Article(id=1240972419750490739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240972413354176744, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401456, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1706025600000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773800481020, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1715270400000, pubDateStr=2024-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773800481020, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773800481020, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773800481020, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240972413354176744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='9', pageStart='1537', pageEnd='1728', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773800479495, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773800596829, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240972905568334240, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240972413354176744, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240972905568334241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240972413354176744, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1654, endPage=1659, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240972420258001559, articleId=1240972419750490739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=The value of procalcitonin combined with palliative performance scale in predicting the prognosis of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment, columnId=1228016567846367388, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Policy and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the predictive value of infection-related blood indexes combined with palliative performance scale (PPS) score in 14-day survival of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment.

Methods

A total of 111 inpatients with pulmonary infection treated in the Department of Palliative Medicine, West China Fourth Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2022 to December 2022 were divided into survival group (n = 53) and death group (n = 58) according to the survival condition of 14 days after treatment. Age, sex, prevalence, infection-related blood index level, and PPS score of the two groups were compared by univariate analysis. Multivariate COX regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the 14-day survival prognosis of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment. The nomogram was constructed and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to verify the predictive performance of the model. The reliability of the model was determined by calibration curve and the clinical practicability of the model was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

Compared with the 14-day survival group, the palliative treatment group had lower PPS score, higher C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, white blood cell, and neutrophil count, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of multivariate COX regression analysis showed that high procalcitonin level (HR=2.201, 95%CI:1.394-3.143) and low PPS score were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment for 14 days (with reference to < 20%, 20%-30%: HR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.183-0.606; 40%-50%: HR=0.125,95%CI: 0.043-0.362; > 50%: HR=0.107, 95%CI: 0.014-0.814). The nomogram was constructed based on procalcitonin combined with PPS score. The area under the ROC curve (AUC value: 0.864, 95%CI: 0.809-0.919), calibration curve, and DCA curve results showed that the model had good predictive efficiency and clinical practicability compared with single index prediction.

Conclusion

Procalcitonin level combined with PPS score is a good predictor of poor prognosis in patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment for 14 days.

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目的

探讨感染相关血液指标联合姑息性表现量表(PPS)评分对姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存情况的预测价值。

方法

选取2022年1—12月四川大学华西第四医院姑息医学科收治的111例肺部感染住院患者作为研究对象,根据患者治疗14 d的生存情况分为生存组(n=53)和死亡组(n=58);通过单因素分析比较两组的年龄、性别、患病情况、感染相关血液指标水平与PPS评分;采用多因素COX回归分析姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存预后的影响因素,构建列线图并采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线验证模型预测性能,通过校准曲线确定模型可靠性并使用决策曲线分析(DCA)评估模型的临床实用性。

结果

与14 d生存组相比,姑息治疗肺部感染死亡组患者的PPS评分更低,C反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞及中性粒细胞计数水平均更高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素COX回归分析结果显示,降钙素原水平高(HR=2.201, 95%CI: 1.394~3.143)与PPS评分低(以<20%为参照,20%~30%: HR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.183~0.606;40%~50%: HR=0.125, 95%CI: 0.043~0.362; >50%: HR=0.107, 95%CI: 0.014~0.814)是姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存预后不良的独立危险因素;降钙素原联合PPS评分构建列线图,ROC曲线下面积(AUC值:0.864, 95%CI: 0.809~0.919)、校准曲线及DCA曲线结果均显示模型相比于单一指标预测具有良好的预测效能及临床实用性。

结论

降钙素原水平联合PPS评分对姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d预后不良具有较好的预测价值。

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邵美瑛,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=gKq/l5BUpRdPC76fzE4umg==, magXml=jVEdHyt8r+AA6kzBjyI4WA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=kEHy1STS8JwKUdOVPEISVg==, pdfFileSize=796164, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=Z2giyBClbdTxOKit9jvNcQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=WZw/qePeSWVKrwP7FzVhpA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

胡新雨(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生

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胡新雨(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生

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Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 2021, 38(2): 29-32., articleTitle=Reliability and validity of the Chinese version of palliative performance scale (PPS)and its preliminary application, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240986265261232185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240986265269620794, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, companyId=1240986265261232185, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University / West China Fourth Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240986265273815099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, companyId=1240986265261232185, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240986272576098634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Nomogram predicting the probability of survival in palliative care patients with pulmonary infection 14 days after admission, figureFileSmall=JOAIvzP+h7r69LCMQpY/fQ==, figureFileBig=Z4D/WDht7oLlDZGjt2Q4Dg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240986273062637904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=CN, label=图1, caption=预测姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存预后的列线图

注:此处分析纳入的为经对数处理后的降钙素原值。

, figureFileSmall=JOAIvzP+h7r69LCMQpY/fQ==, figureFileBig=Z4D/WDht7oLlDZGjt2Q4Dg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240986273301713241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=The ROC curve of procalcitonin combined with PPS score predicting for death in palliative care patients with pulmonary infection 14 days after admission, figureFileSmall=yshVNeV4syGXZmdqZz5JEw==, figureFileBig=41hMrJW9CgO1gmCd3ljgwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240986273398182239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=CN, label=图2, caption=降钙素原联合PPS评分预测姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d死亡的ROC曲线

注:PCT为降钙素原。

, figureFileSmall=yshVNeV4syGXZmdqZz5JEw==, figureFileBig=41hMrJW9CgO1gmCd3ljgwg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240986273528205669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Calibration curve of the nomogram, figureFileSmall=eZaXPp1xdPmVrlQylrHBgA==, figureFileBig=ht9zV+PKfnHVuzMVl8FyIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240986273746309483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=CN, label=图3, caption=列线图的校准曲线, figureFileSmall=eZaXPp1xdPmVrlQylrHBgA==, figureFileBig=ht9zV+PKfnHVuzMVl8FyIw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240986273897304432, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=EN, label=Figure 4, caption=Decision curve analysis, figureFileSmall=L3aRBoqfTVYG9xOZEASpsA==, figureFileBig=zGauo311pt1f+gS0k2fLJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240986274006356341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=CN, label=图4, caption=决策曲线分析, figureFileSmall=L3aRBoqfTVYG9xOZEASpsA==, figureFileBig=zGauo311pt1f+gS0k2fLJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240986274111213943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The comparison of basic information and PPS score between two groups [(),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素死亡组(n=58)生存组(n=53)χ2值P
年龄(岁)70.24±12.2169.75±14.750.1900.850
性别37(63.8)31(58.5)0.3280.567
21(36.2)22(41.5)
患者类型肿瘤患者47(81.0)41(77.4)0.2280.633
非肿瘤患者11(19.0)12(22.6)
糖尿病13(22.4)9(17.0)0.5140.473
45(77.6)44(83.0)
高血压23(39.7)13(24.5)2.8920.089
35(60.3)40(75.5)
慢性阻塞性肺炎6(10.3)4(7.5)0.0330.855
52(89.7)49(92.5)
心力衰竭3(5.2)1(1.9)0.1750.676
55(94.8)52(98.1)
肝功能不全7(12.1)5(9.4)0.1990.655
51(87.9)48(90.6)
肾功能不全7(12.1)5(9.4)2.0390.153
51(87.9)48(90.6)
PPS评分(%)<2032(55.2)6(11.3)26.793<0.001
20~3019(32.8)26(49.1)
40~506(10.3)16(30.2)
>501(1.7)5(9.4)
), ArticleFig(id=1240986274388038013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组患者基本资料及PPS评分比较[(),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素死亡组(n=58)生存组(n=53)χ2值P
年龄(岁)70.24±12.2169.75±14.750.1900.850
性别37(63.8)31(58.5)0.3280.567
21(36.2)22(41.5)
患者类型肿瘤患者47(81.0)41(77.4)0.2280.633
非肿瘤患者11(19.0)12(22.6)
糖尿病13(22.4)9(17.0)0.5140.473
45(77.6)44(83.0)
高血压23(39.7)13(24.5)2.8920.089
35(60.3)40(75.5)
慢性阻塞性肺炎6(10.3)4(7.5)0.0330.855
52(89.7)49(92.5)
心力衰竭3(5.2)1(1.9)0.1750.676
55(94.8)52(98.1)
肝功能不全7(12.1)5(9.4)0.1990.655
51(87.9)48(90.6)
肾功能不全7(12.1)5(9.4)2.0390.153
51(87.9)48(90.6)
PPS评分(%)<2032(55.2)6(11.3)26.793<0.001
20~3019(32.8)26(49.1)
40~506(10.3)16(30.2)
>501(1.7)5(9.4)
), ArticleFig(id=1240986274606141826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The comparison of blood indicators between two groups(

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
死亡组(n=58)生存组(n=53)χ2/tP
C反应蛋白(mg/L)148.85±74.0179.86±59.515.433<0.001
降钙素原a(ng/ml)0.24±0.71-0.62±0.786.093<0.001
白细胞(×109/L)14.34±9.989.15±5.733.3920.001
中性粒细胞(×109/L)12.72±9.487.68±5.573.4460.001
淋巴细胞(×109/L)0.82±0.730.78±0.530.2750.784
纤维蛋白原(g/L)4.10±2.194.32±1.69-0.5900.557
), ArticleFig(id=1240986274824245640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组患者血液指标比较(

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
死亡组(n=58)生存组(n=53)χ2/tP
C反应蛋白(mg/L)148.85±74.0179.86±59.515.433<0.001
降钙素原a(ng/ml)0.24±0.71-0.62±0.786.093<0.001
白细胞(×109/L)14.34±9.989.15±5.733.3920.001
中性粒细胞(×109/L)12.72±9.487.68±5.573.4460.001
淋巴细胞(×109/L)0.82±0.730.78±0.530.2750.784
纤维蛋白原(g/L)4.10±2.194.32±1.69-0.5900.557
), ArticleFig(id=1240986274929103243, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Multivariate COX regression analysis of death in palliative care patients with pulmonary infection 14 days after admission

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素分布 [n(%),()]HR值(95%CIP
PPS评分(%)<2038(34.2)
20~3045(40.5)0.333(0.183~0.606)<0.001
40~5022(19.8)0.125(0.043~0.362)<0.001
>506(5.4)0.107(0.014~0.814)0.031
降钙素原a
(ng/ml)
-0.17±0.852.201(1.394~3.143)<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1240986275029766543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240972419750490739, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

姑息治疗肺部感染患者入院14 d死亡的多因素COX回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
因素分布 [n(%),()]HR值(95%CIP
PPS评分(%)<2038(34.2)
20~3045(40.5)0.333(0.183~0.606)<0.001
40~5022(19.8)0.125(0.043~0.362)<0.001
>506(5.4)0.107(0.014~0.814)0.031
降钙素原a
(ng/ml)
-0.17±0.852.201(1.394~3.143)<0.001
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降钙素原联合姑息性表现量表对姑息治疗肺部感染患者生存预后的预测价值
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胡新雨 , 陈杨 , 叶茂 , 田航睿 , 许欣 , 邵美瑛
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024,51(9): 1654-1659
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现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024, 51(9): 1654-1659
降钙素原联合姑息性表现量表对姑息治疗肺部感染患者生存预后的预测价值
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胡新雨, 陈杨, 叶茂, 田航睿, 许欣, 邵美瑛
作者信息
  • 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041
  • 胡新雨(1999—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生

通讯作者:

邵美瑛,E-mail:
The value of procalcitonin combined with palliative performance scale in predicting the prognosis of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment
Xin-yu HU, Yang CHEN, Mao YE, Hang-rui TIAN, Xin XU, Mei-ying SHAO
Affiliations
  • West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University / West China Fourth Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2024-05-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401456
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目的

探讨感染相关血液指标联合姑息性表现量表(PPS)评分对姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存情况的预测价值。

方法

选取2022年1—12月四川大学华西第四医院姑息医学科收治的111例肺部感染住院患者作为研究对象,根据患者治疗14 d的生存情况分为生存组(n=53)和死亡组(n=58);通过单因素分析比较两组的年龄、性别、患病情况、感染相关血液指标水平与PPS评分;采用多因素COX回归分析姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存预后的影响因素,构建列线图并采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线验证模型预测性能,通过校准曲线确定模型可靠性并使用决策曲线分析(DCA)评估模型的临床实用性。

结果

与14 d生存组相比,姑息治疗肺部感染死亡组患者的PPS评分更低,C反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞及中性粒细胞计数水平均更高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素COX回归分析结果显示,降钙素原水平高(HR=2.201, 95%CI: 1.394~3.143)与PPS评分低(以<20%为参照,20%~30%: HR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.183~0.606;40%~50%: HR=0.125, 95%CI: 0.043~0.362; >50%: HR=0.107, 95%CI: 0.014~0.814)是姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存预后不良的独立危险因素;降钙素原联合PPS评分构建列线图,ROC曲线下面积(AUC值:0.864, 95%CI: 0.809~0.919)、校准曲线及DCA曲线结果均显示模型相比于单一指标预测具有良好的预测效能及临床实用性。

结论

降钙素原水平联合PPS评分对姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d预后不良具有较好的预测价值。

姑息治疗  /  肺部感染  /  降钙素原  /  姑息性表现量表  /  预测价值
Objective

To investigate the predictive value of infection-related blood indexes combined with palliative performance scale (PPS) score in 14-day survival of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment.

Methods

A total of 111 inpatients with pulmonary infection treated in the Department of Palliative Medicine, West China Fourth Hospital of Sichuan University from January 2022 to December 2022 were divided into survival group (n = 53) and death group (n = 58) according to the survival condition of 14 days after treatment. Age, sex, prevalence, infection-related blood index level, and PPS score of the two groups were compared by univariate analysis. Multivariate COX regression analysis was used to analyze the factors affecting the 14-day survival prognosis of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment. The nomogram was constructed and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to verify the predictive performance of the model. The reliability of the model was determined by calibration curve and the clinical practicability of the model was evaluated by decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results

Compared with the 14-day survival group, the palliative treatment group had lower PPS score, higher C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, white blood cell, and neutrophil count, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of multivariate COX regression analysis showed that high procalcitonin level (HR=2.201, 95%CI:1.394-3.143) and low PPS score were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment for 14 days (with reference to < 20%, 20%-30%: HR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.183-0.606; 40%-50%: HR=0.125,95%CI: 0.043-0.362; > 50%: HR=0.107, 95%CI: 0.014-0.814). The nomogram was constructed based on procalcitonin combined with PPS score. The area under the ROC curve (AUC value: 0.864, 95%CI: 0.809-0.919), calibration curve, and DCA curve results showed that the model had good predictive efficiency and clinical practicability compared with single index prediction.

Conclusion

Procalcitonin level combined with PPS score is a good predictor of poor prognosis in patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment for 14 days.

Palliative treatment  /  Pulmonary infection  /  Procalcitonin  /  Palliative performance scale  /  Predictive value
胡新雨, 陈杨, 叶茂, 田航睿, 许欣, 邵美瑛. 降钙素原联合姑息性表现量表对姑息治疗肺部感染患者生存预后的预测价值. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (9) : 1654 -1659 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401456
Xin-yu HU, Yang CHEN, Mao YE, Hang-rui TIAN, Xin XU, Mei-ying SHAO. The value of procalcitonin combined with palliative performance scale in predicting the prognosis of patients with pulmonary infection after palliative treatment[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (9) : 1654 -1659 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401456
肺部感染是姑息治疗患者常见的感染性疾病,病情进展容易引发患者低氧血症、呼吸衰竭及器官功能衰竭等多种严重并发症[1],导致患者死亡。生命末期感染是否使用抗菌药物存在争议[2-3],研究表明抗菌药物的使用与患者临床症状、总体状态及生存预期、患者及其家人的愿望等因素相关[4]。血液炎症指标的增高被认为是抗菌药物使用的决策依据之一[4-5],肺部感染患者往往伴随着血液指标如C反应蛋白、降钙素原(procalcitonin, PCT)等的异常升高,而检测此类感染相关的血液指标能够帮助判断肺部感染患者的病程及预后情况,从而制定合理的临床治疗方案[1,6]。多种炎症反应生物标志物已被研究发现可作为晚期癌症患者的生存预测因素[7-8],然而单一血液指标往往受到许多非感染疾病因素及治疗的影响,不能完全反应患者临床症状及总体状态,已有研究将炎症指标与功能评分联合用于评估患者生存预后[7]。姑息性表现量表(palliative performance scale,PPS)是评估姑息治疗患者功能状态的有效工具,因其准确简便而广泛应用于各类患者的生存期预测[9]。本研究拟探讨感染相关血液指标联合PPS评分对姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d预后不良的预测价值,为临床制定姑息关怀方案提供依据,帮助控制症状并提高患者生存质量、促进合理使用医疗资源。
回顾性选取2022年1—12月四川大学华西第四医院姑息医学科住院的肺部感染患者作为研究对象。依据患者入院14 d的生存情况将其分为生存组和死亡组。本研究通过四川大学华西第四医院医学伦理委员会审查批准,审查批准号:HXSY-EC-2024003。
纳入标准:(1)年龄≥18岁,接受姑息治疗者;(2)符合肺部感染的相关诊断标准[10-11];(3)具有完整病历资料。
排除标准:(1)入院24 h内死亡;(2)入院后3 d内无任何实验室检查结果。
收集患者的年龄、性别、患病情况、PPS评分及入院后前3 d的初次实验室检查结果等资料。
采用Excel 2021和R 4.1.3软件进行数据整理及统计分析。符合正态分布的计量资料以()表示,采用独立样本t检验,不符合正态分布的指标经对数转换符合正态分布后作为变量进行分析;计数资料给出频数与百分数,率的比较采用χ2检验。影响因素分析采用COX比例风险模型,使用风险比(hazard ratio, HR)和95%置信区间(confidence interval, CI)评估相对风险。根据分析结果建立列线图预测模型,采用一致性C指数量化预测列线图的判别性能。绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic, ROC)曲线分析预测模型的预测价值,绘制校准曲线评估预测列线图的可靠性,采用决策曲线分析法(decision curve analysis, DCA)评估列线图的临床收益。检验水准α=0.05。
本研究共纳入111名患者,生存组53人和死亡组58人。生存组与死亡组患者的年龄(P=0.850)、性别(P=0.567)及患者类型(P=0.633)分布均衡,基础疾病患病情况如糖尿病(P=0.473)、高血压(P=0.089)、慢性阻塞性肺炎(P=0.855)、心力衰竭(P=0.676)、肝功能不全(P=0.655)、肾功能不全(P=0.153)分布在两组间均衡,患者具有可比性;两组的PPS评分分布不均,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。见表1
两组患者血液指标相比,死亡组C反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞及中性粒细胞水平均高于生存组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而淋巴细胞(P=0.784)及纤维蛋白原(P=0.557)水平在两组之间未见明显差异,见表2
以姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存情况作为因变量(生存=0,死亡=1),经单因素分析结果显示P<0.05的PPS评分及有关血液指标作为自变量进行COX回归分析。多因素COX回归分析结果显示,降钙素原水平升高(HR=2.201, 95%CI: 1.394~3.143)及PPS评分降低(以<20%为参照,20%~30%: HR=0.333, 95%CI: 0.183~0.606; 40%~50%: HR=0.125,95%CI: 0.043~0.362; >50%: HR= 0.107, 95%CI: 0.014~0.814)为姑息治疗肺部感染患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。见表3
患者生存预后的模型构建及验证根据COX回归分析结果构建预测姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存率的列线图,见图1。列线图模型预测的一致性C指数为0.789(95%CI: 0.730~0.848)。
ROC曲线分析结果显示,PPS评分、降钙素原及两者联合预测的AUC分别为0.757(95%CI: 0.687~0.827)、0.796(95%CI: 0.725~0.868)、0.864(95%CI:0.809~0.919),降钙素原联合PPS评分预测模型具有更好的准确度。见图2
校准曲线分析结果显示,校准曲线与标准曲线重合程度较高,列线图预测姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存预后与实际观测较为吻合,模型具有一定的可靠性,见图3
DCA曲线分析结果显示,相比于单一指标预测,联合预测模型的DCA曲线总体更远离基准线,降钙素原联合PPS评分预测姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存预后模型净收益较单独预测总体上更优,具有更高的临床实用性,见图4
细菌感染发生在超过三分之一的晚期癌症或绝症患者中,姑息治疗患者肺部感染发病率高,且与患者生命质量及结局密切相关[2-12]。尽管几乎90%的癌症晚期住院患者在死亡前一周内使用了抗菌药物治疗[12],额外的经济负担、细菌耐药等问题使得生命末期患者姑息治疗过程中抗菌药物是否使用产生较大争议[213-14],对姑息治疗患者生存时间进行预测能够为医生、患者及其家属选择姑息治疗方案提供依据。本研究对感染相关血液指标和PPS评分用于预测姑息治疗肺部感染患者生存预后的价值进行评估,发现降钙素原联合PPS评分对姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d预后不良具有较好的预测价值。
生物标志物常被用于肺部感染患者和生命末期患者的生存情况预测[15-17]。C反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞及纤维蛋白原是常见的与感染相关的血液指标,其中C反应蛋白及降钙素原能够反映机体的炎症因子水平及病情发展情况,常常被用于感染性疾病的早期诊断[1618],也被认为与患者的生存预后直接相关[19]。本研究结果显示,姑息治疗肺部感染患者中,14 d预后不良组更多地表现出感染相关血液指标C反应蛋白、降钙素原、白细胞及中性粒细胞水平的升高,这与国内外多项研究[18]结果基本一致。考虑到血液指标可能受其他非感染疾病因素的影响,如降钙素原水平在严重心源性休克、肝脏移植等患者体内也呈现高表达[20],使用单一维度指标进行预测存在一定的局限性。因此,本研究在分析血液指标差异的同时,也纳入了能够反映患者总体情况的PPS评分。PPS是一种简单快速了解患者体能状态的评估工具,涵盖活动能力、活动&疾病临床表现、自我照顾、摄入及意识水平五个方面的内容,评分从0~100%,以10%递增,分值越高患者功能状态越好[21]。自1996年被Downing等[22]研发以来,经过数十年的发展,现已被翻译成数个语言版本,运用于包括癌症和非癌症多种人群的结局预测[21],2021年陈思等[23]对其进行汉化且经检验后认为具有良好的信效度。在本研究纳入的111名姑息治疗肺部感染患者中,14 d死亡组的PPS评分总体低于生存组,两组之间差异具有统计学意义。多因素COX回归分析结果显示,降钙素原水平升高与PPS评分降低是姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d预后不良的独立危险因素。与既往其他研究[620]的结果一致,本研究中降钙素原相比于C反应蛋白展现出更高的敏感度,同PPS评分联合应用于姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存情况预测,得到了相比于单一指标更优的预测效能(AUC值:0.864, 95%CI: 0. 809~0.919)。
本文将感染相关血液指标与PPS评分联合预测姑息治疗肺部感染患者的生存预后情况,可以更好地适应患者临床症状,同时采用客观指标与主观评分相结合的方式,能够在一定程度上彼此补充,合理科学地评估患者状况,为临床用药及后续治疗安排提供依据。但由于研究数据仅来源于单中心且为回顾性分析,在后续研究中应进一步扩大样本量,并在多种人群中开展前瞻性研究以提高结果的准确性和可信度,此外,影响患者生存预后的因素较多,本研究主要纳入了感兴趣的反映患者感染情况的相关血液指标以及反映患者功能状态的PPS评分,后续研究可进一步纳入更多影响因素,探讨多种因素联合对患者生存预后的预测价值。
综上所述,降钙素原水平升高和PPS评分降低是姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d预后不良的独立危险因素,两者联合可以发挥更好的预测效果。降钙素原联合PPS评分预测姑息治疗肺部感染患者14 d生存预后模型的建立,能够为临床姑息治疗方案制定提供依据,帮助提高患者生命质量,指导合理分配医疗资源。
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2024年第51卷第9期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401456
  • 接收时间:2024-01-24
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-05-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-24
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    四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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