Article(id=1240950904409608991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401129, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1704816000000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773795351364, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1712678400000, pubDateStr=2024-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773795351364, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773795351364, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773795351364, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240950898113966774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='7', pageStart='1153', pageEnd='1344', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773795349862, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773795519367, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240951609136567133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240951609136567134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1244, endPage=1248, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240950904736764708, articleId=1240950904409608991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=The mediating effect of sleep duration and sleep quality on physical activity and cognitive function of rural elderly, columnId=1228016572892119056, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Primary Health Services, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the mediating effect of sleep duration and sleep quality on physical activity level and cognitive function of elderly residents in rural areas of Chengdu.

Methods

By using the method of multi-stage random sampling, subjects over 60 years old were recruited in rural areas of Chengdu in October 2020. A total of 732 subjects were included in this study.A questionnaire survey was conducted by using the physical activity scale for the elderly and telephone interview questionnaire on cognitive status. Linear regression model was used to analyze the effect of physical activity level on cognitive function, and intermediary software package (mediation package) was used to explore the mediating effect of sleep duration and sleep quality.

Results

Physical activity had a positive effect on cognitive function (β=0.004, P<0.0l), and there was a partial mediating effect of sleep duration in the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in sleep duration (P<0.05). The mediating effect was 0.000 4, accounting for 7.74% of the total effect (0.004 1). There was a partial mediating effect of sleep quality between physical activity and cognitive function (P<0.01). The mediating effect was 0.000 9, accounting for 19.18% of the total effect (0.003 6).

Conclusion

In order to prevent and delay the decline of cognitive function, elderly rural residents should continue to participate in physical activities, and it is necessary to carry out intervention programs aimed at their sleep duration and sleep quality to promote the improvement of their cognitive function.

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目的

分析睡眠时长和睡眠质量在成都市农村老年居民的体力活动水平和认知功能间的中介作用。

方法

采用多阶段随机抽样法,于2020年10月在成都市农村地区招募年满60岁的研究对象。本研究共纳入研究对象732名。采用老年人体力活动量表(physical activity scale for the elderly)、认知状况电话访谈问卷(telephone interview for cognitive status)等工具进行问卷调查。采用线性回归模型分析体力活动水平对认知功能的影响,采用中介软件包(mediation package)探究睡眠时长和睡眠质量的中介作用。

结果

体力活动对认知功能具有正向影响(β=0.004,P<0.01);睡眠时长在体力活动与认知功能间存在部分中介效应(P<0.05),中介效应为0.000 4,总效应为0.004 1,中介效应占比7.74%;睡眠质量在体力活动与认知功能间存在部分中介效应(P<0.01),中介效应为0.000 9,总效应为0.003 6,中介效应占比19.18%。

结论

为了预防和延缓认知功能下降,农村老年居民应坚持参加体力活动,且有必要开展针对其睡眠时长和睡眠质量的干预项目,促进其认知功能的改善。

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周峻民,E-mail:
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邓倩(1995—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

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注:***P<0.001, **P<0.01,*P<0.05;图A 睡眠时长在体力活动与认知功能间的中介效应;图B 睡眠质量在体力活动与认知功能间的中介效应。

, figureFileSmall=I/F9NK4E0mNjsrJisW8wDQ==, figureFileBig=3pC/+kFKNOhnrI0UMiZctA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240972164871025083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950904409608991, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Descriptive analysis of the basic characteristics of participants [(),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总计(n=732)男(n=327)女(n=405)
年龄(岁)71.23±6.0371.84±6.4470.74±5.63
婚姻
已婚/同居525 (71.7)256 (78.3)269 (66.4)
丧偶/分居/离异/从未结婚207 (28.3)71 (21.7)136 (33.6)
家庭年收入(元)
0~11 999409 (55.9)176 (53.8)233 (57.5)
12 000~19 999175 (23.9)73 (22.3)102 (25.2)
≥20 000148 (20.2)78 (23.9)70 (17.3)
体力活动173.01±86.13177.53±88.85169.35±83.80
睡眠时长(h)
<6226 (30.9)69 (21.1)157 (38.8)
6~8219 (29.9)104 (31.8)115 (28.4)
>8287 (39.2)154 (47.1)133 (32.8)
睡眠质量(d)
<1352 (48.1)196 (59.9)156 (38.5)
1~4199 (27.2)71 (21.7)128 (31.6)
5~7181 (24.7)60 (18.3)121 (29.9)
认知功能7.78±3.848.33±3.757.35±3.87
), ArticleFig(id=1240972166431306180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950904409608991, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象基本特征的描述性分析[(),n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总计(n=732)男(n=327)女(n=405)
年龄(岁)71.23±6.0371.84±6.4470.74±5.63
婚姻
已婚/同居525 (71.7)256 (78.3)269 (66.4)
丧偶/分居/离异/从未结婚207 (28.3)71 (21.7)136 (33.6)
家庭年收入(元)
0~11 999409 (55.9)176 (53.8)233 (57.5)
12 000~19 999175 (23.9)73 (22.3)102 (25.2)
≥20 000148 (20.2)78 (23.9)70 (17.3)
体力活动173.01±86.13177.53±88.85169.35±83.80
睡眠时长(h)
<6226 (30.9)69 (21.1)157 (38.8)
6~8219 (29.9)104 (31.8)115 (28.4)
>8287 (39.2)154 (47.1)133 (32.8)
睡眠质量(d)
<1352 (48.1)196 (59.9)156 (38.5)
1~4199 (27.2)71 (21.7)128 (31.6)
5~7181 (24.7)60 (18.3)121 (29.9)
认知功能7.78±3.848.33±3.757.35±3.87
), ArticleFig(id=1240972166552941006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950904409608991, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Regression results of the effects of physical activity and basic information on cognitive function

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总计(n=732)男(n=327)女(n=405)
体力活动0.004** (0.001~ 0.008)0.004 (-0.001~ 0.008)0.004 (-0.004~ 0.009)
年龄-0.120*** (-0.166~ -0.075)-0.149*** (-0.210~ -0.088)-0.123*** (-0.195~ -0.052)
婚姻(参照:已婚/同居)
丧偶/分居/离异/从未结婚-0.784* (-1.402~ -0.166)-1.316** (-2.267~ -0.366)-0.268 (-1.127~ 0.591)
家庭年收入(元,参照:0~11 999)
12 000~19 9990.801* (0.147~ 1.454)0.908 (-0.060~ 1.876)0.737 (-0.142~ 1.617)
≥20 0001.428*** (0.732~ 2.125)1.392** (0.447~ 2.336)1.316* (0.296~ 2.336)
), ArticleFig(id=1240972166708130272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950904409608991, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

体力活动及基本信息对认知功能影响的回归结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量总计(n=732)男(n=327)女(n=405)
体力活动0.004** (0.001~ 0.008)0.004 (-0.001~ 0.008)0.004 (-0.004~ 0.009)
年龄-0.120*** (-0.166~ -0.075)-0.149*** (-0.210~ -0.088)-0.123*** (-0.195~ -0.052)
婚姻(参照:已婚/同居)
丧偶/分居/离异/从未结婚-0.784* (-1.402~ -0.166)-1.316** (-2.267~ -0.366)-0.268 (-1.127~ 0.591)
家庭年收入(元,参照:0~11 999)
12 000~19 9990.801* (0.147~ 1.454)0.908 (-0.060~ 1.876)0.737 (-0.142~ 1.617)
≥20 0001.428*** (0.732~ 2.125)1.392** (0.447~ 2.336)1.316* (0.296~ 2.336)
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睡眠时长和睡眠质量在农村老人体力活动和认知功能间的中介作用
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邓倩 , 周峻民
现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2024,51(7): 1244-1248
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现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2024, 51(7): 1244-1248
睡眠时长和睡眠质量在农村老人体力活动和认知功能间的中介作用
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邓倩, 周峻民
作者信息
  • 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041
  • 邓倩(1995—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:社会医学与卫生事业管理

通讯作者:

周峻民,E-mail:
The mediating effect of sleep duration and sleep quality on physical activity and cognitive function of rural elderly
Qian DENG, Jun-min ZHOU
Affiliations
  • West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University (West China Fourth Hospital), Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
出版时间: 2024-04-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401129
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目的

分析睡眠时长和睡眠质量在成都市农村老年居民的体力活动水平和认知功能间的中介作用。

方法

采用多阶段随机抽样法,于2020年10月在成都市农村地区招募年满60岁的研究对象。本研究共纳入研究对象732名。采用老年人体力活动量表(physical activity scale for the elderly)、认知状况电话访谈问卷(telephone interview for cognitive status)等工具进行问卷调查。采用线性回归模型分析体力活动水平对认知功能的影响,采用中介软件包(mediation package)探究睡眠时长和睡眠质量的中介作用。

结果

体力活动对认知功能具有正向影响(β=0.004,P<0.01);睡眠时长在体力活动与认知功能间存在部分中介效应(P<0.05),中介效应为0.000 4,总效应为0.004 1,中介效应占比7.74%;睡眠质量在体力活动与认知功能间存在部分中介效应(P<0.01),中介效应为0.000 9,总效应为0.003 6,中介效应占比19.18%。

结论

为了预防和延缓认知功能下降,农村老年居民应坚持参加体力活动,且有必要开展针对其睡眠时长和睡眠质量的干预项目,促进其认知功能的改善。

体力活动  /  认知功能  /  睡眠时长  /  睡眠质量  /  中介效应
Objective

To analyze the mediating effect of sleep duration and sleep quality on physical activity level and cognitive function of elderly residents in rural areas of Chengdu.

Methods

By using the method of multi-stage random sampling, subjects over 60 years old were recruited in rural areas of Chengdu in October 2020. A total of 732 subjects were included in this study.A questionnaire survey was conducted by using the physical activity scale for the elderly and telephone interview questionnaire on cognitive status. Linear regression model was used to analyze the effect of physical activity level on cognitive function, and intermediary software package (mediation package) was used to explore the mediating effect of sleep duration and sleep quality.

Results

Physical activity had a positive effect on cognitive function (β=0.004, P<0.0l), and there was a partial mediating effect of sleep duration in the relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in sleep duration (P<0.05). The mediating effect was 0.000 4, accounting for 7.74% of the total effect (0.004 1). There was a partial mediating effect of sleep quality between physical activity and cognitive function (P<0.01). The mediating effect was 0.000 9, accounting for 19.18% of the total effect (0.003 6).

Conclusion

In order to prevent and delay the decline of cognitive function, elderly rural residents should continue to participate in physical activities, and it is necessary to carry out intervention programs aimed at their sleep duration and sleep quality to promote the improvement of their cognitive function.

Physical activity  /  Cognitive function  /  Sleep duration  /  Sleep quality  /  Mediating effect
邓倩, 周峻民. 睡眠时长和睡眠质量在农村老人体力活动和认知功能间的中介作用. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (7) : 1244 -1248 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401129
Qian DENG, Jun-min ZHOU. The mediating effect of sleep duration and sleep quality on physical activity and cognitive function of rural elderly[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (7) : 1244 -1248 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401129
痴呆是65岁以上老年人致残的主要原因[1]。目前,全球的痴呆患者超过5 500万人[2],预计到2050年,这一数据将超过1.5亿人[3]。而我国的痴呆患者约占全球痴呆患者的25%[4],未来的发病和死亡人数还将持续上升[5],这为政策制定者、卫生服务人员及患者的家庭带来了巨大的挑战。探究老年人认知功能的影响因素并分析其影响机制,为延缓认知功能下降和预防痴呆提供科学的参考依据,具有重要的现实意义。
体力活动是指任何由骨骼肌收缩引起的导致能量消耗的身体活动[6],老年人常见的体力活动有跑步、散步、跳舞、太极拳等。研究发现,经常参加体力活动能够改善认知功能、预防认知功能下降和痴呆[7-8]。然而,其中的机制尚不明确。有研究指出,体力活动可能通过改变睡眠行为进而改善认知功能[9],但这一推断还未在我国得到充分验证。睡眠行为包括睡眠时长和睡眠质量等。其中,睡眠时长是指夜间睡眠时长或夜间及午睡的睡眠时长之和,研究推荐的成人每天最佳睡眠时长为7~8 h、6~8 h等[10];睡眠质量是睡眠医学(sleep medicine)中的常用术语,可指一系列睡眠测量指标,包括总睡眠时长(total sleep time)、睡眠起始延迟(sleep onset latency)、睡眠维持时间(sleep maintenance)、总觉醒时间(total wake time)、睡眠效率(sleep efficiency)等,可通过客观和主观两种方法进行评估[11]。本研究拟分析成都市农村老年居民的体力活动水平对认知功能的影响,并进一步探究睡眠时长和睡眠质量在体力活动和认知功能间的中介作用,为后期更有针对性、更高效地开展老年人认知功能干预研究提供理论依据。
本研究采用多阶段随机抽样法,于2020年10月在成都市农村地区招募研究对象。首先,从成都市随机抽取出简阳市;其次,从简阳市农村地区随机抽取出四个村(建政村、桂林村、义学村、前锋村);最后,从以上四个村中招募了738名报名者。纳入标准为:(1)年满60岁;(2)可不借助他人或拐杖行走;(3)知情并同意参与调查。排除标准为:(1)有中风、严重肺部疾病、关节炎、帕金森或严重心脏疾病史;(2)正在接受癌症治疗;(3)有严重认知或听觉障碍。根据以上纳入排除标准,738名报名者中有6人因年龄未满60岁等原因被排除,最终纳入符合条件的研究对象共732人。本研究已通过四川大学医学伦理委员会的审查(批准文号:K2019073)。所有调查对象均在数据收集前签署了知情同意书。
(1)一般资料调查表:包括性别、年龄、婚姻、家庭年收入。其中婚姻分为已婚/同居和丧偶/分居/离异/从未结婚。
(2)老年人体力活动量表(physical activity scale for the elderly, PASE):PASE量表是一个简单易懂、专为老年人设计的测量其体力活动水平的工具。量表测量的内容包括三个部分:闲暇时间体力活动、家务性体力活动和工作相关体力活动[12]。其中,闲暇时间体力活动分为五个维度,包括步行、轻度闲暇时间体力活动、中度闲暇时间体力活动、较大强度闲暇时间体力活动和专门的肌肉强度活动。调查时询问研究对象前一周的各维度体力活动时长(h),然后将该时长乘以量表中对应的权重获得各维度分值,最后将各维度分值相加获得闲暇时间体力活动分值。家务性体力活动涉及三个方面,即过去一周“是否参加轻体力家务劳动”、“是否参加重体力家务劳动”以及“参加家务劳动的类型”(如种菜园子、养花浇水等)。根据选项分别赋值,最后将各分值相加得到家务性体力活动的分值。工作相关体力活动包括过去一周参加工作的时间及工作的强度(如经常坐着、经常跑动等),将时长乘以相应的权重,即获得工作相关体力活动的分值。最后,将三个部分的得分相加,得到总的体力活动的分值,分数越高表明体力活动水平越高。
(3)认知状况电话访谈问卷(telephone interview for cognitve status, TICS-10):TICS-10是一份用于评估研究对象的定向力、注意力和表达性记忆的问卷[13],也是我国老年人群观察性研究——中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, CHARLS)测量认知功能所使用的问卷[14]。具体而言,定向力需要研究对象回答调查当天的日期(年/月/日)、星期几和所处的季节;注意力需要研究对象回答从100中连续5次减去7的结果;表达性记忆需要研究对象即时和延迟回忆10个名词,即时回忆是指研究对象需在评估人员读完10个名词后立即回忆出尽可能多的名词,而延迟回忆是指研究对象需在几分钟之后再次尽可能多地回忆出这10个名词。TICS-10的得分范围为0~20分,其中,定向力为0~5分,注意力为0~5分,表达性记忆为0~10分,分数越高表示认知功能越好。
(4)睡眠时长和睡眠质量:睡眠时长是指研究对象在过去一个月内,平均每天晚上真正睡着的时间;而睡眠质量是指研究对象在过去一周内,睡眠不好的天数,分为<1 d、1~4 d和5~7 d。睡眠时长和睡眠质量均为研究对象自报信息。
本研究采用面对面访谈法进行定量调查,由经过专业培训的调查人员对每名研究对象进行20~30 min的问卷调查。调查问卷当场核查并收回,若有遗漏,及时补充。
本研究采用R 4.1.3进行统计分析。计量资料采用(均数±标准差)表示,计数资料采用频数和构成比(%)表示。采用线性回归模型探究研究对象的体力活动水平及基本信息对认知功能的影响。采用中介软件包(mediation package)进行中介分析,以探究睡眠时长和睡眠质量是否是体力活动与认知功能之间关联的可能机制。具体而言,以睡眠时长中介为例:首先,指定中介模型(睡眠时长=体力活动+协变量)和结果模型(认知功能=体力活动+睡眠时长+协变量);其次,将中介模型和结果模型纳入中介函数,并指定“自变量”(体力活动)和“中介变量”(睡眠时长)[15-16];最后,估算出直接、间接、总效应以及中介效应的比例。以上模型中的协变量包括年龄、婚姻、家庭年收入。检验水准α=0.05。
表1是研究对象的基本特征。研究对象共732人,其中男性327人,女性405人。认知功能平均分为7.78分,男性为8.33分,女性为7.35分。体力活动平均分为173.01分,男性为177.53分,女性为169.35分。过去一个月平均每晚睡眠时长大于8 h的人数最多,达287人,占39.2%,而男性和女性中占比最高的分别为154人大于8 h(占47.1%)和157人小于6 h(占38.8%)。总样本中过去一周睡眠不好的天数小于1 d的人最多,共352人,占48.1%,而男性和女性中的分布和总样本相似,睡眠不好的天数小于1 d的人数分别为196人(占59.9%)和156人(占38.5%)。
表2显示了研究对象的体力活动和基本信息对其认知功能的影响。体力活动、年龄、婚姻、家庭年收入对认知功能的影响均有显著意义,其中体力活动(β=0.004,P<0.01)对认知功能有正向影响;家庭年收入为12 000~19 999元(β=0.801,P<0.05)和≥20 000元(β=1.428,P<0.001)相对于0~11 999元均对认知功能有正向影响;年龄(β=-0.120,P<0.001)对认知功能具有负向影响;婚姻状况为丧偶/分居/离异/从未结婚(β=-0.784,P<0.05)相对于已婚/同居对认知功能具有负向影响。
男性中,家庭年收入为≥20 000元(β=1.392,P<0.01)相对于0~11 999元对认知功能有正向影响;年龄(β=-0.149,P<0.001)对认知功能具有负向影响;婚姻状况为丧偶/分居/离异/从未结婚(β=-1.316,P<0.01)相对于已婚/同居对认知功能具有负向影响;体力活动对认知功能的影响无显著意义;家庭年收入为12 000~19 999元相对于0~11 999元对认知功能的影响无显著意义。
女性中,家庭年收入为≥20 000元(β=1.316,P<0.05)相对于0~11 999元对认知功能有正向影响;年龄(β=-0.123,P<0.001)对认知功能具有负向影响;体力活动对认知功能的影响无显著意义;婚姻状况为丧偶/分居/离异/从未结婚相对于已婚/同居对认知功能的影响无显著意义;家庭年收入为12 000~19 999元相对于0~11 999元对认知功能的影响无显著意义。
图1显示了睡眠时长和睡眠质量在体力活动和认知功能间的中介效应检验结果。其中,睡眠时长在体力活动与认知功能间的中介效应有显著性意义(P<0.05),表明睡眠时长在体力活动与认知功能间存在部分中介效应,中介效应为0.000 4,总效应为0.004 1,中介效应占比7.74%;睡眠质量在体力活动与认知功能间的中介效应有显著性意义(P<0.01),表明睡眠质量在体力活动与认知功能间存在部分中介效应,中介效应为0.000 9,总效应为0.003 6,中介效应占比19.18%。
本研究分析了成都市农村老年居民的体力活动水平对认知功能的影响,并进一步探究了睡眠时长和睡眠质量在体力活动和认知功能间的中介作用。结果显示,体力活动水平对认知功能具有正向影响,睡眠时长和睡眠质量均在体力活动和认知功能之间具有中介作用。
成都市农村老年居民的体力活动水平对认知功能具有正向影响,这与以往的研究结论基本一致。Qiankun Huang等人[17]基于中国健康与营养调查(China Health and Nutrition Survey, CHNS)的数据,分析了1 514名55岁以上人群的家务、职业、交通和闲暇时间体力活动对认知功能的影响,发现家务性体力活动对认知功能有正向影响。Xiuxiu Zhou等人[18]基于CHARLS的数据,探究了4 697名45岁以上的农村居民中较大强度、中等强度和低强度的体力活动与认知功能的关系,发现中等强度和低强度的体力活动与认知功能之间呈正相关关系,较大强度体力活动和认知功能之间呈负相关关系。可见,为了预防和延缓认知功能下降,农村老年居民应坚持参加体力活动,尤其是中等强度和低强度的家务性体力活动。
本研究发现,睡眠时长和睡眠质量在体力活动对认知功能间的影响过程中存在中介作用。目前,我国探究睡眠在体力活动和认知功能间中介作用的研究还较少,仅检索到的一项研究[19]以180名华东师范大学学生为研究对象,分析了自报的睡眠质量和睡眠效率在体力活动和认知功能间的中介效应,发现两者均存在中介作用。尽管研究对象与本研究不同,但其结论与本研究一致。而国外的研究结果也和本研究基本一致。欧洲一项研究[20]分析了86 541名在社区居住的成年人的睡眠质量在体力活动和认知功能间的中介作用,发现自我报告的睡眠质量在体力活动和认知功能间具有中介作用。美国一项研究[21]分析了59名青年人(21~30岁)和53名老年人(55~80岁)的睡眠效率(睡着的时间/躺在床上的时间)和睡眠总时长(睡着的时间+躺在床上的时间)在体力活动和认知功能间的中介作用,发现睡眠效率在其中存在中介作用,而睡眠总时长不存在中介作用,这与本研究的结果基本一致。本研究的睡眠时长是指真正睡着的时间,而睡眠质量也和睡眠效率相对应。总之,有必要开展针对老年人睡眠时长和睡眠质量的干预项目,从而促进其认知功能的改善。
本研究存在一定的局限性。首先,本研究的研究对象仅为成都市农村居民,使得研究结论的外推性受到限制;其次,本研究所采用的数据来自于研究对象自报,存在一定的信息偏倚;最后,本研究系横断面研究,在探究因果关系上存在一定局限性。尽管如此,本研究初步探讨了成都市农村老年居民的睡眠时长和睡眠质量在体力活动和认知功能间的中介效应,为后期开展更有针对性、更高效的老年人认知功能促进项目提供了科学的参考依据,具有一定的现实意义和学术价值。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助(71904135)
  • 西藏自治区科技计划资助(XZ202301ZY0047G)
  • 成都市科技计划资助(2022-YF05-01751-SN)
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2024年第51卷第7期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202401129
  • 接收时间:2024-01-10
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-04-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-10
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国家自然科学基金资助(71904135)
西藏自治区科技计划资助(XZ202301ZY0047G)
成都市科技计划资助(2022-YF05-01751-SN)
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    四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川 成都 610041

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
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species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
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Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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