Article(id=1240950903608496920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202310344, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1697558400000, receivedDateStr=2023-10-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773795351172, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1712678400000, pubDateStr=2024-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773795351172, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773795351172, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773795351172, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240950898113966774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='7', pageStart='1153', pageEnd='1344', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773795349862, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773795519367, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240951609136567133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240951609136567134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1255, endPage=1259, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240950903868543769, articleId=1240950903608496920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Analysis on the coupling and coordination relationship between medical and health resource allocation and service utilization in China, columnId=1228016567846367388, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Policy and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the current situation and development trend of coupling coordination between medical and health resource allocation and service utilization in eastern, central, and western regions and provinces of China, and to provide suggestions for promoting the coordinated development of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization.

Methods

The related index data of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization from 2018 to 2022 were selected, and the comprehensive development level index and relative development degree were used to evaluate the medical and health resource allocation and service utilization. The coupled coordination degree model was used to analyze the coupling coordination relationship and development trend of the two systems.

Results

There were significant differences in the comprehensive development level of medical and health resource allocation among provinces, and the overall structure of relative development degree in 2021 was “9-11-11”. From 2017 to 2021, the coupling coordination degree of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization decreased, showing a decreasing trend from east to west as a whole. The overall coordination between the allocation of medical and health resources and the utilization of services in China was poor. Only 12 provinces achieved coordinated development in 2021. Xizang was still in the dilemma of serious imbalance.

Conclusion

It is suggested to improve the accuracy of medical and health resources allocation, reduce the differences in the development level of resource allocation between provinces, and build a multi-party co-governance pattern. The improvement strategy of coordination level should be accurately formulated according to the relative development of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization in each province.

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目的

探究我国东、中、西部地区及各省份医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用的耦合协调现状和发展趋势,为促进医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用协调发展提供建议。

方法

选取2018—2022年医疗卫生资源配置及服务利用相关指标数据,采用综合发展水平指数和相对发展度对医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用进行综合评价,利用耦合协调度模型分析两系统的耦合协调关系及发展趋势。

结果

省域间医疗卫生资源配置的综合发展水平存在明显差异;2021年相对发展度整体结构为“9-11-11”。2017—2021年各地区医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用的耦合协调度降低,整体呈由东向西递减趋势。我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用的整体协调情况欠佳,2021年仅12个省份实现协调发展,西藏仍处于严重失调的窘境。

结论

提升医疗卫生资源配置精准度,缩小省域间资源配置发展水平差异;构建多方共治格局,根据各省份医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用相对发展度精确制定协调水平的改进策略。

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李伟,E-mail:
于兆锋,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=/UdQ5lqvPy474hZY1Zb0CQ==, magXml=dBE5oJNehIC4m92MLziOuQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=a4vdlFsXMZj2dz+R2Hl4xA==, pdfFileSize=638143, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=mgjr6t49F6thVeboSXAiOQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

陈珂瑄(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生

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Equity analysis of health resource allocation in Guangxi region based on agglomeration degree and concentration index[J].Chinese Health Resources, 2022, 25(6): 829-834, 841., articleTitle=Equity analysis of health resource allocation in Guangxi region based on agglomeration degree and concentration index, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240972181530800294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=26, issue=9, pageStart=32, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=28, authorNames=刘春雨, 龚超, 薄云鹊, journalName=中国医院, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘春雨,龚超,薄云鹊,等.基于基尼系数和聚集度的天津市卫生资源配置公平性分析[J].中国医院202226(9):32-35., articleTitle=基于基尼系数和聚集度的天津市卫生资源配置公平性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240972181597909162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=26, issue=9, pageStart=32, pageEnd=35, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=29, authorNames=Liu CY, Gong C, Bo YQ, journalName=Chinese Hospitals, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu CY, Gong C, Bo YQ, et al. Equity analysis of health resource allocation in Tianjin based on Gini coefficient and aggregation degree[J]. Chinese Hospitals, 2022, 26(9): 32-35., articleTitle=Equity analysis of health resource allocation in Tianjin based on Gini coefficient and aggregation degree, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240972177017729053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, awardId=71774119, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(71774119), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240972177126780958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, awardId=ZR2023MG019, language=CN, fundingSource=山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2023MG019), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240972177244221474, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, awardId=2022RKY07011, language=CN, fundingSource=山东省软科学课题(2022RKY07011), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1240972177353273385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, awardId=2022-ZXJK-18, language=CN, fundingSource=山东省人文社会科学课题(2022-ZXJK-18), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240972168260022908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972168268411518, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, companyId=1240972168260022908, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972168276800128, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, companyId=1240972168260022908, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240972168415212174, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972168423600782, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, companyId=1240972168415212174, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.山东第二医科大学管理学院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240972168557818525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972168574595745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, companyId=1240972168557818525, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.山东第二医科大学人事处,山东 潍坊 261053)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240972175751050208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

The evaluation index system and index nature of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization in China

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标层指标方向
医疗卫生资源配置机构数(个)+
床位数(张)+
卫生人员数+
医疗卫生服务利用入院人次数(万人次)+
诊疗人次数(万人次)+
健康检查人次数(万人次)+
病床使用率(%)+
平均住院日(天)-
医师日均担负诊疗人次(人次)+
), ArticleFig(id=1240972175855907813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用的评价指标体系及性质

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标层指标方向
医疗卫生资源配置机构数(个)+
床位数(张)+
卫生人员数+
医疗卫生服务利用入院人次数(万人次)+
诊疗人次数(万人次)+
健康检查人次数(万人次)+
病床使用率(%)+
平均住院日(天)-
医师日均担负诊疗人次(人次)+
), ArticleFig(id=1240972175981736939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Classification of coupling coordination degree

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
协调类型D值范围耦合协调类型等级
失调衰退型[0.0,0.1)极度失调
[0.1,0.2)严重失调
[0.2,0.3)中度失调
[0.3,0.4)轻度失调
过渡调和型[0.4,0.5)濒临失调
[0.5,0.6)勉强协调
协调发展型[0.6,0.7)初级协调
[0.7,0.8)中级协调
[0.8,0.9)良好协调
[0.9,1.0)优质协调
), ArticleFig(id=1240972176103371764, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

耦合协调度等级划分

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
协调类型D值范围耦合协调类型等级
失调衰退型[0.0,0.1)极度失调
[0.1,0.2)严重失调
[0.2,0.3)中度失调
[0.3,0.4)轻度失调
过渡调和型[0.4,0.5)濒临失调
[0.5,0.6)勉强协调
协调发展型[0.6,0.7)初级协调
[0.7,0.8)中级协调
[0.8,0.9)良好协调
[0.9,1.0)优质协调
), ArticleFig(id=1240972176220812283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

The comprehensive development level index of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization in China from 2017 to 2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区省市2017年2018年2019年2020年2021年
U1U2U1U2U1U2U1U2U1U2
东部北京0.1790.2640.1740.2720.1770.3210.1720.2130.1700.291
天津0.0660.2140.0630.2480.0630.2390.0600.1780.0600.224
河北0.7930.4380.8000.4090.7920.3880.7910.4150.7860.369
辽宁0.4310.2070.4220.2060.4020.2040.3900.1950.3770.186
广东0.7680.8450.7700.8400.7870.8660.7930.8540.7970.846
海南0.0330.1820.0330.1560.0350.1530.0420.1480.0430.134
山东0.9900.6650.9820.6300.9900.6040.9810.6450.9670.601
福建0.2980.3720.2950.3540.2980.3450.3000.3550.2980.336
上海0.1310.4220.1290.4070.1320.4220.1340.3350.1380.444
江苏0.6030.6170.6070.6070.6210.6090.6250.6200.6160.573
浙江0.4770.5960.4770.6150.4910.6280.4900.6260.4870.626
中部安徽0.3830.4150.3830.3890.3960.4010.4390.4030.4260.383
江西0.3870.3650.3710.3440.3800.3280.3790.3540.3770.317
河南0.9040.5940.8980.6000.8940.5840.9130.6290.9270.584
湖北0.5170.4540.5050.4340.4910.4310.4810.3880.4830.435
湖南0.6850.4090.6610.3770.6790.3760.6560.4220.6340.401
吉林0.2240.1700.2330.1660.2270.1580.2440.1290.2360.137
黑龙江0.2920.1360.2810.1350.2790.1230.2670.0780.2590.081
山西0.3940.1330.3810.1300.3810.1310.3680.1690.3590.157
西部内蒙古0.2430.1400.2390.1540.2360.1480.2290.1550.2250.134
广西0.4000.4340.3910.4040.3960.3960.4010.4190.4020.405
重庆0.2550.2920.2580.2630.2630.2730.2580.2850.2530.296
四川0.9170.5520.9080.5420.9270.5690.9100.6020.8800.573
贵州0.3290.3240.3250.3170.3350.3020.3360.3350.3370.305
云南0.3550.3990.3530.3820.3670.3790.3750.4200.3650.389
陕西0.4060.3080.3940.3030.3980.3090.3880.2990.3780.279
甘肃0.2550.2680.2460.2680.2500.2480.2340.2550.2320.215
青海0.0300.1160.0280.1110.0290.0960.0270.1380.0260.103
宁夏0.0220.1840.0210.1730.0210.1790.0200.1830.0180.156
新疆0.2200.3150.2120.2800.2120.3080.2030.2710.1930.245
西藏0.0140.1400.0120.1030.0130.0690.0120.1730.0110.092
平均值0.3870.3540.3820.3430.3860.3420.3840.3450.3790.333
), ArticleFig(id=1240972176355030015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2017—2021年我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用综合发展水平指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区省市2017年2018年2019年2020年2021年
U1U2U1U2U1U2U1U2U1U2
东部北京0.1790.2640.1740.2720.1770.3210.1720.2130.1700.291
天津0.0660.2140.0630.2480.0630.2390.0600.1780.0600.224
河北0.7930.4380.8000.4090.7920.3880.7910.4150.7860.369
辽宁0.4310.2070.4220.2060.4020.2040.3900.1950.3770.186
广东0.7680.8450.7700.8400.7870.8660.7930.8540.7970.846
海南0.0330.1820.0330.1560.0350.1530.0420.1480.0430.134
山东0.9900.6650.9820.6300.9900.6040.9810.6450.9670.601
福建0.2980.3720.2950.3540.2980.3450.3000.3550.2980.336
上海0.1310.4220.1290.4070.1320.4220.1340.3350.1380.444
江苏0.6030.6170.6070.6070.6210.6090.6250.6200.6160.573
浙江0.4770.5960.4770.6150.4910.6280.4900.6260.4870.626
中部安徽0.3830.4150.3830.3890.3960.4010.4390.4030.4260.383
江西0.3870.3650.3710.3440.3800.3280.3790.3540.3770.317
河南0.9040.5940.8980.6000.8940.5840.9130.6290.9270.584
湖北0.5170.4540.5050.4340.4910.4310.4810.3880.4830.435
湖南0.6850.4090.6610.3770.6790.3760.6560.4220.6340.401
吉林0.2240.1700.2330.1660.2270.1580.2440.1290.2360.137
黑龙江0.2920.1360.2810.1350.2790.1230.2670.0780.2590.081
山西0.3940.1330.3810.1300.3810.1310.3680.1690.3590.157
西部内蒙古0.2430.1400.2390.1540.2360.1480.2290.1550.2250.134
广西0.4000.4340.3910.4040.3960.3960.4010.4190.4020.405
重庆0.2550.2920.2580.2630.2630.2730.2580.2850.2530.296
四川0.9170.5520.9080.5420.9270.5690.9100.6020.8800.573
贵州0.3290.3240.3250.3170.3350.3020.3360.3350.3370.305
云南0.3550.3990.3530.3820.3670.3790.3750.4200.3650.389
陕西0.4060.3080.3940.3030.3980.3090.3880.2990.3780.279
甘肃0.2550.2680.2460.2680.2500.2480.2340.2550.2320.215
青海0.0300.1160.0280.1110.0290.0960.0270.1380.0260.103
宁夏0.0220.1840.0210.1730.0210.1790.0200.1830.0180.156
新疆0.2200.3150.2120.2800.2120.3080.2030.2710.1930.245
西藏0.0140.1400.0120.1030.0130.0690.0120.1730.0110.092
平均值0.3870.3540.3820.3430.3860.3420.3840.3450.3790.333
), ArticleFig(id=1240972176480858115, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

The coupling and coordination of the two systems in the eastern, central, and western regions of China from 2017 to 2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
(年)
东部地区中部地区西部地区
U1U2CDU1U2CDU1U2CD
20170.4330.4380.9330.6160.4730.3340.9670.6110.2870.2890.9080.496
20180.4320.4310.9310.6120.4640.3220.9660.6030.2820.2750.9140.487
20190.4350.4350.9320.6140.4660.3160.9640.6000.2870.2730.9250.488
20200.4340.4170.9500.6080.4680.3220.9590.6010.2830.2940.8960.494
20210.4310.4210.9390.6080.4630.3120.9600.5950.2770.2660.9130.479
), ArticleFig(id=1240972176564744199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2017—2021年我国东、中、西部地区两系统耦合协调情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份
(年)
东部地区中部地区西部地区
U1U2CDU1U2CDU1U2CD
20170.4330.4380.9330.6160.4730.3340.9670.6110.2870.2890.9080.496
20180.4320.4310.9310.6120.4640.3220.9660.6030.2820.2750.9140.487
20190.4350.4350.9320.6140.4660.3160.9640.6000.2870.2730.9250.488
20200.4340.4170.9500.6080.4680.3220.9590.6010.2830.2940.8960.494
20210.4310.4210.9390.6080.4630.3120.9600.5950.2770.2660.9130.479
), ArticleFig(id=1240972176640241678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Coupling coordination degree and coordination types among provinces in China from 2017 to 2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区省份年份(年)协调类型
201720182019202020212017年2021年
东部北京0.4660.4670.4880.4380.472濒临失调濒临失调
天津0.3450.3530.3500.3210.341轻度失调轻度失调
河北0.7670.7560.7450.7570.734中级协调中级协调
辽宁0.5460.5430.5350.5250.515勉强协调勉强协调
广东0.8980.8970.9090.9070.906良好协调优质协调
海南0.2780.2670.2710.2800.275中度失调中度失调
山东0.9010.8870.8790.8920.873优质协调良好协调
福建0.5770.5680.5660.5710.563勉强协调勉强协调
上海0.4850.4790.4860.4600.497濒临失调濒临失调
江苏0.7810.7790.7840.7890.770中级协调中级协调
浙江0.7300.7360.7450.7440.743中级协调中级协调
中部安徽0.6310.6210.6310.6480.636初级协调初级协调
江西0.6130.5980.5940.6050.588初级协调勉强协调
河南0.8560.8570.8500.8700.858良好协调良好协调
湖北0.6960.6840.6780.6570.677初级协调初级协调
湖南0.7270.7070.7110.7250.710中级协调中级协调
吉林0.4410.4440.4350.4220.424濒临失调濒临失调
黑龙江0.4460.4410.4300.3800.381濒临失调轻度失调
山西0.4790.4720.4730.5000.487濒临失调濒临失调
西部内蒙古0.4300.4380.4320.4340.417濒临失调濒临失调
广西0.6450.6300.6290.6400.635初级协调初级协调
重庆0.5220.5110.5180.5210.523勉强协调勉强协调
四川0.8440.8380.8520.8600.843良好协调良好协调
贵州0.5710.5670.5640.5790.566勉强协调勉强协调
云南0.6130.6060.6110.6300.614初级协调初级协调
陕西0.5940.5880.5920.5840.570勉强协调勉强协调
甘肃0.5110.5070.4990.4940.473勉强协调濒临失调
青海0.2440.2370.2310.2460.227中度失调中度失调
宁夏0.2520.2470.2460.2450.231中度失调中度失调
新疆0.5130.4940.5060.4840.467勉强协调濒临失调
西藏0.2100.1890.1730.2120.180中度失调严重失调
), ArticleFig(id=1240972176749293586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950903608496920, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

2017—2021年全国各省耦合协调度及协调类型

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区省份年份(年)协调类型
201720182019202020212017年2021年
东部北京0.4660.4670.4880.4380.472濒临失调濒临失调
天津0.3450.3530.3500.3210.341轻度失调轻度失调
河北0.7670.7560.7450.7570.734中级协调中级协调
辽宁0.5460.5430.5350.5250.515勉强协调勉强协调
广东0.8980.8970.9090.9070.906良好协调优质协调
海南0.2780.2670.2710.2800.275中度失调中度失调
山东0.9010.8870.8790.8920.873优质协调良好协调
福建0.5770.5680.5660.5710.563勉强协调勉强协调
上海0.4850.4790.4860.4600.497濒临失调濒临失调
江苏0.7810.7790.7840.7890.770中级协调中级协调
浙江0.7300.7360.7450.7440.743中级协调中级协调
中部安徽0.6310.6210.6310.6480.636初级协调初级协调
江西0.6130.5980.5940.6050.588初级协调勉强协调
河南0.8560.8570.8500.8700.858良好协调良好协调
湖北0.6960.6840.6780.6570.677初级协调初级协调
湖南0.7270.7070.7110.7250.710中级协调中级协调
吉林0.4410.4440.4350.4220.424濒临失调濒临失调
黑龙江0.4460.4410.4300.3800.381濒临失调轻度失调
山西0.4790.4720.4730.5000.487濒临失调濒临失调
西部内蒙古0.4300.4380.4320.4340.417濒临失调濒临失调
广西0.6450.6300.6290.6400.635初级协调初级协调
重庆0.5220.5110.5180.5210.523勉强协调勉强协调
四川0.8440.8380.8520.8600.843良好协调良好协调
贵州0.5710.5670.5640.5790.566勉强协调勉强协调
云南0.6130.6060.6110.6300.614初级协调初级协调
陕西0.5940.5880.5920.5840.570勉强协调勉强协调
甘肃0.5110.5070.4990.4940.473勉强协调濒临失调
青海0.2440.2370.2310.2460.227中度失调中度失调
宁夏0.2520.2470.2460.2450.231中度失调中度失调
新疆0.5130.4940.5060.4840.467勉强协调濒临失调
西藏0.2100.1890.1730.2120.180中度失调严重失调
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我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用耦合协调关系分析
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陈珂瑄 1 , 王永强 2 , 杨世兰 1 , 柴钰霖 2 , 王冉 1 , 于兆锋 3 , 李伟 1
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024,51(7): 1255-1259
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现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024, 51(7): 1255-1259
我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用耦合协调关系分析
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陈珂瑄1, 王永强2, 杨世兰1, 柴钰霖2, 王冉1, 于兆锋3 , 李伟1
作者信息
  • 1.山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053
  • 2.山东第二医科大学管理学院
  • 3.山东第二医科大学人事处,山东 潍坊 261053
  • 陈珂瑄(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:公共卫生

通讯作者:

李伟,E-mail:
于兆锋,E-mail:
Analysis on the coupling and coordination relationship between medical and health resource allocation and service utilization in China
Ke-xuan CHEN1, Yong-qiang WANG2, Shi-lan YANG1, Yu-lin CHAI2, Ran WANG1, Zhao-feng YU3 , Wei LI1
Affiliations
  • School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
出版时间: 2024-04-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202310344
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目的

探究我国东、中、西部地区及各省份医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用的耦合协调现状和发展趋势,为促进医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用协调发展提供建议。

方法

选取2018—2022年医疗卫生资源配置及服务利用相关指标数据,采用综合发展水平指数和相对发展度对医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用进行综合评价,利用耦合协调度模型分析两系统的耦合协调关系及发展趋势。

结果

省域间医疗卫生资源配置的综合发展水平存在明显差异;2021年相对发展度整体结构为“9-11-11”。2017—2021年各地区医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用的耦合协调度降低,整体呈由东向西递减趋势。我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用的整体协调情况欠佳,2021年仅12个省份实现协调发展,西藏仍处于严重失调的窘境。

结论

提升医疗卫生资源配置精准度,缩小省域间资源配置发展水平差异;构建多方共治格局,根据各省份医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用相对发展度精确制定协调水平的改进策略。

医疗卫生机构  /  资源配置  /  服务利用  /  耦合协调
Objective

To explore the current situation and development trend of coupling coordination between medical and health resource allocation and service utilization in eastern, central, and western regions and provinces of China, and to provide suggestions for promoting the coordinated development of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization.

Methods

The related index data of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization from 2018 to 2022 were selected, and the comprehensive development level index and relative development degree were used to evaluate the medical and health resource allocation and service utilization. The coupled coordination degree model was used to analyze the coupling coordination relationship and development trend of the two systems.

Results

There were significant differences in the comprehensive development level of medical and health resource allocation among provinces, and the overall structure of relative development degree in 2021 was “9-11-11”. From 2017 to 2021, the coupling coordination degree of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization decreased, showing a decreasing trend from east to west as a whole. The overall coordination between the allocation of medical and health resources and the utilization of services in China was poor. Only 12 provinces achieved coordinated development in 2021. Xizang was still in the dilemma of serious imbalance.

Conclusion

It is suggested to improve the accuracy of medical and health resources allocation, reduce the differences in the development level of resource allocation between provinces, and build a multi-party co-governance pattern. The improvement strategy of coordination level should be accurately formulated according to the relative development of medical and health resource allocation and service utilization in each province.

Medical and health institutions  /  Resource allocation  /  Service utilization  /  Coupling coordination
陈珂瑄, 王永强, 杨世兰, 柴钰霖, 王冉, 于兆锋, 李伟. 我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用耦合协调关系分析. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (7) : 1255 -1259 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202310344
Ke-xuan CHEN, Yong-qiang WANG, Shi-lan YANG, Yu-lin CHAI, Ran WANG, Zhao-feng YU, Wei LI. Analysis on the coupling and coordination relationship between medical and health resource allocation and service utilization in China[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (7) : 1255 -1259 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202310344
公平且高效的进行医疗卫生资源配置,是真正实现全民享有医疗卫生资源的重点;而医疗卫生服务利用情况可反应医疗卫生资源对人群健康的作用效果,是进行医疗卫生资源配置的重要依据。两者互相促进、协调发展将有助于更好地提升医疗卫生服务质量及效率,实现医疗卫生资源社会、经济效益最大化,为实现人人健康做出贡献。2016年12月27日,国家在印发的《“十三五”卫生与健康规划》中指出了十三五时期卫生与健康事业发展面临的新挑战,也强调部分地区医疗卫生资源供需矛盾将更加突出,阐明医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用的关系对卫生与健康事业的高质量发展至关重要。目前,学者关于医疗卫生资源的配置公平性[1-2]、配置效率[3-4]、与经济发展的耦合协调关系[5-6]等相关研究较多,而对于医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用间耦合协调关系的研究较少。基于此,本研究从协调发展视角出发,通过构建医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用耦合协调模型,回顾性探索2017—2021年医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用耦合协调现状及发展趋势,为促进“十四五”新时期我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用协调发展提供参考。
本研究使用的卫生资源数据主要来自2018—2022年《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》,按照其划分标准将我国划分为东部、中部、西部三大地区。其中,东部地区包括北京、天津、河北、辽宁、上海、江苏、浙江、福建、山东、广东、海南;中部地区包括山西、吉林、黑龙江、安徽、江西、河南、湖北、湖南;西部地区包括内蒙古、重庆、广西、四川、贵州、云南、西藏、陕西、甘肃、青海、宁夏、新疆。
根据相关研究[7-8],医疗卫生机构机构数、床位数、卫生人员数可较好地反映医疗卫生机构的机构规模、物力配置和人力配置情况,常作为医疗卫生资源配置的研究指标;而入院人次数、诊疗人次数、健康检查人次数、病床使用率、平均住院日及医师日均担负诊疗人次能够反映医疗卫生服务利用情况及变化趋势。因此,本研究初步构建医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用评价指标体系,见表1
通过熵值法将医疗卫生资源配置和服务利用的各评价指标进行标准化处理,根据各指标变异程度确定指标权重,具体步骤包括:
(1)标准化处理
建立原始数据矩阵,通过标准化处理求出各项指标的标准化值X'ij。计算公式如下:
(2)计算权重wj
通过熵值法计算各评价指标的权重值。ej表示第j项评价指标的熵值,wj表示第j项评价指标的权重。计算公式如下:
根据熵值法计算的指标权重,确定医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用的综合发展水平指数Uk,计算公式如下:
本研究以医疗卫生资源配置的综合发展水平指数(U1)与服务利用的综合发展水平指数(U2)的比值来衡量两个子系统的相对发展情况,相对发展度的类型划分为:医疗机构资源配置滞后型(0<U≤0.8)、同步发展型(0.8<U≤1.2)、医疗机构服务利用滞后型(U≥1.2)[9]
(1)耦合度 为探究医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用之间的协调情况,本研究利用资源配置和服务利用两因素构建耦合协调度模型。耦合度C表示医疗卫生资源配置、服务利用间的作用强度,取值范围为[0,1],C越大表示关联度越高,C=1表示耦合最佳状态,[0.79,1)表示高水平耦合状态。U1U2分别代表医疗卫生资源配置、服务利用两个子系统的综合发展水平指数。计算公式如下:
(2)耦合协调度 耦合协调度D指医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用间的良性关联,T表示综合协调指数,αβ为待定系数,本研究认为医疗卫生资源配置和服务利用两系统同等重要,故α=β=0.5。计算公式如下:
参照已有研究[10],将耦合协调度等级划分如下,见表2
医疗卫生资源配置上,从时间维度看,2021年广东、海南、上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、河南、吉林、广西、贵州、云南、福建12个省份的综合发展水平较2017年有所提升,资源配置水平位于平均发展水平之上的省份由2017年的14个下降至2021年的11个。从空间维度看,全国各省资源配置综合发展水平介于0.011~0.967之间,其中西藏、宁夏、青海、海南、天津的综合发展指数小于0.1,山东、河南、四川、广东、河北、湖南、江苏的综合发展指数大于0.5,其余19个省份处于0.1~0.5之间,省域间差异较大。见表3
医疗卫生服务利用上,从时间维度看,2021年北京、天津、山西、上海、浙江、广东、重庆、四川8个省份的综合发展水平与2017年相比得到了提升。从空间维度看,全国各省服务利用综合发展水平介于0.081~0.846之间,整体水平有待提升,其中黑龙江、西藏的综合发展指数小于0.1,表示服务利用水平不高,广东、浙江、山东、河南、四川、江苏的综合发展指数大于0.5,其余23个省份处于0.1~0.5之间。见表3
2021年我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用相对发展度的整体结构为“9-11-11”,北京、天津、海南、上海、浙江、青海、宁夏、新疆、西藏为资源配置滞后型,河北、辽宁、山东、河南、湖南、吉林、黑龙江、山西、内蒙古、四川、陕西为服务利用滞后型,其余省份为同步发展型。
2021年我国东、中部地区资源配置发展水平较佳,东部地区服务利用发展水平较好,而西部地区资源配置及服务利用的综合发展水平相对落后。2021年东、中、西部地区两系统的耦合度分别为0.939、0.960、0.913,各地区均处于高水平耦合阶段。2017—2021年东、中、西部地区两系统的耦合协调度均有所降低,其中东部地区耦合协调类型仍为初级协调,中部地区由初级协调等级降至勉强协调,西部地区始终处于濒临失调状态,各地区两系统协调等级由东向西递减。见表4
2017—2021年全国各省医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用耦合协调结果见表5
从时间维度看,对比2017和2021年各省份的耦合协调度发现,全国31省份中多数省份耦合协调关系未发生变动。全国有六个省份协调等级下降,山东由优质协调变为良好协调,江西由初级协调变为勉强协调,黑龙江由濒临失调变为轻度失调,甘肃由勉强协调变为濒临失调,新疆由勉强协调变为濒临失调,西藏由中度失调变为严重失调;仅广东的协调等级上升,由良好协调变为优质协调。
从空间维度看,2021年我国东、中、西部地区失调衰退型省份数量分别是2、1、3;过渡调和型省份数量分别是4、3、6;协调发展型省份数量分别是5、4、3。整体来看,东、中部地区属于协调发展型,西部地区属于过渡调和型。其中,东部地区海南耦合协调度最差为中度失调,广东耦合协调度最佳为优质协调;中部地区黑龙江耦合协调度最差为轻度失调,河南耦合协调度最佳为良好协调;西部地区西藏耦合协调度最差为严重失调,四川耦合协调度最佳为良好协调。
结果显示,我国省域间的医疗卫生资源配置综合发展水平存在明显差异,西藏、宁夏、青海等配置水平明显较差,而东部和南部省份配置水平较好,此外,我国医疗卫生服务利用整体水平也有待提升。究其原因,主要是各地区医疗卫生资源配置规划未能综合考虑地理、人口、经济等因素,对医疗卫生资源的宏观调控能力不强,未能有效通过评估资源利用合理性、预测未来资源需求等方式来确定医疗卫生资源调配的重点及方向。因此,为有效避免资源配置过程中因部分地区资源短缺或超标导致省域差异扩大,政府还应打破省域限制,加大优质资源投入力度,鼓励各级医疗卫生机构充分利用互联网、大数据等创建医疗资源共享平台,积极引导冗余医疗卫生资源流向欠发达的偏远地区,保障财力资源纾困解贫、物力资源避免闲置、人力资源高效互动,以此助推资源配置精确性和服务利用水平的提升[11]
研究显示,各地区医疗卫生资源配置和服务利用均处于高水平耦合阶段,这表明两系统间关联度高、相互作用能力强。耦合协调度显示,我国区域和省域医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用协调水平不高,2021年全国仅12个省份实现协调发展,整体协调水平亟待优化。结合新医改以来我国卫生事业发展实践,医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用协调状况的改善需要政府、卫生部门、医疗卫生机构和居民等多方主体共促共治。政府及卫生部门应充分发挥弹性市场机制作用,立足当地医疗卫生服务实际利用情况动态调整医疗卫生资源的配置规划[12],同时通过定期监督和评估严格把控医疗卫生服务质量和效率;各级医疗卫生机构应增强自身服务能力建设,通过定向培养、人才下沉、分级诊疗等方式主动参与协调水平共治格局构建;居民个人应主动及时进行评价反馈和和日常监督,为保障供需匹配和良好的满意度建言献策。
2021年我国相对发展度整体结构为“9-11-11”,仍有较多省份处于资源配置或服务利用滞后状态,这提示明确各省所属滞后类型将有助于改善我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用整体协调水平。对于同步发展型省市,应在保证医疗卫生资源供给能够满足当地居民需求的前提下,通过储备高素质卫生人才、加强医疗卫生机构信息化建设、推进医共体建设、完善服务质量评价及监督机制[13]等方式提高医疗卫生服务质量及效率,实现医疗卫生资源配置和服务利用水平同步提升。对于资源配置滞后型省市,应从其资源数量不足或配置水平偏低进行考虑,通过加大对该省市医疗卫生事业的财政支持[14],保障充足的医疗卫生资源供给,统筹规划省内资源调配,逐步提升医疗卫生资源配置水平,引导其向服务利用综合发展水平靠拢[15-16]。对于服务利用滞后型省市,应提高政府对各级医疗卫生机构服务利用的关注度,明确各类机构实际资源需求量及服务利用情况,及时叫停不合理资源消耗,开展更多利用率高的服务项目,通过积极宣传健康理念、改善医疗服务环境、提升医疗设备智能化、优化预约就诊通道、增设专科特色门诊服务等方式提升群众医疗服务利用主动性,逐步改变服务利用滞后的局面。
本研究聚焦我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用,运用耦合协调度模型探索两系统间的耦合协调关系,整体而言创新性有待进一步提升,未来可考虑借助更多相关方法充实研究内容,如运用空间自相关性分析探讨我国医疗卫生资源配置与服务利用耦合协调的空间差异等,以便对两系统耦合协调关系进行更深入的研究。
  • 国家自然科学基金(71774119)
  • 山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2023MG019)
  • 山东省软科学课题(2022RKY07011)
  • 山东省人文社会科学课题(2022-ZXJK-18)
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2024年第51卷第7期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202310344
  • 接收时间:2023-10-18
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-04-10
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  • 收稿日期:2023-10-18
基金
国家自然科学基金(71774119)
山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2023MG019)
山东省软科学课题(2022RKY07011)
山东省人文社会科学课题(2022-ZXJK-18)
作者信息
    1.山东第二医科大学公共卫生学院,山东 潍坊 261053
    2.山东第二医科大学管理学院
    3.山东第二医科大学人事处,山东 潍坊 261053

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Number of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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