Article(id=1240972422590026015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240972413354176744, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312440, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1703347200000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773800481698, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1715270400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773800481698, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773800481698, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773800481698, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240972413354176744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='9', pageStart='1537', pageEnd='1728', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773800479495, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773800596829, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240972905568334240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240972413354176744, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240972905568334241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240972413354176744, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1660, endPage=1664, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240972422925570355, articleId=1240972422590026015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Analysis of the double-edged sword effect of online social participation on the health of the elderly, columnId=1228016572451718132, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health and Social Behavior, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the mechanism of online social participation affecting the health of the elderly through online social support and online risk exposure, and to explain the regulatory role of intergenerational cohabitation.

Methods

The data of online social participation and health status of people over 60 years old in Henan Province in 2023 were selected, and the moderated mediating effect, moderating effect, and regulated mediating effect were tested with the moderated intermediary effect model in PROCESS4.0 macro program.

Results

Online social participation positively affected online social support (β=1.734, P < 0.001) and online risk exposure (β=1.453, P < 0.001). Online social support positively affected physical health (β=0.183, P < 0.001) and mental health (β=0.398, P < 0.001). Online risk exposure negatively affected physical health (β=-0.490,P < 0.001) and mental health (β=-0.598, P < 0.001). The interaction between online social participation and intergenerational cohabitation negatively affected online risk exposure (β=-0.784, P < 0.001), and the mediating effect differences between intergenerational cohabitation group and non-intergenerational cohabitation group were 0.384 (95%CI: 0.146-0.678) and 0.469(95%CI: 0.205-0.778) respectively on the physical/mental health path of online social participation.

Conclusion

Online social participation has a positive impact on the physical and mental health of the elderly through online social support, and a negative impact on physical and mental health through online risk exposure. Intergenerational cohabitation weakens the positive impact of online social participation on online risk exposure and the intermediary effect of online risk exposure.

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目的

探究线上社会参与通过线上社会支持和线上风险暴露影响老年人健康的作用机制,并阐释代际同住的调节作用。

方法

选用2023年河南省≥60岁人群线上社会参与及健康状况调查数据,用PROCESS4.0宏程序中有调节的中介效应模型检验中介效应、调节效应和被调节的中介效应。

结果

线上社会参与正向影响线上社会支持(β=1.734,P<0.001)和线上风险暴露(β=1.453,P<0.001);线上社会支持正向影响生理健康(β=0.183,P<0.05)和心理健康(β= 0.398,P<0.001);线上风险暴露负向影响生理健康(β=-0.490,P<0.001)和心理健康(β=-0.598,P<0.001);线上社会参与和代际同住的交互项负向影响线上风险暴露(β=-0.784,P<0.001);在线上社会参与→线上风险暴露→生理健康/心理健康路径上,代际同住组和非代际同住组的中介效应差值分别为0.384(95%CI:0.146 ~ 0.678)、0.469(95%CI:0.205 ~ 0.778),有统计学意义。

结论

线上社会参与通过线上社会支持正向影响老年人身心健康,通过线上风险暴露负向影响身心健康;代际同住弱化了线上社会参与对线上风险暴露的正向影响,以及线上风险暴露的中介效应。

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吴焕,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=oNpq754iqmXllDUarkBf1Q==, magXml=Ctwmm0WswKwVxLF+LzB8XA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=KBieQnLyjxCreXhQEy+HZg==, pdfFileSize=557325, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=jftamCZDl0PCUS7eIJEVjQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=3l6cinmrixlCYwABPhTdWw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

吴焕(1982—),女,硕士,副教授,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理研究

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Basic characteristics of research participants

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量类别频数(%)/(
性别111(43.191)
146(56.809)
年龄(岁)60~6465(25.292)
65~6983(32.296)
70~7460(23.346)
≥7549(19.066)
文化程度小学及以下135(52.529)
初中60(23.346)
中专/高中36(14.008)
大专及以上26(10.117)
家庭人均月收入(元)<2 000119(46.303)
2 000~2 99943(16.732)
3 000~4 99959(22.957)
≥5 00036(14.008)
代际同住138(53.696)
119(46.304)
线上社会参与11.031±6.685
生理健康61.357±15.208
心理健康60.122±13.436
线上社会支持33.802±15.589
线上风险暴露20.926±11.583
), ArticleFig(id=1240986262048404017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972422590026015, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

调查样本的基本信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量类别频数(%)/(
性别111(43.191)
146(56.809)
年龄(岁)60~6465(25.292)
65~6983(32.296)
70~7460(23.346)
≥7549(19.066)
文化程度小学及以下135(52.529)
初中60(23.346)
中专/高中36(14.008)
大专及以上26(10.117)
家庭人均月收入(元)<2 000119(46.303)
2 000~2 99943(16.732)
3 000~4 99959(22.957)
≥5 00036(14.008)
代际同住138(53.696)
119(46.304)
线上社会参与11.031±6.685
生理健康61.357±15.208
心理健康60.122±13.436
线上社会支持33.802±15.589
线上风险暴露20.926±11.583
), ArticleFig(id=1240986262174233147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972422590026015, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Correlation analysis results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量线上社会参与生理健康心理健康线上社会支持线上风险暴露
线上社会参与
生理健康0.177**
心理健康0.0560.455***
线上社会支持0.761***0.189**0.200**
线上风险暴露0.711***-0.269**-0.376**0.615***
代际同住-0.220***0.0070.067-0.128*-0.176**
), ArticleFig(id=1240986262409114186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972422590026015, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

研究变量的相关性分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量线上社会参与生理健康心理健康线上社会支持线上风险暴露
线上社会参与
生理健康0.177**
心理健康0.0560.455***
线上社会支持0.761***0.189**0.200**
线上风险暴露0.711***-0.269**-0.376**0.615***
代际同住-0.220***0.0070.067-0.128*-0.176**
), ArticleFig(id=1240986262530749007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972422590026015, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Results of full model path analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1
线上社会支持
模型2
线上风险暴露
模型3
生理健康
模型4
心理健康
控制变量
性别0.6070.1591.219-0.083
年龄-0.4160.1420.526-2.780
文化程度1.3910.755-0.005-0.505
家庭人均月收入0.077-0.6271.3811.873**
自变量
线上社会参与1.734***1.453***0.594*0.130
中介变量
线上社会支持0.183*0.398***
线上风险暴露-0.490***-0.598***
调节变量
代际同住1.715-0.537
交互项
线上社会参与×代际同住-0.098-0.784***
R2值0.5870.5510.1190.228
F50.647***43.700***4.800***10.495***
), ArticleFig(id=1240986262669161051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972422590026015, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

全模型路径分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量模型1
线上社会支持
模型2
线上风险暴露
模型3
生理健康
模型4
心理健康
控制变量
性别0.6070.1591.219-0.083
年龄-0.4160.1420.526-2.780
文化程度1.3910.755-0.005-0.505
家庭人均月收入0.077-0.6271.3811.873**
自变量
线上社会参与1.734***1.453***0.594*0.130
中介变量
线上社会支持0.183*0.398***
线上风险暴露-0.490***-0.598***
调节变量
代际同住1.715-0.537
交互项
线上社会参与×代际同住-0.098-0.784***
R2值0.5870.5510.1190.228
F50.647***43.700***4.800***10.495***
), ArticleFig(id=1240986262996316774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972422590026015, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Analysis results of mediating effects moderated by intergenerational cohabitation

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中介路径分组中介效应值(95%CI标准误
路径1:线上社会参与→线上社会支持→生理健康代际同住0.300(0.027~0.622)0.151
非代际同住0.318(0.027~0.621)0.149
差值-0.018(-0.099~0.070)0.041
路径2:线上社会参与→线上风险暴露→生理健康代际同住-0.328(-0.575~-0.145)0.111
非代际同住-0.712(-1.124~-0.358)0.195
差值0.384(0.146~0.678)0.138
路径3:线上社会参与→线上社会支持→心理健康代际同住0.651(0.381~0.981)0.152
非代际同住0.690(0.426~0.990)0.144
差值-0.039(-0.204~0.123)0.083
路径4:线上社会参与→线上风险暴露→心理健康代际同住-0.400(-0.643~-0.215)0.111
非代际同住-0.869(-1.242~-0.547)0.178
差值0.469(0.205~0.778)0.146
), ArticleFig(id=1240986263147311728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972422590026015, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

被调节的中介效应分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
中介路径分组中介效应值(95%CI标准误
路径1:线上社会参与→线上社会支持→生理健康代际同住0.300(0.027~0.622)0.151
非代际同住0.318(0.027~0.621)0.149
差值-0.018(-0.099~0.070)0.041
路径2:线上社会参与→线上风险暴露→生理健康代际同住-0.328(-0.575~-0.145)0.111
非代际同住-0.712(-1.124~-0.358)0.195
差值0.384(0.146~0.678)0.138
路径3:线上社会参与→线上社会支持→心理健康代际同住0.651(0.381~0.981)0.152
非代际同住0.690(0.426~0.990)0.144
差值-0.039(-0.204~0.123)0.083
路径4:线上社会参与→线上风险暴露→心理健康代际同住-0.400(-0.643~-0.215)0.111
非代际同住-0.869(-1.242~-0.547)0.178
差值0.469(0.205~0.778)0.146
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线上社会参与对老年人健康的双刃剑效应分析
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吴焕 , 王桂霞 , 聂丽
现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2024,51(9): 1660-1664
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现代预防医学 | 健康与社会行为 2024, 51(9): 1660-1664
线上社会参与对老年人健康的双刃剑效应分析
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吴焕 , 王桂霞, 聂丽
作者信息
  • 新乡医学院卫生健康管理学院,河南 新乡 453003
  • 吴焕(1982—),女,硕士,副教授,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理研究

通讯作者:

吴焕,E-mail:
Analysis of the double-edged sword effect of online social participation on the health of the elderly
Huan WU , Gui-xia WANG, Li NIE
Affiliations
  • School of Health and Health Management, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China
出版时间: 2024-05-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312440
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目的

探究线上社会参与通过线上社会支持和线上风险暴露影响老年人健康的作用机制,并阐释代际同住的调节作用。

方法

选用2023年河南省≥60岁人群线上社会参与及健康状况调查数据,用PROCESS4.0宏程序中有调节的中介效应模型检验中介效应、调节效应和被调节的中介效应。

结果

线上社会参与正向影响线上社会支持(β=1.734,P<0.001)和线上风险暴露(β=1.453,P<0.001);线上社会支持正向影响生理健康(β=0.183,P<0.05)和心理健康(β= 0.398,P<0.001);线上风险暴露负向影响生理健康(β=-0.490,P<0.001)和心理健康(β=-0.598,P<0.001);线上社会参与和代际同住的交互项负向影响线上风险暴露(β=-0.784,P<0.001);在线上社会参与→线上风险暴露→生理健康/心理健康路径上,代际同住组和非代际同住组的中介效应差值分别为0.384(95%CI:0.146 ~ 0.678)、0.469(95%CI:0.205 ~ 0.778),有统计学意义。

结论

线上社会参与通过线上社会支持正向影响老年人身心健康,通过线上风险暴露负向影响身心健康;代际同住弱化了线上社会参与对线上风险暴露的正向影响,以及线上风险暴露的中介效应。

线上社会参与  /  线上社会支持  /  线上风险暴露  /  健康  /  老年人
Objective

To explore the mechanism of online social participation affecting the health of the elderly through online social support and online risk exposure, and to explain the regulatory role of intergenerational cohabitation.

Methods

The data of online social participation and health status of people over 60 years old in Henan Province in 2023 were selected, and the moderated mediating effect, moderating effect, and regulated mediating effect were tested with the moderated intermediary effect model in PROCESS4.0 macro program.

Results

Online social participation positively affected online social support (β=1.734, P < 0.001) and online risk exposure (β=1.453, P < 0.001). Online social support positively affected physical health (β=0.183, P < 0.001) and mental health (β=0.398, P < 0.001). Online risk exposure negatively affected physical health (β=-0.490,P < 0.001) and mental health (β=-0.598, P < 0.001). The interaction between online social participation and intergenerational cohabitation negatively affected online risk exposure (β=-0.784, P < 0.001), and the mediating effect differences between intergenerational cohabitation group and non-intergenerational cohabitation group were 0.384 (95%CI: 0.146-0.678) and 0.469(95%CI: 0.205-0.778) respectively on the physical/mental health path of online social participation.

Conclusion

Online social participation has a positive impact on the physical and mental health of the elderly through online social support, and a negative impact on physical and mental health through online risk exposure. Intergenerational cohabitation weakens the positive impact of online social participation on online risk exposure and the intermediary effect of online risk exposure.

Online social participation  /  Online social support  /  Online risk exposure  /  Health  /  Elderly
吴焕, 王桂霞, 聂丽. 线上社会参与对老年人健康的双刃剑效应分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (9) : 1660 -1664 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312440
Huan WU, Gui-xia WANG, Li NIE. Analysis of the double-edged sword effect of online social participation on the health of the elderly[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (9) : 1660 -1664 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312440
社会参与是老年人健康可改变的决定性因素[1]。随着数字化时代的发展和互联网应用适老化改造的推进,老年网民数量持续增加。2022年我国≥60岁的网民数量为1.53亿,占老年人口的54.64%,比2021年增加10个百分点[2]。基于以上社会背景,老年人线上社会参与对其健康的影响成为学者们关注的焦点。
以往研究中有学者发现老年人线上参与对认知功能、心理健康和自评健康有改善作用[3-4];也有学者发现线上社会参与会增加老年人的孤独感[5],过度的线上社会参与对老年人生理和心理健康均有负面影响[6]。这些研究结果的不一致说明线上社会参与对老年人健康的影响具有复杂性。进一步文献梳理发现,关于线上社会参与对健康作用机制的探索主要聚焦于积极视角,从消极视角或双视角对影响机制的研究较为少见[7-8]。因此,有必要整合积极和消极双视角,探讨线上社会参与对老年人健康的双刃剑效应。
资源保存理论认为个体倾向于保存、维持他们认为有价值的资源[9]。依据该理论,老年人会主动采取资源管理策略来获取能够维护自己身心健康的资源增量。线上社会参与能够帮助老年人通过互联网获得来自家人、朋友或其他组织及个人的支持资源。此外,一项系统回顾发现线上社会支持可以提升个体的身心健康[10]。因此,本研究提出假设H1:老年人线上社会参与通过线上社会支持正向影响其健康。
技术价值负荷理论认为所有的技术进步都有相应代价,每项技术都隐含无法预料的后果。线上社会参与是一种以数字信息技术为支撑的“超真实”体验,其虚拟化、符号化等特点使老年人在参与过程中可能会经历网络欺诈、信息泄露等诸多风险。这些风险会导致老年人产生负性情绪和错误认知,进而对身心健康产生消极作用。以往有研究发现网络风险对居民健康水平有显著负影响[11-12]。因此,本研究提出假设H2:老年人线上社会参与通过线上风险暴露负向影响其健康。
伴随个体的衰老,老年人在社会参与中更偏向和熟悉的社会网络成员进行互动。家庭成员是老年人重要的护航者,代际同住意味着其在现实世界可以获得更多支持,进而减少线上社会支持需求。此外,代际同住有利于子女协助老年人提高上网技能,识别和防范网络风险。因此,本研究提出假设H3:代际同住负向调节线上社会参与和线上社会支持的关系;H4:代际同住负向调节线上社会参与和线上风险暴露的关系。
结合H1~H4,本研究进一步提出被调节的中介效应假设H5:代际同住弱化线上社会支持的中介效应;H6:代际同住弱化线上风险暴露的中介效应。
综上,本研究绘制的理论假设模型见图1
数据来自2023年7月河南省老年人线上社会参与及健康状况调查。纳入标准:(1)年龄≥60岁;(2)目前在河南省居住≥6个月;(3)具备一定的认知和沟通能力;(4)知情且自愿参加调查。调查采取方便抽样法,共发放280份问卷,剔除答案不完整或有逻辑错误的问卷23份,最终收回有效问卷257份。为保证数据质量,调查采取现场调查形式进行,所有调查员均接受调查前培训并通过考核。本研究已通过新乡医学院伦理委员会批准(批号:XYLL—20230337)。
(1)因变量本研究从生理和心理两个维度考察老年人的健康状况。采用自测健康评定量表(SRHMSV1.0)进行测量[13]。生理子量表17个条目,心理子量表15个条目,所有条目均有0~10分的回答选项,在对反向条目得分处理后,总分越高则健康状况越好。本研究中生理和心理两个子量表的Cronbach α值分别为0.918和0.876。
(2)自变量通过参考洪燕等[14]对老年人线上社会参与内容的研究,从社交、休闲娱乐、购物、学习和公益等五类活动对老年人线上社会参与水平进行综合测量。每个活动参与情况由1个条目测量,所有条目均采用6级李克特量表评分,总分越高则线上社会参与度越高。本研究中该量表的Cronbach α值为0.903。
(3)中介变量借鉴Nick等[15]设计的线上社会支持量表,结合研究情境修订后对老年人线上社会支持水平进行测量。量表包括信息支持、情感支持、陪伴支持和工具支持四个维度,14个条目。所有条目均使用5级李克特量表评分,总分越高则线上社会支持水平越高。本研究中该量表的Cronbach α值为0.979。
借鉴Maghsoudi等[16]设计的线上风险暴露量表,结合研究情境修订后对老年人线上风险暴露程度进行测量。量表包括信息泄露、网络欺凌、网络欺诈以及不良和违法内容四个维度,12个条目。所有条目均使用5级李克特量表评分,总分越高则线上风险暴露程度越高。本研究中该量表的Cronbach α值为0.980。
(4)调节变量代际同住被设置为一个二分类变量,通过对“您现在与谁同住?”问题的答案重新编码获得。选择“与配偶、子女同住”或“与子女同住”赋值1,表示代际同住;选择“仅与配偶、独居、养老院、其他”均赋值0,表示非代际同住。
使用SPSS 25.0和PROCESS 4.0宏程序进行数据分析。分类变量用频数、构成比描述,连续变量用(均值±标准差)描述。使用Harman单因素法检验共同方法偏差。使用Pearson相关系数分析连续变量间相关性,使用点二列相关系数分析二分类变量与连续变量间的相关性。使用PROCESS 4.0宏程序中有调节的中介效应模型检验研究假设。检验水准α=0.05。
Harman单因素检验结果显示,4个变量未旋转的探索性因子分析共提取9个特征值大于1的因子,其中第一因子解释了总方差的33.404%,低于40%的评价标准。因此,本研究不存在严重的共同方法偏差问题。
257份样本中,男性占比43.191%,低于女性;65~69岁年龄段占比最高,为32.296%,≥75岁年龄段占比最低,为19.066%;初中及以下文化程度累积占比高达75.875%;家庭人均月收入<2 000元占比最高,为46.303%;代际同住占比为53.696%。被调查者线上社会参与、生理健康、心理健康、线上社会支持和线上风险暴露得分依次为(11.031±6.685)、(61.357±15.208)、(60.122±13.436)、(33.802±15.589)和(20.926±11.583)分。见表1
线上社会参与分别和线上社会支持(r=0.761)、线上风险暴露正相关(r=0.711);线上社会支持分别和生理健康(r=0.189)、心理健康正相关(r=0.200);线上风险暴露分别和生理健康(r=-0.269)、心理健康负相关(r=-0.376);代际同住分别和线上社会支持(r=-0.128)、线上风险暴露负相关(r=-0.176)。相关性分析结果为研究假设提供了初步支持。见表2
本研究用SPSS 25.0中的PROCESS 4.0宏程序对研究假设进行检验,为保证检验结果的稳健性,将样本基本人口学特征作为控制变量纳入检验模型。
表3所示,模型1中线上社会参与对线上社会支持有正向影响(β=1.734,P<0.001),模型3和模型4中线上社会支持分别对生理健康和心理健康有正向影响(β=0.183,P<0.05;β=0.398,P<0.001),说明线上社会支持在线上社会参与和健康之间有正向中介效应,假设H1成立。模型2中线上社会参与对线上风险暴露有正向影响(β=1.453,P<0.001),模型3和模型4中线上风险暴露分别对生理健康和心理健康有负向影响(β=-0.490,P<0.001;β=-0.598,P<0.001),说明线上风险暴露在线上社会参与和健康之间有负向中介效应,假设H2成立。
表3模型1中,线上社会参与和代际同住的交互项对线上社会支持的负向影响无统计学意义(β=-0.098,P>0.05),说明代际同住对线上社会参与和线上社会支持之间的关系无调节效应,假设H3不成立。模型2中,线上社会参与和代际同住的交互项对线上风险暴露的负向影响有统计学意义(β=-0.784,P<0.001),说明代际同住对线上社会参与和线上风险暴露之间的关系有负向调节效应,假设H4成立。
表4所示,在路径1上,代际同住组与非代际同住组中介效应的差值为-0.018(95%CI:-0.099~0.070),说明代际同住对线上社会支持在线上社会参与和生理健康间中介效应的调节作用无统计学意义。在路径3上,代际同住组与非代际同住组中介效应的差值为-0.039(95%CI:-0.204~0.123),说明代际同住对线上社会支持在线上社会参与和心理健康间中介效应的调节作用无统计学意义。因此,假设H5不成立。在路径2上,代际同住组与非代际同住组中介效应的差值为0.384(95%CI:0.146~0.678),说明代际同住弱化了线上风险暴露在线上社会参与和生理健康间的中介效应。在路径4上,代际同住组与非代际同住组中介效应的差值为0.469(95%CI:0.205~0.778),说明代际同住弱化了线上风险暴露在线上社会参与和心理健康间的中介效应。因此,假设H6成立。
研究发现线上社会参与正向影响线上社会支持,线上社会支持正向影响生理和心理健康,即线上社会参与通过线上社会支持对老年人身心健康产生积极作用。这是因为社会支持是个体健康的重要保护要素,以数字媒体发展为基础的线上社会参与,能够避免时间、地点、身体活动功能等因素的限制,增加老年人社交、信息获取、休闲娱乐诸多活动参与的机会,为其提供必要的交流陪伴、情感慰藉、健康信息等支持,进而有利于身心健康水平的提高[8,17-18]
研究发现线上社会参与正向影响网络风险暴露,网络风险暴露负向影响生理和心理健康,即线上社会参与通过网络风险暴露对老年人身心健康产生消极作用。这是由于当前我国网络安全环境问题较多,而老年人数字技能水平有限,随着老年人线上社会参与度提高,必然会面临更多的线上风险暴露[19]。网络风险暴露增加不仅会使老年人产生心理压力,那些与健康相关的虚假、错误信息还会误导他们产生不利于健康的行为,进而对身心健康产生负面影响[11,16]
研究发现代际同住会弱化线上社会参与和线上风险暴露之间的正向关系,以及线上风险暴露在线上社会参与和生理、心理健康间的中介效应。这可能是因为当老年人在线上社会参与受阻时,其首选咨询或求助的对象即为自己的子女,代际同住更利于提高老年人数字素养,以及子女对老年人网络风险进行监督与制止,这些优势可以降低老年人线上风险暴露程度,进而弱化线上社会参与对身心健康的消极影响[20]
与研究预期不同,代际同住对线上社会参与和线上社会支持关系的负向调节作用,以及线上社会支持中介效应的负向调节作用均未得到验证。这或许是因为随着互联网技术的发展,线上社会参与的便捷性、沉浸感等优势不断突显,无论是否与子女同住,老年人通过网络与社会联系并获得支持,都有传统线下社会支持无法替代的意义。因此,不同居住安排组在线上社会参与和线上社会支持关系上无差异。
综上,线上社会参与对老年人身心健康有双刃剑效应,具体地,线上社会参与通过促进线上社会支持对身心健康产生积极作用,通过增加线上风险暴露对身心健康产生消极作用。代际同住能够弱化线上社会参与对线上风险暴露的正向影响,以及线上风险暴露的中介效应。因此,在干预实践中,应辩证地看待线上社会参与,在鼓励老年人利用数字媒体参加社会活动以获取和累积线上社会支持,促进健康水平提升的同时,还应关注线上社会参与所产生的风险暴露对老年人健康的危害。在对老年人线上风险暴露进行干预时,要充分考虑居住安排特征,更加关注那些没有与子女同住的老年人,为其制定个性化干预方案。
  • 国家自然科学基金项目(71804158)
  • 国家社会科学基金项目(22BGL213)
  • 河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目(2024-ZZJH-428)
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2024年第51卷第9期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312440
  • 接收时间:2023-12-24
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-05-10
补充材料
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出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-24
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(71804158)
国家社会科学基金项目(22BGL213)
河南省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目(2024-ZZJH-428)
作者信息
    新乡医学院卫生健康管理学院,河南 新乡 453003

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吴焕,E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/xdyfyx/CN/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312440
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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