Article(id=1241025213085831999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241025201983508979, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202410373, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1729267200000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-19, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773813067932, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1744214400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773813067932, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773813067932, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773813067932, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241025201983508979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='7', pageStart='1153', pageEnd='1344', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773813065285, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815493878, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241035388320543403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241025201983508979, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241035388320543404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241025201983508979, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1246, endPage=1250, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241025215036183423, articleId=1241025213085831999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Research on the influence of social activity on cognitive ability among middle-aged and elderly people in rural China and the mediating role of depression, columnId=1228016572892119056, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Primary Health Services, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To explore the influence of social activity on cognitive ability among middle-aged and elderly people in rural China and the mediating role of depression.
Methods Based on the data from the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 7 058 rural middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 and above were selected as the research subjects. Social activity was measured by the types and frequency of social activities. Cognitive ability was evaluated by the Mini- Mental State Examination (MMSE), and depression was measured by the (CES-D 10) scale. Descriptive statistics and partial correlation analysis were used for data analysis, and the Process macro program was used to test the mediating effect.
Results The mediating effect test showed that social activity among rural middle-aged and elderly people had a direct effect on cognitive ability (β=0.066, 95%CI: 0.039-0.093), accounting for 92.96% of the total effect. Depression (β=0.005, 95%CI: 0.001-0.010), accounting for 7.04% of the total effect, played a mediating role between them.
Conclusion Improving the social activity of rural middle-aged and elderly people may effectively relieve their depression and promote the protection of cognitive function. Support and promotion of social activities for rural middle-aged and elderly people should be strengthened to improve their mental health and cognitive ability.
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目的 本研究旨在探讨我国农村中老年人社交活跃度对认知能力的影响及抑郁的中介作用。
方法 本研究基于2020年中国健康与养老追踪调查数据,选取7 058名45岁及以上的农村中老人作为研究对象。社交活跃度通过社交活动的种类和频率进行衡量,认知能力通过简易精神状态检查表(MMSE)评估,抑郁以(CES-D 10)量表进行测量。数据分析采用描述性统计和偏相关分析,并使用Process宏程序进行中介效应检验。
结果 中介效应检验显示,农村中老年人社交活跃度对认知能力有直接效应(β=0.066,95%CI:0.039~0.093),占总效应92.96%。抑郁(β=0.005,95%CI:0.001~0.010)占总效应7.04%,在两者之间发挥中介作用。
结论 提升农村中老年人的社交活跃度可能有效缓解其抑郁,促进认知功能的保护,应加强对农村中老年人社交活动的支持与促进,以改善其心理健康及认知能力。
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本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=frZ7T8DwErJ6a/yZpnyNMg==, magXml=3RZjuF7LoZZF4JKH/QgO6Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=gF7iRkbuqO3p/c6sDDQKhA==, pdfFileSize=858633, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=PsH2eI+Paq8MjJsZ4Fi7kA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=JL01JjHjnREDSw+J1a66Uw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=
刘彦旭( 1997-),男,硕士在读,研究方向:公共管理、社会保障、社会医学
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Flow chart of sample inclusion, figureFileSmall=PTW3tFOyai70JeYyCBt7dw==, figureFileBig=PsH2eI+Paq8MjJsZ4Fi7kA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241025224972489168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
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A mediation model of social activeness on cognitive ability, figureFileSmall=15l58N42jgez8yCYSSOIbw==, figureFileBig=lZKN2QKQJBrRsCSHQbIRUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241025225236730333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
社交活跃度对认知能力的中介模型, figureFileSmall=15l58N42jgez8yCYSSOIbw==, figureFileBig=lZKN2QKQJBrRsCSHQbIRUA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241025225362559459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Differences in cognitive ability among rural middleaged and older adults with different characteristics
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 组别 | 认知能力得分 ( ) | t/F值 | P值 |
|---|
| 年龄(岁) | 45~59 | 13.03±3.06 | 132.954 | <0.001 |
| 60~69 | 11.76±3.24 | | |
| 70~79 | 11.42±3.29 | | |
| ≥80 | 10.01±3.79 | | |
| 性别 | 女性 | 11.85±3.45 | -9.780 | <0.001 |
| 男性 | 12.62±3.07 | | |
| 婚姻 | 其他 | 11.09±3.45 | -10.007 | <0.001 |
| 已婚 | 12.41±3.22 | | |
| 饮酒 | 否 | 11.96±3.35 | -10.244 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 12.75±3.09 | | |
| 吸烟 | 否 | 12.18±3.34 | -3.423 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 12.47±3.11 | | |
| 锻炼 | 否 | 11.66±3.34 | -4.780 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 12.33±3.26 | | |
| 有无慢性病 | 否 | 12.71±3.28 | 5.657 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 12.16±3.26 | | |
| 日常生活能力 | 正常 | 12.52±3.19 | 12.173 | <0.001 |
| 受损 | 11.30±3.40 | | |
| 医疗保险 | 无 | 11.33±3.58 | -4.263 | <0.001 |
| 有 | 12.31±3.26 | | |
| 养老保险 | 无 | 12.15±3.25 | -1.253 | 0.210 |
| 有 | 12.29±3.28 | | |
| 受教育程度 | 小学以下 | 10.55±3.36 | 486.579 | <0.001 |
| 小学 | 12.63±2.84 | | |
| 中学 | 13.48±2.72 | | |
| 高中及以上 | 14.30±2.43 | | |
| 抑郁 | 正常组 | 12.86±3.12 | 18.741 | <0.001 |
| 抑郁组 | 11.38±3.30 | | |
| 社交活动 | 低社交活动 | 11.99±3.34 | -10.004 | <0.001 |
| 高社交活动 | 12.78±3.07 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241025225442251239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
不同特征农村中老年人的认知能力差异
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 组别 | 认知能力得分 ( ) | t/F值 | P值 |
|---|
| 年龄(岁) | 45~59 | 13.03±3.06 | 132.954 | <0.001 |
| 60~69 | 11.76±3.24 | | |
| 70~79 | 11.42±3.29 | | |
| ≥80 | 10.01±3.79 | | |
| 性别 | 女性 | 11.85±3.45 | -9.780 | <0.001 |
| 男性 | 12.62±3.07 | | |
| 婚姻 | 其他 | 11.09±3.45 | -10.007 | <0.001 |
| 已婚 | 12.41±3.22 | | |
| 饮酒 | 否 | 11.96±3.35 | -10.244 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 12.75±3.09 | | |
| 吸烟 | 否 | 12.18±3.34 | -3.423 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 12.47±3.11 | | |
| 锻炼 | 否 | 11.66±3.34 | -4.780 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 12.33±3.26 | | |
| 有无慢性病 | 否 | 12.71±3.28 | 5.657 | <0.001 |
| 是 | 12.16±3.26 | | |
| 日常生活能力 | 正常 | 12.52±3.19 | 12.173 | <0.001 |
| 受损 | 11.30±3.40 | | |
| 医疗保险 | 无 | 11.33±3.58 | -4.263 | <0.001 |
| 有 | 12.31±3.26 | | |
| 养老保险 | 无 | 12.15±3.25 | -1.253 | 0.210 |
| 有 | 12.29±3.28 | | |
| 受教育程度 | 小学以下 | 10.55±3.36 | 486.579 | <0.001 |
| 小学 | 12.63±2.84 | | |
| 中学 | 13.48±2.72 | | |
| 高中及以上 | 14.30±2.43 | | |
| 抑郁 | 正常组 | 12.86±3.12 | 18.741 | <0.001 |
| 抑郁组 | 11.38±3.30 | | |
| 社交活动 | 低社交活动 | 11.99±3.34 | -10.004 | <0.001 |
| 高社交活动 | 12.78±3.07 | | |
), ArticleFig(id=1241025225551303151, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Results of partial correlation analysis (r)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 |  | 社交活跃程度 | 抑郁 | 认知能力 |
|---|
| 社交活跃程度 | 1.87±2.53 | 1.000 | | |
| 抑郁 | 8.89±6.41 | -0.026* | 1.000 | |
| 认知能力 | 12.27±3.27 | 0.060*** | -0.174*** | 1.000 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241025225626800627, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
偏相关分析结果(r)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 |  | 社交活跃程度 | 抑郁 | 认知能力 |
|---|
| 社交活跃程度 | 1.87±2.53 | 1.000 | | |
| 抑郁 | 8.89±6.41 | -0.026* | 1.000 | |
| 认知能力 | 12.27±3.27 | 0.060*** | -0.174*** | 1.000 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241025225735852534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Results of regression analysis
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 模型1(抑郁) | 模型2(认知能力) | 模型3(认知能力) |
|---|
| β | t | β | t | β | t |
|---|
| 年龄 | 0.057 | 0.611 | -0.527*** | -11.380 | -0.522*** | -11.445 |
| 性别 | -1.361*** | -7.310 | 0.136 | 1.461 | -0.019 | 0.201 |
| 婚姻 | -1.842*** | -7.943 | 0.530*** | 4.572 | 0.371** | 3.235 |
| 饮酒 | -0.492** | -3.080 | 0.299*** | 3.742 | 0.256** | 3.257 |
| 吸烟 | 0.144 | 0.809 | -0.198* | -2.218 | -0.185* | -2.110 |
| 锻炼 | 0.156 | 0.620 | 0.225 | 1.788 | 0.238 | 1.924 |
| 有无慢性病 | 2.033*** | 11.375 | -0.166 | -1.858 | 0.009 | 0.105 |
| 日常活动能力程度 | 4.301*** | 23.863 | -0.582*** | -6.457 | -0.211* | -2.284 |
| 医疗保险 | 0.458 | 1.217 | 0.516** | 2.742 | 0.555** | 2.997 |
| 受教育程度 | -0.750*** | -10.031 | 1.143*** | 30.585 | 1.078*** | 29.084 |
| 社交活跃度 | -0.061* | -2.153 | 0.071*** | 5.058 | 0.066*** | 4.756 |
| 抑郁 | | | | | -0.086*** | -14.705 |
| R2 | 0.171 | 0.206 | 0.230 |
| F值 | 132.401*** | 166.395*** | 175.206** |
), ArticleFig(id=1241025225832321533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
回归分析结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 变量 | 模型1(抑郁) | 模型2(认知能力) | 模型3(认知能力) |
|---|
| β | t | β | t | β | t |
|---|
| 年龄 | 0.057 | 0.611 | -0.527*** | -11.380 | -0.522*** | -11.445 |
| 性别 | -1.361*** | -7.310 | 0.136 | 1.461 | -0.019 | 0.201 |
| 婚姻 | -1.842*** | -7.943 | 0.530*** | 4.572 | 0.371** | 3.235 |
| 饮酒 | -0.492** | -3.080 | 0.299*** | 3.742 | 0.256** | 3.257 |
| 吸烟 | 0.144 | 0.809 | -0.198* | -2.218 | -0.185* | -2.110 |
| 锻炼 | 0.156 | 0.620 | 0.225 | 1.788 | 0.238 | 1.924 |
| 有无慢性病 | 2.033*** | 11.375 | -0.166 | -1.858 | 0.009 | 0.105 |
| 日常活动能力程度 | 4.301*** | 23.863 | -0.582*** | -6.457 | -0.211* | -2.284 |
| 医疗保险 | 0.458 | 1.217 | 0.516** | 2.742 | 0.555** | 2.997 |
| 受教育程度 | -0.750*** | -10.031 | 1.143*** | 30.585 | 1.078*** | 29.084 |
| 社交活跃度 | -0.061* | -2.153 | 0.071*** | 5.058 | 0.066*** | 4.756 |
| 抑郁 | | | | | -0.086*** | -14.705 |
| R2 | 0.171 | 0.206 | 0.230 |
| F值 | 132.401*** | 166.395*** | 175.206** |
), ArticleFig(id=1241025225924596225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Significance test of mediation effect
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 效应 | 路径关系 |  | 效应值(95%CI) | 效应量(%) |
|---|
| 直接效应 | 社交活跃度 → 认知能力 | 0.140 | 0.066(0.039 ~ 0.093) | 92.96 |
| 中介效应 | 社交活跃度 → 抑郁 → 认知能力 | 0.002 | 0.005(0.001 ~ 0.010) | 7.04 |
| 总效应 | 社交活跃度 → 认知能力 | 0.140 | 0.071(0.044 ~ 0.099) | 100.00 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241025226037842437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025213085831999, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
中介效应显著性检验
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 效应 | 路径关系 |  | 效应值(95%CI) | 效应量(%) |
|---|
| 直接效应 | 社交活跃度 → 认知能力 | 0.140 | 0.066(0.039 ~ 0.093) | 92.96 |
| 中介效应 | 社交活跃度 → 抑郁 → 认知能力 | 0.002 | 0.005(0.001 ~ 0.010) | 7.04 |
| 总效应 | 社交活跃度 → 认知能力 | 0.140 | 0.071(0.044 ~ 0.099) | 100.00 |
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