Article(id=1241025206651777775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241025201983508979, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1731945600000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-19, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773813066399, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1744214400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773813066399, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773813066399, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773813066399, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241025201983508979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='7', pageStart='1153', pageEnd='1344', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773813065285, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773815493878, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241035388320543403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241025201983508979, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241035388320543404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241025201983508979, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1257, endPage=1262, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241025206995710724, articleId=1241025206651777775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=How does the change in subjective life expectancy affect the medical expenditure of patients with chronic diseases: A cross-lagged study based on psychological factors, columnId=1228016567846367388, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Policy and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore how the subjective life expectancy of patients with chronic diseases affects their medical expenditure and provide a policy intervention perspective for improving the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.

Methods

The data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used. A total of 9 949 samples with any chronic disease at three time points in 2015 (T1), 2018 (T2), and 2020 (T3) were selected. Information such as subjective life expectancy, annual medical expenditure, frequency of outpatient and inpatient visits from modules including health status, medical service utilization records, family economy, and individual basic information was used. A cross-lagged model was applied to test the interaction between subjective life expectancy and medical expenditure and explore the mediating effect of medical resource utilization.

Results

The results of the standardized cross-lagged analysis showed that the subjective life expectancy T1 of patients with chronic diseases significantly negatively predicted the medical expenditure T2 (β=-0.043, P < 0.01), and the medical expenditure T2 significantly negatively predicted the subjective life expectancy T3 (β=-0.043, P < 0.01); the medical expenditure T1 of patients with chronic diseases significantly negatively predicted the subjective life expectancy T2 (β=-0.034, P < 0.05), and the subjective life expectancy T2 significantly negatively predicted the medical expenditure T3 (β=-0.043, P < 0.01). Medical resource utilization had a mediating effect in this process (β=-0.02, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

There is a complex interaction mechanism between the subjective life expectancy and medical expenditure of patients with chronic diseases. There may be a vicious cycle in which health anxiety leads to the deterioration of the condition and an increase in medical expenditure, which further aggravates anxiety, as well as the phenomenon of excessive medical treatment due to pessimistic health expectations. This indicates the value of formulating differentiated psychological intervention policies for different groups to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jia-ming LIU, Shao-liang TANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241025208312722282, articleId=1241025206651777775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=主观预期寿命的变动如何影响慢性病患者医疗支出——一项基于心理因素的交叉滞后研究, columnId=1228016568014139551, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=卫生政策与管理, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探讨慢性病患者主观预期寿命如何影响其医疗支出,为改善慢性病患者生活质量提供政策干预角度。

方法

采用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,选取2015年(T1)、2018年(T2)、2020年(T3)三个时间节点患有任一慢性病的9 949例样本,使用健康状况、医疗服务利用记录、家庭经济及个人基本信息等模块中主观预期寿命、年医疗支出、门诊及住院就医频次等信息,应用交叉滞后模型,检验主观预期寿命与医疗支出之间的相互作用,并探讨医疗资源利用的中介效应。

结果

经标准化后的交叉滞后分析结果显示,慢性病患者主观预期寿命T1显著负向预测医疗支出T2(β=-0.043,P<0.01),且医疗支出T2显著负向预测主观预期寿命T3(β=-0.043,P<0.01);慢性病患者的医疗支出T1显著负向预测主观预期寿命T2(β=-0.034,P<0.05),且主观预期寿命T2显著负向预测医疗支出T3(β=-0.043,P<0.01)。医疗资源利用在这一过程中存在中介作用(β=-0.02,P<0.05)。

结论

慢性病患者的主观预期寿命与医疗支出之间具有复杂的相互作用机制,可能存在因健康焦虑而导致病情恶化和医疗支出上升,并进一步加重焦虑的恶性循环,以及因悲观的健康预期而过度就医的现象,提示了针对不同群体特异性制定差异化心理干预政策对于提高慢性病患者的生活质量的价值。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
汤少梁,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=8zCWWaCfkVQIOnG5EHI1nQ==, magXml=1IswjXnHkFiNZw5Gj/AD4g==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=iWtisZPys9+9YKRQcSqLsQ==, pdfFileSize=987437, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=QBbMYNBdhxEqAxeMPfK+hg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=NFWE6MGAAeiGIzns/WB55Q==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

刘家铭(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

, authorsList=刘家铭, 汤少梁)}, authors=[Author(id=1241025210154021782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241025210258879391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, authorId=1241025210154021782, language=EN, stringName=Jia-ming LIU, firstName=Jia-ming, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241025210334376870, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, authorId=1241025210154021782, language=CN, stringName=刘家铭, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,南京 江苏 210023, bio={"content":"

刘家铭(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

刘家铭(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241025210003026823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241025210015609736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, companyId=1241025210003026823, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241025210040775564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, companyId=1241025210003026823, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,南京 江苏 210023)])]), Author(id=1241025210430845869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=tangshaoliang@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241025210552480697, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, authorId=1241025210430845869, language=EN, stringName=Shao-liang TANG, firstName=Shao-liang, middleName=null, lastName=TANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241025210644755391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, authorId=1241025210430845869, language=CN, stringName=汤少梁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,南京 江苏 210023, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241025210003026823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241025210015609736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, companyId=1241025210003026823, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241025210040775564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, companyId=1241025210003026823, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,南京 江苏 210023)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241025210749613007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Patients with chronic diseases), Keyword(id=1241025210858664920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Subjective life expectancy), Keyword(id=1241025210929968099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Medical economic burden), Keyword(id=1241025211005465580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=慢性病患者), Keyword(id=1241025211106128888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=主观预期寿命), Keyword(id=1241025211194208261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=医疗经济负担)], refs=[Reference(id=1241025212674797739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=国家卫生健康委员会, journalName=2022中国卫生统计年鉴, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国家卫生健康委员会.2022中国卫生统计年鉴[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2022., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025212788043962, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, journalName=China health statistical yearbook 2022, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. China health statistical yearbook 2022[M]. Beijing: Peking Union Medical College Press, 2022.(In Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025212897095876, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=国务院办公厅, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=国务院办公厅.中国防治慢性病中长期规划[EB/OL].[2025- 01-22]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2017-02/14/content_5167886.htm., articleTitle=中国防治慢性病中长期规划, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025214356713676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=3, authorNames=General Office of the State Council, People's Republic of China, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=General Office of the State Council, People's Republic of China. China's medium and long-term plan for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases(2017-2025)[EB/OL]. [2025-01-22]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2017-02/14/content_5167886.htm. (In Chinese), articleTitle=China's medium and long-term plan for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases(2017-2025), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025214486737107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=10, pageStart=1153, pageEnd=1157, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=4, authorNames=刘晓君, 胡永新, 袁兆康, journalName=第二军医大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘晓君, 胡永新, 袁兆康.我国医疗经济负担研究现状与展望[J].第二军医大学学报201839(10):1153-1157., articleTitle=我国医疗经济负担研究现状与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025214604177630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=10, pageStart=1153, pageEnd=1157, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Liu XJ, Hu YX, Yuan ZK, journalName=Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu XJHu YXYuan ZK. Medical economic burden in China: progress and prospects[J]. Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University201839(10): 1153-1157.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Medical economic burden in China: progress and prospects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025214704840932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=25, issue=10, pageStart=2497, pageEnd=2510, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Lee S, McClain C, Webster N, journalName=Quality of Life Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lee S, McClain C, Webster N, et al. Question order sensitivity of subjective well-being measures: focus on Life satisfaction, self-rated health, and subjective Life expectancy in survey instruments[J].Quality of Life Research, 2016, 25(10): 2497-2510., articleTitle=Question order sensitivity of subjective well-being measures: focus on Life satisfaction, self-rated health, and subjective Life expectancy in survey instruments, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025214801309934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=61, pageEnd=77, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=7, authorNames=俞钰凡, 王玲云, journalName=人口与经济, refType=null, unstructuredReference=俞钰凡, 王玲云.主观预期寿命研究的回顾与展望[J].人口与经济2022(4):61-77., articleTitle=主观预期寿命研究的回顾与展望, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025214910361847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=61, pageEnd=77, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Yu YF, Wang LY, journalName=Population & Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yu YFWang LY. A literature review and prospects of subjective Life expectancy[J]. Population & Economics2022(4): 61-77.(In Chinese), articleTitle=A literature review and prospects of subjective Life expectancy, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025214994247938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=319, issue=null, pageStart=318, pageEnd=324, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Hu Z, Liu XT, Jiang F, journalName=Journal of Affective Disorders, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hu Z, Liu XT, Jiang F, et al. Multidimensional evaluation of healthy Life expectancy indicators based on mental health among the rural older population: A large-scale cross-sectional study[J]. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2022, 319: 318-324., articleTitle=Multidimensional evaluation of healthy Life expectancy indicators based on mental health among the rural older population: A large-scale cross-sectional study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025215094911243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=5, pageStart=935, pageEnd=939, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=10, authorNames=李宛霖, 赵创艺, 杨媛, journalName=现代预防医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李宛霖,赵创艺,杨媛,等.我国中老年慢性病患者自评健康状况及影响因素研究 ——基于个人-家庭-社会视角[J].现代预防医学202148(5):935-939., articleTitle=我国中老年慢性病患者自评健康状况及影响因素研究 ——基于个人-家庭-社会视角, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025215174603025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=48, issue=5, pageStart=935, pageEnd=939, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Li WL, Zhao CY, Yang Y, journalName=Modern Preventive Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li WLZhao CYYang Y, et al. A study on the health status and influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases based on the individual-family-social perspective[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine202148(5): 935-939.(In Chinese), articleTitle=A study on the health status and influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases based on the individual-family-social perspective, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025215292043545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=87, pageEnd=100, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=12, authorNames=李亚青, 王子龙, 向彦霖, journalName=财经科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李亚青, 王子龙, 向彦霖.医疗保险对农村中老年人精神健康的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析[J].财经科学2022(1):87-100., articleTitle=医疗保险对农村中老年人精神健康的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025215375929631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=1, pageStart=87, pageEnd=100, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Li YQ, Wang Zi L, Xiang YL, journalName=Finance & Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li YQWang Zi LXiang YL. The effect of the social health insurance on the mental health of the middle-aged and aged residents in rural China——an empirical analysis based on CHARLS[J]. Finance & Economics2022(1): 87-100.(In Chinese), articleTitle=The effect of the social health insurance on the mental health of the middle-aged and aged residents in rural China——an empirical analysis based on CHARLS, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025215455621411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=54, issue=3, pageStart=614, pageEnd=619, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=14, authorNames=任青蔓, 任晓晖, journalName=四川大学学报:医学版, refType=null, unstructuredReference=任青蔓, 任晓晖.子女代际支持对老年人就医行为的影响研究[J].四川大学学报:医学版202354(3):614-619., articleTitle=子女代际支持对老年人就医行为的影响研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025215522730285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=54, issue=3, pageStart=614, pageEnd=619, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Ren QM, Ren XH, journalName=Journal of Sichuan University: Medical Sciences, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ren QMRen XH. Effect of intergenerational support from children on older adults' healthcare seeking behaviors[J]. Journal of Sichuan University: Medical Sciences202354(3): 614-619.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Effect of intergenerational support from children on older adults' healthcare seeking behaviors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025215619199284, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=38, issue=6, pageStart=62, pageEnd=76, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=16, authorNames=熊跃根, 黄静, journalName=人口学刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=熊跃根, 黄静.我国城乡医疗服务利用的不平等研究——一项基于CHARLS数据的实证分析[J].人口学刊201638(6):62-76., articleTitle=我国城乡医疗服务利用的不平等研究——一项基于CHARLS数据的实证分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025215971520837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=38, issue=6, pageStart=62, pageEnd=76, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Xiong YG, Huang J, journalName=Population Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xiong YGHuang J. Inequality in health service between urban and rural areas in China: evidence from CHARLS 2013 data[J]. Population Journal201638(6): 62-76.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Inequality in health service between urban and rural areas in China: evidence from CHARLS 2013 data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025216072184145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=18, authorNames=北京大学国家发展研究院, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=北京大学国家发展研究院.中国健康与养老追踪调查[EB/OL].[2025-02-07]. http://charls.pku.edu.cn/gy/gyxm.htm., articleTitle=中国健康与养老追踪调查, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025216156070233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=19, authorNames=National Development Research Institute, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=National Development Research Institute. Peking University, China Health and Elderly care tracking survey[EB/OL]. [2025-02-07]. http://charls.pku.edu.cn/gy/gyxm.htm. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Peking University, China Health and Elderly care tracking survey, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025216260927841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=null, issue=S1, pageStart=45, pageEnd=49, 176, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=20, authorNames=李建新, journalName=中国人口科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李建新.社会支持与老年人口生活满意度的关系研究[J].中国人口科学2004,(S1):45-49, 176., articleTitle=社会支持与老年人口生活满意度的关系研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025216357396843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2004, volume=null, issue=S1, pageStart=45, pageEnd=49, 176, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Li JX, journalName=Chinese Journal of Population Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li JX. Study on the relationship between social support and life satisfaction of the Chinese elderly[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science2004,(S1): 45-49, 176.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Study on the relationship between social support and life satisfaction of the Chinese elderly, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025216491614584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=26, pageEnd=38, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=22, authorNames=唐魁玉, 杨静, journalName=牡丹江师范学院学报:社会科学版, refType=null, unstructuredReference=唐魁玉, 杨静.癌症、健康状况与中老年群体主观预期寿命研究[J].牡丹江师范学院学报:社会科学版2022,(5):26-38., articleTitle=癌症、健康状况与中老年群体主观预期寿命研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025216579694978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=26, pageEnd=38, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Tang KY, Yang J, journalName=Journal of Mudanjiang Normal University:Social Sciences Edition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tang KYYang J. Research of cancer,health status and subjective Life expectancy of the middle-aged and elderly groups[J]. Journal of Mudanjiang Normal University:Social Sciences Edition2022, (5): 26-38.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Research of cancer,health status and subjective Life expectancy of the middle-aged and elderly groups, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025216701329800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=66, issue=1, pageStart=825, pageEnd=852, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Preacher KJ, journalName=Annual Review of Psychology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Preacher KJ. Advances in mediation analysis: a survey and synthesis of new developments[J]. Annual Review of Psychology,2015, 66(1): 825-852., articleTitle=Advances in mediation analysis: a survey and synthesis of new developments, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025216877490583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=49, issue=5, pageStart=592, pageEnd=596, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=25, authorNames=乔建歌, 杨青敏, journalName=中华护理杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=乔建歌, 杨青敏.慢性病患者乐观心理的研究进展[J].中华护理杂志201449(5):592-596., articleTitle=慢性病患者乐观心理的研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025217020096929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=49, issue=5, pageStart=592, pageEnd=596, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Qiao JG, Yang QM, journalName=Chinese Journal of Nursing, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Qiao JGYang QM. Optimism in patients with chronic diseases: a review[J].Chinese Journal of Nursing201449(5): 592-596.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Optimism in patients with chronic diseases: a review, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025217133343143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=25, issue=19, pageStart=2336, pageEnd=2341, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=27, authorNames=杨直, 高静, 柏丁兮, journalName=中国全科医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨直,高静,柏丁兮,等.老年慢性病共病患者治疗负担体验的质性研究[J].中国全科医学202225(19):2336-2341., articleTitle=老年慢性病共病患者治疗负担体验的质性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025217250783662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=25, issue=19, pageStart=2336, pageEnd=2341, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Yang Z, Gao J, Bai DX, journalName=Chinese General Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang ZGao JBai DX, et al. Experience of treatment burden in older adults with multimorbidity: a qualitative study[J]. Chinese General Practice202225(19): 2336-2341.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Experience of treatment burden in older adults with multimorbidity: a qualitative study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025217359835572, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=22, pageStart=46, pageEnd=49, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=29, authorNames=胡巨林灵, 陈晨, 朱静芬, journalName=医学与哲学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡巨林灵,陈晨,朱静芬,等.乳腺癌患者经济负担对情绪健康及生活质量的影响研究进展[J].医学与哲学202243(22):46-49., articleTitle=乳腺癌患者经济负担对情绪健康及生活质量的影响研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025218873979327, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=22, pageStart=46, pageEnd=49, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Hu JLL, Chen C, Zhu JF, journalName=Medicine & Philosophy, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hu JLLChen CZhu JF, et al. Literature review on financial burden among breast cancer patients and its impact on emotional health and quality of Life[J]. Medicine & Philosophy202243(22): 46-49.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Literature review on financial burden among breast cancer patients and its impact on emotional health and quality of Life, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025218970448321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=41, issue=1, pageStart=163, pageEnd=171, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Gasteiger C, Lobo M, Dalbeth N, journalName=Rheumatology International, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gasteiger C, Lobo M, Dalbeth N, et al. Patients' beliefs and behaviours are associated with perceptions of safety and concerns in a hypothetical biosimilar Switch[J]. Rheumatology International,2021, 41(1): 163-171., articleTitle=Patients' beliefs and behaviours are associated with perceptions of safety and concerns in a hypothetical biosimilar Switch, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025219121443275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=4, pageStart=43, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=32, authorNames=刘琪, 何韶华, 田璞玉, journalName=财经理论与实践, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘琪,何韶华,田璞玉,等.城乡医疗保险统筹如何影响农村老年人的幸福感? ——来自CHARLS数据的证据[J].财经理论与实践202243(4):43-50., articleTitle=城乡医疗保险统筹如何影响农村老年人的幸福感? ——来自CHARLS数据的证据, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025219243078095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=43, issue=4, pageStart=43, pageEnd=50, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=33, authorNames=Liu Q, He SH, Tian PY, journalName=The Theory and Practice of Finance and Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu QHe SHTian PY, et al. How does the urban-rural integrated medical insurance affect the well-being of rural elderly?——evidence from CHARLS data[J]. The Theory and Practice of Finance and Economics202243(4): 43-50.(In Chinese), articleTitle=How does the urban-rural integrated medical insurance affect the well-being of rural elderly?——evidence from CHARLS data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025219339547091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=28, pageEnd=30, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=34, authorNames=赵晓航, journalName=探索与争鸣, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵晓航.连锁风险中脆弱群体何以纾困——以老年慢性病患者为例[J].探索与争鸣2022,(7):28-30., articleTitle=连锁风险中脆弱群体何以纾困——以老年慢性病患者为例, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025219469570522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=null, issue=7, pageStart=28, pageEnd=30, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Zhao XH, journalName=Exploration and Free Views, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao XH. How vulnerable groups can be relieved from chain risks - taking the example of elderly patients with chronic diseases[J]. Exploration and Free Views2022, (7): 28-30.(In Chinese), articleTitle=How vulnerable groups can be relieved from chain risks - taking the example of elderly patients with chronic diseases, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025219587011039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=51, pageEnd=66, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=36, authorNames=王记文, journalName=人口与经济, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王记文.中国中老年人口的主观预期寿命及其社会经济差异[J].人口与经济2021(4):51-66., articleTitle=中国中老年人口的主观预期寿命及其社会经济差异, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025219704451559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=4, pageStart=51, pageEnd=66, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Wang JW, journalName=Population & Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang JW. The subjective Life expectancy of the Chinese middle-aged and older adults and its socio-economic disparity[J]. Population & Economics2021(4): 51-66.(In Chinese), articleTitle=The subjective Life expectancy of the Chinese middle-aged and older adults and its socio-economic disparity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025219897389553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=42, issue=3, pageStart=66, pageEnd=77, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=38, authorNames=杨雪, 王瑜龙, journalName=人口学刊, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨雪, 王瑜龙.社交活动对老年人口健康状况影响的量化分析[J].人口学刊202042(3):66-77., articleTitle=社交活动对老年人口健康状况影响的量化分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025220010635767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=42, issue=3, pageStart=66, pageEnd=77, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=39, authorNames=Yang X, Wang YL, journalName=Population Journal, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang XWang YL. Quantitative analysis: influence of social activities on the elderly health[J]. Population Journal202042(3): 66-77.(In Chinese), articleTitle=Quantitative analysis: influence of social activities on the elderly health, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025220170019324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=87, pageEnd=100, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=40, authorNames=陈雪娇, 王霄, 孙嘉珺, journalName=中央财经大学学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈雪娇, 王霄, 孙嘉珺.悲观的危害:居民主观生存信念与中年消费困境[J].中央财经大学学报2024(5):87-100., articleTitle=悲观的危害:居民主观生存信念与中年消费困境, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241025220287459837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=87, pageEnd=100, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=41, authorNames=Chen XJ, Wang X, Sun JJ, journalName=Journal of Central University of Finance & Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen XJWang XSun JJ. The harm of pessimism: residents' subjective survival belief and middle-aged consumption dilemma[J]. Journal of Central University of Finance & Economics2024(5): 87-100.(In Chinese), articleTitle=The harm of pessimism: residents' subjective survival belief and middle-aged consumption dilemma, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241025212540579989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, awardId=72074125, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金项目(72074125), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241025210003026823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241025210015609736, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, companyId=1241025210003026823, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241025210040775564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, companyId=1241025210003026823, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,南京 江苏 210023)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241025211357786134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Schematic diagram of the model, figureFileSmall=GX7N8n6qO4Jnk9zQ6E2e7Q==, figureFileBig=QBbMYNBdhxEqAxeMPfK+hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241025211450060834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=CN, label=图1, caption=模型示意图, figureFileSmall=GX7N8n6qO4Jnk9zQ6E2e7Q==, figureFileBig=QBbMYNBdhxEqAxeMPfK+hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241025211789799488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Cross-lagged analysis results with mediating variable, figureFileSmall=iy3wF8x3InDg+T7VX1Ti3w==, figureFileBig=6F+jowxeNjNPZ1OD3M8yrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241025211898851409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=CN, label=图2, caption=含中介变量的交叉滞后结果

注:T1、T2、T3分别表示2015、2018和2020年时间节点;******分别表示变量在10%、5%、1%的水平上显著;-----表示回日系数为负,——表示回归系数为正。

, figureFileSmall=iy3wF8x3InDg+T7VX1Ti3w==, figureFileBig=6F+jowxeNjNPZ1OD3M8yrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241025211991126105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Descriptive statistics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量赋值T1T2T3
样本量()样本量±)样本量±)
1=几乎不可能
2=不太可能
主观预期寿命3=有可能7 5502.99±1.257 7342.96±1.247 7423.03±1.24
4=很可能
5=几乎一定
年医疗支出去除5%的极端值5 5762 707.32±4 452.288 8334 160.07±6 834.279 1654 518.80±6 752.32
医疗资源利用“过去一年住院次数”和
“过去一个月门诊次数”
9 3630.65±1.709 4210.66±1.749 9480.83±1.86
两项指标之和
性别1=男性
2=女性
9 3811.53±0.50
年龄2015年时的年龄9 94856.87±10.05
婚姻状况1=与配偶同居
2=无配偶同居
9 3781.18±0.38
城乡划分1=城市
2=农村
9 3031.72±0.45
所属区域1=中国东部
2=中国西部
3=中国中部
4=东北地区
9 9472.16±0.93
收入2015年年收入
去除5%的极端值
7 1765 109±9 275.73
), ArticleFig(id=1241025212083400802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

描述性统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量赋值T1T2T3
样本量()样本量±)样本量±)
1=几乎不可能
2=不太可能
主观预期寿命3=有可能7 5502.99±1.257 7342.96±1.247 7423.03±1.24
4=很可能
5=几乎一定
年医疗支出去除5%的极端值5 5762 707.32±4 452.288 8334 160.07±6 834.279 1654 518.80±6 752.32
医疗资源利用“过去一年住院次数”和
“过去一个月门诊次数”
9 3630.65±1.709 4210.66±1.749 9480.83±1.86
两项指标之和
性别1=男性
2=女性
9 3811.53±0.50
年龄2015年时的年龄9 94856.87±10.05
婚姻状况1=与配偶同居
2=无配偶同居
9 3781.18±0.38
城乡划分1=城市
2=农村
9 3031.72±0.45
所属区域1=中国东部
2=中国西部
3=中国中部
4=东北地区
9 9472.16±0.93
收入2015年年收入
去除5%的极端值
7 1765 109±9 275.73
), ArticleFig(id=1241025212158898285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Cross-lagged regression of subjective life expectancy and medical financial burden in chronic disease patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型主观预期
寿命 T1
→主观预期
寿命T2
主观预期
寿命 T2
→主观预期
寿命T3
医疗支出
T1
→医疗支出 T2
医疗支出
T2→
医疗支出
T3
主观预期
寿命 T1→
医疗支出
T1
主观预期
寿命 T2→
医疗支出
T2
主观预期
寿命 T3→
医疗支出
T3
主观预期
寿命 T1→
医疗支出
T2
主观预期
寿命 T2→
医疗支出
T3
医疗支出
T1→
主观预期寿命 T2
医疗支出
T2→
主观预期
寿命 T3
M10.446***0.390***0.211***0.190***-0.106***-0.076***-0.041***
M20.448***0.391***0.210***0.186***-0.100***-0.071***-0.039***-0.044***-0.045***
M30.443***0.387***0.220***0.192***-0.110***-0.071***-0.040***-0.034**-0.044***
M40.446***0.388***0.211***0.165***-0.099***-0.067***-0.034**-0.043***-0.043***-0.034**-0.043***
), ArticleFig(id=1241025212263755893, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

慢性病患者主观预期寿命和医疗经济负担的交叉滞后回归

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型主观预期
寿命 T1
→主观预期
寿命T2
主观预期
寿命 T2
→主观预期
寿命T3
医疗支出
T1
→医疗支出 T2
医疗支出
T2→
医疗支出
T3
主观预期
寿命 T1→
医疗支出
T1
主观预期
寿命 T2→
医疗支出
T2
主观预期
寿命 T3→
医疗支出
T3
主观预期
寿命 T1→
医疗支出
T2
主观预期
寿命 T2→
医疗支出
T3
医疗支出
T1→
主观预期寿命 T2
医疗支出
T2→
主观预期
寿命 T3
M10.446***0.390***0.211***0.190***-0.106***-0.076***-0.041***
M20.448***0.391***0.210***0.186***-0.100***-0.071***-0.039***-0.044***-0.045***
M30.443***0.387***0.220***0.192***-0.110***-0.071***-0.040***-0.034**-0.044***
M40.446***0.388***0.211***0.165***-0.099***-0.067***-0.034**-0.043***-0.043***-0.034**-0.043***
), ArticleFig(id=1241025212356030590, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Heterogeneity analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
路径年龄分组(岁)性别分组城乡分组
<6060~<75≥75男性群体女性群体城镇群体农村群体
主观预期寿命T1
→医疗支出T2
-0.048***
(0.016)
-0.034*
(0.020)
-0.020
(0.050)
-0.033*
(0.017
-0.049***
(0.016)
-0.060**
(0.028)
-0.035***
(0.013)
医疗支出T2
→主观预期寿命T3
-0.048***
(0.015)
-0.028
(0.021)
-0.041
(0.055)
-0.029
(0.019)
-0.052***
0.018)
-0.039*
(0.020)
-0.041**
(0.017)
医疗支出T1
→主观预期寿命T2
-0.024
(0.023)
-0.048*
(0.027)
0.059
(0.074)
-0.011
(0.024)
-0.045*
(0.024)
-0.013
(0.030)
-0.035*
(0.021)
主观预期寿命T2
→医疗支出T3
-0.035***
(0.014)
-0.053***
(0.019)
-0.031
(0.062)
-0.048***
(0.017)
-0.036**
(0.015)
-0.094***
(0.026)
-0.024**
(0.012)
主观预期寿命T1与
医疗支出T1相关性
-0.097***
(0.034)
-0.118***
(0.044)
-0.057
(0.070)
-0.140***
(0.027)
-0.066**
(0.027)
-0.123***
(0.042)
-0.099***
(0.029)
主观预期寿命T2与
医疗支出T2相关性
-0.064***
(0.019)
-0.072***
(0.027)
0.025
(0.070)
-0.038*
(0.022)
-0.088***
(0.022)
-0.032
(0.056)
-0.075***
(0.017)
主观预期寿命T3与
医疗支出T3相关性
-0.051***
(0.017)
-0.023
(0.024)
0.069
(0.064)
-0.049**
(0.020)
-0.026
(0.019)
-0.020
(0.030)
-0.042***
(0.015)
), ArticleFig(id=1241025212444110984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241025206651777775, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

异质性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
路径年龄分组(岁)性别分组城乡分组
<6060~<75≥75男性群体女性群体城镇群体农村群体
主观预期寿命T1
→医疗支出T2
-0.048***
(0.016)
-0.034*
(0.020)
-0.020
(0.050)
-0.033*
(0.017
-0.049***
(0.016)
-0.060**
(0.028)
-0.035***
(0.013)
医疗支出T2
→主观预期寿命T3
-0.048***
(0.015)
-0.028
(0.021)
-0.041
(0.055)
-0.029
(0.019)
-0.052***
0.018)
-0.039*
(0.020)
-0.041**
(0.017)
医疗支出T1
→主观预期寿命T2
-0.024
(0.023)
-0.048*
(0.027)
0.059
(0.074)
-0.011
(0.024)
-0.045*
(0.024)
-0.013
(0.030)
-0.035*
(0.021)
主观预期寿命T2
→医疗支出T3
-0.035***
(0.014)
-0.053***
(0.019)
-0.031
(0.062)
-0.048***
(0.017)
-0.036**
(0.015)
-0.094***
(0.026)
-0.024**
(0.012)
主观预期寿命T1与
医疗支出T1相关性
-0.097***
(0.034)
-0.118***
(0.044)
-0.057
(0.070)
-0.140***
(0.027)
-0.066**
(0.027)
-0.123***
(0.042)
-0.099***
(0.029)
主观预期寿命T2与
医疗支出T2相关性
-0.064***
(0.019)
-0.072***
(0.027)
0.025
(0.070)
-0.038*
(0.022)
-0.088***
(0.022)
-0.032
(0.056)
-0.075***
(0.017)
主观预期寿命T3与
医疗支出T3相关性
-0.051***
(0.017)
-0.023
(0.024)
0.069
(0.064)
-0.049**
(0.020)
-0.026
(0.019)
-0.020
(0.030)
-0.042***
(0.015)
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1770628902248, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1227669854342280188, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902278, updatedTime=1770628902278, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1227669854396806141, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902291, updatedTime=1770628902291, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
主观预期寿命的变动如何影响慢性病患者医疗支出——一项基于心理因素的交叉滞后研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
刘家铭 , 汤少梁
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2025,52(7): 1257-1262
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2025, 52(7): 1257-1262
主观预期寿命的变动如何影响慢性病患者医疗支出——一项基于心理因素的交叉滞后研究
全屏
刘家铭, 汤少梁
作者信息
  • 南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,南京 江苏 210023
  • 刘家铭(1999—),男,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

通讯作者:

汤少梁,E-mail:
How does the change in subjective life expectancy affect the medical expenditure of patients with chronic diseases: A cross-lagged study based on psychological factors
Jia-ming LIU, Shao-liang TANG
Affiliations
  • School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
出版时间: 2025-04-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298
文章导航
收藏切换
目的

探讨慢性病患者主观预期寿命如何影响其医疗支出,为改善慢性病患者生活质量提供政策干预角度。

方法

采用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,选取2015年(T1)、2018年(T2)、2020年(T3)三个时间节点患有任一慢性病的9 949例样本,使用健康状况、医疗服务利用记录、家庭经济及个人基本信息等模块中主观预期寿命、年医疗支出、门诊及住院就医频次等信息,应用交叉滞后模型,检验主观预期寿命与医疗支出之间的相互作用,并探讨医疗资源利用的中介效应。

结果

经标准化后的交叉滞后分析结果显示,慢性病患者主观预期寿命T1显著负向预测医疗支出T2(β=-0.043,P<0.01),且医疗支出T2显著负向预测主观预期寿命T3(β=-0.043,P<0.01);慢性病患者的医疗支出T1显著负向预测主观预期寿命T2(β=-0.034,P<0.05),且主观预期寿命T2显著负向预测医疗支出T3(β=-0.043,P<0.01)。医疗资源利用在这一过程中存在中介作用(β=-0.02,P<0.05)。

结论

慢性病患者的主观预期寿命与医疗支出之间具有复杂的相互作用机制,可能存在因健康焦虑而导致病情恶化和医疗支出上升,并进一步加重焦虑的恶性循环,以及因悲观的健康预期而过度就医的现象,提示了针对不同群体特异性制定差异化心理干预政策对于提高慢性病患者的生活质量的价值。

慢性病患者  /  主观预期寿命  /  医疗经济负担
Objective

To explore how the subjective life expectancy of patients with chronic diseases affects their medical expenditure and provide a policy intervention perspective for improving the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.

Methods

The data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used. A total of 9 949 samples with any chronic disease at three time points in 2015 (T1), 2018 (T2), and 2020 (T3) were selected. Information such as subjective life expectancy, annual medical expenditure, frequency of outpatient and inpatient visits from modules including health status, medical service utilization records, family economy, and individual basic information was used. A cross-lagged model was applied to test the interaction between subjective life expectancy and medical expenditure and explore the mediating effect of medical resource utilization.

Results

The results of the standardized cross-lagged analysis showed that the subjective life expectancy T1 of patients with chronic diseases significantly negatively predicted the medical expenditure T2 (β=-0.043, P < 0.01), and the medical expenditure T2 significantly negatively predicted the subjective life expectancy T3 (β=-0.043, P < 0.01); the medical expenditure T1 of patients with chronic diseases significantly negatively predicted the subjective life expectancy T2 (β=-0.034, P < 0.05), and the subjective life expectancy T2 significantly negatively predicted the medical expenditure T3 (β=-0.043, P < 0.01). Medical resource utilization had a mediating effect in this process (β=-0.02, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

There is a complex interaction mechanism between the subjective life expectancy and medical expenditure of patients with chronic diseases. There may be a vicious cycle in which health anxiety leads to the deterioration of the condition and an increase in medical expenditure, which further aggravates anxiety, as well as the phenomenon of excessive medical treatment due to pessimistic health expectations. This indicates the value of formulating differentiated psychological intervention policies for different groups to improve the quality of life of patients with chronic diseases.

Patients with chronic diseases  /  Subjective life expectancy  /  Medical economic burden
刘家铭, 汤少梁. 主观预期寿命的变动如何影响慢性病患者医疗支出——一项基于心理因素的交叉滞后研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (7) : 1257 -1262 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298
Jia-ming LIU, Shao-liang TANG. How does the change in subjective life expectancy affect the medical expenditure of patients with chronic diseases: A cross-lagged study based on psychological factors[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (7) : 1257 -1262 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298
慢性病患者数量的逐年上升已成为我国面临的一个重大公共卫生问题。据统计,2018年,我国慢性病患者占比为34.29%,65岁以上人群慢性病患病率达到62.33%[1]。慢性病患者占比的提高,一定程度上反映了我国平均预期寿命的增长,然而,平均预期寿命的增长也意味着慢性病患者带病生存时间的延长。相比健康人群,慢性病患者生活中可能面临疾病所致的疼痛和不适、行动上的不便、额外的医疗开销负担,以及来源于自身未来健康状况的焦虑与压力,改善这一群体的生活质量,是推进“健康中国”战略的重要内容,国务院办公厅也将提高慢性病患者生存质量列为重点工作之一[2]
医疗经济负担指因健康需求而消耗的一切现实或潜在的资源[3],慢性病患者医疗经济负担的控制始终是国家卫生政策和相关研究的重要方向;主观预期寿命指个人预期自己可能会活到的年龄,是个人感知自身剩余寿命的量化,并反映个人生存信念和对自身健康状况的长期认知,映射生活质量的综合性变量[4]。主观预期寿命易受其他混杂因素干扰,自身状况变化和社会因素影响都可能使个人调整寿命预期[5]。国内针对主观预期寿命的研究尚不多见,本文应用交叉滞后方法,探讨2015—2020年中国慢性病患者主观预期寿命和医疗负担的异步相关性及其影响机制,为改善慢性病患者生活质量提供政策干预角度。
过往研究指出,主观预期寿命与焦虑间存在密切关系[6],焦虑则可能影响患者病情控制[7]并加重医疗经济负担,同时,医疗经济负担越重的患者往往对生活越悲观[8],悲观的生活态度又可能对慢性病治疗产生不利影响,加重患者面临的健康和经济负担,形成恶性循环。基于此,本文提出假设1,即慢性病患者中可能存在主观预期寿命与医疗经济负担间的双向预测。此外,已有研究表明,个体自身健康情况的主观判断对个体的医疗资源利用有较为显著的影响,对自身健康状况持悲观态度的患者,往往倾向于多就医[9],这一现象中包含客观的就医需要,也存在心理因素的干预[10]。为明确研究中的关键概念,本文将“医疗资源利用”定义为医疗资源利用频次,即患者一定时间内的就医次数并提出假设2,即医疗资源利用可能在慢性病患者主观预期寿命和医疗支出的相关性中存在中介作用。
本文使用数据来自中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS),该调查由北京大学国家发展研究院于2011年开展,覆盖约1. 7万人,每2~3年追踪调查并更新一期。该调查按照与人口规模成比例的概率抽样法,依次在县、村、家户和个人层面上进行抽样,调查范围覆盖中国绝大部分省份[11],样本的代表性和真实性较强。为充分观察时间推移下主观预期寿命与医疗经济负担的相互作用关系,选取2015、2018和2020年三个时间节点上的CHARLS调研数据观察交叉滞后效应。
根据CHARLS调研问卷慢性病相关题项,筛选CHARLS 2015中患有至少一项慢性病的样本,剔除包含异常值和关键变量缺失较多的样本,共9 949条样本被纳入研究。
1.2.1 因变量,选取医疗支出作为测量医疗经济负担的因变量,该变量为衡量慢性病患者经济压力及生存质量的重要指标,通过CHARLS调研问卷中一年内医疗支出相关题项进行赋值,并去除5%的极端值。
1.2.2 自变量,选取主观预期寿命作为自变量,CHARLS调研工作中,针对受访者年龄区间设置不同目标年龄,询问其认为能够生存到该目标年龄的主观可能性并进行赋值。
1.2.3 控制变量,参考相关文献[12],选取性别、年龄、婚姻状况、月收入、城乡分布、所在区域作为控制变量纳入研究,所在区域按照国家统计局标准划分。
主观预期寿命能为个体提供独特的时间框架,用以指导剩余生命周期中的人生规划[13]。因此,本文采用交叉滞后模型进行研究,并加入中介变量探讨中介效应。该方法可探讨一个变量对另一变量跨时间预测效应,是检验变量间单一效应方向的有效途径[14]。交叉滞后模型由自回归路径和交叉滞后路径组成,本文构建5个模型来检验社会参与和心理健康之间的因果关系,如图1所示。通过Mplus 8.0软件进行交叉滞后研究,从而探讨主观预期寿命和医疗经济负担的相互作用及作用机制。
表1为描述性统计内容,本文样本2015年时平均年龄56.87岁,大部分来自农村,女性较男性稍多,主观预期寿命的平均值水平反映受访患者群体对于是否能生存至10~15年后整体具有一定信心,且整体水平未出现明显变化。
表2汇报了不同模型下慢性病患者主观预期寿命和医疗支出的自回归情况及交叉滞后回归情况。结果可见,慢性病患者主观预期寿命的自回归均显著为正,医疗支出均显著为负,同一时间节点上主观预期寿命和医疗支出的相关性均显著为负。交叉滞后结果显示,2015年慢性病患者主观预期寿命对2018年医疗支出的回归显著为负,且2018年医疗支出对2020年主观预期寿命回归同样显著为负;2015年慢性病患者的医疗支出对2018年的主观预期寿命回归显著为负,且2018年的主观预期寿命对2020年的医疗支出回归同样显著为负。不同模型下,回归结果无明显差异,证明其具有一定稳健性,并验证假设1,即慢性病患者主观预期寿命和医疗经济负担间存在相互预测。
为确保模型可靠性,本文对所使用模型进行拟合度检验.模型4检验结果及可接受临界值如下:χ2=54.55,v=6, P<0.001, CFI=0.991(>0.90), TLI=0.924(>0.90),RMSEA=0.033(<0.08),SRMR=0.010(<0.08),可见其具备全部路径的同时具有较好拟合度,本文以模型4为基础,纳入医疗资源利用变量展开中介分析。图2汇报了加入医疗资源利用变量后的模型结果,可见主观预期寿命对后一时间点的医疗资源利用存在显著负相关,反之同样存在,而医疗资源利用与医疗支出间存在显著的正向相关关系。对主观预期寿命T1影响医疗资源利用T2进而影响医疗支出T3的路径进行中介检验,结果显示系数为-0.002(P<0.01),可见医疗资源利用在慢性病患者主观预期寿命影响医疗支出的过程中存在中介作用,并验证假设2。
本文通过分组回归进一步观察慢性病患者主观预期寿命和医疗经济负担的因果关系,表3为分组回归结果。基准回归中的预测效果在60岁以下人群中依然显著,在60~75岁人群中预测能力有所下降,针对高龄老人失去预测能力;性别分组方面,女性群体表现出了更明显的异步相关性;城乡分组方面,农村群体表现出了同一时间点上主观预期寿命和医疗经济负担更强的相关性。
这一结果可能源于患者对自身病情的直观感受,病情越严重的患者对自身寿命越悲观,需承担的医疗支出也越高。另一方面,可能也提示了患者心态对病情的影响,模型中相邻时间节点相距至少2年,长期持有较积极心态的慢性病患者更容易使病情和医疗支出得到控制[15],反之则可能加剧病情发展,医疗支出也随之上升。
对自身健康较悲观的慢性病患者往往难以在最佳状态下接受治疗,进而导致健康恶化和医疗经济负担加剧[16];而医疗经济负担是慢性病患者病情程度的直观反映,高医疗经济负担是负性心理的重要危险因素[17],医疗经济负担的加重可能使患者悲观心态进一步加剧。因此,两条交叉滞后路径可能提示了慢性病患者中存在的悲观心态、健康恶化和经济压力上升间的恶性循环需引起重视。
分组回归显示,基准回归中的预测效果随着患者年龄上升而下降,75岁以上高龄老人群体不存在预测作用。这一现象可能来源于一部分高龄老人病情虽随年龄发展需维持较高医疗支出,但其带病生存适应程度也更高,对于能否控制病情长期稳定反而持乐观态度,而60岁以下患者尚未完全步入老年,带病生活期较短,对自身健康状况的变化也更为敏感,此外,这一群体并未步入退休,工作及承担家庭支出的压力也可能加重其消极情绪。
相比男性群体,女性群体对自身健康状况更为敏感,也更易对病情产生强烈情绪反应[18],因此结果中存在更明显的双向预测。
农村患者群体在同一时间节点的主观预期寿命与医疗支出相关性均显著,这可能是城乡医疗不平等的表现,城市患者往往能够享受更便捷有效的医疗资源,同时,收入水平也较农村群体更高,因此短期内的医疗支出变动可能很难直接影响其心态及寿命预期,而农村患者收入水平相对较低,医疗支出的上涨往往意味着更沉重的经济负担,同时可利用医疗资源也相对较匮乏薄弱,因此短期内的医疗支出和主观预期寿命存在相关。此外,农村患者同一时间节点上相关性系数逐年下降,可能反映了医保统筹的政策效应。
任意时间节点上慢性病患者主观预期寿命均与医疗资源利用显著负相关,2015年系数绝对值较大,2018年出现下降,2020年则出现回升。主观预期寿命易受其他社会因素干扰[10],2015—2018年的变化可能反应了医保统筹政策效应,对保障力度提升的直观感受可能提高了慢性病患者对健康状况的乐观程度[19],从而缓解其病情并减少由焦虑驱动的就医行为。2018—2020年的变化可能来自新冠疫情的深层次影响,2020年传染病致使的健康焦虑仍普遍存在[20],可能造成主观预期寿命与医疗资源利用相关性的回升。
主观预期寿命包含个体对衰老过程的独特理解,对个人的行为层面有反映功能[21],对未来较长时间内行为规划存在指导作用[10],因此,医疗资源利用的中介作用可能提示了慢性病患者间存在因对自身健康状况悲观而过度就医的现象。
综上所述,交叉滞后模型结果提示主观预期寿命和医疗支出间的相互影响可能需要在较长时间内发挥作用,也意味着通过政策干预提高慢性病患者生活积极性需在较长时间周期内检验成效,构建平台鼓励其主动进行健康状况和心理状况汇报,可能对其生活质量管理工作具有一定价值。此外,也说明对慢性病患者进行心理干预的必要性,慢性病患者数量大,普遍年龄高,以社区为单位组织定期心理健康咨询服务,可能缓解其健康焦虑,也可在医院设置团体心理治疗课程,配套提高医保对此类诊疗项目的覆盖力度。研究证明,社交也能缓解慢性病患者的负面情绪[22],培训志愿者访问患者家庭提供跟进支持和基础健康检测同样有所帮助。异质性分析结果可能说明了针对性别进行差异化的干预会更具效力,针对女性患者群体,可将强化心理支持作为切入点,针对男性患者群体,可将直接、高效的健康教育作为主要方式;主观预期寿命和医疗资源利用频次的相关性结果提示了在重大公共卫生事件中特别关注慢性病患者心理健康的重要性,此外,也反应了医保体系优化改革对于提振慢性病患者生活质量的意义[23]。针对慢性病患者可能存在的过度就医现象,可面向其推进远程随访系统建设,减轻患者对实体医疗机构的依赖。此外,分级诊疗制度的进一步推广也能在保持医疗资源合理分配前提下为慢性病患者提供医疗及心理支持,有助于减轻慢性病患者医疗经济负担[5]。因此,应提高基层医疗机构知晓率,调整基层就医、家庭医生报销比例,引导慢性病患者在病情稳定期尽可能选择远程随访或前往基层医疗机构就医。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(72074125)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
国家卫生健康委员会.2022中国卫生统计年鉴[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2022.
National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. China health statistical yearbook 2022[M]. Beijing: Peking Union Medical College Press, 2022.(In Chinese)
[2]
国务院办公厅.中国防治慢性病中长期规划[EB/OL].[2025- 01-22]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2017-02/14/content_5167886.htm.
General Office of the State Council, People's Republic of China. China's medium and long-term plan for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases(2017-2025)[EB/OL]. [2025-01-22]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2017-02/14/content_5167886.htm. (In Chinese)
[3]
刘晓君, 胡永新, 袁兆康.我国医疗经济负担研究现状与展望[J].第二军医大学学报201839(10):1153-1157.
Liu XJHu YXYuan ZK. Medical economic burden in China: progress and prospects[J]. Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University201839(10): 1153-1157.(In Chinese)
[4]
Lee S, McClain C, Webster N, et al. Question order sensitivity of subjective well-being measures: focus on Life satisfaction, self-rated health, and subjective Life expectancy in survey instruments[J].Quality of Life Research, 2016, 25(10): 2497-2510.
[5]
俞钰凡, 王玲云.主观预期寿命研究的回顾与展望[J].人口与经济2022(4):61-77.
Yu YFWang LY. A literature review and prospects of subjective Life expectancy[J]. Population & Economics2022(4): 61-77.(In Chinese)
[6]
Hu Z, Liu XT, Jiang F, et al. Multidimensional evaluation of healthy Life expectancy indicators based on mental health among the rural older population: A large-scale cross-sectional study[J]. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2022, 319: 318-324.
[7]
李宛霖,赵创艺,杨媛,等.我国中老年慢性病患者自评健康状况及影响因素研究 ——基于个人-家庭-社会视角[J].现代预防医学202148(5):935-939.
Li WLZhao CYYang Y, et al. A study on the health status and influencing factors of middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases based on the individual-family-social perspective[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine202148(5): 935-939.(In Chinese)
[8]
李亚青, 王子龙, 向彦霖.医疗保险对农村中老年人精神健康的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析[J].财经科学2022(1):87-100.
Li YQWang Zi LXiang YL. The effect of the social health insurance on the mental health of the middle-aged and aged residents in rural China——an empirical analysis based on CHARLS[J]. Finance & Economics2022(1): 87-100.(In Chinese)
[9]
任青蔓, 任晓晖.子女代际支持对老年人就医行为的影响研究[J].四川大学学报:医学版202354(3):614-619.
Ren QMRen XH. Effect of intergenerational support from children on older adults' healthcare seeking behaviors[J]. Journal of Sichuan University: Medical Sciences202354(3): 614-619.(In Chinese)
[10]
熊跃根, 黄静.我国城乡医疗服务利用的不平等研究——一项基于CHARLS数据的实证分析[J].人口学刊201638(6):62-76.
Xiong YGHuang J. Inequality in health service between urban and rural areas in China: evidence from CHARLS 2013 data[J]. Population Journal201638(6): 62-76.(In Chinese)
[11]
北京大学国家发展研究院.中国健康与养老追踪调查[EB/OL].[2025-02-07]. http://charls.pku.edu.cn/gy/gyxm.htm.
National Development Research Institute. Peking University, China Health and Elderly care tracking survey[EB/OL]. [2025-02-07]. http://charls.pku.edu.cn/gy/gyxm.htm. (In Chinese)
[12]
李建新.社会支持与老年人口生活满意度的关系研究[J].中国人口科学2004,(S1):45-49, 176.
Li JX. Study on the relationship between social support and life satisfaction of the Chinese elderly[J]. Chinese Journal of Population Science2004,(S1): 45-49, 176.(In Chinese)
[13]
唐魁玉, 杨静.癌症、健康状况与中老年群体主观预期寿命研究[J].牡丹江师范学院学报:社会科学版2022,(5):26-38.
Tang KYYang J. Research of cancer,health status and subjective Life expectancy of the middle-aged and elderly groups[J]. Journal of Mudanjiang Normal University:Social Sciences Edition2022, (5): 26-38.(In Chinese)
[14]
Preacher KJ. Advances in mediation analysis: a survey and synthesis of new developments[J]. Annual Review of Psychology,2015, 66(1): 825-852.
[15]
乔建歌, 杨青敏.慢性病患者乐观心理的研究进展[J].中华护理杂志201449(5):592-596.
Qiao JGYang QM. Optimism in patients with chronic diseases: a review[J].Chinese Journal of Nursing201449(5): 592-596.(In Chinese)
[16]
杨直,高静,柏丁兮,等.老年慢性病共病患者治疗负担体验的质性研究[J].中国全科医学202225(19):2336-2341.
Yang ZGao JBai DX, et al. Experience of treatment burden in older adults with multimorbidity: a qualitative study[J]. Chinese General Practice202225(19): 2336-2341.(In Chinese)
[17]
胡巨林灵,陈晨,朱静芬,等.乳腺癌患者经济负担对情绪健康及生活质量的影响研究进展[J].医学与哲学202243(22):46-49.
Hu JLLChen CZhu JF, et al. Literature review on financial burden among breast cancer patients and its impact on emotional health and quality of Life[J]. Medicine & Philosophy202243(22): 46-49.(In Chinese)
[18]
Gasteiger C, Lobo M, Dalbeth N, et al. Patients' beliefs and behaviours are associated with perceptions of safety and concerns in a hypothetical biosimilar Switch[J]. Rheumatology International,2021, 41(1): 163-171.
[19]
刘琪,何韶华,田璞玉,等.城乡医疗保险统筹如何影响农村老年人的幸福感? ——来自CHARLS数据的证据[J].财经理论与实践202243(4):43-50.
Liu QHe SHTian PY, et al. How does the urban-rural integrated medical insurance affect the well-being of rural elderly?——evidence from CHARLS data[J]. The Theory and Practice of Finance and Economics202243(4): 43-50.(In Chinese)
[20]
赵晓航.连锁风险中脆弱群体何以纾困——以老年慢性病患者为例[J].探索与争鸣2022,(7):28-30.
Zhao XH. How vulnerable groups can be relieved from chain risks - taking the example of elderly patients with chronic diseases[J]. Exploration and Free Views2022, (7): 28-30.(In Chinese)
[21]
王记文.中国中老年人口的主观预期寿命及其社会经济差异[J].人口与经济2021(4):51-66.
Wang JW. The subjective Life expectancy of the Chinese middle-aged and older adults and its socio-economic disparity[J]. Population & Economics2021(4): 51-66.(In Chinese)
[22]
杨雪, 王瑜龙.社交活动对老年人口健康状况影响的量化分析[J].人口学刊202042(3):66-77.
Yang XWang YL. Quantitative analysis: influence of social activities on the elderly health[J]. Population Journal202042(3): 66-77.(In Chinese)
[23]
陈雪娇, 王霄, 孙嘉珺.悲观的危害:居民主观生存信念与中年消费困境[J].中央财经大学学报2024(5):87-100.
Chen XJWang XSun JJ. The harm of pessimism: residents' subjective survival belief and middle-aged consumption dilemma[J]. Journal of Central University of Finance & Economics2024(5): 87-100.(In Chinese)
2025年第52卷第7期
PDF下载
59
24
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298
  • 接收时间:2024-11-19
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-04-10
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-19
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(72074125)
作者信息
    南京中医药大学卫生经济管理学院,南京 江苏 210023

通讯作者:

汤少梁,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411298
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏