增长率为20.4%。死亡例数前五位的恶性肿瘤为肺癌、肝癌、结肠癌、食管癌、胃癌。

结论

成都市的恶性肿瘤疾病负担日益加重，不同区县的恶性肿瘤构成、死亡情况略有差异，应因地制宜地制定本辖区的肿瘤防治政策。

恶性肿瘤  /  住院患者  /  构成比  /  死亡人数
Objective

To analyze the composition, mortality, and corresponding trends of hospitalized patients with malignant tumors in Chengdu from 2016 to 2020, providing an effective reference for cancer prevention and control in Chengdu and its districts and counties.

Methods

Based on relevant information from the first hospitalization records of malignant tumor patients in 87 municipal and county-level hospitals in Chengdu from 2016 to 2020, this study analyzed the composition of hospitalized malignant tumor patients, the incidence by age group, mortality, and their trends across different regions of Chengdu.

Results

From 2016 to 2020, the total number of first-time hospitalized malignant tumor patients in Chengdu’s 87 hospitals was 287 901 (165 359 males and 122 542 females). The top five malignant tumor cases were lung cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, and colon cancer. Over the five years, the total number of hospitalized malignant tumor patients in the city showed an increasing trend, rising from 46 377 cases in 2016 to 65 488 cases in 2020, with a fixed-base growth rate of 41.2%.In 2020, compared to 2016, the number of hospitalized malignant tumor patients decreased in Xinjin District, Shuangliu District, Pengzhou city, and Dayi County, with decrease rates of 44.7%, 10.3%, 6.0%, and 1.9%, respectively; while in other districts and counties, the number of hospitalized malignant tumor patients increased, with the fastest growth observed in Pidu District, Wuhou District, Jinjiang District, Wenjiang District, and Jintang County, with fixed-base growth rates of 143.0%,119.6%, 111.0%, 56.3%, and 53.4%, respectively. The number of deaths among hospitalized malignant tumor patients was 21 381 (13 808 males and 7 573 females), with the mortality from various malignant tumors increasing annually, from 3 742 cases in 2016 to 4 504 cases in 2020, resulting in a fixed-base growth rate of 20.4%. The top five malignant tumors by mortality were lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, esophageal cancer, and gastric cancer.

Conclusion

The burden of malignant tumors in Chengdu is increasing, with slight variations in the composition and mortality of malignant tumors across different districts and counties, indicating the need for localized cancer prevention and control policies.

Malignant tumors  /  Hospitalized patients  /  Composition ratio  /  Mortality
曾晓梅, 陈萍, 青晓艳, 宋玥, 刘太国. 成都市市县级医院2016—2020年恶性肿瘤住院患者构成及变化趋势分析. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (11) : 2027 -2033 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502227
Xiao-mei ZENG, Ping CHEN, Xiao-yan QING, Yue SONG, Tai-guo LIU. Analysis of the composition and trends of inpatients with malignant tumors in Chengdu’s municipal and county hospitals from 2016 to 2020[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (11) : 2027 -2033 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502227
正文
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恶性肿瘤目前是全球各国家的主要死亡原因[1]。随着人口增长、老龄化以及不良的生活方式，癌症发病人数和死亡人数仍在迅速增加，已成为严重威胁全人类生命和健康的重大公共卫生问题之一[1]。国家癌症中心公布的最新数据显示，2022年我国恶性肿瘤新发病例估计为482.47万，死亡病例估计为257.42万，肺癌居恶性肿瘤发病首位，四川省恶性肿瘤发病例数顺位分布依次为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、食管癌和胃癌[2]。本研究借助成都市肿瘤性疾病医疗质量控制中心平台，通过分析2016—2020年成都市各辖区医疗机构首次住院恶性肿瘤患者疾病构成、肿瘤死亡情况及相应的变化趋势，了解其恶性肿瘤流行情况。
1　资料与方法
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1.1　数据来源
通过调查问卷的形式，收集成都市市辖区、县及县级市医疗机构恶性肿瘤住院患者病案首页中相关信息，包括患者户籍地址、年龄、性别、出院诊断、死亡状态等。总共收到90家医院的问卷资料，通过质量审核纳入87家医院数据。
1.2　研究对象
收集2016年1月1日—2020年12月31日成都市肿瘤性疾病质量控制中心管辖范围内成都市各级医院首次住院的恶性肿瘤患者。纳入标准：以《疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类（ICD-10）》为标准，选择出院诊断编码在“C00—C97”范围内，所有诊断包含恶性肿瘤患者作为纳入对象；重复入院的患者，仅统计其首次住院的信息。排除标准：患者的病案资料不完整无法统计者；剔除有缺失值和信息错误的病例。
1.3　质量控制
本研究的原始数据来自成都市各级医院，上报数据的医院有一名联系人，研究者及医院联系人对资料的完整性、有效性、时效性进行全面审核和评价。
1.4　统计方法
使用Excel2021软件、R语言4.3软件统计分析疾病构成、顺位及变化趋势。计数资料采用频数进行描述，组间构成比采用Beta回归分析，检验水准α=0.05。
2　结果
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2.1　医院基本情况
共收集到90家成都市市级和区县级医疗机构的调查数据，通过筛选，最终纳入87家医疗机构数据信息。其中三甲医院33家（37.9%），三乙医院17家（19.6%），二级医院33家（37.9%），其他级别医院4家（4.6%）；二级以上医疗机构占成都市二级以上医疗机构（共312家）比例为26.6%。本研究中80家医疗机构为综合医院、肿瘤医院、中西医结合医院、中医（综合）医院和妇幼保健院，占成都市的同类医疗机构（共163家）的49.1%；3家其他专科医疗机构占全市同类医疗机构（共149家）的2.0%。本研究中有41家医疗机构开展肿瘤诊疗活动，占比成都市辖区开展肿瘤诊疗活动医疗机构总数（49家）的83.7%。
按照医院所在行政区域分为21个区域（目前归属天府新区、东部新区的医疗机构按原来行政区域划分）。
2.2　恶性肿瘤住院患者基本情况
2016—2020年，87家医院恶性肿瘤首次住院患者数分别为46 377、52 446、62 036、61 554和65 488例，共287 901例。其中男性165 359例（57.4%），女性122 542例（42.6%）。21个区县医疗机构恶性肿瘤首次住院患者数排名前五位的分别为温江区32 574例、武侯区27 942例、锦江区27 631例、彭州市24 338例、高新区21 817例。见表1。
2.3　恶性肿瘤住院患者例数的变化趋势
2016—2020年，全市恶性肿瘤住院患者例数总体呈增长趋势，2020年较2016年定基增长率为41.2%。
2.4　恶性肿瘤住院患者年龄构成情况
恶性肿瘤住院患者中，41～65岁年龄组病例数最多，其次为66～75岁年龄组、>75岁年龄组和18～40岁年龄组，<18岁年龄组病例数最少，见表2。各区县恶性肿瘤住院患者的年龄分布见表3。
2.5　恶性肿瘤住院患者疾病构成情况及变化趋势
2.5.1　全市恶性肿瘤住院患者疾病构成情况
全市首次住院病例数排名前五位的恶性肿瘤是肺癌、直肠癌、肝癌、食管癌和结肠癌，占全部患者的47.8%。男性住院患者构成比前五位的恶性肿瘤为肺癌、食管癌、肝癌、直肠癌和胃癌，占男性恶性肿瘤住院患者总数的57.9%；女性患者前五位恶性肿瘤为肺癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、宫颈癌，占女性恶性肿瘤住院患者总数的45.3%，见表4。各区县恶性肿瘤住院患者疾病构成顺位分布见表5。
2.5.2　全市恶性肿瘤住院患者疾病变化趋势
从患病前五位肿瘤构成比五年间变化趋势中看出，结直肠癌的住院患者比例由2016年的12.34%上升至2020年的15.65%，上升趋势明显，有统计学意义（P<0.001）,但其他恶性肿瘤患病占比有下降趋势，尤其是肺癌下降最明显(P<0.001)，由2016年的22.04%下降至18.39%，胃癌患者占比下降有统计学意义（P<0.001）。见图1。
2.6　恶性肿瘤住院患者死亡情况及变化趋势
2.6.1　全市肿瘤住院患者死亡情况
2016—2020年，87家医院恶性肿瘤死亡病例数分别为3 742、4 020、4 891、4 224和4 504例，总共21 381例，其中男性13 808例（64.6%），女性7 573例（35.4%）。2020年的死亡病例数较2016年定基增长率为20.4%。死亡病例数排名前五位的恶性肿瘤是肺癌、肝癌、结肠癌、食管癌和胃癌，占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的58.2%。男性住院患者死亡前五位的恶性肿瘤依次是肺癌、肝癌、食管癌、结肠癌和胃癌，占男性恶性肿瘤全部死亡的63.8%；女性住院患者死亡前五位的恶性肿瘤依次是肺癌、结肠癌、肝癌、乳腺癌和直肠癌，占女性恶性肿瘤全部死亡的51.6 %。见表6。各区县恶性肿瘤住院患者死亡例数顺位分布见表7。
2.6.2　全市肿瘤住院患者疾病死亡变化趋势
从前五位恶性肿瘤住院患者死亡病例构成比五年间变化趋势中看出，肺癌住院患者死亡人数占比仍明显高于其他癌种，上升趋势明显，2020年较2016年上升1.45%，结直肠癌和肝癌住院患者死亡占比都呈上升趋势，而胃癌和食管癌略有下降，但上述变化均无统计学意义。见图2。
3　讨论
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随着社会经济发展水平提高，预期寿命延长，恶性肿瘤负担不断增加[2]。全国各省的癌谱分布情况存在差异[3]，四川省不同经济区恶性肿瘤流行情况也不同[4]。2016—2018年成都市报告发病率高于中国西部地区，恶性肿瘤发病率呈上升趋势[5]。因此，了解成都各区域间恶性肿瘤的发病及死亡情况，才能因地制宜制定区域癌症防控计划，控制发病因素、重视区域内高发癌种的防治工作。
2016—2020年成都市市县级医院的恶性肿瘤患者呈上升趋势，与成都市疾病预防控制中心所报告的发病率呈增长之势相符合[5]。21个行政区域中，温江区恶性肿瘤住院患者例数最多，其次是武侯区和锦江区，五年间病例数增长最多也是这三个区，而双流区、大邑县、新津县病例数减少，可能与区域人口数，及区域间医疗机构对肿瘤诊治水平的差异有关。随着年龄增长患癌的风险增加，41～65岁达到高峰，五年间66～75岁年龄组患者例数增长最明显。各区县患病的年龄构成与全市相似。成都市自2000年开始进入人口老年性社会，老龄化水平高于比全国平均水平[6]，有研究发现人群患癌风险与预期寿命、人类发展指数等指标呈正相关关系[7-8]。这说明恶性肿瘤住院增加及老年患者例数增长可能部分是由于人口老龄化的影响。
肺癌患者例数高居87家医院收治全部恶性肿瘤的首位，在男性、女性及20个区县恶性肿瘤住院患者数顺位均位居第一位，且患者病例数呈上升趋势，男性患者多于女性，患者构成比与近期报道的成都市肺癌发病构成接近[5]。肺癌应作为重点防控癌种，吸烟是其最重要的病因，控烟和降低二手烟的暴露率是降低肺癌发生率的重要途径。除了肺癌，住院患者数顺位前五位的恶性肿瘤分别是直肠癌、肝癌、食管癌、结肠癌、胃癌，与相关报道[9]一致。胃癌、食管癌、肝癌构成比有下降趋势，而结直肠癌的构成比有明显上升趋势，这与全国及四川省的发病趋势一致[2,9]，这可能与结直肠癌早癌筛查有关。男性患者数顺位前五位与总人群基本一致，膀胱癌、前列腺癌是男性高发恶性肿瘤，吸烟是目前较明确的膀胱癌致病危险因素[10]，前列腺癌可能与吸烟、缺乏运动、不良环境因素影响以及发病年龄晚等因素有关[11-12]。乳腺癌已位于女性总体患者数顺位第二位，宫颈癌与卵巢癌也均居前十位，且这三种女性特发肿瘤病例数呈明显上升趋势。乳腺癌的发病上升与有人口老龄化、酒精摄入、绝经期后雌孕激素联合治疗、辐射暴露史和生殖史有关[13]。女性生殖系统肿瘤上升可能与我国性观念逐渐开放、社会经济发展、饮食结构改变、精神压力过大、超重/肥胖率升高、人口老龄化有关[14]。
五年间，肺癌在男、女性和各区县恶性肿瘤住院患者死亡顺位中均居首位，死亡人数也呈上升趋势，肺癌死亡占比也成上升趋势，男性肺癌死亡人数是女性的2倍，说明男性肺癌患者的生存较女性更差。除了肺癌，消化道肿瘤是导致肿瘤死亡的主要原因，肝癌、结直肠癌不仅死亡人数增加，在总体人群占比也呈上升趋势，这与肿瘤的恶性程度以及结直肠癌患病比例高有一定相关性。膀胱癌和前列腺癌位于男性恶性肿瘤死亡顺位的前十位。乳腺癌在女性患者死亡顺位第二位，宫颈癌和卵巢癌居前十位，但乳腺癌和宫颈癌死亡构成比有下降趋势，这与国内报道的女性生殖系统常见恶性肿瘤的死亡率下降相符[14]，这可能与肿瘤早诊早诊、诊治水平提升有关[15]。
从各区县恶性肿瘤住院患者构成来看，各地区的恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况略有不同。金堂县的食管癌例数高于肺癌，居顺位第一位。高新区、青羊区的甲状腺癌顺位靠前，宫颈癌在大多数地区排位在第十位前后，而在锦江区、邛崃市和大邑县居前六位。卵巢癌在青羊区的顺位靠前，食管癌却略靠后。值得注意的是，肝癌在大多数地区死亡顺位均居于前三位，这与前期报道的西部地区的数据一致[16]。消化道肿瘤在大多数地区死亡顺位靠前。胰腺癌在都江堰区、成华区、浦江县死亡顺位均位于第三位。乳腺癌在新津县的死亡顺位较其他地区明显靠前。虽然成都市各区、县及县级市在教育、医疗、社会保障等方面差距日趋缩小，但各地区间恶性肿瘤流行情况仍然有差异，可能与经济发展水平、人口老龄化水平、卫生资源、数据质量等因素有关[4]。
本研究存在一定的不足，虽然收集的87家医院，基本包括了市级、区县级主要收治恶性肿瘤患者的三级和二级医疗机构，住院患者的收治类型一定程度上可以反映出市内肿瘤患者的患病情况，但是未纳入华西医院、四川省肿瘤医院、四川省人民医院等上级医疗机构，以及未完全覆盖成都市所有二级及以上的医疗机构，分析的数据覆盖率相对较低，数据质量有待提升。
综上所述，成都市的恶性肿瘤疾病负担日益加重，不同区县的恶性肿瘤构成、死亡情况存在不同，各地区因针对辖区内恶性肿瘤流行情况，找出重点癌种，因地制宜地制定癌症防控策略。
基金
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  • 成都市医学科研课题项目(2021182)
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2025年第52卷第11期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202502227
  • 接收时间：2025-02-13
  • 首发时间：2026-03-18
  • 出版时间：2025-06-10
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  • 收稿日期：2025-02-13
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    成都市第七人民医院肿瘤科，四川 成都 610000

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
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