首页 期刊 论文 学科刊群 资讯 加盟 关于
EN
image
Article(id=1241023850629099756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241023847537897695, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1723046400000, receivedDateStr=2024-08-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773812743098, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1737734400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773812743098, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773812743098, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773812743098, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241023847537897695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='2', pageStart='193', pageEnd='384', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773812742361, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773812823817, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241024189247845056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241023847537897695, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241024189247845057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1241023847537897695, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=253, endPage=259, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241023850876563696, articleId=1241023850629099756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Impact of tea drinking on cognitive function among Chinese elderly: the mediating role of activities of daily living and depression, columnId=1228016572783063333, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Nutrition and Food Hygiene, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the effect of tea intake on cognitive function in the elderly and the mediating role of relationship of impaired activities of daily living (ADLs) and depressive states.

Methods

The data for this study came from the 2018 China Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey (CLHLS), which included a total of 8,818 valid samples. The logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of frequency and type of tea drinking on cognitive function in the elderly, and the possible mechanism of this effect was further explored using a chain multiple mediation model.

Results

The elderly who regularly consumed tea were less likely to develop cognitive impairment (OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.95), in which only green tea consumption was observed to be a protective factor for the development of cognitive impairment (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.65-1.00), and no significant evidence was found for other types of tea. Impaired activities of daily living and depressive state mediated the effect of regular tea consumption on cognitive functioning, with beta values and 95%CIs of -0.005 (-0.008--0.001) and -0.005(-0.007--0.003), while the continuous mediating effects of the two mediating variables, although significant, had β-values that were too small and effects that accounted for too little to be of practical significance.

Conclusion

Regular tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of developing cognitive impairment in the elderly, especially among those who consume green tea. Impairment in activities of daily living and depression levels almost exclusively mediated the association between tea consumption and cognitive function.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Shi-wen LI, Yang LIU, Ji-bin LI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1241023854374613317, articleId=1241023850629099756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=中国老年人饮茶对认知功能的影响：日常生活活动和抑郁的中介作用, columnId=1228016573034721597, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=营养与食品卫生, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

本研究旨在调查茶的摄入情况对老年人认知功能的影响，以及日常生活活动障碍和抑郁状态在该关系中的中介作用。

方法

本研究数据来源于2018年中国纵向健康长寿调查（CLHLS），共纳入有效样本8 818个。使用logistic回归分析饮茶频率和种类对老年人的认知功能的影响，以及使用链式多重中介模型进一步探讨了该效应的可能机制。

结果

经常饮茶的老年人发生认知障碍的可能性较低（OR=0.80，95%CI：0.68~0.95），其中观察到只有饮用绿茶是认知障碍发生的保护因素（OR=0.81，95%CI：0.65~1.00），其他种类茶未发现显著证据。日常生活活动障碍和抑郁状态对经常饮茶对认知功能有中介作用，β值和95%CI分别为-0.005（-0.008~-0.001）和-0.005（-0.007~-0.003），而两个中介变量的连续中介效应虽然显著，但是β值太小，效应占比太小，没有实际意义。

结论

经常饮茶与老年人认知障碍发生风险降低有关，尤其是在摄入绿茶的老年人中。日常生活活动障碍和抑郁水平几乎完全介导了饮茶与认知功能之间的关联。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
李继斌，E-mail：
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点，除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=YXmaDEe9Te0AZuKhP+3q5w==, magXml=5Q8DzUO6YpP9FTlGO/BqCA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=E3bCLuO7zTodklAyLoDcBg==, pdfFileSize=819123, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=lUFNg7vvnCgPO18e3FItTA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=V/P3LDBkiN1cBlDHmRGs6Q==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

李世文（1999—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与慢性病

, authorsList=李世文, 刘杨, 李继斌)}, authors=[Author(id=1241023855268000120, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241023855431577985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, authorId=1241023855268000120, language=EN, stringName=Shi-wen LI, firstName=Shi-wen, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Nutrition and Food Hygiene Teaching and Research Office, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241023855729373580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, authorId=1241023855268000120, language=CN, stringName=李世文, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆　400016, bio={"content":"

李世文（1999—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与慢性病

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

李世文（1999—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与慢性病

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241023855096033644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023855104422255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, companyId=1241023855096033644, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Nutrition and Food Hygiene Teaching and Research Office, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023855112810863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, companyId=1241023855096033644, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆　400016)])]), Author(id=1241023855834231187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241023856006197661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, authorId=1241023855834231187, language=EN, stringName=Yang LIU, firstName=Yang, middleName=null, lastName=LIU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Nutrition and Food Hygiene Teaching and Research Office, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241023856132026788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, authorId=1241023855834231187, language=CN, stringName=刘杨, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆　400016, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241023855096033644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023855104422255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, companyId=1241023855096033644, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Nutrition and Food Hygiene Teaching and Research Office, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023855112810863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, companyId=1241023855096033644, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆　400016)])]), Author(id=1241023856270438831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=100091@cqmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241023856404656566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, authorId=1241023856270438831, language=EN, stringName=Ji-bin LI, firstName=Ji-bin, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Nutrition and Food Hygiene Teaching and Research Office, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241023856517902783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, authorId=1241023856270438831, language=CN, stringName=李继斌, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆　400016, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241023855096033644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023855104422255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, companyId=1241023855096033644, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Nutrition and Food Hygiene Teaching and Research Office, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023855112810863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, companyId=1241023855096033644, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆　400016)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1241023856677286352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=Elderly), Keyword(id=1241023856786338268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=Tea), Keyword(id=1241023857079939564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=Cognitive function), Keyword(id=1241023858698940929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Cognitive impairment), Keyword(id=1241023858816381451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=Mediation analysis), Keyword(id=1241023858958987797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=老年人), Keyword(id=1241023859059651107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=茶), Keyword(id=1241023859151925802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=认知功能), Keyword(id=1241023859231617586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=认知障碍), Keyword(id=1241023859395195459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=中介分析)], refs=[Reference(id=1241023861588816676, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=5, issue=12, pageStart=e661, pageEnd=e671, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Jia LF, Du YF, Chu L, journalName=The Lancet. Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jia LF, Du YF, Chu L, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older in China: a cross-sectional study[J]. The Lancet. Public Health, 2020, 5(12): e661-e671., articleTitle=Prevalence, risk factors, and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older in China: a cross-sectional study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023863123931957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=23, issue=3, pageStart=219, pageEnd=256, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=王刚, 齐金蕾, 刘馨雅, journalName=诊断学理论与实践, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王刚，齐金蕾，刘馨雅，等．中国阿尔茨海默病报告2024[J].诊断学理论与实践，2024, 23(3): 219-256., articleTitle=中国阿尔茨海默病报告2024, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023863279121220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=23, issue=3, pageStart=219, pageEnd=256, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Wang G, Qi JL, Liu XY, journalName=Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang G, Qi JL, Liu XY, et al. Report of Alzheimer’s disease in China 2024[J]. Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, 2024, 23(3): 219-256. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Report of Alzheimer’s disease in China 2024, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023863413338961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=175, issue=9, pageStart=1201, pageEnd=1211, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Inoue-Choi M, Ramirez Y, Cornelis MC, journalName=Annals of Internal Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Inoue-Choi M, Ramirez Y, Cornelis MC, et al. Tea consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the UK biobank: a prospective cohort study[J]. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2022, 175(9): 1201-1211., articleTitle=Tea consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the UK biobank: a prospective cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023863493030747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=449, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Chen YC, Zhang Y, Zhang MN, journalName=BMC Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen YC, Zhang Y, Zhang MN, et al. Consumption of coffee and tea with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study[J]. BMC Medicine, 2022, 20(1): 449., articleTitle=Consumption of coffee and tea with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023863606276970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=65, issue=1, pageStart=99, pageEnd=105, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Feng L, Langsetmo L, Yaffe K, journalName=Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease: JAD, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Feng L, Langsetmo L, Yaffe K, et al. No effects of black tea on cognitive decline among older US men: a prospective cohort study[J]. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease: JAD, 2018, 65(1): 99-105., articleTitle=No effects of black tea on cognitive decline among older US men: a prospective cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023863706940275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=447, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Zhang J, Wang AX, Zhang XL, journalName=BMC Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang J, Wang AX, Zhang XL, et al. Association between tea consumption and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2020, 20(1): 447., articleTitle=Association between tea consumption and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023863803409281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=23, issue=1, pageStart=843, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Yuan YY, Peng CM, Burr JA, journalName=BMC Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yuan YY, Peng CM, Burr JA, et al. Frailty, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: an eight-year multi-trajectory analysis[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2023, 23(1): 843., articleTitle=Frailty, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: an eight-year multi-trajectory analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023863887295373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=61, issue=5, pageStart=338, pageEnd=352, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Jilili M, Liu L, journalName=Social Work in Health Care, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jilili M, Liu L. Examining the impact of functional disability and cognitive impairment on mental health of Chinese elderly[J]. Social Work in Health Care, 2022, 61(5): 338-352., articleTitle=Examining the impact of functional disability and cognitive impairment on mental health of Chinese elderly, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023864029901720, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Ma YH, Zhu YY, Hong DD, journalName=Frontiers in Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma YH, Zhu YY, Hong DD, et al. Association between tea drinking and disability levels in older Chinese adults: a longitudinal analysis[J]. Frontiers in Nutrition, 2023, 10: 1233664., articleTitle=Association between tea drinking and disability levels in older Chinese adults: a longitudinal analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023864130565023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=10, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Tian G, Li R, Cui YR, journalName=Frontiers in Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tian G, Li R, Cui YR, et al. Association between disability, social support and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: A National study[J]. Frontiers in Public Health, 2022, 10: 980465., articleTitle=Association between disability, social support and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: A National study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023864231228331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=20, issue=1, pageStart=21, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Du M, Tao LY, Zhu L, journalName=Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Du M, Tao LY, Zhu L, et al. Association between biomass fuel use and the risk of cognitive impairment among older populations in China: a population-based cohort study[J]. Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source, 2021, 20(1): 21., articleTitle=Association between biomass fuel use and the risk of cognitive impairment among older populations in China: a population-based cohort study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023864344474547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=33, issue=9, pageStart=20, pageEnd=23, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=12, authorNames=任旭龙, 邓吉宝, journalName=中国疗养医学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=任旭龙，邓吉宝．吸烟与老年人认知功能的相关性——基于CLHLS数据的分析[J].中国疗养医学，2024, 33(9): 20-23., articleTitle=吸烟与老年人认知功能的相关性——基于CLHLS数据的分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023864466109373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=33, issue=9, pageStart=20, pageEnd=23, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Ren XL, Deng JB, journalName=Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ren XL, Deng JB. Correlation between smoking and cognitive function in the elderly-analysis based on CLHLS data[J]. Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine, 2024, 33(9): 20-23. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Correlation between smoking and cognitive function in the elderly-analysis based on CLHLS data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023864621298638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=16, issue=16, pageStart=2847, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Zhang QL, Wu YL, Han TK, journalName=International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang QL, Wu YL, Han TK, et al. Changes in cognitive function and risk factors for cognitive impairment of the elderly in China: 2005-2014[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019, 16(16): 2847., articleTitle=Changes in cognitive function and risk factors for cognitive impairment of the elderly in China: 2005-2014, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023864742933468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=51, issue=5, pageStart=1500, pageEnd=1503, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=15, authorNames=李振科, 魏毛妮, 姬松波, journalName=国际精神病学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李振科，魏毛妮，姬松波．老年帕金森病患者抑郁现状及与认知功能的关系[J].国际精神病学杂志，2024, 51(5): 1500-1503., articleTitle=老年帕金森病患者抑郁现状及与认知功能的关系, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023864860373992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=51, issue=5, pageStart=1500, pageEnd=1503, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Li ZK, Wei MN, Ji SB, journalName=Journal of International Psychiatry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li ZK, Wei MN, Ji SB. Depression status in elderly Parkinson’s disease patients and its correlation with cognitive function[J]. Journal of International Psychiatry, 2024, 51(5): 1500-1503. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Depression status in elderly Parkinson’s disease patients and its correlation with cognitive function, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023864982008821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=78, issue=4, pageStart=426, pageEnd=432, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Gabriel A, Zare H, Jones W, journalName=JAMA Psychiatry (Chicago, Ill.), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Gabriel A, Zare H, Jones W, et al. Evaluating depressive symptoms among Low-Socioeconomic-Status African American women aged 40 to 75 years with uncontrolled hypertension: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Psychiatry (Chicago, Ill.), 2021, 78(4): 426-432., articleTitle=Evaluating depressive symptoms among Low-Socioeconomic-Status African American women aged 40 to 75 years with uncontrolled hypertension: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023865099449344, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=19, issue=8, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Uchida K, Meno K, Korenaga T, journalName=PLOS One, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Uchida K, Meno K, Korenaga T, et al. Effect of matcha green tea on cognitive functions and sleep quality in older adults with cognitive decline: A randomized controlled study over 12 months[J]. PLOS One, 2024, 19(8): e0309287., articleTitle=Effect of matcha green tea on cognitive functions and sleep quality in older adults with cognitive decline: A randomized controlled study over 12 months, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023865191723015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=12, issue=1, pageStart=171, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Hu HY, Wu BS, Ou YN, journalName=Translational Psychiatry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hu HY, Wu BS, Ou YN, et al. Tea consumption and risk of incident dementia: A prospective cohort study of 377 592 UK Biobank participants[J]. Translational Psychiatry, 2022, 12(1): 171., articleTitle=Tea consumption and risk of incident dementia: A prospective cohort study of 377 592 UK Biobank participants, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023865288192016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=3, pageStart=326, pageEnd=330, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=20, authorNames=蔡菡, 徐磊, 王小泉, journalName=精神医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=蔡菡，徐磊，王小泉．饮茶对老年人群认知功能的影响及作用机制研究进展[J].精神医学杂志，2023, 36(3): 326-330., articleTitle=饮茶对老年人群认知功能的影响及作用机制研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023865384661014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=36, issue=3, pageStart=326, pageEnd=330, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Cai H, Xu L, Wang XQ, journalName=Journal of Psychiatry, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai H, Xu L, Wang XQ. Research progress on the influence of tea drinking on cognitive function and its action mechanism in the elderly population[J]. Journal of Psychiatry, 2023, 36(3): 326-330. (In Chinese), articleTitle=Research progress on the influence of tea drinking on cognitive function and its action mechanism in the elderly population, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023865497907230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=25, issue=18, pageStart=4265, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Baba YST, Inagaki S, Nakagawa SE, journalName=Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Baba YST, Inagaki S, Nakagawa SE, et al. Effect of daily intake of green tea catechins on cognitive function inmiddle-aged and older subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled study[J]. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2020, 25(18): 4265., articleTitle=Effect of daily intake of green tea catechins on cognitive function inmiddle-aged and older subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023865606959141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=13, issue=11, pageStart=4080, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Vernuccio L, journalName=Nutrients, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Vernuccio L, et al. Nutrition, physical activity, and other lifestyle factors in the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(11): 4080., articleTitle=Nutrition, physical activity, and other lifestyle factors in the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023865741176877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=9, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Xie XY, Wan J, Zheng X, journalName=Frontiers in Nutrition, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xie XY, Wan J, Zheng X, et al. Synergistic effects of epigallocatechin gallate and l-theanine in nerve repair and regeneration by anti-amyloid damage, promoting metabolism, and nourishing nerve cells[J]. Frontiers in Nutrition, 2022, 9: 951415., articleTitle=Synergistic effects of epigallocatechin gallate and l-theanine in nerve repair and regeneration by anti-amyloid damage, promoting metabolism, and nourishing nerve cells, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023865875394615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=7, issue=9, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Jennings A, Thompson AS, Tresserra-Rimbau A, journalName=JAMA Network Open, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jennings A, Thompson AS, Tresserra-Rimbau A, et al. Flavonoid-Rich foods, dementia risk, and interactions with genetic risk, hypertension, and depression[J]. JAMA Network Open, 2024, 7(9): e2434136., articleTitle=Flavonoid-Rich foods, dementia risk, and interactions with genetic risk, hypertension, and depression, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023865967669313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=22, issue=1, pageStart=148, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Chiu CJ, Li ML, Chou CY, journalName=BMC Geriatrics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chiu CJ, Li ML, Chou CY. Trends and biopsychosocial correlates of physical disabilities amongolder men and women in Taiwan: examination based on ADL, IADL, mobility, and frailty[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2022, 22(1): 148., articleTitle=Trends and biopsychosocial correlates of physical disabilities amongolder men and women in Taiwan: examination based on ADL, IADL, mobility, and frailty, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1241023866076721223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2024, volume=24, issue=1, pageStart=1884, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Zhou LN, Wang W, Ma XC, journalName=BMC Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou LN, Wang W, Ma XC. The bidirectional association between the disability in activities of daily living and depression: a longitudinal study in Chinese middle-aged and older adults[J]. BMC Public Health, 2024, 24(1): 1884., articleTitle=The bidirectional association between the disability in activities of daily living and depression: a longitudinal study in Chinese middle-aged and older adults, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241023855096033644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023855104422255, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, companyId=1241023855096033644, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Nutrition and Food Hygiene Teaching and Research Office, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241023855112810863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, companyId=1241023855096033644, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆　400016)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241023859533607505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=The flow chart of sample screening, figureFileSmall=BiLncmdVqGX0AYZ7ozGfLQ==, figureFileBig=lUFNg7vvnCgPO18e3FItTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023859655242332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, label=图1, caption=样本筛查流程图, figureFileSmall=BiLncmdVqGX0AYZ7ozGfLQ==, figureFileBig=lUFNg7vvnCgPO18e3FItTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023859994980988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Chain-mediated model of effects of regular tea drinking (X) on cognitive impairment (Y) through the mediators, ADL (M1) and depressive level (M2), figureFileSmall=GHOrTFP7wTKEpUjOiDiHVQ==, figureFileBig=bonRrcGavZjid1aGDMb4wg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023860208890502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, label=图2, caption=经常饮茶（X）通过ADL（M1）和抑郁水平（M2）对认知障碍（Y）的链式中介模型

注：*P<0.05;**P<0.01;***P<0.001。

, figureFileSmall=GHOrTFP7wTKEpUjOiDiHVQ==, figureFileBig=bonRrcGavZjid1aGDMb4wg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241023860389245592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Baseline characteristics of the participants by tea intake frequencies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目总计
（n=8 818）		茶摄入频率统计量P值
几乎不喝
（n=6 397）		偶尔喝
（n=780）		每天都喝
（n=1 641）
年龄(岁,)82.97±10.9383.75±10.9881.66±10.9180.55±10.32125.74a<0.001
ADL评分(分,)0.40±1.040.40±1.100.39±1.060.22±0.7840.00a<0.001
抑郁评分(分,)7.25±3.807.49±3.817.00±3.686.42±3.2143.40a<0.001
心率(次,)75.22±10.5975.51±10.7274.69±10.2974.33±10.2012.80a<0.01
性别[n(%)]457.03b<0.001
女4 636(52.6)3 791(59.3)344(44.1)501(30.5)
男4 182(47.4)2 606(40.7)436(55.9)1 140(69.5)
居住地[n(%)]173.96b<0.001
农村6 933(78.6)5 256(82.2)536(68.7)1 141(69.5)
城市1 885(21.4)1 141(17.8)244(31.3)500(30.5)
婚姻状况[n(%)]185.90b<0.001
已婚4 242(48.1)2 813(44.0)421(54.0)1 008(61.4)
离异30(0.3)25(0.4)1(0.1)4(0.2)
丧偶4 479(50.8)3 518(55.0)353(45.3)608(37.1)
从未结婚67(0.8)41(0.6)5(0.6)21(1.3)
蔬菜摄入[n(%)]27.44b<0.001
不常吃786(8.9)631(9.9)58(7.4)97(5.9)
常吃8 032(91.1)5 766(90.1)722(92.6)1 544(94.1)
水果摄入[n(%)]68.91b<0.001
不常吃4 787(54.3)3 646(57.0)366(46.9)775(47.2)
常吃4 031(45.7)2 751(43.0)414(53.1)866(52.8)
BMI(kg/m2,)20.15±9.0719.77±9.2821.01±8.8521.24±8.2168.40a<0.001
是否体检[n(%)]3.92b0.141
否2 457(27.9)1 804(28.2)227(29.1)426(26.0)
是6 361(72.1)4 593(71.8)553(70.9)1 215(74.0)
认知障碍[n(%)]154.98b<0.001
无6 485(73.5)4 477(70.0)628(80.5)1 380(84.1)
有2 333(26.5)1 920(30.0)152(19.5)261(15.9)
受教育年限[年,]3.04±4.072.49±3.713.89±4.384.82±4.65468.72a<0.001
经济状况[n(%)]27.84b<0.001
不够用1 181(13.4)932(14.6)82(10.5)167(10.2)
够用7 637(86.6)5 465(85.4)698(89.5)1 474(89.8)
吸烟状况[n(%)]472.04b<0.001
不吸烟5 970(67.7)4 729(73.9)480(61.5)761(46.4)
当前吸烟1 474(16.7)842(13.2)157(20.1)475(28.9)
戒烟1 374(15.6)826(12.9)143(18.3)405(24.7)
饮酒状况[n(%)]301.00b<0.001
不饮酒6 327(71.8)4 887(76.4)519(66.5)921(56.1)
正在饮酒1 424(16.1)810(12.7)159(20.4)455(27.7)
戒酒1 067(12.1)700(10.9)102(13.1)265(16.1)
经常运动[n(%)]167.81b<0.001
无6 328(71.8)4 832(75.5)503(64.5)993(60.5)
有2 490(28.2)1 565(24.5)277(35.5)648(39.5)
是否跌倒[n(%)]5.29b0.071
无7 006(79.5)5 046(78.9)624(80.0)1 336(81.4)
有1 812(20.5)1 351(21.1)156(20.0)305(18.6)
测量血压[n(%)]0.20b0.905
正常4 545(51.5)3 288(51.4)406(52.1)851(51.9)
偏高4 273(48.5)3 109(48.6)374(47.9)790(48.1)
患糖尿病[n(%)]2.46b0.292
无8 744(99.2)6 348(99.2)774(99.2)1 622(98.8)
有74(0.8)49(0.8)6(0.8)19(1.2)
高血压[n(%)]2.09b0.352
正常8 600(97.5)6 241(97.6)755(96.8)1 604(97.7)
偏高218(2.5)156(2.4)25(3.2)37(2.3)
患中风或脑血管疾病[n(%)]5.19b0.075
无8 458(95.9)6 117(95.6)755(96.8)1 586(96.6)
有360(4.1)280(4.4)25(3.2)55(3.4)
), ArticleFig(id=1241023860615738028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

按茶摄入频率进行参与者分组的基线特征及单因素分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目总计
（n=8 818）		茶摄入频率统计量P值
几乎不喝
（n=6 397）		偶尔喝
（n=780）		每天都喝
（n=1 641）
年龄(岁,)82.97±10.9383.75±10.9881.66±10.9180.55±10.32125.74a<0.001
ADL评分(分,)0.40±1.040.40±1.100.39±1.060.22±0.7840.00a<0.001
抑郁评分(分,)7.25±3.807.49±3.817.00±3.686.42±3.2143.40a<0.001
心率(次,)75.22±10.5975.51±10.7274.69±10.2974.33±10.2012.80a<0.01
性别[n(%)]457.03b<0.001
女4 636(52.6)3 791(59.3)344(44.1)501(30.5)
男4 182(47.4)2 606(40.7)436(55.9)1 140(69.5)
居住地[n(%)]173.96b<0.001
农村6 933(78.6)5 256(82.2)536(68.7)1 141(69.5)
城市1 885(21.4)1 141(17.8)244(31.3)500(30.5)
婚姻状况[n(%)]185.90b<0.001
已婚4 242(48.1)2 813(44.0)421(54.0)1 008(61.4)
离异30(0.3)25(0.4)1(0.1)4(0.2)
丧偶4 479(50.8)3 518(55.0)353(45.3)608(37.1)
从未结婚67(0.8)41(0.6)5(0.6)21(1.3)
蔬菜摄入[n(%)]27.44b<0.001
不常吃786(8.9)631(9.9)58(7.4)97(5.9)
常吃8 032(91.1)5 766(90.1)722(92.6)1 544(94.1)
水果摄入[n(%)]68.91b<0.001
不常吃4 787(54.3)3 646(57.0)366(46.9)775(47.2)
常吃4 031(45.7)2 751(43.0)414(53.1)866(52.8)
BMI(kg/m2,)20.15±9.0719.77±9.2821.01±8.8521.24±8.2168.40a<0.001
是否体检[n(%)]3.92b0.141
否2 457(27.9)1 804(28.2)227(29.1)426(26.0)
是6 361(72.1)4 593(71.8)553(70.9)1 215(74.0)
认知障碍[n(%)]154.98b<0.001
无6 485(73.5)4 477(70.0)628(80.5)1 380(84.1)
有2 333(26.5)1 920(30.0)152(19.5)261(15.9)
受教育年限[年,]3.04±4.072.49±3.713.89±4.384.82±4.65468.72a<0.001
经济状况[n(%)]27.84b<0.001
不够用1 181(13.4)932(14.6)82(10.5)167(10.2)
够用7 637(86.6)5 465(85.4)698(89.5)1 474(89.8)
吸烟状况[n(%)]472.04b<0.001
不吸烟5 970(67.7)4 729(73.9)480(61.5)761(46.4)
当前吸烟1 474(16.7)842(13.2)157(20.1)475(28.9)
戒烟1 374(15.6)826(12.9)143(18.3)405(24.7)
饮酒状况[n(%)]301.00b<0.001
不饮酒6 327(71.8)4 887(76.4)519(66.5)921(56.1)
正在饮酒1 424(16.1)810(12.7)159(20.4)455(27.7)
戒酒1 067(12.1)700(10.9)102(13.1)265(16.1)
经常运动[n(%)]167.81b<0.001
无6 328(71.8)4 832(75.5)503(64.5)993(60.5)
有2 490(28.2)1 565(24.5)277(35.5)648(39.5)
是否跌倒[n(%)]5.29b0.071
无7 006(79.5)5 046(78.9)624(80.0)1 336(81.4)
有1 812(20.5)1 351(21.1)156(20.0)305(18.6)
测量血压[n(%)]0.20b0.905
正常4 545(51.5)3 288(51.4)406(52.1)851(51.9)
偏高4 273(48.5)3 109(48.6)374(47.9)790(48.1)
患糖尿病[n(%)]2.46b0.292
无8 744(99.2)6 348(99.2)774(99.2)1 622(98.8)
有74(0.8)49(0.8)6(0.8)19(1.2)
高血压[n(%)]2.09b0.352
正常8 600(97.5)6 241(97.6)755(96.8)1 604(97.7)
偏高218(2.5)156(2.4)25(3.2)37(2.3)
患中风或脑血管疾病[n(%)]5.19b0.075
无8 458(95.9)6 117(95.6)755(96.8)1 586(96.6)
有360(4.1)280(4.4)25(3.2)55(3.4)
), ArticleFig(id=1241023860758344382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Associations of frequency of tea intake and cognitive impairment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型几乎不喝偶尔喝茶
OR（95% CI）		P值经常喝茶
OR（95% CI）		P值
粗略模型0.56(0.47~0.68)<0.0010.44(0.38~0.51)<0.001
模型1Ref.0.77(0.63~0.96)0.0180.76(0.64~0.89)0.001
模型20.81(0.65~1.00)0.0530.80(0.68~0.95)0.011
模型30.81(0.65~1.00)0.0550.80(0.68~0.95)0.011
), ArticleFig(id=1241023860909339345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

茶摄入频率与认知障碍的logistic回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型几乎不喝偶尔喝茶
OR（95% CI）		P值经常喝茶
OR（95% CI）		P值
粗略模型0.56(0.47~0.68)<0.0010.44(0.38~0.51)<0.001
模型1Ref.0.77(0.63~0.96)0.0180.76(0.64~0.89)0.001
模型20.81(0.65~1.00)0.0530.80(0.68~0.95)0.011
模型30.81(0.65~1.00)0.0550.80(0.68~0.95)0.011
), ArticleFig(id=1241023861030974175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Associations of types of tea intake and cognitive impairment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型不喝茶绿茶
OR（95% CI）		P值发酵茶
OR（95% CI）		P值花茶
OR（95% CI）		P值
粗略模型Ref.0.43(0.36~0.51)<0.0010.68(0.56~0.83)<0.0010.52(0.40~0.67)<0.001
模型10.76(0.61~0.93)0.0090.99(0.79~1.25)0.9720.75(0.56~1.02)0.070
模型20.81(0.65~1.00)0.0471.03(0.82~1.31)0.7750.79(0.58~1.07)0.127
模型30.81(0.65~1.00)0.0501.02(0.81~1.30)0.8240.79(0.58~1.07)0.131
), ArticleFig(id=1241023861160997613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

茶摄入种类与认知障碍的logistic回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型不喝茶绿茶
OR（95% CI）		P值发酵茶
OR（95% CI）		P值花茶
OR（95% CI）		P值
粗略模型Ref.0.43(0.36~0.51)<0.0010.68(0.56~0.83)<0.0010.52(0.40~0.67)<0.001
模型10.76(0.61~0.93)0.0090.99(0.79~1.25)0.9720.75(0.56~1.02)0.070
模型20.81(0.65~1.00)0.0471.03(0.82~1.31)0.7750.79(0.58~1.07)0.127
模型30.81(0.65~1.00)0.0501.02(0.81~1.30)0.8240.79(0.58~1.07)0.131
), ArticleFig(id=1241023861270049533, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Bootstrapping indirect effects and 95% confidence intervals for the final mediation model

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目效应值（Bootstrap 95%CI）Boot标准误P值
总效应X→Y-0.023(-0.042~-0.003)0.0100.024
直接效应X→Y-0.013(-0.032~-0.006)0.0100.181
总间接效应-0.010(-0.014~-0.005)0.002<0.001
间接效应（X→M1→Y）-0.005(-0.008~-0.001)0.0010.012
间接效应（X→M2→Y）-0.005(-0.007~-0.003)0.001<0.001
间接效应（X→M1→M2→Y）-0.000(-0.000~-0.000)0.0000.030
), ArticleFig(id=1241023861395878669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1241023850629099756, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

经常饮茶（X）通过ADL（M1）和抑郁状态（M2）对认知障碍（Y）的直接和间接效应检验

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目效应值（Bootstrap 95%CI）Boot标准误P值
总效应X→Y-0.023(-0.042~-0.003)0.0100.024
直接效应X→Y-0.013(-0.032~-0.006)0.0100.181
总间接效应-0.010(-0.014~-0.005)0.002<0.001
间接效应（X→M1→Y）-0.005(-0.008~-0.001)0.0010.012
间接效应（X→M2→Y）-0.005(-0.007~-0.003)0.001<0.001
间接效应（X→M1→M2→Y）-0.000(-0.000~-0.000)0.0000.030
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1227664546253402114, delFlag=0, nameCn=现代预防医学, nameEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1003-8507, eissn=null, cn=51-1365/R, coden=null, periodic=3, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770627636734, updatedTime=1770628902248, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, picEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1227669854342280188, language=CN, name=现代预防医学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902278, updatedTime=1770628902278, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1227669854396806141, language=EN, name=Modern Preventive Medicine, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770628902291, updatedTime=1770628902291, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/regist, submissionEditorUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionReviewUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/#/Login, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1227665162245664772, websiteList=[Website(id=1227687234141352800, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770633045945, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633090526, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=现代预防医学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687735088051072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633165380, updateTime=1770633165380, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735071273853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633165376, updateTime=1770633165376, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735113216899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165386, updateTime=1770633165386, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735062885244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633165374, updateTime=1770633165374, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735125799813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165389, updateTime=1770633165389, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735083856767, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770633165379, updateTime=1770633165379, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735121605508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633165388, updateTime=1770633165388, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735079662462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770633165378, updateTime=1770633165378, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735096439681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633165382, updateTime=1770633165382, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687735104828290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234141352800, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633165384, updateTime=1770633165384, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1227687234338485094, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1227665162245664772, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770633045992, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770633115374, updateBy=18614031015, name=现代预防医学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Modern Preventive Medicine, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1227687709129507332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770633159191, updateTime=1770633159191, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709108535809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770633159186, updateTime=1770633159186, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709167256071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159200, updateTime=1770633159200, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709095952896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/XB5plC0xuykmQnycvtyrw==, createTime=1770633159183, updateTime=1770633159183, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709179838985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159203, updateTime=1770633159203, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709121118723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770633159189, updateTime=1770633159189, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709171450376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770633159201, updateTime=1770633159201, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709112730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770633159187, updateTime=1770633159187, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709133701637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770633159192, updateTime=1770633159192, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1227687709154673158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1227687234338485094, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770633159197, updateTime=1770633159197, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=现代预防医学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://xdyfyxzz.paperopen.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Modern Preventive Medicine, journalPhotoCn=IeiuPXEZi6AA+k0VfvoiOQ==, journalPhotoEn=/9iTl8/ndms4tBz1fL28Pg==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/EN/PDF/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
中国老年人饮茶对认知功能的影响：日常生活活动和抑郁的中介作用
收藏切换
PDF下载
李世文 , 刘杨 , 李继斌
现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2025,52(2): 253-259
收起
收藏切换
现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2025, 52(2): 253-259
中国老年人饮茶对认知功能的影响：日常生活活动和抑郁的中介作用
全屏
李世文, 刘杨, 李继斌
作者信息
  • 重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆　400016

    • 李世文（1999—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：营养与慢性病

通讯作者:

李继斌，E-mail：
Impact of tea drinking on cognitive function among Chinese elderly: the mediating role of activities of daily living and depression
Shi-wen LI, Yang LIU, Ji-bin LI
Affiliations
  • Nutrition and Food Hygiene Teaching and Research Office, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
出版时间: 2025-01-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114
文章导航
收藏切换
摘要
收起
目的

本研究旨在调查茶的摄入情况对老年人认知功能的影响，以及日常生活活动障碍和抑郁状态在该关系中的中介作用。

方法

本研究数据来源于2018年中国纵向健康长寿调查（CLHLS），共纳入有效样本8 818个。使用logistic回归分析饮茶频率和种类对老年人的认知功能的影响，以及使用链式多重中介模型进一步探讨了该效应的可能机制。

结果

经常饮茶的老年人发生认知障碍的可能性较低（OR=0.80，95%CI：0.68~0.95），其中观察到只有饮用绿茶是认知障碍发生的保护因素（OR=0.81，95%CI：0.65~1.00），其他种类茶未发现显著证据。日常生活活动障碍和抑郁状态对经常饮茶对认知功能有中介作用，β值和95%CI分别为-0.005（-0.008~-0.001）和-0.005（-0.007~-0.003），而两个中介变量的连续中介效应虽然显著，但是β值太小，效应占比太小，没有实际意义。

结论

经常饮茶与老年人认知障碍发生风险降低有关，尤其是在摄入绿茶的老年人中。日常生活活动障碍和抑郁水平几乎完全介导了饮茶与认知功能之间的关联。

老年人  /  茶  /  认知功能  /  认知障碍  /  中介分析
Objective

To investigate the effect of tea intake on cognitive function in the elderly and the mediating role of relationship of impaired activities of daily living (ADLs) and depressive states.

Methods

The data for this study came from the 2018 China Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey (CLHLS), which included a total of 8,818 valid samples. The logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of frequency and type of tea drinking on cognitive function in the elderly, and the possible mechanism of this effect was further explored using a chain multiple mediation model.

Results

The elderly who regularly consumed tea were less likely to develop cognitive impairment (OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.95), in which only green tea consumption was observed to be a protective factor for the development of cognitive impairment (OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.65-1.00), and no significant evidence was found for other types of tea. Impaired activities of daily living and depressive state mediated the effect of regular tea consumption on cognitive functioning, with beta values and 95%CIs of -0.005 (-0.008--0.001) and -0.005(-0.007--0.003), while the continuous mediating effects of the two mediating variables, although significant, had β-values that were too small and effects that accounted for too little to be of practical significance.

Conclusion

Regular tea consumption is associated with a reduced risk of developing cognitive impairment in the elderly, especially among those who consume green tea. Impairment in activities of daily living and depression levels almost exclusively mediated the association between tea consumption and cognitive function.

Elderly  /  Tea  /  Cognitive function  /  Cognitive impairment  /  Mediation analysis
李世文, 刘杨, 李继斌. 中国老年人饮茶对认知功能的影响：日常生活活动和抑郁的中介作用. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (2) : 253 -259 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114
Shi-wen LI, Yang LIU, Ji-bin LI. Impact of tea drinking on cognitive function among Chinese elderly: the mediating role of activities of daily living and depression[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (2) : 253 -259 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114
正文
收起
1　引言
收起
认知障碍是一种脑部退化疾病，它会影响患者的记忆丶判断和执行力，情绪和行为。由于全球人口老龄化的加剧，认知障碍的疾病负担正在逐渐增加。在中国≥60岁老年人中，经年龄和性别调整的痴呆症患病率约为6.0%[1]，痴呆患者中63%～70%为AD患者。2021年我国现存的AD及其他痴呆患病人数达16 990 827例[2]。老年人发生认知障碍，会导致生活质量下降以及死亡风险增加，同时也给家庭和社会带来沉重的负担。因此识别并随后管理风险从而减缓认知障碍进展至关重要。
茶叶因其众多健康益处而在全球范围内被广泛消费，例如可以预防癌症、心脏病和糖尿病，以及降低全因死亡风险的潜力[3-4]。茶叶中的各种植物化学物质，包括儿茶素、L-茶氨酸和咖啡因，在保护认知功能的潜在生物学机制中起着重要作用[5]。大多数流行病学调查得出结论，经常饮茶与更好的认知功能有关[6]。由于制作方法和茶多酚氧化程度的不同，茶叶可大致分为六大类：绿茶、白茶、黄茶、乌龙茶、黑茶、红茶。除此之外，还有一类属于再加工的花茶，对于这类茶的划分，目前在茶叶界还有争议。在亚洲国家，人们大多爱喝绿茶，而西方国家更喜欢红茶。不同种类的茶叶所含的营养物质不同，关于饮用的茶叶类型与认知功能改善之间关系的研究相对较少，大多数横断面研究得出的结果不一致。
目前有许多研究表明抑郁与老年人认知障碍有关，有抑郁症状的老年人更容易出现认知障碍[7]，而经常喝茶的人抑郁水平明显较低。此外，日常身体活动（Activity of Daily Living）也发现可以影响老年人认知障碍的发生[8]，发生ADL残疾可能会导致认知障碍发生风险增。而茶似乎也可以缓解ADL残疾[9]，但是研究较少，还不能得到准确的结论。本研究假设日常身体活动（ADL）和抑郁水平在饮茶与认知功能之间的关联中起中介作用。现有的许多研究将一个中介或调解被纳入模型中，并未充分考虑多体中介，但有研究表明日常身体活动障碍老年人患抑郁症的风险更高[10]。因为纵向数据样本不足，本研究利用CLHLS的2018年的横断面数据，调查不同频率和类型的茶消费对认知功能的影响以及ADL和抑郁状态与茶叶消费对老年人认知障碍风险的潜在多重中介作用。
2　研究方法
收起
2.1　数据来源与样本选择
研究的数据来源于中国纵向健康长寿调查（CLHLS）。CLHLS是一项全国性的健康老龄化调查，跟踪并调查65岁及以上的个人影响他们健康的因素。CLHLS队列覆盖了中国23个省份的一半县市，对中国老年人口具有良好的样本代表性。该调查收集的数据信息在既往许多研究中有详细描述[11-12]，本研究中介绍的数据集https://opendata.pku.edu.cn/dataverse/CHADS 的中公开提供。
本研究纳入并分析了 CLHLS 2018年的横断面数据，共有15 874名参与者。我们排除了7 056名数据缺失、存在极端值以及65岁以下的参与者，最终留下 8 818 名参与者的最终样本（图1)。
2.2　变量设定
2.2.1　因变量
因变量为参与者是否为认知障碍，认知功能正常为0，认知功能障碍为1。研究使用改良的MMSE的中文版本测量认知功能，这在既往研究中得到了广泛验证[13-14]。它包括与定向、注册、注意力、计算、回忆和语言相关的24个项目，总分30分。分数越低意味着认知功能越差。如果 MMSE 评分为<24，则识别为认知障碍[13]。本研究中MMSE 的 Cronbach α值为0.852。
2.2.2　自变量
自变量为参与者茶的摄入情况，包括饮茶频率和饮茶种类。根据饮茶频率，将很少或从不喝的参与者分为不喝茶组，赋值为0；将每周至少喝一次、每月至少喝一次、偶尔喝的参与者分为不经常喝茶组，赋值为1；将几乎每天喝的参与者分为经常喝茶组，赋值为2。饮茶种类包括绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶、白茶、黄茶、黑茶、花茶。不饮茶的人赋值为0，根据茶的制作工艺和茶多酚氧化程度的不同，将绿茶定义为不发酵茶，赋值为1；乌龙茶、白茶、黄茶、黑茶定义为发酵茶，赋值为2；花茶赋值为3。
2.2.3　中介变量
抑郁水平：通过流行病学研究中心抑郁（CES-D）量表评估抑郁症水平。每个项目都按频率的 4 分顺序量表进行评分[15]，其中对两种积极情绪或行为的发生进行反向评分。将每个项目的分数相加以获得总分（范围，0~30），分数越高表示抑郁症状越严重。CES-D 评分 ≥10 的个体被称为有抑郁症状的参与者[15]。本研究中CES-D的 Cronbach α值为 0.800。
日常生活活动：日常生活活动（ADL）指一个人为了满足日常生活的需要每天所进行的必要活动，包括以下六种活动：洗澡或淋浴、室内转移、穿衣、如厕、进食和失禁。ADL指数是医疗保健和老年护理机构中广泛使用的评估工具[8]。它旨在评估个人独立执行自我保健和功能所需的基本日常任务的能力。参与者被问及他们是否需要上述六个项目中的任何一种的帮助。如果他们需要帮助，他们被定义为患有 ADL 残疾[8]。本研究中ADL的 Cronbach α值为 0.816。
2.2.4　协变量
根据既往研究报告的可能与认知障碍相关的因素，本研究的协变量包括基本人口统计数据，包括年龄、性别、受教育年限、婚姻状况、居住类型、经济情况；饮食和生活方式变量，包括吸烟状况、饮酒状况、运动状况、蔬菜和水果摄入情况；身体健康状况的变量，包括定期体检、是否跌倒、BMI、测量血压、慢性病患病情况包括高血压、糖尿病、中分及脑血管疾病。
2.3　统计分析
按饮茶频率和饮茶种类对参与者进行分组，当数据分别是连续变量和分类变量时，我们以百分比和均值（标准差）进行描述性分析。采用Kruskal–Wallis H检验和卡方检验比较不同分组变量差异。采用二元logistic回归模型计算关联的比值比（ORs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。此外，我们使用RStudio的BruceR包进行了多重中介分析，多重中介分析可以使我们测试一个中介的效果的同时考虑另一个中介的影响，降低由于省略变量而导致参数偏差的可能。这对我们的研究尤为重要，因为在普通人群和本样本中，日常身体活动和焦虑之间存在很强的相关性，在本研究中选择多重中介分析中的链式中介模型也更合适。最后使用抽样5 000次bootstrap检验生成的95%置信区间（CI）评估了中介效应的可靠性。数据清理和统计分析均由 Stata 18和 R studio 4.3完成。检验水准α=0.05。
3　研究结果
收起
3.1　调查对象一般情况
按照茶摄入频率分组的参与者共有8 818名，平均年龄为82.97岁±10.93岁，有18.60%的老年人经常喝茶，有8.8%的老年人偶尔喝茶，全样本中根据MMSE评分定义为有认知障碍的老年人有2 333名，占所有老年人的26.5%。经常饮茶和偶尔喝茶的老年人在年龄、心率、ADL评分、抑郁症状评分、曾经跌倒这几方面都要显著低于或少于几乎不喝茶的老年人，见表1。
3.2　老年人饮茶与认知功能障碍关系的多因素分析
表2显示了茶的摄入频率与认知功能障碍之间的关联。在逻辑回归模型的构建中，仅包括了P值<0.05的协变量。再依次调整了协变量后发现，与几乎不喝茶的老年人相比，经常饮茶的老年人发生认知障碍的可能性更低，OR值95%CI分别为0.80（0.68~0.95），而偶尔喝茶的老年人没有观察到与认知障碍有显著关联。
调整年龄、性别、经济状况、受教育年限、居住类型、婚姻状况、吸烟、喝酒、运动、蔬菜、水果摄入、BMI、心率、体检等协变量后发现，与几乎不喝茶的老年人相比，喝绿茶的人发生认知障碍的可能更低，OR值和95% CI为0.81（0.65~1.00），而饮用其他种类茶的老年人没有观察到与认知障碍有显著关联（表3）。
3.3　日常身体活动和抑郁对饮茶与认知障碍关系的中介分析
我们使用多重中介的链式中介模型进行分析，以探讨日常身体活动和抑郁在经常饮茶与认知障碍之间的中介作用。将是否经常饮茶和是否为认知障碍分别作为自变量和因变量纳入模型。日常身体活动（ADL）和抑郁被列为两个中介因素。控制变量包括性别、年龄、受教育年限、经济状况、居住地、蔬菜、水果摄入，BMI、是否跌倒。
如图2所示，经常饮茶与认知障碍呈负相关（c=-0.250）。该模型进一步显示，经常饮茶与ADL残疾呈负相关（a1=-0.059），与抑郁水平呈负相关（a2=-0.484）。ADL残疾和抑郁水平与认知障碍显著正相关（b1 =0.472；b2=0.066）。值得注意的是，ADL残疾和抑郁水平这两个介质彼此呈正相关（d12=0.324）。
链式中介效应检验发现经常饮茶通过三条中介途径与认知障碍相关：（1）ADL，β值和95%CI为-0.005（-0.008~-0.001）；（2）抑郁水平，β值和95%CI为-0.005（-0.007~-0.003）；（3）涉及日常身体活动和抑郁状态的连续介质，虽然检验显示这条中介显著，但由于其效应量太小，β值近乎为0。而且检验结果显示直接效应不显著，提示这几条中介途径可能完全介导了经常饮茶降低发生认知障碍的可能。见表4。
4　讨论
收起
在这项基于中国老年人群的横断面研究中，观察到经常喝茶的老年人发生认知障碍的可能性较低。其中绿茶能保护认知功能，这一发现与之前的许多研究一致[16-17]。茶叶中含有丰富的植物化学物，如黄酮类化合物、鞣酸、咖啡因、多酚、花青素、没食子酸等等[18]。儿茶素可以通过缓解压力和改善情绪来影响大脑，还具有抗氧化，抗炎和神经保护作用[19]。然而，只有高频率饮茶，这些成分在血液中达到一定浓度时，才能有效保护认知功能。不同类型茶的制备方法有很大差异，茶叶在发酵过程中儿茶素和茶氨酸等活性成分的含量会逐渐降低，这使得一些研究表明老年人食用红茶与认知能力下降无关[5]。本研究也未观察到发酵茶与认知功能发生的关联，除了茶叶本身的原因之外，也可能是样本不够充分的原因。
本研究探讨了日常生活活动和抑郁对经常饮茶与认知障碍关联的中介作用。发现两个中介变量能通过三条途径来影响结果发生，关于抑郁状态的的单独中介作用与许多研究一致，饮茶能通过缓解抑郁从而减少认识障碍发生。绿茶中的儿茶素，如没食子儿茶素，没食子酸酯（ECCG），在实验室实验中也具有抗炎和神经保护作用[20-21]。茶氨酸是茶中的一种生物活性化合物，通过抑制谷氨酸受体和调节细胞外谷氨酰胺水平来发挥神经保护作用。它还可以促进神经营养，促进神经细胞的修复和再生[21]。绿茶中黄酮类化合物的抗炎特性也被发现与较低的抑郁症风险有关[22]。这些观察结果都是支持饮茶可以放松情绪和预防抑郁症的有益论点。除此之外，饮茶不仅是一种良好的饮食习惯，也是一项重要的社交活动，可以通过泡茶、赏茶和品茶来培养身心。因此，经常喝茶的中国老年人在心理上可能更健康，抑郁也在饮茶和中国老年人的认知健康之间起着重要的中介作用。
另外一条单独中介是老年人经常饮茶可以预防ADL残疾，从而降低认知障碍发生风险。结果与以前的研究相似[9]。Chiu等人调查10 898名65岁及以上的台湾国民，发现茶的摄入量与所有类型残疾的较低水平有关[23]。绿茶中的多酚可以提高肌肉力量，改善老年人常见的肌肉减少症，预防与残疾有关的疾病（如中风和痴呆）。关于饮茶影响ADL残疾的机制研究较少，ADL残疾和认知障碍是有很强的相互关系，但是也不可否认饮茶确实能为此带来益处。本研究发现老年人发生ADL残疾后会促进抑郁症状的发展，可能是由于日常活动和身体机能的限制导致老年人失去独立性，内心的孤独感增加或者承受社会心理和经济困难的高压力导致。在既往研究中也有证明[24]。这也是ADL残疾和抑郁对饮茶影响认知障碍的连续中介机制。但在本研究中，这个连续作用虽然显著，但是效应量太低，没有较大意义。可能是饮茶只是认识障碍的众多保护因素之一，饮茶本身它对认知障碍的保护作用就不大，但是如果培养良好饮茶习惯，长久下来对保护认知功能应会有一定作用。
本研究具有一定的创新性，据我们所知，目前还没有研究关于日常生活活动对饮茶和认知障碍的中介作用，且本研究首次尝试利用链式多重中介效应模型分析茶叶消费与认知障碍之间关系的社会心理机制，可以降低由于省略变量而导致参数偏差的可能性，获得更准确的结果。
本研究在方法上仍存在一些局限性。首先，所有变量都是通过自我报告问卷测量的，这可能与真实值不一致。此外，本研究是直接删除了缺失值，可能会使效果的定量估计不准确，模型中包含了大量的控制变量，但不能排除遗漏变量偏差的可能性。其次，饮茶的作用与饮用年限息息相关，因为数据库的局限性，对饮茶年限不得知，无法结合饮用频率得到饮茶量，可能会影响研究结果的准确性。最后，据以往研究发现，抑郁和日常生活活动与结局认知功能障碍的发生是存在明显交互作用的，因此本研究使用了横截面数据，对结果的因果关系和机制研究可能没有那么可靠。
5　结论
收起
我们发现经常饮茶可以降低老年人认知障碍的发生风险，尤其是在摄入绿茶的老年人中。日常生活活动和抑郁几乎完全介导了饮茶与认知功能之间的关联。这些发现可能对旨在预防老年人功能能力下降的公共卫生工作具有重要意义。有必要进行额外的严格观察性研究或者RCT实验，以进一步阐明这种关系，再考虑饮茶量和潜在的交互效应。
文献
收起
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式：
[1]
Jia LF, Du YF, Chu L, et al. Prevalence, risk factors, and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older in China: a cross-sectional study[J]. The Lancet. Public Health, 2020, 5(12): e661-e671.
[2]
王刚，齐金蕾，刘馨雅，等．中国阿尔茨海默病报告2024[J].诊断学理论与实践，2024, 23(3): 219-256.
Wang G, Qi JL, Liu XY, et al. Report of Alzheimer’s disease in China 2024[J]. Journal of Diagnostics Concepts & Practice, 2024, 23(3): 219-256. (In Chinese)
[3]
Inoue-Choi M, Ramirez Y, Cornelis MC, et al. Tea consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the UK biobank: a prospective cohort study[J]. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2022, 175(9): 1201-1211.
[4]
Chen YC, Zhang Y, Zhang MN, et al. Consumption of coffee and tea with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study[J]. BMC Medicine, 2022, 20(1): 449.
[5]
Feng L, Langsetmo L, Yaffe K, et al. No effects of black tea on cognitive decline among older US men: a prospective cohort study[J]. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease: JAD, 2018, 65(1): 99-105.
[6]
Zhang J, Wang AX, Zhang XL, et al. Association between tea consumption and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2020, 20(1): 447.
[7]
Yuan YY, Peng CM, Burr JA, et al. Frailty, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: an eight-year multi-trajectory analysis[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2023, 23(1): 843.
[8]
Jilili M, Liu L. Examining the impact of functional disability and cognitive impairment on mental health of Chinese elderly[J]. Social Work in Health Care, 2022, 61(5): 338-352.
[9]
Ma YH, Zhu YY, Hong DD, et al. Association between tea drinking and disability levels in older Chinese adults: a longitudinal analysis[J]. Frontiers in Nutrition, 2023, 10: 1233664.
[10]
Tian G, Li R, Cui YR, et al. Association between disability, social support and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: A National study[J]. Frontiers in Public Health, 2022, 10: 980465.
[11]
Du M, Tao LY, Zhu L, et al. Association between biomass fuel use and the risk of cognitive impairment among older populations in China: a population-based cohort study[J]. Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source, 2021, 20(1): 21.
[12]
任旭龙，邓吉宝．吸烟与老年人认知功能的相关性——基于CLHLS数据的分析[J].中国疗养医学，2024, 33(9): 20-23.
Ren XL, Deng JB. Correlation between smoking and cognitive function in the elderly-analysis based on CLHLS data[J]. Chinese Journal of Convalescent Medicine, 2024, 33(9): 20-23. (In Chinese)
[13]
Zhang QL, Wu YL, Han TK, et al. Changes in cognitive function and risk factors for cognitive impairment of the elderly in China: 2005-2014[J]. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019, 16(16): 2847.
[14]
李振科，魏毛妮，姬松波．老年帕金森病患者抑郁现状及与认知功能的关系[J].国际精神病学杂志，2024, 51(5): 1500-1503.
Li ZK, Wei MN, Ji SB. Depression status in elderly Parkinson’s disease patients and its correlation with cognitive function[J]. Journal of International Psychiatry, 2024, 51(5): 1500-1503. (In Chinese)
[15]
Gabriel A, Zare H, Jones W, et al. Evaluating depressive symptoms among Low-Socioeconomic-Status African American women aged 40 to 75 years with uncontrolled hypertension: a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Psychiatry (Chicago, Ill.), 2021, 78(4): 426-432.
[16]
Uchida K, Meno K, Korenaga T, et al. Effect of matcha green tea on cognitive functions and sleep quality in older adults with cognitive decline: A randomized controlled study over 12 months[J]. PLOS One, 2024, 19(8): e0309287.
[17]
Hu HY, Wu BS, Ou YN, et al. Tea consumption and risk of incident dementia: A prospective cohort study of 377 592 UK Biobank participants[J]. Translational Psychiatry, 2022, 12(1): 171.
[18]
蔡菡，徐磊，王小泉．饮茶对老年人群认知功能的影响及作用机制研究进展[J].精神医学杂志，2023, 36(3): 326-330.
Cai H, Xu L, Wang XQ. Research progress on the influence of tea drinking on cognitive function and its action mechanism in the elderly population[J]. Journal of Psychiatry, 2023, 36(3): 326-330. (In Chinese)
[19]
Baba YST, Inagaki S, Nakagawa SE, et al. Effect of daily intake of green tea catechins on cognitive function inmiddle-aged and older subjects: a randomized, placebo-controlled study[J]. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2020, 25(18): 4265.
[20]
Dominguez LJ, Veronese N, Vernuccio L, et al. Nutrition, physical activity, and other lifestyle factors in the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(11): 4080.
[21]
Xie XY, Wan J, Zheng X, et al. Synergistic effects of epigallocatechin gallate and l-theanine in nerve repair and regeneration by anti-amyloid damage, promoting metabolism, and nourishing nerve cells[J]. Frontiers in Nutrition, 2022, 9: 951415.
[22]
Jennings A, Thompson AS, Tresserra-Rimbau A, et al. Flavonoid-Rich foods, dementia risk, and interactions with genetic risk, hypertension, and depression[J]. JAMA Network Open, 2024, 7(9): e2434136.
[23]
Chiu CJ, Li ML, Chou CY. Trends and biopsychosocial correlates of physical disabilities amongolder men and women in Taiwan: examination based on ADL, IADL, mobility, and frailty[J]. BMC Geriatrics, 2022, 22(1): 148.
[24]
Zhou LN, Wang W, Ma XC. The bidirectional association between the disability in activities of daily living and depression: a longitudinal study in Chinese middle-aged and older adults[J]. BMC Public Health, 2024, 24(1): 1884.
2025年第52卷第2期
PDF下载
77
31
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114
  • 接收时间：2024-08-08
  • 首发时间：2026-03-18
  • 出版时间：2025-01-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期：2024-08-08
基金
作者信息
    重庆医科大学公共卫生学院，重庆　400016

通讯作者:

李继斌，E-mail：
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202408114
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏
相关链接
论文
最新文章
热读文章
热点专题
内参
蓝皮书
产业发展报告
传播力报告
期刊分级目录
资讯
学术新闻
行业新闻
学术会议
行业会议
关于
关于我们
联系我们
北京市海淀区学院南路86号
100081
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn

中国科学技术协会版权所有 京ICP 备10216604号-4 海淀分局备案 1101084647
科技导报社主办 中国科协信息中心技术支持