Article(id=1240950910965305524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311106, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1699372800000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773795352926, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1712678400000, pubDateStr=2024-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773795352926, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773795352926, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773795352926, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240950898113966774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='7', pageStart='1153', pageEnd='1344', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773795349862, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773795519367, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240951609136567133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240951609136567134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1229, endPage=1233, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240950911334404312, articleId=1240950910965305524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=An empirical analysis of the influence of income level of migrant women on fertility intention in China, columnId=1228016568949474136, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Child and Adolescent Health, Maternal and Child Health, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the influence of income level on fertility intention of migrant women in China, and to provide theoretical support for the formulation and implementation of supporting measures to enhance the fertility intention of migrant women.

Methods

Based on the survey data of health and family planning of floating population in 2018, the influence of income level on fertility intention of migrant women was analyzed by ologist regression model, and robustness test and heterogeneity test were carried out.

Results

The results of ologist model regression analysis showed that the income level had a significant positive effect on the fertility intention of migrant women (OR=1.182, 95%CI: 1.096-1.274, P < 0.01). The robustness test and heterogeneity test showd that the positive effect of income level remained stable.

Conclusion

Migrant women with higher income levels have higher fertility intention, and income levels have a positive effect on the fertility intention of migrant women.This suggests that a variety of measures including raising the income level on all fronts could be taken to enhance the fertility intention of migrant women.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xin-yao WEI, Bing-yu BAI, Fei-fei ZHANG, Ya-qian WANG, Run-guo GAO, An-ning MA, Wei-qin CAI, Qian-qian GAO, Qi JING), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240950912152293655, articleId=1240950910965305524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=我国流动妇女收入水平对生育意愿影响的实证分析, columnId=1228016570031604578, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=儿少卫生与妇幼保健, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

研究我国流动妇女收入水平对生育意愿的影响,为制定和实施提升流动妇女生育意愿的配套措施提供理论支撑。

方法

基于2018年全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查数据,运用ologit回归模型分析收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿的影响,并进行稳健性检验和异质性检验。

结果

Ologit模型回归分析结果显示,收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿具有显著正向影响作用(OR=1.182,95%CI:1.096~1.274,P<0.01);经稳健性检验、异质性检验,收入水平的正向影响效应没有改变。

结论

收入水平更高的流动妇女生育意愿更高,收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿具有正向影响效应。提示在制定激励流动妇女生育的支持性政策时,可通过全方位提高收入等多种途径来提升流动妇女的生育意愿。

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马安宁,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=vc/4yy7KpiC/Jw7FgBm00A==, magXml=A0dO1lwY41d4nJt/jf0UQQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=qtrwVGGkbq2ap1s9syj35A==, pdfFileSize=543756, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=gFXakzHcKWscuqLMluMRbQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

韦欣瑶(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向;社会医学与卫生事业管理

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4.潍坊医学院公共卫生危机管理研究所,山东 潍坊 261053, bio={"content":"

韦欣瑶(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向;社会医学与卫生事业管理

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韦欣瑶(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向;社会医学与卫生事业管理

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Economic Review, 2022, 233(1): 114-126., articleTitle=From income to assets: wealth inequality and fertility intention of residents, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240972172731151233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, awardId=2020RZB14001, language=CN, fundingSource=山东省重点研发(软科学项目)重大项目(2020RZB14001), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240972172856980365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, awardId=SDGP370700000202202000516, language=CN, fundingSource=潍坊市卫生健康委员会公共卫生安全中心建设服务项目(SDGP370700000202202000516), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240972163625316709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972163637899622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, companyId=1240972163625316709, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Management, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972163646288231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, companyId=1240972163625316709, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.潍坊医学院管理学院,山东 潍坊 261053)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240972163763728751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972163767923057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, companyId=1240972163763728751, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.潍坊医学院护理学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240972163876974969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972163889557883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, companyId=1240972163876974969, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240972164002804096, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, xref=4., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972164011192705, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, companyId=1240972164002804096, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4.潍坊医学院公共卫生危机管理研究所,山东 潍坊 261053)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240972171812598596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Variable selection and assignment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量名称变量赋值
生育意愿否=1,没想好=2,是=3
收入水平低收入=1,中等收入=2,高收入=3
年龄(岁)15~25=0,26~35=1,36~45=2,46~55=3
民族其他民族=0,汉族=1
政治面貌非党员=0,党员=1
户口非农业户口=0,农业户口=1
受教育程度小学及以下=0,中学=1,大学=2,研究生=3
健康状况不健康=0,健康=1
流动范围跨省=0,省内跨市=1,市内跨县=3
流动时间(年)≤10=0,11~20=1,21~30=2,≥30=3
流动原因工作=0,家属随迁=1,拆迁搬家=2,其他=3
参保状况未参加=0,参加=1
家庭月均收入
(元)
≤3 000=0,3 001~6 000=1,6 001~9 000=2,≥9 001=3
), ArticleFig(id=1240972171921650504, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

变量选取及赋值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量名称变量赋值
生育意愿否=1,没想好=2,是=3
收入水平低收入=1,中等收入=2,高收入=3
年龄(岁)15~25=0,26~35=1,36~45=2,46~55=3
民族其他民族=0,汉族=1
政治面貌非党员=0,党员=1
户口非农业户口=0,农业户口=1
受教育程度小学及以下=0,中学=1,大学=2,研究生=3
健康状况不健康=0,健康=1
流动范围跨省=0,省内跨市=1,市内跨县=3
流动时间(年)≤10=0,11~20=1,21~30=2,≥30=3
流动原因工作=0,家属随迁=1,拆迁搬家=2,其他=3
参保状况未参加=0,参加=1
家庭月均收入
(元)
≤3 000=0,3 001~6 000=1,6 001~9 000=2,≥9 001=3
), ArticleFig(id=1240972172047479635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Descriptive statistics of the fertility intentions of migrant women with different characteristics

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分类流动妇女例数生育意愿[n(%)]χ2P
123
收入水平低收入7 6266 318(82.8)674(8.8)634(8.3)187.237<0.001
中等收入31 23123 642(75.7)3 681(11.8)3 908(12.5)
高收入1 023757(74.0)120(11.7)146(14.3)
年龄(岁)15~253 1091 582(50.9)660(21.2)867(27.9)5 029.850<0.001
26~3519 10212 727(66.6)3 035(15.9)3 340(17.5)
36~4513 38412 210(91.2)712(5.3)462(3.5)
46~554 2854 198(98.0)68(1.6)19(0.4)
民族其他民族3 4232 551(74.5)401(11.7)471(13.8)16.647<0.001
汉族36 45728 166(77.3)4 074(11.2)4 217(11.6)
政治面貌非党员38 24829 728(77.7)4 224(11.0)4 296(11.2)303.546<0.001
党员1 632989(60.6)251(15.4)352(24.0)
户口非农业户口12 5919 294(73.8)1 508(12.0)1 789(14.2)128.172<0.001
农业户口27 28921 423(78.5)2 967(10.9)2 899(10.6)
受教育程度小学及以下6 8126 327(92.9)276(4.1)209(3.1)3 031.622<0.001
中学25 13119 828(78.9)2 872(11.4)2 431(9.7)
大学7 6374 412(67.8)1 275(16.7)1 950(25.5)
研究生300150(50.0)52(17.3)98(32.7)
健康状况不健康248232(93.5)7(2.8)9(3.6)38.553<0.001
健康39 63230 485(76.9)4 468(11.3)4 679(11.8)
流动范围跨省20 37316 046(78.8)2 140(10.5)2 187(10.7)95.694<0.001
省内跨市12 9529 611(74.2)1 595(12.3)1 746(13.5)
市内跨县6 5555 060(77.2)740(11.3)755(11.5)
流动时间(年)≤1033 02924 559(74.4)4 100(12.4)4 370(13.2)786.846<0.001
11~206 0655 418(89.3)348(5.7)299(4.9)
21~30763717(94.0)27(3.5)19(2.5)
≥312323(100.0)0(0)0(0)
流动原因工作35 74027 776(77.7)3 950(11.1)4 014(11.2)114.499<0.001
家属随迁3 7952 686(70.8)489(12.9)620(16.3)
拆迁搬家182135(74.2)16(8.8)31(17.0)
其他163120(73.6)20(12.3)23(14.1)
参保状况未参加2 5722 027(78.8)267(10.4)278(10.8)4.9640.084
参加37 30828 690(76.9)4 208(11.3)4 410(11.8)
家庭月均收入(元)≤3 0002 4352 002(82.2)239(9.8)194(8.0)267.764<0.001
3 001~6 00013 55710 821(79.8)1 448(10.7)1 288(9.5)
6 001~9 00011 6218 906(76.6)1 370(11.8)1 345(11.6)
≥9 00112 2678 988(73.3)1 418(11.6)1 861(15.2)
), ArticleFig(id=1240972172190085981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同特征流动妇女生育意愿的描述性统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量分类流动妇女例数生育意愿[n(%)]χ2P
123
收入水平低收入7 6266 318(82.8)674(8.8)634(8.3)187.237<0.001
中等收入31 23123 642(75.7)3 681(11.8)3 908(12.5)
高收入1 023757(74.0)120(11.7)146(14.3)
年龄(岁)15~253 1091 582(50.9)660(21.2)867(27.9)5 029.850<0.001
26~3519 10212 727(66.6)3 035(15.9)3 340(17.5)
36~4513 38412 210(91.2)712(5.3)462(3.5)
46~554 2854 198(98.0)68(1.6)19(0.4)
民族其他民族3 4232 551(74.5)401(11.7)471(13.8)16.647<0.001
汉族36 45728 166(77.3)4 074(11.2)4 217(11.6)
政治面貌非党员38 24829 728(77.7)4 224(11.0)4 296(11.2)303.546<0.001
党员1 632989(60.6)251(15.4)352(24.0)
户口非农业户口12 5919 294(73.8)1 508(12.0)1 789(14.2)128.172<0.001
农业户口27 28921 423(78.5)2 967(10.9)2 899(10.6)
受教育程度小学及以下6 8126 327(92.9)276(4.1)209(3.1)3 031.622<0.001
中学25 13119 828(78.9)2 872(11.4)2 431(9.7)
大学7 6374 412(67.8)1 275(16.7)1 950(25.5)
研究生300150(50.0)52(17.3)98(32.7)
健康状况不健康248232(93.5)7(2.8)9(3.6)38.553<0.001
健康39 63230 485(76.9)4 468(11.3)4 679(11.8)
流动范围跨省20 37316 046(78.8)2 140(10.5)2 187(10.7)95.694<0.001
省内跨市12 9529 611(74.2)1 595(12.3)1 746(13.5)
市内跨县6 5555 060(77.2)740(11.3)755(11.5)
流动时间(年)≤1033 02924 559(74.4)4 100(12.4)4 370(13.2)786.846<0.001
11~206 0655 418(89.3)348(5.7)299(4.9)
21~30763717(94.0)27(3.5)19(2.5)
≥312323(100.0)0(0)0(0)
流动原因工作35 74027 776(77.7)3 950(11.1)4 014(11.2)114.499<0.001
家属随迁3 7952 686(70.8)489(12.9)620(16.3)
拆迁搬家182135(74.2)16(8.8)31(17.0)
其他163120(73.6)20(12.3)23(14.1)
参保状况未参加2 5722 027(78.8)267(10.4)278(10.8)4.9640.084
参加37 30828 690(76.9)4 208(11.3)4 410(11.8)
家庭月均收入(元)≤3 0002 4352 002(82.2)239(9.8)194(8.0)267.764<0.001
3 001~6 00013 55710 821(79.8)1 448(10.7)1 288(9.5)
6 001~9 00011 6218 906(76.6)1 370(11.8)1 345(11.6)
≥9 00112 2678 988(73.3)1 418(11.6)1 861(15.2)
), ArticleFig(id=1240972172324303716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The ologit model regression results

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量Ologit模型
OR值(95%CI
收入水平(参照组:低收入)
中等收入1.182**(1.096~1.274)
高收入1.034(0.873~1.224)
年龄(岁,参照组:15~25)
26~350.484**(0.449~0.522)
36~450.125**(0.114~0.138)
46~550.033**(0.027~0.042)
民族(参照组:其他民族)
汉族0.831**(0.762~0.907)
政治面貌(参照组:非党员)
党员1.043(0.932~1.168)
户口(参照组:非农业户口)
农业0.990(0.937~1.047)
受教育程度(参照组:小学及以下)
中学1.786**(1.608~1.983)
大学3.960**(3.527~4.446)
研究生6.400**(4.938~8.294)
健康状况(参照组:不健康)
健康1.611(0.939~2.766)
流动范围(参照组:跨省)
省内跨市1.183**(1.118~1.251)
市内跨县1.081*(1.005~1.162)
流动时间(年,参照组:≤10)
11~200.656**(0.598~0.719)
21~300.668*(0.486~0.918)
≥310.000(0)
流动原因(参照组:工作)
家属随迁1.095*(1.012~1.186)
拆迁搬家1.117(0.783~1.597)
其他1.080(0.744~1.568)
参保状况(参照组:未参加)
参加1.076(0.970~1.194)
家庭月均收入(元,参照组:≤3 000)
3 001~6 0000.877*(0.776~0.991)
6 001~9 0000.790**(0.697~0.897)
≥9 0010.808**(0.710~0.918)
cut11.146(0.575~1.718)
cut22.069(1.497~2.641)
), ArticleFig(id=1240972172450132846, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950910965305524, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

Ologit模型回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
解释变量Ologit模型
OR值(95%CI
收入水平(参照组:低收入)
中等收入1.182**(1.096~1.274)
高收入1.034(0.873~1.224)
年龄(岁,参照组:15~25)
26~350.484**(0.449~0.522)
36~450.125**(0.114~0.138)
46~550.033**(0.027~0.042)
民族(参照组:其他民族)
汉族0.831**(0.762~0.907)
政治面貌(参照组:非党员)
党员1.043(0.932~1.168)
户口(参照组:非农业户口)
农业0.990(0.937~1.047)
受教育程度(参照组:小学及以下)
中学1.786**(1.608~1.983)
大学3.960**(3.527~4.446)
研究生6.400**(4.938~8.294)
健康状况(参照组:不健康)
健康1.611(0.939~2.766)
流动范围(参照组:跨省)
省内跨市1.183**(1.118~1.251)
市内跨县1.081*(1.005~1.162)
流动时间(年,参照组:≤10)
11~200.656**(0.598~0.719)
21~300.668*(0.486~0.918)
≥310.000(0)
流动原因(参照组:工作)
家属随迁1.095*(1.012~1.186)
拆迁搬家1.117(0.783~1.597)
其他1.080(0.744~1.568)
参保状况(参照组:未参加)
参加1.076(0.970~1.194)
家庭月均收入(元,参照组:≤3 000)
3 001~6 0000.877*(0.776~0.991)
6 001~9 0000.790**(0.697~0.897)
≥9 0010.808**(0.710~0.918)
cut11.146(0.575~1.718)
cut22.069(1.497~2.641)
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我国流动妇女收入水平对生育意愿影响的实证分析
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韦欣瑶 1, 4 , 白冰玉 2, 4 , 张菲菲 1, 4 , 王雅茜 1, 4 , 高润国 3, 4 , 马安宁 3, 4 , 蔡伟芹 1, 4 , 高倩倩 1, 4 , 井淇 1, 4
现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2024,51(7): 1229-1233
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现代预防医学 | 儿少卫生与妇幼保健 2024, 51(7): 1229-1233
我国流动妇女收入水平对生育意愿影响的实证分析
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韦欣瑶1, 4, 白冰玉2, 4, 张菲菲1, 4, 王雅茜1, 4, 高润国3, 4, 马安宁3, 4 , 蔡伟芹1, 4, 高倩倩1, 4, 井淇1, 4
作者信息
  • 1.潍坊医学院管理学院,山东 潍坊 261053
  • 2.潍坊医学院护理学院
  • 3.潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053
  • 4.潍坊医学院公共卫生危机管理研究所,山东 潍坊 261053
  • 韦欣瑶(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向;社会医学与卫生事业管理

通讯作者:

马安宁,E-mail:
An empirical analysis of the influence of income level of migrant women on fertility intention in China
Xin-yao WEI1, 4, Bing-yu BAI2, 4, Fei-fei ZHANG1, 4, Ya-qian WANG1, 4, Run-guo GAO3, 4, An-ning MA3, 4 , Wei-qin CAI1, 4, Qian-qian GAO1, 4, Qi JING1, 4
Affiliations
  • School of Management, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
出版时间: 2024-04-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311106
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目的

研究我国流动妇女收入水平对生育意愿的影响,为制定和实施提升流动妇女生育意愿的配套措施提供理论支撑。

方法

基于2018年全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查数据,运用ologit回归模型分析收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿的影响,并进行稳健性检验和异质性检验。

结果

Ologit模型回归分析结果显示,收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿具有显著正向影响作用(OR=1.182,95%CI:1.096~1.274,P<0.01);经稳健性检验、异质性检验,收入水平的正向影响效应没有改变。

结论

收入水平更高的流动妇女生育意愿更高,收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿具有正向影响效应。提示在制定激励流动妇女生育的支持性政策时,可通过全方位提高收入等多种途径来提升流动妇女的生育意愿。

流动妇女  /  生育意愿  /  收入水平
Objective

To investigate the influence of income level on fertility intention of migrant women in China, and to provide theoretical support for the formulation and implementation of supporting measures to enhance the fertility intention of migrant women.

Methods

Based on the survey data of health and family planning of floating population in 2018, the influence of income level on fertility intention of migrant women was analyzed by ologist regression model, and robustness test and heterogeneity test were carried out.

Results

The results of ologist model regression analysis showed that the income level had a significant positive effect on the fertility intention of migrant women (OR=1.182, 95%CI: 1.096-1.274, P < 0.01). The robustness test and heterogeneity test showd that the positive effect of income level remained stable.

Conclusion

Migrant women with higher income levels have higher fertility intention, and income levels have a positive effect on the fertility intention of migrant women.This suggests that a variety of measures including raising the income level on all fronts could be taken to enhance the fertility intention of migrant women.

Migrant women  /  Fetility intention  /  Income level
韦欣瑶, 白冰玉, 张菲菲, 王雅茜, 高润国, 马安宁, 蔡伟芹, 高倩倩, 井淇. 我国流动妇女收入水平对生育意愿影响的实证分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (7) : 1229 -1233 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311106
Xin-yao WEI, Bing-yu BAI, Fei-fei ZHANG, Ya-qian WANG, Run-guo GAO, An-ning MA, Wei-qin CAI, Qian-qian GAO, Qi JING. An empirical analysis of the influence of income level of migrant women on fertility intention in China[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (7) : 1229 -1233 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311106
流动妇女的生育意愿亟需受到关注。第七次全国人口普查数据显示我国流动人口数量有3.76亿,并且随着城镇化的不断发展,流动人口的数量还在逐年增加,这其中又包括了许多育龄人群。在当前中国生育率持续下降的现实背景下,规模庞大的流动妇女作为生育行为的主要承担者,对促进我国人口长期均衡发展起着重要作用。因此,提高流动妇女生育意愿是提高我国生育率的一条重要途径。研究显示,流动人口生育意愿的影响因素众多,大致可以分为个人因素、家庭因素、社会因素。具体来看,性别为女性、年龄越大、受教育程度越高、生育数量越多的流动人口生育意愿越低[1-3];家庭收入、住房性质等社会经济因素与生育意愿的关系仍未有定论[4]。收入水平作为生活保障的重要指标,对流动人口生育意愿产生着重要影响。首先,较常住人口而言流动人口生活成本更高,在同等收入的条件下,流动人口需要支出更多资金来维持日常开销,养育子女的资金支出会相应减少,致使生育意愿受到抑制;其次,较高的收入水平会使流动人口有更多额外资金负担生育开销,从而提高生育意愿;最后,收入水平的提高会使流动人口有更多资金可以投入到医疗保障中,也就更有资本应对生育所带来的风险,提高生育安全性,进而增强生育意愿。目前关于流动人口生育意愿影响因素的文献大多将收入作为控制变量纳入研究,很少将其作为主要研究对象。因此本研究基于2018年全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查数据来研究收入对流动妇女生育意愿的影响,以便精准实施措施来增强生育意愿,促进我国人口长期均衡发展。
本研究数据来源于2018年全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查数据库[5]。在全国31个省(区、市)和新疆生产建设兵团流动人口较为集中的流入地抽取样本点,采取分层、多阶段、与规模成比例的PPS方法开展抽样调查,共获得152 000份样本。本研究仅保留回答了生育意愿的15~49周岁的有偶育龄妇女并且回答了收入问题的流动人口作为研究对象,在按此标准筛选数据和剔除缺失值后,共获得样本39 880份。
本研究的被解释变量是生育意愿,对应全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查问卷中的问题“今明两年您是否有生育打算?”,回答选项包括:是、否、没想好。由于其按照“否、没想好、是”的顺序依次排列可以理解为生育意愿由弱变强,所以将选项进行有序排列,并对“否”赋值为1,“没想好”赋值为2,“是”赋值为3[6]
本研究的核心解释变量是收入水平,对应全国流动人口卫生计生动态监测调查问卷中的问题“您个人上个月(或上次就业)的收入为多少?”,本研究借鉴李培林和张翼的方法[7],将样本的平均收入作为参照基准,把高于平均收入2.5倍及以上的收入人群定义为“高收入者”,把低于平均收入线50%及以下的收入人群定义为“低收入者”,把低收入的上限到平均收入2.5倍的收入人群定义为“中等收入者”。按此标准对样本数据进行划分,其中低收入为2 086元及以下,中等收入为2 087~10 427元,高收入为10 428元及以上。本研究的控制变量包括年龄、民族、政治面貌、户口、受教育程度、健康状况、流动范围、流动时间、流动原因、参保状况、家庭月均收入。其中家庭月均收入指的是税后收入,具体包括工资收入、经营收入、财产收入和转移收入。见表1
由于生育意愿为有序多分类变量,所以本研究选用多元有序logit(odered logit,ologit)回归模型进行估计。Ologit多元有序回归模型是一种用于多分类问题的回归模型,其中因变量是分类变量,自变量可以是连续变量或分类变量。模型设定如下:
其中,Yi为生育意愿,β0为常数项,βi为变量系数(其中,i=1,2,3,……,n), incomei为个体i的收入水平,Xi为控制变量,εi为随机扰动项。检验水准取α=0.05。
从构成比来看,收入水平越高的流动妇女生育意愿为是的占比越高;有生育意愿的流动妇女的年龄段集中在15~25岁;其他民族、党员、非农业户口、健康的、参保的流动妇女生育意愿更强;受教育水平越高者生育意愿越强;省内跨市、流动时间集中在10年及以下的流动妇女生育意愿相对来说更强;流动原因为工作的流动妇女的生育意愿最弱;家庭月均收入9 001元及以上的流动妇女生育意愿相对来说更强。χ2检验结果显示,不同生育意愿的流动妇女在收入水平、年龄、民族、政治面貌、户口、受教育程度、健康状况、流动范围、流动时间、流动原因和家庭月均收入上的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。见表2
回归结果显示,流动妇女的生育意愿在收入水平上的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),且收入水平与生育意愿呈正相关关系。与低收入水平的流动妇女相比,中等收入水平的流动妇女生育意愿更强,也就是说相较于低收入水平的流动妇女,中等收入水平的流动妇女打算生育的可能性更高。因此可以说,收入对流动妇女生育意愿有正向影响。
在控制变量中,受教育程度、流动范围、流动原因与流动妇女的生育意愿呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05);年龄、民族、流动时间、家庭月均收入与流动妇女的生育意愿呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05);政治面貌、户口、健康状况、参保状况与流动妇女的生育意愿相关关系不显著。这说明年龄越小、受教育程度越高、流动范围越小、流动时间越短、家庭月均收入越低的流动妇女生育意愿越强;且相较于其他民族,汉族生育意愿更弱;流动原因为家属随迁的流动妇女相较于原因为工作的流动妇女生育意愿更强。见表3
为保证研究结果的可信程度,本研究采用更换模型的方法进行稳健性检验。将ologit模型更换为oprobit模型。更换模型后,收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿的影响仍然显著为正(P<0.01),与基准回归结果基本一致,因此可知研究结果较为稳健。
本研究按照城乡和受教育程度进行分组研究收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿的影响。在城乡差异方面,回归结果显示收入水平对不同地区的流动妇女生育意愿均有显著正向影响(P<0.01),与低收入水平的流动妇女相比,中等收入水平的流动妇女生育意愿更强。在受教育程度方面,依据是否接受过高等教育进行划分。回归结果显示收入水平对不同受教育程度的流动妇女生育意愿均有显著正向影响(P<0.05),但对未接受过高等教育的流动妇女的影响程度要大于接受过高等教育流动妇女的影响程度。
本研究通过ologit回归分析、稳健性检验以及异质性检验后发现,收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿存在影响,收入水平更高的流动妇女生育意愿更高。这说明当生育成本不再成为限制因素时,生育意愿才得以增强。杨晓蕾[8]等学者发现,家庭收入水平的提高有助于提升育龄群体的再生育意愿,这于本研究的结论基本一致。结合我国实际情况,本研究建议政府要鼓励发展经济,在注重发展质量的同时强化就业优先导向[9],稳住就业岗位,提高流动妇女的薪酬待遇;同时用人单位要保障育龄妇女的相关权益,根据家庭情况提供便利的托幼机构[10],对育龄妇女与普通员工一视同仁。只有做到提高收入水平,降低生育成本,才会切实提高流动妇女生育意愿。
研究结果表明,流动妇女收入水平的提高对其生育意愿产生促进作用,也就是说收入水平对流动妇女生育意愿存在正向影响,中等收入水平的流动妇女比低收入水平的流动妇女生育意愿更强烈。因此,在实施提高生育意愿的支持措施时可以结合不同收入群体的特点,制定有针对性的生育措施[11]。具体来说,对中等收入水平的流动妇女,可以采用灵活新颖的方式对提高生育意愿进行宣传激励,帮助她们树立正确的生育观,促进生育意愿转化为生育行为;对低收入水平的流动妇女,可以通过完善生育保障,扩大生育保险覆盖范围,提高生育补助的方式,在一定程度上缓解其生育的经济困难[12],除此之外还可以通过保障就业合法权益、为员工提供更人性化的工作环境、减少生育的后顾之忧的措施来提高流动妇女的生育意愿[13]
  • 山东省重点研发(软科学项目)重大项目(2020RZB14001)
  • 潍坊市卫生健康委员会公共卫生安全中心建设服务项目(SDGP370700000202202000516)
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2024年第51卷第7期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311106
  • 接收时间:2023-11-08
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-04-10
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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-08
基金
山东省重点研发(软科学项目)重大项目(2020RZB14001)
潍坊市卫生健康委员会公共卫生安全中心建设服务项目(SDGP370700000202202000516)
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    1.潍坊医学院管理学院,山东 潍坊 261053
    2.潍坊医学院护理学院
    3.潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053
    4.潍坊医学院公共卫生危机管理研究所,山东 潍坊 261053

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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