Article(id=1241023938977919716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241023927812682133, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202409297, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1726502400000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-17, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773812764162, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1739116800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773812764162, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773812764162, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773812764162, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241023927812682133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='3', pageStart='385', pageEnd='576', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773812761500, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773812858867, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241024336258200259, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241023927812682133, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241024336258200260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241023927812682133, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=412, endPage=417, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241023939716117243, articleId=1241023938977919716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Research on the correlation between male uric acid trajectories and hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, columnId=1240413921954295836, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Epidemiology and Statistical Methods, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the correlation between changes in uric acid trajectories in a male population undergoing health check-ups and the occurrence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.

Methods

This study selected 5 316 male subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from the Health Management Center of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University over a ten-year period from 2012 to 2022. A group-based trajectory model (GBTM) was constructed based on uric acid levels, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized to analyze the risks of developing hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia across different uric acid trajectory groups.

Results

The study participants were categorized into low stable, low increasing, moderate increasing, and high increasing groups. The incidence of hypertension in the high increasing group was significantly higher than that in the low stable group. After adjusting for confounding factors, the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that the risk of developing hypertension in the high increasing group was 1.51 times (95%CI: 1.20-1.91, P<0.001) compared to the low stable group. However, no significant correlation was found between changes in uric acid trajectories and the occurrence of diabetes. A significant correlation was observed between changes in uric acid trajectories and dyslipidemia; as uric acid levels increased, the incidence of dyslipidemia also rose. After adjusting for confounding factors, the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the risk of developing dyslipidemia in the high increasing group was 1.75 times (95%CI: 1.44-2.12, P<0.001) compared to the low stable group.

Conclusion

Among male individuals undergoing health check-ups, there is a correlation between uric acid trajectories and hypertension as well as dyslipidemia, yet no significant correlation with the occurrence of diabetes.

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目的

分析健康体检男性人群尿酸轨迹变化导致高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常发生的相关性。

方法

本研究选取2012—2022年十年间大连医科大学附属第二医院健康管理中心符合纳排标准的5 316例男性人群,根据尿酸水平构建组基轨迹模型(GBTM)分组,利用Cox比例风险回归模型分析不同尿酸轨迹组分别发生高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的风险。

结果

研究对象分为低稳定组、低增长组、中增长组和高增长组。高增长组的高血压发生率显著高于低稳定组。调整混杂因素后Cox比例分析回归结果显示:与低稳定组相比,高增长组发生高血压的风险比为1.51(95%CI:1.20~1.91,P<0.001)。然而,尿酸轨迹变化与糖尿病的发生无明显相关性。尿酸轨迹变化与血脂异常之间存在显著相关性,随着尿酸水平增高,血脂异常发生率也越高;调整混杂因素后Cox比例分析回归结果显示:与低稳定组相比,高增长组发生血脂异常的风险比为1.75(95%CI:1.44~2.12,P<0.001)。

结论

在健康体检男性人群中,尿酸轨迹与高血压和血脂异常存在相关性,但与糖尿病的发生无明显相关性。

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赵辉,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=/oYLHcTeL8eyIW/wFF1Xsg==, magXml=Z3dPs7jXuvJTaH007pIOhg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=okG5kbsbazEY3NulZYz4Bw==, pdfFileSize=890618, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=crpaZPvul+QJtTEbhY+nhg==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=DAnO649EQpJ/ddxgxEEIrg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

贾雪妮(1999—),女,硕士,住院医师,研究方向:慢性病预防与管理

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贾雪妮(1999—),女,硕士,住院医师,研究方向:慢性病预防与管理

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Effect of uric acid on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in hepatocytes[J].Genetics and Molecular Research, 2016, 15(2): 1-11., articleTitle=Effect of uric acid on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in hepatocytes, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241023948889059762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, awardId=JYTMS20230602, language=CN, fundingSource=辽宁省教育厅课题面上项目(JYTMS20230602), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241023942295614414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023942304003024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, companyId=1241023942295614414, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023942312391634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, companyId=1241023942295614414, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=大连医科大学附属第二医院健康管理中心,辽宁 大连 116023)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241023947358138684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=The flowchart of the enrollment of participants, figureFileSmall=XGMyqTFMi5BnUi07d2ZqMw==, figureFileBig=crpaZPvul+QJtTEbhY+nhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023947517522251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=CN, label=图1, caption=研究对象纳入流程图, figureFileSmall=XGMyqTFMi5BnUi07d2ZqMw==, figureFileBig=crpaZPvul+QJtTEbhY+nhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023947794346334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=The groups of the uric acid trajectory, figureFileSmall=XLzLPd4+q/5m5+WDg3YNdg==, figureFileBig=rb7pW+qkR+//2J22uGx0qA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023947911786852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=CN, label=图2, caption=尿酸纵向轨迹分组

注:1为低稳定组;2为低增长组;3为中增长组;4为高增长组。

, figureFileSmall=XLzLPd4+q/5m5+WDg3YNdg==, figureFileBig=rb7pW+qkR+//2J22uGx0qA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023948004061549, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=The Kaplan-Meier estimation of cumulative incidence curves of hypertension and dyslipidemics in different uric acid trajectories, figureFileSmall=06a6VpGcCl4Eyxut5aYZrg==, figureFileBig=13d47f4e8uNzw01n8a7fZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023948121502069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同尿酸轨迹组与高血压及血脂异常的K-M曲线

注:图A为尿酸轨迹组发生高血压累积发生率;图B为尿酸轨迹组发生血脂异常累积发生率;组间比较采用Log-Rank检验,虚线代表中位随访时间。

, figureFileSmall=06a6VpGcCl4Eyxut5aYZrg==, figureFileBig=13d47f4e8uNzw01n8a7fZw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023948238942591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=The Kaplan–Meier estimation of cumulative incidence curves of hypertension and dyslipidemics in different uric acid groups, figureFileSmall=EXQ97rYCaaG6edhaIgCYLg==, figureFileBig=BcmBcCq1WzKEmP2yYjy/hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023948343800200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=CN, label=图4, caption=不同尿酸基线水平分组和增量分组与高血压及血脂异常的K-M曲线

注:图A为尿酸基线水平分组发生高血压累积发生率;图B为尿酸基线水平分组发生血脂异常累积发生率;图C为尿酸增量分组发生高血压累积发生率;图D为尿酸增量分组发生血脂异常累积发生率;组间比较采用Log-Rank检验,虚线代表中位随访时间。

, figureFileSmall=EXQ97rYCaaG6edhaIgCYLg==, figureFileBig=BcmBcCq1WzKEmP2yYjy/hg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023948465435022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The basic characteristics in different uric acid trajectory groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量低稳定组
(n=932)
低增长组
(n=2 559)
中增长组
(n=1 490)
高增长组
(n=335)
P
Age(岁)42.0[33.0,52.0]39.0[30.0,49.0]35.0[29.0,46.0]34.0[28.0,45.0]<0.001
SBP(mmHg)122[113,129]123[115,130]124[116,131]125[119,132]<0.001
DBP(mmHg)74.0[67.0,80.0]74.0[68.0,80.0]75.0[69.0,81.0]75.0[69.5,82.0]<0.001
BMI(kg/m2)22.7[20.7,24.5]23.7[21.7,25.7]24.8[22.9,26.8]25.6[23.7,27.7]<0.001
WBC(109/L)5.71[4.97,6.69]5.96[5.16,6.86]6.16[5.34,7.17]6.44[5.67,7.57]<0.001
RBC(1012/L)5.01[4.78,5.23]5.07[4.86,5.28]5.11[4.89,5.33]5.16[4.95,5.38]<0.001
NEU(109/L)3.15[2.60,3.82]3.30[2.72,3.99]3.40[2.82,4.08]3.64[2.99,4.43]<0.001
LYM(109/L)2.04[1.71,2.44]2.10[1.77,2.48]2.19[1.83,2.57]2.24[1.86,2.67]<0.001
Hb(g/L)153[147,159]155[149,160]155[149,161]156[150,163]<0.001
PLT(109/L)208[182,236]211[185,243]217[191,245]215[190,249]<0.001
ALT(U/L)20.0[15.0,26.0]22.0[16.0,29.1]25.5[18.1,36.0]30.0[20.2,44.0]<0.001
AST(U/L)20.9[18.0,24.0]21.1[18.2,25.0]22.6[19.0,27.0]24.0[20.0,29.0]<0.001
TP(g/L)71.5[69.0,74.3]72.0[69.1,74.8]72.5[70.0,75.3]72.8[70.2,76.2]<0.001
ALB(g/L)47.1[45.4,48.7]47.1[45.6,48.7]47.4[45.8,49.0]47.7[46.3,49.5]<0.001
GLB(g/L)24.3[21.8,26.8]24.7[22.4,27.2]25.2[22.9,27.5]24.9[22.8,27.4]<0.001
γ-GGT(U/L)18.0[14.0,26.0]21.0[16.0,30.0]25.0[19.0,37.0]30.0[20.1,45.0]<0.001
TBIL(μmol/L)14.4[11.6,18.0]14.3[11.3,18.1]14.0[11.3,17.9]14.6[11.7,18.3]0.364
DBIL(μmol/L)4.99[3.99,6.20]4.80[3.80,6.20]4.70[3.75,6.19]4.90[3.80,6.10]0.0534
Scr(μmol/L)73.0[67.0,79.2]75.3[70.0,82.0]78.0[71.0,85.0]80.0[73.6,86.8]<0.001
eGFR[ml/(min·1.73m2)]134[122,148]132[119,145]128[115,142]124[112,139]<0.001
FBG(mmol/L)5.36[5.13,5.68]5.42[5.16,5.74]5.45[5.19,5.75]5.43[5.16,5.71]<0.001
TC(mmol/L)4.56[4.05,5.10]4.65[4.16,5.17]4.76[4.25,5.26]4.89[4.38,5.36]<0.001
TG(mmol/L)0.950[0.730,1.26]1.10[0.830,1.44]1.23[0.910,1.58]1.39[1.01,1.78]<0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L)1.31[1.16,1.51]1.25[1.12,1.41]1.21[1.10,1.35]1.19[1.09,1.33]<0.001
LDL-C(mmol/L)2.59[2.15,3.05]2.71[2.26,3.18]2.81[2.37,3.23]2.90[2.46,3.30]<0.001
UA(μmol/L)287[260,311]356[325,385]425[394,455]501[462,537]<0.001
TNa
No657(70.5)1895(74.1)1162(78.0)249(74.3)<0.001
Yes275(29.5)664(25.9)328(22.0)86(25.7)
FLDa
No820(88.0)2090(81.7)997(66.9)171(51.0)<0.001
Yes112(12.0)469(18.3)493(33.1)164(49.0)
随访次数b
高血压3.68±1.363.59±1.333.55±1.273.40±1.220.006
糖尿病4.01±1.563.85±1.483.86±1.463.94±1.340.034
血脂异常3.65±1.343.46±1.383.30±1.273.00±1.04<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1241023948561904022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同尿酸轨迹组人群基线特征

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量低稳定组
(n=932)
低增长组
(n=2 559)
中增长组
(n=1 490)
高增长组
(n=335)
P
Age(岁)42.0[33.0,52.0]39.0[30.0,49.0]35.0[29.0,46.0]34.0[28.0,45.0]<0.001
SBP(mmHg)122[113,129]123[115,130]124[116,131]125[119,132]<0.001
DBP(mmHg)74.0[67.0,80.0]74.0[68.0,80.0]75.0[69.0,81.0]75.0[69.5,82.0]<0.001
BMI(kg/m2)22.7[20.7,24.5]23.7[21.7,25.7]24.8[22.9,26.8]25.6[23.7,27.7]<0.001
WBC(109/L)5.71[4.97,6.69]5.96[5.16,6.86]6.16[5.34,7.17]6.44[5.67,7.57]<0.001
RBC(1012/L)5.01[4.78,5.23]5.07[4.86,5.28]5.11[4.89,5.33]5.16[4.95,5.38]<0.001
NEU(109/L)3.15[2.60,3.82]3.30[2.72,3.99]3.40[2.82,4.08]3.64[2.99,4.43]<0.001
LYM(109/L)2.04[1.71,2.44]2.10[1.77,2.48]2.19[1.83,2.57]2.24[1.86,2.67]<0.001
Hb(g/L)153[147,159]155[149,160]155[149,161]156[150,163]<0.001
PLT(109/L)208[182,236]211[185,243]217[191,245]215[190,249]<0.001
ALT(U/L)20.0[15.0,26.0]22.0[16.0,29.1]25.5[18.1,36.0]30.0[20.2,44.0]<0.001
AST(U/L)20.9[18.0,24.0]21.1[18.2,25.0]22.6[19.0,27.0]24.0[20.0,29.0]<0.001
TP(g/L)71.5[69.0,74.3]72.0[69.1,74.8]72.5[70.0,75.3]72.8[70.2,76.2]<0.001
ALB(g/L)47.1[45.4,48.7]47.1[45.6,48.7]47.4[45.8,49.0]47.7[46.3,49.5]<0.001
GLB(g/L)24.3[21.8,26.8]24.7[22.4,27.2]25.2[22.9,27.5]24.9[22.8,27.4]<0.001
γ-GGT(U/L)18.0[14.0,26.0]21.0[16.0,30.0]25.0[19.0,37.0]30.0[20.1,45.0]<0.001
TBIL(μmol/L)14.4[11.6,18.0]14.3[11.3,18.1]14.0[11.3,17.9]14.6[11.7,18.3]0.364
DBIL(μmol/L)4.99[3.99,6.20]4.80[3.80,6.20]4.70[3.75,6.19]4.90[3.80,6.10]0.0534
Scr(μmol/L)73.0[67.0,79.2]75.3[70.0,82.0]78.0[71.0,85.0]80.0[73.6,86.8]<0.001
eGFR[ml/(min·1.73m2)]134[122,148]132[119,145]128[115,142]124[112,139]<0.001
FBG(mmol/L)5.36[5.13,5.68]5.42[5.16,5.74]5.45[5.19,5.75]5.43[5.16,5.71]<0.001
TC(mmol/L)4.56[4.05,5.10]4.65[4.16,5.17]4.76[4.25,5.26]4.89[4.38,5.36]<0.001
TG(mmol/L)0.950[0.730,1.26]1.10[0.830,1.44]1.23[0.910,1.58]1.39[1.01,1.78]<0.001
HDL-C(mmol/L)1.31[1.16,1.51]1.25[1.12,1.41]1.21[1.10,1.35]1.19[1.09,1.33]<0.001
LDL-C(mmol/L)2.59[2.15,3.05]2.71[2.26,3.18]2.81[2.37,3.23]2.90[2.46,3.30]<0.001
UA(μmol/L)287[260,311]356[325,385]425[394,455]501[462,537]<0.001
TNa
No657(70.5)1895(74.1)1162(78.0)249(74.3)<0.001
Yes275(29.5)664(25.9)328(22.0)86(25.7)
FLDa
No820(88.0)2090(81.7)997(66.9)171(51.0)<0.001
Yes112(12.0)469(18.3)493(33.1)164(49.0)
随访次数b
高血压3.68±1.363.59±1.333.55±1.273.40±1.220.006
糖尿病4.01±1.563.85±1.483.86±1.463.94±1.340.034
血脂异常3.65±1.343.46±1.383.30±1.273.00±1.04<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1241023948679344543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The Cox analysis of the risk of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemics in uric acid trajectory groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型高血压糖尿病血脂异常
HR(95%CI)PHR(95%CI)PHR(95%CI)P
模型1
低稳定组1.001.001.00
低增长组0.96(0.83-1.10)0.6261.24(0.81-1.89)0.3191.37(1.19-1.57)<0.001
中增长组1.11(0.94-1.30)0.2270.96(0.60-1.56)0.8731.89(1.64-2.18)<0.001
高增长组1.73(1.40-2.20)<0.0010.91(0.43-1.92)0.7992.76(2.29-3.31)<0.001
模型2
低稳定组1.001.001.00
低增长组1.07(0.92-1.25)0.4081.53(1.00-2.34)0.0531.35(1.17-1.55)<0.001
中增长组1.35(1.14-1.59)<0.0011.30(0.80-2.11)0.2931.84(1.59-2.13)<0.001
高增长组2.19(1.76-2.72)<0.0011.26(0.59-2.68)0.5522.68(2.22-3.22)<0.001
模型3
低稳定组1.001.001.00
低增长组0.97(0.82-1.13)0.6611.15(0.74-1.79)0.5291.13(0.98-1.30)0.087
中增长组1.06(0.89-1.26)0.5250.85(0.51-1.40)0.5201.32(1.14-1.53)<0.001
高增长组1.51(1.20-1.91)<0.0010.81(0.37-1.78)0.5941.75(1.44-2.12)<0.001
模型4
低稳定组1.001.001.00
低增长组0.94(0.80-1.10)0.4261.29(0.83-2.02)0.2601.06(0.92-1.22)0.427
中增长组0.95(0.80-1.13)0.5461.02(0.61-1.69)0.9541.10(0.95-1.27)0.226
高增长组1.33(1.06-1.68)0.0151.02(0.46-2.26)0.9541.34(1.11-1.63)0.003
), ArticleFig(id=1241023948771619238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023938977919716, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同尿酸轨迹组与高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常Cox回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型高血压糖尿病血脂异常
HR(95%CI)PHR(95%CI)PHR(95%CI)P
模型1
低稳定组1.001.001.00
低增长组0.96(0.83-1.10)0.6261.24(0.81-1.89)0.3191.37(1.19-1.57)<0.001
中增长组1.11(0.94-1.30)0.2270.96(0.60-1.56)0.8731.89(1.64-2.18)<0.001
高增长组1.73(1.40-2.20)<0.0010.91(0.43-1.92)0.7992.76(2.29-3.31)<0.001
模型2
低稳定组1.001.001.00
低增长组1.07(0.92-1.25)0.4081.53(1.00-2.34)0.0531.35(1.17-1.55)<0.001
中增长组1.35(1.14-1.59)<0.0011.30(0.80-2.11)0.2931.84(1.59-2.13)<0.001
高增长组2.19(1.76-2.72)<0.0011.26(0.59-2.68)0.5522.68(2.22-3.22)<0.001
模型3
低稳定组1.001.001.00
低增长组0.97(0.82-1.13)0.6611.15(0.74-1.79)0.5291.13(0.98-1.30)0.087
中增长组1.06(0.89-1.26)0.5250.85(0.51-1.40)0.5201.32(1.14-1.53)<0.001
高增长组1.51(1.20-1.91)<0.0010.81(0.37-1.78)0.5941.75(1.44-2.12)<0.001
模型4
低稳定组1.001.001.00
低增长组0.94(0.80-1.10)0.4261.29(0.83-2.02)0.2601.06(0.92-1.22)0.427
中增长组0.95(0.80-1.13)0.5461.02(0.61-1.69)0.9541.10(0.95-1.27)0.226
高增长组1.33(1.06-1.68)0.0151.02(0.46-2.26)0.9541.34(1.11-1.63)0.003
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男性尿酸轨迹与高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的相关性研究
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贾雪妮 , 周瑜 , 蔡金彩 , 辛凤玲 , 胡滨 , 赵辉
现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025,52(3): 412-417
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现代预防医学 | 流行病与统计方法 2025, 52(3): 412-417
男性尿酸轨迹与高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的相关性研究
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贾雪妮, 周瑜, 蔡金彩, 辛凤玲, 胡滨, 赵辉
作者信息
  • 大连医科大学附属第二医院健康管理中心,辽宁 大连 116023
  • 贾雪妮(1999—),女,硕士,住院医师,研究方向:慢性病预防与管理

通讯作者:

赵辉,E-mail:
Research on the correlation between male uric acid trajectories and hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia
Xue-ni JIA, Yu ZHOU, Jin-cai CAI, Feng-ling XIN, Bin HU, Hui ZHAO
Affiliations
  • Health Management Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
出版时间: 2025-02-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202409297
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目的

分析健康体检男性人群尿酸轨迹变化导致高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常发生的相关性。

方法

本研究选取2012—2022年十年间大连医科大学附属第二医院健康管理中心符合纳排标准的5 316例男性人群,根据尿酸水平构建组基轨迹模型(GBTM)分组,利用Cox比例风险回归模型分析不同尿酸轨迹组分别发生高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的风险。

结果

研究对象分为低稳定组、低增长组、中增长组和高增长组。高增长组的高血压发生率显著高于低稳定组。调整混杂因素后Cox比例分析回归结果显示:与低稳定组相比,高增长组发生高血压的风险比为1.51(95%CI:1.20~1.91,P<0.001)。然而,尿酸轨迹变化与糖尿病的发生无明显相关性。尿酸轨迹变化与血脂异常之间存在显著相关性,随着尿酸水平增高,血脂异常发生率也越高;调整混杂因素后Cox比例分析回归结果显示:与低稳定组相比,高增长组发生血脂异常的风险比为1.75(95%CI:1.44~2.12,P<0.001)。

结论

在健康体检男性人群中,尿酸轨迹与高血压和血脂异常存在相关性,但与糖尿病的发生无明显相关性。

尿酸  /  高血压  /  糖尿病  /  血脂异常  /  组基轨迹模型
Objective

To analyze the correlation between changes in uric acid trajectories in a male population undergoing health check-ups and the occurrence of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.

Methods

This study selected 5 316 male subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from the Health Management Center of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University over a ten-year period from 2012 to 2022. A group-based trajectory model (GBTM) was constructed based on uric acid levels, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized to analyze the risks of developing hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia across different uric acid trajectory groups.

Results

The study participants were categorized into low stable, low increasing, moderate increasing, and high increasing groups. The incidence of hypertension in the high increasing group was significantly higher than that in the low stable group. After adjusting for confounding factors, the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis indicated that the risk of developing hypertension in the high increasing group was 1.51 times (95%CI: 1.20-1.91, P<0.001) compared to the low stable group. However, no significant correlation was found between changes in uric acid trajectories and the occurrence of diabetes. A significant correlation was observed between changes in uric acid trajectories and dyslipidemia; as uric acid levels increased, the incidence of dyslipidemia also rose. After adjusting for confounding factors, the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed that the risk of developing dyslipidemia in the high increasing group was 1.75 times (95%CI: 1.44-2.12, P<0.001) compared to the low stable group.

Conclusion

Among male individuals undergoing health check-ups, there is a correlation between uric acid trajectories and hypertension as well as dyslipidemia, yet no significant correlation with the occurrence of diabetes.

Uric acid  /  Hypertension  /  Diabetes  /  Dyslipidemia  /  Group-based trajectory model
贾雪妮, 周瑜, 蔡金彩, 辛凤玲, 胡滨, 赵辉. 男性尿酸轨迹与高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的相关性研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (3) : 412 -417 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202409297
Xue-ni JIA, Yu ZHOU, Jin-cai CAI, Feng-ling XIN, Bin HU, Hui ZHAO. Research on the correlation between male uric acid trajectories and hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (3) : 412 -417 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202409297
高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常是心血管疾病主要危险因素,其发生率和死亡率均呈逐年上升趋势[1-3],且这三种疾病给全世界带来的负担仍居高不下[4]。尿酸(UA)是嘌呤代谢的最终产物,尿酸水平持续升高进而形成高尿酸血症及痛风,会进一步损伤肾、骨关节等全身多个器官[5]。而男性尿酸水平、高尿酸血症及痛风的发生率均高于女性[6-8]。既往研究表明男性的尿酸水平与糖尿病和心血管疾病死亡风险增加相关[9-10]。而且,研究者们逐渐意识到,针对临床指标的长期观察较横断面单一时间点更能真实反应机体的动态变化,研究指标纵向演变与临床疾病相关性更符合人体实际,具有更高的准确性。组基轨迹模型(GBTM)能够将多个纵向时间点的指标水平通过模拟出最佳轨迹分组而进行人群分组,该模型算法被广泛应用于临床纵向数据分析。目前男性人群中尿酸的动态变化与高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常之间的相关性尚不明确,仍需进一步探究。由此,本研究选取2012—2022年大连地区男性健康体检人群数据,应用GBTM构建尿酸轨迹分组,进一步分析不同血尿酸轨迹变化与高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常发生的相关性。以此探讨男性人群尿酸轨迹在高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的健康管理中的应用价值,以期为进一步的健康管理提供参考。
本研究为回顾性队列研究,选取2012年1月1日—2022年12月31日于大连医科大学附属第二医院进行体检的男性人群,所有人群在研究期间至少有三次以上体检记录,共计13 323例作为研究对象。进一步排除基线时已经患有高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常人群;存在心脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、传染性疾病、严重慢性肾功能不全及慢性炎症人群。其中,严重慢性肾功能不全包括既往明确诊断为慢性肾功能不全或慢性肾脏病5期的人群,慢性炎症包括既往明确诊断为病毒性心肌炎、肾小球肾炎、慢性胃炎、溃疡性结肠炎、血管炎及强直性脊柱炎。最终5 316例患者进入研究分析。研究对象的纳排过程见图1
将纳入分析的研究对象首次体检的时间定义为基线时间。后续的体检作为随访观察,随访终点时间定义为:出现终点事件的时间或者最后一次体检的时间。终点事件为患者最终被确诊为高血压或糖尿病或血脂异常。随访时间间隔为随访终点时间与基线时间的月份差。
本研究遵循赫尔辛基宣言,并获得大连医科大学附属第二医院伦理委员会审批(审批号:大医二院伦快审2022第119号)。
收集研究对象在医院健康管理系统中的数据资料,包括基本信息、人体测量学指标和生化指标。(1)基本信息:年龄、性别、既往病史和用药史。(2)人体测量学指标:血压、身高和体重。体质指数(BMI)为体重(kg)除以身高(m)的二次方。(3)生化指标:受检者在夜间禁食12 h后,采集血液样本测定血常规[白细胞(WBC)、红细胞(RBC)、中性粒细胞绝对值(NEU)、淋巴细胞绝对值(LYM)、血红蛋白(Hb)、血小板(PLT)]、肝生化[丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GGT)、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)]、肾功能[肌酐(Scr)、尿酸(UA)]、空腹血糖(FBG)、血脂[总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)]。(4)影像学:完善肝胆脾超声及甲状腺超声检查,由专业医师进行诊断是否有甲状腺结节(TN)及脂肪肝(FLD)。
(1)高血压:既往存在高血压病史或正使用药物治疗或体检测得收缩压≥140 mm Hg和或舒张压≥90 mm Hg[11]。(2)糖尿病:既往存在糖尿病病史或正使用药物治疗或体检测得空腹血糖≥7.0 mmol/L[12]。(3)血脂异常:既往存在高脂血症病史或正使用药物治疗或体检测得TC≥6.2 mmol/L或TG≥2.3 mmol/L或HDL-C<1.0 mmol/L或LDL-C≥4.1 mmol/L[13]
采用Excel 2019表格对数据进行收集整理。在统计分析之前采用多重插补法对缺失值进行插补。采用Stata 17.0对尿酸水平进行GBTM建模,模型的拟合效果指标包括:(1)贝叶斯信息准则(Bayesian information Criterion,BIC)趋近于0;(2)平均后验概率(average posterior probability,AvePP)>0.7;(3)每个轨迹组比例(proportions per class)≥5%。采用R语言对受检者在基线时特征进行描述分析,计量资料若符合正态分布,则以()表示,组间比较采用F检验;若计量资料不符合正态分布,以M[Q1,Q3]表示,组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验;计数资料以人数(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。使用Kaplan-Meier法计算并比较各尿酸轨迹组高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的累积发生率,同时分别按基线尿酸水平和随访时间内尿酸增量水平对人群进行四分位分组,对比三种分组方法的三种疾病累积发生率。利用Cox比例风险回归模型分析不同尿酸轨迹组分别发生高血压、糖尿病及血脂异常的风险比(HR)及其95%CI。检验水准α=0.05。
本研究纳入男性受检者共5 316例。终点发生高血压的患者共1 298例,糖尿病170例,血脂异常为2 044例。基于GBTM算法最终确定低稳定组932例、低增长组2 559例、中增长组1 490例及高增长组335例,共四组尿酸轨迹,各组观察对象占比为18.12%、46.23%、28.85%和6.80%(均>5%);模型效果评价BIC为-112 855.80,AvePP为0.87、0.85、0.85和0.89(AvePP均>0.7)。四组最优阶数为线性、线性、线性和二次方。见图2
在四组间观察,血压、BMI、血常规指标、肝生化指标、肌酐、TC、TG、LDL-C水平存在组间差异,在高增长组中最高,在低稳定组中最低;而年龄、HDL-C、eGFR水平反而降低。甲状腺结节及脂肪肝的检出率均在低增长组中检出率最高。在高血压的随访中,与低稳定组相比,高增长组随访次数较少,在糖尿病和血脂异常的随访中也可见类似现象。见表1
低稳定组、低增长组、中增长组和高增长组终点发生高血压例数和占比分别为229(24.57%)、559(21.84%)、380(25.50%)和130例(38.81%),发生高血压的中位随访时间分别为121、121、109和84月;其中,高增长组的高血压发生率显著高于低稳定组(P<0.001),而中增长组和低增长组与低稳定组相比并未见明显差异,见图3A。上述四组发生糖尿病例数和占比分别为28(3.00%)、91(3.56%)、42(2.82%)和9例(2.69%),组间糖尿病发生率并无明显差异;四组发生血脂异常分别为263(28.22%)、890(34.78%)、691(46.38%)和200例(59.70%),中位随访时间分别为108、93、69及43月。可见,在四组间随着尿酸水平增高,血脂异常发生率也增高(P<0.001)。见图3B
为全面评估尿酸水平与疾病发生率的影响。我们对基线人群尿酸水平进行四分位分组,结果发现,与尿酸轨迹分组类似,高基线水平组的高血压发生率显著高于低基线水平组(P<0.001),而其他两组相比并未见明显差异,见图4A。基线尿酸四分位组糖尿病发生率并无明显差异。随着尿酸基线水平增高,血脂异常发生率也增高(P<0.001),见图4B。进一步按照随访时间尿酸增量四分位分组。结果可见,低尿酸增量组的高血压发生率显著高于高基线水平组(P<0.001),而其他两组相比并未见明显差异,见图4C。对比四组间糖尿病发生率并无明显差异。在四组间随着尿酸增量升高,血脂异常发生率降低(P<0.001),见图4D
不同尿酸轨迹组与高血压的Cox比例风险回归分析显示:与低稳定组相比,高增长组与高血压的发生呈显著相关(HR=1.73,P<0.001)。在模型2调整年龄后,可见中增长组和高增长组均与高血压的发生呈显著相关。但在模型2的基础上进一步调整其他混杂因素后,只有高增长组与高血压的发生呈显著相关。
不同尿酸轨迹组与糖尿病的Cox比例风险回归分析显示:四种尿酸轨迹组与糖尿病的相关性均不显著,经过调整混杂变量后仍未见相关性。
不同尿酸轨迹组与血脂异常的Cox比例风险回归分析显示:与低稳定组相比,其他三个尿酸轨迹组与血脂异常的发生风险均呈显著相关,且随着尿酸水平增高,发生血脂异常的风险比也越大。在调整多种混杂因素后,高增长组仍为血脂异常的危险因素。见表2
本研究首次应用十年纵向体检数据分析了男性人群不同尿酸轨迹变化,研究表明,与低稳定组比较,高增长组的血脂异常和高血压发生率显著增高;高增长组发生高血压和血脂异常的中位随访时间也显著短于其他三组。而且,高增长组发生高血压和血脂异常的风险均显著高于其他三组。因此,本研究提示在健康体检人群应注意长期尿酸水平的波动情况,避免高血压和血脂异常发生风险增高。
目前大量证据支持尿酸增高直接参与了高血压的发病机制和自然病程。高尿酸血症对高血压的影响可能涉及心血管疾病发病机制中的许多不同方面[14],其中包括高尿酸水平所致的炎症作用可能导致内皮功能障碍和血管损伤(血管痛风)[15]、胰岛素抵抗的中介效应[16]、尿酸对肾微血管的影响[17]等。一项尿酸轨迹与高血压发生风险研究表示,与低稳定组相比,男性中等增加组的风险最高,其次是高稳定组。值得注意的是,尿酸在正常范围内的低增长组也表现出高血压增加的风险[18]。同样,基于我国河南省体检人群的一项队列研究将尿酸分为低稳定组、中稳定组和高稳定组,研究结果显示高血压的发病率随着尿酸水平的升高而增加[19]。而在本研究中,仅在尿酸高增长组人群表现出高血压发生风险增加。
既往针对尿酸与糖尿病风险之间的相关性存在争议。在一项中国超重人群中观察发现,与低尿酸轨迹组相比,高尿酸轨迹组与糖尿病发病率之间呈显著相关,但仅在超重人群中可观察到该现象,而在非肥胖人群和肥胖人群中均未发现显著关联[20]。在一项为期五年的前瞻性队列研究中发现:与无高尿酸血症受试者相比,间歇性高尿酸血症和偶发性高尿酸血症者患糖尿病的风险分别高35%和48%,而持续性高尿酸血症受试者患糖尿病风险增加75%[21]。然而,在另一项孟德尔随机化研究中显示尿酸水平升高对糖尿病并没有因果影响[22]。在本研究,不同尿酸轨迹组发生糖尿病的风险并未见统计学差异。造成相关研究相悖的原因,可能与各研究的侧重人群和随访时间等因素相关。因此,后续研究可以针对尿酸长期纵向变化与糖尿病发生风险之间进行大范围人群的长期纵向观察。
本研究结果显示随着尿酸水平的增加,血脂异常的发生风险也显著增加。一项美国的横断面研究显示,美国成年人中尿酸水平与高胆固醇血症之间存在强烈的正相关,表明尿酸增高可能导致高胆固醇血症发生风险增加[23]。在日本进行的一项为期五年的队列研究同样显示:随着尿酸水平的升高,低密度脂蛋白和高胆固醇血症的风险增加[24]。尿酸和血脂异常的潜在机制尚不明确。相关研究表明,高细胞内尿酸水平可导致线粒体氧化应激增加进而导致高血脂。例如,在Yang等人[25]的一项体外研究中,与对照细胞相比,经不同浓度尿酸处理的肝细胞表现出凋亡活性增加、活性氧(ROS)积累和8-羟基脱氧鸟苷水平升高,表明线粒体DNA受损。这种线粒体功能障碍可能导致柠檬酸盐释放到细胞质中,启动脂肪生成和甘油三酯合成。
本研究通过GBTM轨迹分组识别尿酸纵向时间变化模式,相较于基线尿酸的分组和考虑到时间变化的尿酸增量变化分组,更准确的反应了长时间范围内尿酸指标与高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常的风险。本研究也存在以下局限性:一是,由于回顾性体检数据收据,饮食、生活方式等混杂因素缺失较多,未纳入研究分析;二是,糖尿病的诊断依据患者自诉既往有糖尿病史及体检时测得空腹血糖>7 mmol/L,缺少餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白等相关指标,因此对糖尿病的发病率可能造成一定的影响;三是,纳排标准中未对服用影响降尿酸药物的人群进行排除。
综上所述,男性体检人群尿酸水平越高、变化趋势越大,罹患高血压及血脂异常的风险越高;而部分新发高血压及血脂异常的患者在发病前尿酸可能处于持续高水平,这也强调了尿酸监测在高血压和血脂异常的预防控制中的重要作用。
  • 辽宁省教育厅课题面上项目(JYTMS20230602)
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202409297
  • 接收时间:2024-09-17
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-02-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-09-17
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辽宁省教育厅课题面上项目(JYTMS20230602)
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    大连医科大学附属第二医院健康管理中心,辽宁 大连 116023

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
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Genus
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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