Article(id=1240977224279577216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240977214964036360, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411292, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1731513600000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773801626509, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1748102400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773801626509, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773801626509, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773801626509, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240977214964036360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='10', pageStart='1729', pageEnd='1920', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773801624289, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773825591019, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241077738770068227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240977214964036360, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241077738770068228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240977214964036360, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1775, endPage=1781, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240977224661258903, articleId=1240977224279577216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=The protective effect of folic acid esophageal epithelial mesenchymal transition induced by N-methyl-N’-nitro-n-nitroguanidine, columnId=1228016572783063333, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Nutrition and Food Hygiene, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the protective effect of folic acid on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by N-methyl-N ’-nitro-n-nitroguanidine (MNNG) and its signaling mechanism.

Methods

SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose folate groups (1.25, 2.5, 5 mg/kg), control group was given 10 mL/kg normal saline, and other groups were given 25 mg/kg MNNG.All were administered with free drinking water once a day for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin protein was observed by immunohistochemistry. The expressions of E-cadherin, ZO-1, N-cadherin and Vimentin were detected by Western blot. In vitro (0.1, 0.2, 0.4 μg/mL), the concentration of folic acid was treated with 20 μmol/L MNNG for 24 h, and the mRNA transcription levels of E-cadherin, ZO-1, N-cadherin, Vimentin, TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT 3 signaling pathways were detected by RT-qPCR. The expressions of E-cadherin, ZO-1, N-cadherin and Vimentin were detected by Western blot.

Results

Compared with the model group, folic acid could improve the precancerous lesions caused by MNNG, up-regulate the expression of E-cadherin (F=90.3,P<0.001) and ZO-1 protein (F=188.9,P<0.001), and down-regulate the expression of N-cadherin (F=68.9,P<0.001) and Vimentin protein (F=82.6,P<0.001). The results of cell Western blot showed that compared with the control group, the expression levels of E-cadherin and ZO-1 were decreased, decreasing to 63.7% (95%CI: 0.589-0.675, P<0.001) and 57.1% (95%CI: 0.494-0.706, P<0.001) of the control group. Cell RT-qPCR results showed that compared with the model group, E-cadherin mRNA levels were increased (F=8.5, P=0.007), the expression of ZO-1 mRNA increased (F=31.5, P<0001), N-cadherin mRNA levels were decreased (F=34.1, P<0.001), and the expression of Vimentin mRNA decreased (F=17.8, P<0.001).Cell RT-qPCR confirmed that MNNG can promote the transcription of key mRNA in TGF-β signaling pathway, Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway, and JAK/STAT 3 signaling pathway. The downstream transcription factors snail and ZEB1 mRNA transcription were activated, while folic acid could antagonize the process.

Conclusion

Folic acid has certain protective ability against MNNG induced esophageal epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, which may be related to inhibiting the activation of JAK/ STAT3 signaling pathway.

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目的

探究叶酸对 N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍( MNNG ) 诱导的食管上皮-间质转化( epithelial-mesenchymal transition , EMT )的保护作用及机制。

方法

将SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、叶酸低、中、高剂量组(1.25, 2.5, 5 mg/kg),对照组给予 10 mL/kg生理盐水,其他组均给予 25 mg/kg MNNG,均以自由饮水的方式进行给药,每天1次,持续造模12周。给药12周后,免疫组化观察 E-钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-钙粘蛋白(N-cadherin )蛋白表达; Western blot法检测 E-钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin)、紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1)、N-钙粘蛋白(N-cadherin )、波形蛋白(Vimentin )蛋白表达。体外用(0.1, 0.2, 0.4 μg/mL)浓度叶酸干预 MNNG (20 μmol/L)染毒24 h 后的人食管永生化上皮细胞(Het-1A)细胞,采用 RT-qPCR法检测 E-cadherin、ZO-1、N-cadherin、VimentinmRNA及TGF-β 、Wnt/β-catenin 、JAK/STAT3 信号通路 mRNA 的转录水平; Western blot 法检测 E-cadherin、ZO-1、N-cadherin、Vimentin 蛋白表达。

结果

与模型组相比,叶酸能够改善 MNNG 所致大鼠食管黏膜上皮癌前病变,上调 E-cadherin 蛋白表达(F=90.3,P<0.001)、ZO-1 蛋白表达(F=188.9,P<0.001),下调 N-cadherin 蛋白表达(F=68.9,P<0.001)、Vimentin 蛋白表达(F=82.6,P<0.001)。细胞Western blot 结果显示,与对照组相比,模型组细胞 E-cadherin、ZO-1蛋白表达降低,分别降至对照组的63.7%(95% CI:0.589~0.675,P<0.001)、57.1%(95% CI:0.494~0.706,P<0.001)。细胞 RT-qPCR 结果显示,与模型组相比,叶酸干预组E-cadherinm RNA表达量增加(F=8.5,P=0.007)、ZO-1 mRNA 表达量增加(F=31.5,P<0.001),N-cadherin mRNA 表达量降低(F=34.1,P<0.001)、Vimentin mRNA表达量降低(F=17.8,P<0.001)。细胞 RT-qPCR 证实,MNNG 可以促进 TGF-β信号通路、Wnt/β-catenin信号通路、JAK/STAT3 信号通路关键 mRNA的转录,激活其下游转录因子 snail、ZEB1 mRNA转录,而叶酸可拮抗该过程。

结论

叶酸对 MNNG 诱导的食管上皮-间质转化有一定的保护能力,这可能与其抑制 JAK/STAT3 信号通路的激活相关。

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刘振中,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=zQignZjqSY0wu+oRdjW5Ag==, magXml=L5mjC5sfTgv+vjboWQauGw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=VfSJKsYZmvXUYXHLPzyFyw==, pdfFileSize=1271739, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=eBf1sdJ0i1q7cXIy5Pey5w==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=AZQWA2qvaIXk5kiY9kamXA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

付雪妮(2003—),女,本科在读,研究方向:卫生毒理学

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(In Chinese), articleTitle=The regulation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway oninvasion and metastasis of esophageal cancer, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240996920508871657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, awardId=19PJ199, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省卫生健康委员会科研项目(19PJ199), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240996920617923564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, awardId=CBY17-QD06, language=CN, fundingSource=川北医学院博士科研基金项目(CBY17-QD06), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240996920714392559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, awardId=202310634009, language=CN, fundingSource=大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310634009), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240996920810861557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, awardId=S202410634066, language=CN, fundingSource=大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410634066), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240996909091975565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240996909100364175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, companyId=1240996909091975565, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240996909108752784, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, companyId=1240996909091975565, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.川北医学院公共卫生学院,四川 南充 637000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240996910589342103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240996910593536410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, companyId=1240996910589342103, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山西医科大学公共卫生学院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240996917375726444, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Effect of folic acid intervention on the expression of EMT-related proteins in esophageal tissues of MNNG infected rats, figureFileSmall=1/OmEmuY/OosyH5+lJpHhQ==, figureFileBig=0hZMAS7D4TT6FC6y0rO2RQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996917447029618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=CN, label=图1, caption=叶酸干预对MNNG致大鼠食管组织中 EMT 相关蛋白表达的影响

注:*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与对照组相比。#P<0.05,##P<0.01,###P<0.001,与模型组相比。

, figureFileSmall=1/OmEmuY/OosyH5+lJpHhQ==, figureFileBig=0hZMAS7D4TT6FC6y0rO2RQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996917564470142, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin in esophageal tissues of rats, figureFileSmall=r7yDpSUM8wEm1333ZbxsOA==, figureFileBig=bwVVpOTa9whQZzMnoK4rYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996917648356228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=CN, label=图2, caption=E-钙粘蛋白和 N-钙粘蛋白在大鼠食管组织中的表达

注:比例尺:40 μm。

, figureFileSmall=r7yDpSUM8wEm1333ZbxsOA==, figureFileBig=bwVVpOTa9whQZzMnoK4rYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996917740630927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Transcription levels of EMT-related mRNA after MNNG exposure in cells, figureFileSmall=6D7w5GE5gI7rD5N0u703mg==, figureFileBig=PGj1rmfvSg1FA4SfLxq4Yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996917925180313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=CN, label=图3, caption=MNNG暴露后细胞中 EMT 相关 mRNA 的转录水平

注:*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与对照组相比。

, figureFileSmall=6D7w5GE5gI7rD5N0u703mg==, figureFileBig=PGj1rmfvSg1FA4SfLxq4Yg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996918000677794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Folic acid intervenes the mRNA transcription level of EMT-related genes after MMNG exposure, figureFileSmall=8L7HmDpXrEk68dyEXwmbgw==, figureFileBig=Ul17Dt4b985MVTOn0ESWQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996919493850022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=CN, label=图4, caption=叶酸干预MMNG染毒后EMT相关mRNA转录水平

注:*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与对照组相比。#P<0.05,##P<0.01,###P<0.001,与模型组相比。

, figureFileSmall=8L7HmDpXrEk68dyEXwmbgw==, figureFileBig=Ul17Dt4b985MVTOn0ESWQg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996919632262068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Expression levels of EMT-related proteins in Het-1A cells, figureFileSmall=aUt+Iw20tiu28fj+TtA6jQ==, figureFileBig=N4muEotTUdS1y6ViXsiPrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996919774868414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=CN, label=图5, caption=Het-1A细胞中EMT相关蛋白的表达水平

注:*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与对照组相比。#P<0.05,##P<0.01,###P<0.001,与模型组相比。

, figureFileSmall=aUt+Iw20tiu28fj+TtA6jQ==, figureFileBig=N4muEotTUdS1y6ViXsiPrw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996919871337412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Transcription levels of key mRNAs in EMT-related signaling pathways, figureFileSmall=XV9HV7JtBEqxHp4JkrWrkw==, figureFileBig=j0O8u+HdK5A0gLApA2Hq5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996919963612109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=CN, label=图6, caption=EMT相关信号通路中关键 mRNA 的转录水平

注:A 为 MNNG 暴露致 Het-1A 细胞 EMT 相关通路及转录因子的影响。B 为叶酸干预致 Het-1A 细胞 EMT 相关通路及转录因子的影响。*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与对照组相比。#P<0.05,##P<0.01,###P<0.001,与模型组相比。

, figureFileSmall=XV9HV7JtBEqxHp4JkrWrkw==, figureFileBig=j0O8u+HdK5A0gLApA2Hq5g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240996920085246931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Primer sepuences for PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称正向引物(5’-3’)反向引物(5’-3’)
GAPDH1AGAAGGCTGGGGCTCATTTGAGGGGCCATCCACAGTCTTC
Ecadherin1ATTTTTCCCTCGACACCCGATTCCCAGGCGTAGACCAAGA
N-cadherinCCTCCAGAGTTTACTGCCATGACGTAGGATCTCCGCCACTGATTC
ZO-1GTCCAGAATCTCGGAAAAGTGCCCTTTCAGCGCACCATACCAACC
VimentinAGGCAAAGCAGGAGTCCACTGAATCTGGCGTTCCAGGGACTCAT
SMAD2CGTCCATCTTGCCATTCACGCTCAAGCTCATCTAATCGTCCTG
SMAD3CCATCTCCTACTACGAGCTGAACACTGCTGCATTCCTGTTGAC
snailCGAACTGGACACACATACAGTGCTGAGGATCTCTGGTTGTGGT
β-cateninAAAGCGGCTGTTAGTCACTGGCGAGTCATTGCATACTGTCCAT
JAKAAGTGGAACGCGAGAAGAACCCTCGTGCAGCTTTGTCTTGAG
ZEB1GATGATGAATGCGAGTCAGATGCACAGCAGTGTCTTGTTGTTGT
TGF-bTACCTGAACCCGTGTTGCTCTCGTTGCTGAGGTATCGCCAGGAA
STAT3CTTTGAGACCGAGGTGTATCACCGGTCAGCATGTTGTACCACAGG
), ArticleFig(id=1240996920227853274, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240977224279577216, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

PCR所用引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名称正向引物(5’-3’)反向引物(5’-3’)
GAPDH1AGAAGGCTGGGGCTCATTTGAGGGGCCATCCACAGTCTTC
Ecadherin1ATTTTTCCCTCGACACCCGATTCCCAGGCGTAGACCAAGA
N-cadherinCCTCCAGAGTTTACTGCCATGACGTAGGATCTCCGCCACTGATTC
ZO-1GTCCAGAATCTCGGAAAAGTGCCCTTTCAGCGCACCATACCAACC
VimentinAGGCAAAGCAGGAGTCCACTGAATCTGGCGTTCCAGGGACTCAT
SMAD2CGTCCATCTTGCCATTCACGCTCAAGCTCATCTAATCGTCCTG
SMAD3CCATCTCCTACTACGAGCTGAACACTGCTGCATTCCTGTTGAC
snailCGAACTGGACACACATACAGTGCTGAGGATCTCTGGTTGTGGT
β-cateninAAAGCGGCTGTTAGTCACTGGCGAGTCATTGCATACTGTCCAT
JAKAAGTGGAACGCGAGAAGAACCCTCGTGCAGCTTTGTCTTGAG
ZEB1GATGATGAATGCGAGTCAGATGCACAGCAGTGTCTTGTTGTTGT
TGF-bTACCTGAACCCGTGTTGCTCTCGTTGCTGAGGTATCGCCAGGAA
STAT3CTTTGAGACCGAGGTGTATCACCGGTCAGCATGTTGTACCACAGG
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叶酸对N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍致食管上皮-间质转化保护作用的机制研究
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付雪妮 1 , 彭才婷 1 , 任奕慧 1 , 梁媛 1 , 程遂志 1 , 聂玉红 1 , 巫唐辉 1 , 余佳 1 , 陈泓晓 1 , 高怡 2 , 刘振中 1
现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2025,52(10): 1775-1781
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现代预防医学 | 营养与食品卫生 2025, 52(10): 1775-1781
叶酸对N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍致食管上皮-间质转化保护作用的机制研究
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付雪妮1, 彭才婷1, 任奕慧1, 梁媛1, 程遂志1, 聂玉红1, 巫唐辉1, 余佳1, 陈泓晓1, 高怡2, 刘振中1
作者信息
  • 1.川北医学院公共卫生学院,四川 南充 637000
  • 2.山西医科大学公共卫生学院
  • 付雪妮(2003—),女,本科在读,研究方向:卫生毒理学

通讯作者:

刘振中,E-mail:
The protective effect of folic acid esophageal epithelial mesenchymal transition induced by N-methyl-N’-nitro-n-nitroguanidine
Xue-ni FU1, Cai-ting PENG1, Yi-hui REN1, Yuan LIANG1, Sui-zhi CHENG1, Yu-hong NIE1, Tang-hui WU1, Jia YU1, Hong-xiao CHEN1, Yi GAO2, Zhen-zhong LIU1
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
出版时间: 2025-05-25 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411292
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目的

探究叶酸对 N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍( MNNG ) 诱导的食管上皮-间质转化( epithelial-mesenchymal transition , EMT )的保护作用及机制。

方法

将SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、叶酸低、中、高剂量组(1.25, 2.5, 5 mg/kg),对照组给予 10 mL/kg生理盐水,其他组均给予 25 mg/kg MNNG,均以自由饮水的方式进行给药,每天1次,持续造模12周。给药12周后,免疫组化观察 E-钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin)、N-钙粘蛋白(N-cadherin )蛋白表达; Western blot法检测 E-钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin)、紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1)、N-钙粘蛋白(N-cadherin )、波形蛋白(Vimentin )蛋白表达。体外用(0.1, 0.2, 0.4 μg/mL)浓度叶酸干预 MNNG (20 μmol/L)染毒24 h 后的人食管永生化上皮细胞(Het-1A)细胞,采用 RT-qPCR法检测 E-cadherin、ZO-1、N-cadherin、VimentinmRNA及TGF-β 、Wnt/β-catenin 、JAK/STAT3 信号通路 mRNA 的转录水平; Western blot 法检测 E-cadherin、ZO-1、N-cadherin、Vimentin 蛋白表达。

结果

与模型组相比,叶酸能够改善 MNNG 所致大鼠食管黏膜上皮癌前病变,上调 E-cadherin 蛋白表达(F=90.3,P<0.001)、ZO-1 蛋白表达(F=188.9,P<0.001),下调 N-cadherin 蛋白表达(F=68.9,P<0.001)、Vimentin 蛋白表达(F=82.6,P<0.001)。细胞Western blot 结果显示,与对照组相比,模型组细胞 E-cadherin、ZO-1蛋白表达降低,分别降至对照组的63.7%(95% CI:0.589~0.675,P<0.001)、57.1%(95% CI:0.494~0.706,P<0.001)。细胞 RT-qPCR 结果显示,与模型组相比,叶酸干预组E-cadherinm RNA表达量增加(F=8.5,P=0.007)、ZO-1 mRNA 表达量增加(F=31.5,P<0.001),N-cadherin mRNA 表达量降低(F=34.1,P<0.001)、Vimentin mRNA表达量降低(F=17.8,P<0.001)。细胞 RT-qPCR 证实,MNNG 可以促进 TGF-β信号通路、Wnt/β-catenin信号通路、JAK/STAT3 信号通路关键 mRNA的转录,激活其下游转录因子 snail、ZEB1 mRNA转录,而叶酸可拮抗该过程。

结论

叶酸对 MNNG 诱导的食管上皮-间质转化有一定的保护能力,这可能与其抑制 JAK/STAT3 信号通路的激活相关。

食管癌  /  上皮-间质转化  /  叶酸  /  N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍  /  JAK/STAT3 信号通路
Objective

To investigate the protective effect of folic acid on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by N-methyl-N ’-nitro-n-nitroguanidine (MNNG) and its signaling mechanism.

Methods

SD rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose folate groups (1.25, 2.5, 5 mg/kg), control group was given 10 mL/kg normal saline, and other groups were given 25 mg/kg MNNG.All were administered with free drinking water once a day for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, the expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin protein was observed by immunohistochemistry. The expressions of E-cadherin, ZO-1, N-cadherin and Vimentin were detected by Western blot. In vitro (0.1, 0.2, 0.4 μg/mL), the concentration of folic acid was treated with 20 μmol/L MNNG for 24 h, and the mRNA transcription levels of E-cadherin, ZO-1, N-cadherin, Vimentin, TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT 3 signaling pathways were detected by RT-qPCR. The expressions of E-cadherin, ZO-1, N-cadherin and Vimentin were detected by Western blot.

Results

Compared with the model group, folic acid could improve the precancerous lesions caused by MNNG, up-regulate the expression of E-cadherin (F=90.3,P<0.001) and ZO-1 protein (F=188.9,P<0.001), and down-regulate the expression of N-cadherin (F=68.9,P<0.001) and Vimentin protein (F=82.6,P<0.001). The results of cell Western blot showed that compared with the control group, the expression levels of E-cadherin and ZO-1 were decreased, decreasing to 63.7% (95%CI: 0.589-0.675, P<0.001) and 57.1% (95%CI: 0.494-0.706, P<0.001) of the control group. Cell RT-qPCR results showed that compared with the model group, E-cadherin mRNA levels were increased (F=8.5, P=0.007), the expression of ZO-1 mRNA increased (F=31.5, P<0001), N-cadherin mRNA levels were decreased (F=34.1, P<0.001), and the expression of Vimentin mRNA decreased (F=17.8, P<0.001).Cell RT-qPCR confirmed that MNNG can promote the transcription of key mRNA in TGF-β signaling pathway, Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway, and JAK/STAT 3 signaling pathway. The downstream transcription factors snail and ZEB1 mRNA transcription were activated, while folic acid could antagonize the process.

Conclusion

Folic acid has certain protective ability against MNNG induced esophageal epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, which may be related to inhibiting the activation of JAK/ STAT3 signaling pathway.

Esophageal cancer  /  EMT  /  Folic acid  /  MNNG  /  JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway
付雪妮, 彭才婷, 任奕慧, 梁媛, 程遂志, 聂玉红, 巫唐辉, 余佳, 陈泓晓, 高怡, 刘振中. 叶酸对N-甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍致食管上皮-间质转化保护作用的机制研究. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (10) : 1775 -1781 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411292
Xue-ni FU, Cai-ting PENG, Yi-hui REN, Yuan LIANG, Sui-zhi CHENG, Yu-hong NIE, Tang-hui WU, Jia YU, Hong-xiao CHEN, Yi GAO, Zhen-zhong LIU. The protective effect of folic acid esophageal epithelial mesenchymal transition induced by N-methyl-N’-nitro-n-nitroguanidine[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (10) : 1775 -1781 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411292
食管癌(Esophageal cancer ,EC )是全球第 11 大最常见的癌症,也是第 7 大癌症死亡原因,其发生率、致死率和组织病理学在地理区域上存在显著差异[1]。在食管癌高发地区,饮食中的亚硝酸盐含量明显增高,与患病率呈明显正相关[2]。食管癌的生存率较低,五年生存率仅为20%~35%。大多数食管癌病例往往是在晚期被诊断,因此治疗选择有限[3-4]。上皮-间质转化(epithelial mesenchymal transition,EMT)是一个细胞过程,在这个过程中,上皮细胞失去一些上皮特征,获得了间充质表型以及迁移和侵入周围组织的能力,被认为是器官纤维化和癌症进展和转移的关键驱动因素[5]。EMT受众多信号分子交互调控,其中 TGF-β、Wnt/β-catenin、JAK/STAT3等信号通路及其下游转录因子均在该过程中发挥重要作用[6-7]
甲基-N’-硝基-N-亚硝基胍(MNNG)是一种人工合成的亚硝胺类化合物,可模拟从腌制和熏制食品等食物中摄入过量硝酸盐的影响[8]。MNNG 具有很强的诱变能力,可引起 DNA 链上的碱基烷基化并产生致癌性,能诱发大鼠胃癌、食管癌和结直肠癌等多种癌症[9]。叶酸( Folic acid ,FA )是一种水溶性 B 族维生素,主要存在于绿叶蔬菜、豆类、谷物[10]。众多的流行病学研究资料均表明,叶酸缺乏会增加人群肿瘤发病风险[11]。针对食管,叶酸的摄入与食管癌患病风险呈负相关[12]。目前,叶酸对N-亚硝基化合物致食管EMT保护作用的研究较少,具体机制尚未完全明确。本实验通过建立体内外叶酸干预 MNNG致食管上皮-间质转化模型,研究MNNG的诱变作用和叶酸的保护作用机制,为叶酸干预亚硝胺类环境致癌物致食管上皮-间质转化的作用机制提供理论和实验依据。
健康雌性SD大鼠30只,体重(180±20) g ,SPF级,由川北医学院实验动物中心提供。动物生产证号:SCXK(川)-2018-18,使用证号:SYXK(川)-076。饲养于川北医学院实验动物中心 SPF级动物饲养间,12小时光照/黑夜循环,相对恒温(25℃),恒湿(75%)。动物实验经川北医学院动物实验伦理委员会批准(Appl. No. 02/2022)。
人食管永生化上皮细胞Het-1A (上海名劲生物科技有限公司),MNNG(上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司),叶酸(北京索莱宝科技有限公司),DMSO(北京索莱宝科技有限公司),1%细胞生长因子、1%双抗(美国 Sciencell 研究实验室),CCK- 8 试剂、EDU 染色试剂盒、BCA 蛋白定量试剂盒、1% PMSF 、1%磷酸酶抑制剂、HRP 标记山羊抗兔 IgG 、HRP 标记山羊抗小鼠 IgG (碧云天公司),Trizol 试剂盒(美国 Thermo Fisher 公司),ECL 发光试剂(上海七海复泰生物科技有限公司),兔 N-cadherin 、Vimentin 、ZO-1 多克隆抗体( proteintech 公司)。
酶标仪(美国 Thermo Fisher 公司),实时荧光定量 PCR 仪(伯乐生命医学产品上海有限公司),基因扩增仪(杭州朗基科学仪器有限公司),高速微量冷冻离心机(青岛海特生物医疗有限公司),一体式化学发光成像仪(上海勤翔科学仪器有限公司)。
将 30 只 SPF级雌性SD大鼠适应性饲养1周后,按大鼠体重随机分为5组,每组6只,分别为对照组,模型组,叶酸低、中、高剂量组,动物均采用自由饮水的方式给药,每天1次。第1周,三个叶酸组动物分别给予1.25、2.5和5 mg/kg叶酸饮水处理12 h,其他组别动物给予生理盐水;从第2周开始,模型组和叶酸低、中、高剂量组按 25 mg/kg剂量给予动物 MNNG饮水12 h,随后叶酸低、中、高剂量组分别给予1.25、2.5和5 mg/kg叶酸饮水12 h,模型组和对照组给予动物含有DMSO生理盐水。定期记录大鼠的体重、饮水量、进食量的变化。给药12周后,处死大鼠,收集食管组织。
常规复苏人食管永生化上皮细胞Het-1A后,将细胞用鼠尾胶原蛋白Ⅰ包被培养在含98%Bronchial Epithelial Cell Medium、1%细胞生长因子及1%双抗的培养液中,当细胞生长至培养皿面积的80%时,消化细胞,按照1:2分皿传代。向空白对照组中加入单纯培养基;叶酸阳性对照组加入0.4 μg/mL叶酸;模型组加入20 μmol/L MNNG ;叶酸不同剂量均先使用 20 μmol/L MNNG 染毒后,吸弃染毒培养液,加入0.1、0.2、0.4 μg/mL叶酸继续培养,收集细胞进行相关实验指标检测。
①150 μg/mL的MNNG:取用30 mg的MNNG粉末,加入DMSO溶液4 mL,使其充分溶解,后将其稀释为150 μg/mL的MNNG,供大鼠自由饮用。②20 μmol/L的MNNG:取4.4 g的MNNG粉末,加入DMSO溶液30 mL,使其充分溶解,制成1 mol/L的MNNG母液,分装后-20 ℃避光保存。临用时将MNNG储备液稀释为20 μmol/L MNNG,用于细胞实验。
① 0.75、1.5、3 μg/mL的叶酸溶液:取0.6 mg叶酸粉末,加入生理盐水100 mL,使其 充分溶解,制成6 μg/mL的叶酸溶液。临用时将其稀释为0.75、1.5、3 μg/mL的叶酸溶液,供大鼠自由饮用。② 0.1、0.2、0.4 μg/mL的叶酸溶液:取10 mg叶酸粉末,加入生理盐水100 ml,使其充分溶解,制成100 μg/mL的叶酸储备液,分装后-80℃避光保存。临用时将叶酸储备液稀释为0.1、0.2、0.4 μg/mL叶酸溶液,用于细胞实验。
采用免疫组化观察食管组织E-cadherin、N-cadherin表达。经脱蜡、修复后,滴加山羊血清室温封闭20 min,滴加一抗(E-cadherin 1:100、N-cadherin 1:100),4 ℃过夜。PBS 洗涤后加入相应二抗(山羊抗兔IgG 1:200),37 ℃孵育30 min 后,DAB室温显色。苏木素复染3 min,梯度脱水、透明、封片。
使用Trizol试剂盒提取细胞总RNA,逆转录合成cDNA,以 GAPDH为内参,基于SYBR Green的实时PCR以确定mRNA的相对表达量,进行后续实时定量PCR反应。所有实时反应均使用 BIO-RAD CFX96 Real-TimeSystem进行,相对表达水平用2-△△Ct方法进行计算。
洗涤和收集不同干预剂量培养的细胞和大鼠食管组织,裂解、离心、取上清液。采用BCA蛋白定量试剂盒进行蛋白浓度测定,制备10% SDS-PAGE 凝胶后,加入蛋白样品、转膜、封闭。按各抗体说明书稀释抗体后,一抗4 ℃孵育过夜,洗脱 3 次,二抗室温孵育1 h ,洗脱 3 次,使用 ECL 发光试剂检测目的蛋白,利用Image J软件分析灰度值。
采用SPSS 26.0统计软件进行统计分析。先对各组数据进行方差分析,组间比较用LSD法,实验数据以表示,P<0.05说明差异具有统计学意义。用Graphpad Prism 9绘图软件进行绘图。
给予大鼠MNNG暴露及叶酸干预后,与对照组相比,模型组E-cadherin蛋白表达下降40.8%(95%CI:0.345~0.469,P<0.001),与模型组相比,上皮表型标记蛋白 E-cadherin表达回升(F=90.3,P<0.001)、ZO-1表达回升(F=188.9,P<0.001)。在MNNG暴露后,间质表型标记蛋白 Vimentin表达水平增加119.5%(95% CI:-1.303~-0.867,P<0.001)、N-cadherin表达水平增加55.7%(95% CI:-0.671~-0.435,P<0.001)。给予叶酸干预后,Vimentin 蛋白表达水平明显下降(F=82.6,P<0.001)、N-cadherin 蛋白表达水平明显下降(F=68.9,P<0.001)。图1C、D表明,随着叶酸浓度增加,Vimentin、N-cadherin 蛋白表达呈下降趋势。
E-cadherin阳性表达为细胞膜呈棕黄色着色。与对照组相比,MNNG 染毒组后,组织中蛋白表达量降低95.6%(95%CI:4.967~8.139,P<0.001),与模型组相比,叶酸剂量组蛋白表达量出现回升,组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=45.9,P<0.001) N-cadherin阳性信号定位于细胞质,呈黄色或棕黄色颗粒,其在正常食管粘膜组织中仅轻微表达,而在模型组中呈强阳性,随着叶酸干预剂量的提高,叶酸低、中、高剂量组的表达依次降低(F=29.6,P<0.001)见图2
通过RT-qPCR检测Het-1A细胞在MNNG染毒后EMT相关mRNA 转录水平的变化。与对照组相比,E-cadherin mRNA表达量下降(F=11.4,P=0.003)、ZO-1mRNA表达量下降(F=17.6,P<0.001),N-cadherin mRNA表达量增加(F=10.8,P=0.003)、Vimentin mRNA表达量增加(F=29.3,P<0.001),见图3。加入叶酸进行干预后,E-cadherin mRNA表达量增加(F=8.5,P=0.007)、ZO-1 mRNA表达量增加(F=31.5,P<0.001),N-cadherin mRNA表达量显著降低(F=34.1,P<0.001)、Vimentin mRNA 表达量显著降低(F=17.8,P<0.001),见图4
给予Het-1A细胞MNNG暴露及叶酸干预后,与对照组相比,模型组上皮标志蛋白 E-cadherin表达下降63.7%(95%CI:0.589~0.675,P<0.001)、ZO-1表达下降57.1%(95%CI:0.494~0.706,P<0.001)。与模型组相比,E-cadherin 、ZO-1表达均上升,且随叶酸浓度的增加,E-cadherin、ZO-1蛋白表达量呈升高趋势,0.4μg/mL叶酸下最高增加78.1%(95%CI:-0.342~-0.238,P<0.001)、123.3%(95%CI:-0.662~-0.451,P<0.001),见图5A、B。在MNNG暴露后,间质标志蛋白 N-cadherin、Vimentin蛋白表达水平增加,分别增加128.1%(95%CI:-1.363~-1.183,P<0.001)、99.9%(95%CI:-1.165~-0.873,P<0.001)。给予叶酸干预后,N-cadherin蛋白表达下降(F=267.8,P<0.001)、Vimentin蛋白表达下降(F=250.9,P<0.001),且随叶酸浓度的增加呈下降趋势,见图5
给予Het-1A细胞MNNG染毒24 h 后,Smad3 mRNA表达无明显变化,JAK、STAT3、TGF-β、Smad2、β-catenin、ZEB1 mRNA的表达出现明显上升,见图6A。在给予叶酸干预的实验中,与空白组相比,JAK mRNA表达量出现明显上升592.6%(95%CI:-6.869~-5.676,P<0.001),与模型组相比,JAK mRNA表达量出现明显下降(F=841.1,P<0.001),且随叶酸浓度的增加呈下降趋势,其余与EMT相关信号通路及转录因子的mRNA变化不明显,见图6
我国食管癌高发于为河北、河南、山西、福建、四川,其中以河南林州、河北磁县、河北涉县、四川盐亭尤甚[13]。食管癌的发生是一种多基因、多因素参与,多阶段进行的一个复杂过程,主要是由食管上皮细胞的异常生长引起的[14]。MNNG 作为 N -亚硝基化合物,具有很强的致癌作用,可能会诱发食管癌的发生。上皮-间质转化(EMT)是癌细胞侵袭和转移的根源。本研究通过体内和体外实验发现,MNNG可以使食管上皮细胞的E-cadherin、ZO-1的表达下降,Vimentin、N-cadherin的表达上升,这表明 MNNG 可以诱导食管上皮-间质转化的发生,与 Zhang等研究结果一致[15]
叶酸( Folic Acid ,FA )是一种由对氨基苯甲酸的芳香蝶啶环和谷氨酸残基组成的水溶性B族维生素,主要存在于蔬菜和水果中。Xiao 等人通过对492293人的大型队列研究后发现,低剂量叶酸摄入与食管鳞状细胞癌的发生风险呈明显正相关[16]。本研究体内动物实验表明,叶酸干预后,E-cadherin 、ZO-1 蛋白表达上升,N-cadherin 、Vimentin 蛋白表达下降,这说明叶酸可以有效减缓 MNNG 导致的食管上皮-间质转化。与此同时,我们用 Het-1A 细胞做了体外实验,也发现叶酸对 MNNG 导致的食管上皮-间质转化有保护作用。其他研究证明,叶酸还可以抑制宫颈癌Siha细胞和肝细胞 EMT 的发生,进而抑制宫颈癌和肝癌的发生和发展[17-18]
JAK/STAT信号通路作为经典的致癌信号通路,参与癌细胞的生长、迁移、分化和凋亡[19]。谭豆豆的研究表明干扰 STAT3 可使食管癌细胞周期阻滞在S期,使细胞凋亡率增加,抑制细胞的增殖,迁移和侵袭[20]。在本实验中我们发现,给予细胞 MNNG 染毒后,TGF-β ,Wnt/β-catenin ,JAK/STAT3 信号通路的激活均出现激活。给予叶酸干预之后,JAK 的 mRNA 在转录水平的变化最为明显。这表明JAK 通路在叶酸保护 MNNG 诱发食管-上皮间质转化的过程中作用最为关键,这种变化将会成为下一步实验所关注的重点。转录因子snail、ZEB1表达也均出现上升。但上述过程在蛋白的表达情况未做探索,这可能在蛋白翻译和修饰过程中涉及的一些表观调控机制在本研究未被阐明。目前,本研究中叶酸调节 JAK/STAT3 信号通路的具体机制处于初步探索阶段,具体的的作用和调控方式需要进一步验证。
  • 四川省卫生健康委员会科研项目(19PJ199)
  • 川北医学院博士科研基金项目(CBY17-QD06)
  • 大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310634009)
  • 大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410634066)
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2025年第52卷第10期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411292
  • 接收时间:2024-11-14
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2025-05-25
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-14
基金
四川省卫生健康委员会科研项目(19PJ199)
川北医学院博士科研基金项目(CBY17-QD06)
大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202310634009)
大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202410634066)
作者信息
    1.川北医学院公共卫生学院,四川 南充 637000
    2.山西医科大学公共卫生学院

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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