Article(id=1240950902778032867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311429, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1700409600000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773795350974, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1712678400000, pubDateStr=2024-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773795350974, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773795350974, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773795350974, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240950898113966774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='7', pageStart='1153', pageEnd='1344', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773795349862, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773795519367, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240951609136567133, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240951609136567134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240950898113966774, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1260, endPage=1266, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240950903054856942, articleId=1240950902778032867, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Study on the spatial-temporal evolution of the coupling and coordinated development of medical resource supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, columnId=1228016567846367388, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Policy and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between the supply of medical resources and the utilization of medical services in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide reference for optimizing the allocation of medical resources.

Methods

Based on the comprehensive evaluation index system of medical resources supply and service utilization, a comprehensive evaluation model and a coupling coordination degree model were constructed to analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between medical resources supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from 2016 to 2021. With the use of exploratory spatial data analysis, the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of medical resources coupling coordination were analyzed.

Results

From 2016 to 2021, the development levels of medical resources supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle were 0.11-0.13 and 0.14-0.15, respectively, and the relative degree of development changed from shortage of medical resources (0.78) to mutual complement and promotion of development (0.92). However, the proportion of cities subject to lagging supply of medical resources was still large (68.8% in 2021). The level of coupling coordination changed from 0.47 to barely coordinated development. By 2021, only Chongqing and Chengdu had a good coordinated development. The LISA diagram showed that the “high-high” areas increased year by year, and the “cold point” effect disappeared, but there was still a “highland” phenomenon centered on Nanchong.

Conclusion

The development level of medical resource supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle is stable and rising, but the overall level is low and the regional gap is obvious. The coupling coordination level needs to be further improved, which is mainly limited by the lagging supply of medical resources. The spatial positive correlation of coupling coordination degree is gradually enhanced, but the spatial heterogeneity is still prominent.

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目的

分析2016—2021年成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用的耦合协调关系,为优化医疗资源配置提供参考。

方法

基于医疗资源供给与服务利用综合评价指标体系,构建综合评价模型及耦合协调度模型,分析2016—2021年成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用之间的耦合协调关系;借助探索性空间数据分析方法,剖析医疗资源耦合协调的时空演化特征。

结果

2016—2021年,成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用发展水平分别集中在0.11~0.13、0.14~0.15之间;相对发展度由医疗资源配置短缺(0.78)向相互补充与促进(0.92)发展,但受制于医疗资源供给滞后的城市占比仍较大(2021年68.8%);耦合协调等级由濒临失调衰退(0.47)过渡为勉强协调发展(0.50),截至2021年,仅重庆、成都出现良好协调发展;LISA图显示“高-高”聚集的地区逐年增加,“冷点”效应消失,但仍存在以南充为中心的“高地”现象。

结论

成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用发展水平呈稳中有升趋势,但整体水平较低,地区差距明显;耦合协调等级有待进一步提升,主要受制于医疗资源供给滞后;耦合协调度空间正相关性逐渐增强,但空间异质性仍较突出。

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张瑞华,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=G1T3kHYEewSgRDo88Z+01w==, magXml=uhPiV4uPe+oWYWf4k6vxUg==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=6A1KDTTLXor8f/tmC5MvHA==, pdfFileSize=840512, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=8jfFI+Cn7XvkCMdQY6UXgw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=Tqo9XyUxF++6ObXcP1XNYw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

吴雪莲(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生政策与医院管理研究

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Equity and utilization of health resources allocation and regional differentiation degree and spatial distribution trend,Sichuan[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2023, 50(14): 2600-2606., articleTitle=Equity and utilization of health resources allocation and regional differentiation degree and spatial distribution trend,Sichuan, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240972177642672171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=39, issue=12, pageStart=39, pageEnd=43, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=34, authorNames=杨茜茜, 张翔, journalName=中国卫生经济, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨茜茜, 张翔.我国医疗服务设施供需耦合协调度研究[J].中国卫生经济202039(12):39-43., articleTitle=我国医疗服务设施供需耦合协调度研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240972177718169646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=39, issue=12, pageStart=39, pageEnd=43, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=35, authorNames=Yang QQ, Zhang X, journalName=Chinese Health Economics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang QQ, Zhang X. 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Chinese Health Economics, 2020, 39(12): 39-43., articleTitle=Study on the coupling coordination degree of supply and demand of medical service facilities in China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240972177823027247, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=38, issue=5, pageStart=22, pageEnd=26, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=36, authorNames=梁锦峰, 杨茜茜, journalName=卫生经济研究, refType=null, unstructuredReference=梁锦峰, 杨茜茜.我国中医药服务能力与区域经济的耦合协调度研究[J].卫生经济研究202138(5):22-26., articleTitle=我国中医药服务能力与区域经济的耦合协调度研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1240972177927884850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=38, issue=5, pageStart=22, pageEnd=26, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=37, authorNames=Liang JF, Yang QQ, journalName=Health Economics Research, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liang JF, Yang QQ. Study on the coupling coordination degree between TCM service ability and regional economy in China[J]. Health Economics Research, 2021, 38(5): 22-26., articleTitle=Study on the coupling coordination degree between TCM service ability and regional economy in China, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1240972171586098004, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, awardId=SWFZ22-Z-02; SWFZ21-Q-59, language=CN, fundingSource=四川省基层卫生事业发展研究中心(SWFZ22-Z-02; SWFZ21-Q-59), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1240972162832585075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972162840973687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, companyId=1240972162832585075, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=School of Management, Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972162849362296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, companyId=1240972162832585075, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.成都中医药大学管理学院,四川 成都 611137)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240972162996162944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972163004551554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, companyId=1240972162996162944, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.四川省骨科医院)]), AuthorCompany(id=1240972163138769290, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1240972163151352204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, companyId=1240972163138769290, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.成都市第三人民医院)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1240972167773475511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=LISA diagram of the coupling coordination degree of supply and demand of medical resources in twin cities economic circle of Chengdu-Chongqing area in 2016, 2019, and 2021, figureFileSmall=PkFzkebobTS3DufM6LQVPw==, figureFileBig=YC+SkrFV3/7ZW3lRxPDlLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240972167857361598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=CN, label=图1, caption=2016、2019和2021年成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供需耦合协调度的LISA图

注:底图源于国家地理信息公共服务平台,审图号GS(2019)3266号。

, figureFileSmall=PkFzkebobTS3DufM6LQVPw==, figureFileBig=YC+SkrFV3/7ZW3lRxPDlLg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1240972168125797067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Scope of twin cities economic circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
区域涵盖城市
四川省成都、绵阳(除平武县、北川县)、德阳、资阳、乐山、眉山、遂宁、雅安(除天全县、宝兴县)、南充、广安、达州(除万源市)、宜宾、自贡、泸州、内江
重庆市渝中区、大渡口、江北区、沙坪坝、九龙坡、南岸区、北碚区、渝北区、巴南区、万州区、涪陵区、綦江区、大足区、黔江区、长寿区、江津区、合川区、永川区、南川区、璧山区、铜梁区、潼南区、荣昌区、梁平区、丰都区、垫江县、忠县及开州、云阳的部分地区
), ArticleFig(id=1240972168285180637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

成渝地区双城经济圈范围

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
区域涵盖城市
四川省成都、绵阳(除平武县、北川县)、德阳、资阳、乐山、眉山、遂宁、雅安(除天全县、宝兴县)、南充、广安、达州(除万源市)、宜宾、自贡、泸州、内江
重庆市渝中区、大渡口、江北区、沙坪坝、九龙坡、南岸区、北碚区、渝北区、巴南区、万州区、涪陵区、綦江区、大足区、黔江区、长寿区、江津区、合川区、永川区、南川区、璧山区、铜梁区、潼南区、荣昌区、梁平区、丰都区、垫江县、忠县及开州、云阳的部分地区
), ArticleFig(id=1240972168419398367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Evaluation index system and entropy weight of medical resource supply and service utilization

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标系统一级指标二级指标指标权重
2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年2021年
资源配置卫生人员卫生技术人员数(人/千人)0.070.070.070.090.100.05
卫生设施医疗机构数(个/千人)0.080.080.090.080.110.09
床位数(张/千人)0.050.060.070.090.090.06
卫生经费财政补助投入(万元/千人)0.450.450.390.370.110.48
服务利用服务数量诊疗量(人次/千人)0.090.080.070.070.100.05
入院人数(人/千人)0.060.060.080.090.080.05
服务效率床位利用率(%)0.060.040.040.040.130.06
平均住院日(d)0.070.030.030.040.080.04
服务费用次均门诊费用(元)0.070.090.100.090.130.07
人均住院费用(元)0.070.070.090.090.150.07
), ArticleFig(id=1240972168562004710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

医疗资源供给与服务利用的评价指标体系及熵权

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标系统一级指标二级指标指标权重
2016年2017年2018年2019年2020年2021年
资源配置卫生人员卫生技术人员数(人/千人)0.070.070.070.090.100.05
卫生设施医疗机构数(个/千人)0.080.080.090.080.110.09
床位数(张/千人)0.050.060.070.090.090.06
卫生经费财政补助投入(万元/千人)0.450.450.390.370.110.48
服务利用服务数量诊疗量(人次/千人)0.090.080.070.070.100.05
入院人数(人/千人)0.060.060.080.090.080.05
服务效率床位利用率(%)0.060.040.040.040.130.06
平均住院日(d)0.070.030.030.040.080.04
服务费用次均门诊费用(元)0.070.090.100.090.130.07
人均住院费用(元)0.070.070.090.090.150.07
), ArticleFig(id=1240972168704611058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Criteria for coupling coordination level and type

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
D类型E特征
0≤D<0.30严重失调衰退
(A1型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A11
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A12
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A13
0.30≤D<0.39轻度失调衰退
(A2型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A21
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A22
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A23
0.39≤D<0.49濒临失调衰退
(A3型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A31
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A32
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A33
0.49≤D<0.59勉强协调发展
(A4型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A41
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A42
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A43
0.59≤D<0.69中级协调发展
(A5型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A51
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A52
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A53
0.69≤D<0.79良好协调发展
(A6型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A61
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A62
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A63
0.80≤D<1.00优质协调发展
(A7型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A71
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A72
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A73
), ArticleFig(id=1240972168855606012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

耦合协调度等级与类型判断标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
D类型E特征
0≤D<0.30严重失调衰退
(A1型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A11
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A12
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A13
0.30≤D<0.39轻度失调衰退
(A2型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A21
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A22
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A23
0.39≤D<0.49濒临失调衰退
(A3型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A31
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A32
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A33
0.49≤D<0.59勉强协调发展
(A4型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A41
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A42
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A43
0.59≤D<0.69中级协调发展
(A5型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A51
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A52
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A53
0.69≤D<0.79良好协调发展
(A6型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A61
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A62
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A63
0.80≤D<1.00优质协调发展
(A7型)
E≤0.80医疗资源供给滞后型A71
0.80<E<1.20医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用协同发展型A72
E≥1.20医疗服务利用滞后型A73
), ArticleFig(id=1240972168994018055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Comprehensive development index of medical resource supply and demand of each city in twin cities economic circle of Chengdu-Chongqing area from 2016 to 2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区2016年2019年2021年
u1u2Eu1u2Eu1u2E
重庆0.460.143.260.390.123.270.490.124.14
成都0.150.290.500.210.360.580.100.240.40
眉山0.040.100.360.050.140.340.050.110.46
资阳0.120.200.590.150.180.830.140.200.74
绵阳0.100.170.550.140.190.720.100.200.49
德阳0.070.160.430.080.160.530.060.150.39
雅安0.130.111.240.180.141.310.180.111.64
内江0.040.110.420.070.110.610.120.130.87
宜宾0.100.091.120.140.121.140.100.130.77
自贡0.100.160.590.120.160.720.150.190.77
南充0.100.130.780.100.110.930.130.131.05
遂宁0.080.120.640.090.120.730.110.130.87
广安0.060.140.410.070.100.720.020.080.28
泸州0.090.180.520.150.220.690.110.200.58
乐山0.090.091.000.120.121.000.100.130.75
达州0.010.110.130.020.090.210.050.100.50
均值0.110.140.780.130.150.900.130.150.92
), ArticleFig(id=1240972169132430094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2016—2021年成渝地区双城经济圈各城市医疗资源供需的综合发展指数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区2016年2019年2021年
u1u2Eu1u2Eu1u2E
重庆0.460.143.260.390.123.270.490.124.14
成都0.150.290.500.210.360.580.100.240.40
眉山0.040.100.360.050.140.340.050.110.46
资阳0.120.200.590.150.180.830.140.200.74
绵阳0.100.170.550.140.190.720.100.200.49
德阳0.070.160.430.080.160.530.060.150.39
雅安0.130.111.240.180.141.310.180.111.64
内江0.040.110.420.070.110.610.120.130.87
宜宾0.100.091.120.140.121.140.100.130.77
自贡0.100.160.590.120.160.720.150.190.77
南充0.100.130.780.100.110.930.130.131.05
遂宁0.080.120.640.090.120.730.110.130.87
广安0.060.140.410.070.100.720.020.080.28
泸州0.090.180.520.150.220.690.110.200.58
乐山0.090.091.000.120.121.000.100.130.75
达州0.010.110.130.020.090.210.050.100.50
均值0.110.140.780.130.150.900.130.150.92
), ArticleFig(id=1240972169312785183, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Coupling coordination types of medical resource supply and utilization efficiency in twin cities economic circle of Chengdu-Chongqing area from 2016 to 2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区2016年2019年2021年
CD特征CD特征CD特征
重庆0.850.71A630.850.66A530.790.70A63
成都0.940.64A510.960.74A610.900.55A41
眉山0.880.35A210.870.40A310.930.38A21
资阳0.970.55A411.000.57A420.990.58A41
绵阳0.960.51A410.990.58A410.940.53A41
德阳0.920.46A310.950.48A310.900.43A31
雅安0.990.49A430.990.56A430.970.54A43
内江0.910.37A210.970.42A311.000.50A42
宜宾1.000.44A321.000.50A420.990.48A31
自贡0.970.50A410.990.52A410.990.58A41
南充0.990.47A311.000.46A321.000.51A42
遂宁0.970.44A310.990.45A311.000.49A42
广安0.910.42A310.990.41A310.830.29A11
泸州0.950.51A410.980.60A510.960.54A41
乐山1.000.42A321.000.49A420.990.47A31
达州0.630.28A110.760.29A110.940.38A21
均值0.930.47A310.960.51A420.940.50A42
), ArticleFig(id=1240972170877260583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

2016—2021年成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与利用效率的耦合协调类型

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地区2016年2019年2021年
CD特征CD特征CD特征
重庆0.850.71A630.850.66A530.790.70A63
成都0.940.64A510.960.74A610.900.55A41
眉山0.880.35A210.870.40A310.930.38A21
资阳0.970.55A411.000.57A420.990.58A41
绵阳0.960.51A410.990.58A410.940.53A41
德阳0.920.46A310.950.48A310.900.43A31
雅安0.990.49A430.990.56A430.970.54A43
内江0.910.37A210.970.42A311.000.50A42
宜宾1.000.44A321.000.50A420.990.48A31
自贡0.970.50A410.990.52A410.990.58A41
南充0.990.47A311.000.46A321.000.51A42
遂宁0.970.44A310.990.45A311.000.49A42
广安0.910.42A310.990.41A310.830.29A11
泸州0.950.51A410.980.60A510.960.54A41
乐山1.000.42A321.000.49A420.990.47A31
达州0.630.28A110.760.29A110.940.38A21
均值0.930.47A310.960.51A420.940.50A42
), ArticleFig(id=1240972171103753015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

The global Moran I index of the coupling coordination degree of medical resource supply and service utilization from 2016 to 2021

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份(年)IPZ
2016-0.190.18-0.93
2017-0.140.29-0.58
2018-0.090.46-0.17
2019-0.060.470.02
2020-0.030.340.31
2021-0.160.28-0.60
), ArticleFig(id=1240972171313468230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240950902778032867, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

2016—2021年医疗资源供给与服务利用耦合协调度的全局Moran I指数

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年份(年)IPZ
2016-0.190.18-0.93
2017-0.140.29-0.58
2018-0.090.46-0.17
2019-0.060.470.02
2020-0.030.340.31
2021-0.160.28-0.60
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成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用耦合协调发展的时空演化研究
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吴雪莲 1 , 张兰 1 , 赵大仁 2 , 杨燕 3 , 张瑞华 1
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024,51(7): 1260-1266
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现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024, 51(7): 1260-1266
成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用耦合协调发展的时空演化研究
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吴雪莲1, 张兰1, 赵大仁2, 杨燕3, 张瑞华1
作者信息
  • 1.成都中医药大学管理学院,四川 成都 611137
  • 2.四川省骨科医院
  • 3.成都市第三人民医院
  • 吴雪莲(2000—),女,硕士在读,研究方向:卫生政策与医院管理研究

通讯作者:

张瑞华,E-mail:
Study on the spatial-temporal evolution of the coupling and coordinated development of medical resource supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle
Xue-lian WU1, Lan ZHANG1, Da-ren ZHAO2, Yan YANG3, Rui-hua ZHANG1
Affiliations
  • School of Management, Chengdu University of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
出版时间: 2024-04-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311429
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目的

分析2016—2021年成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与医疗服务利用的耦合协调关系,为优化医疗资源配置提供参考。

方法

基于医疗资源供给与服务利用综合评价指标体系,构建综合评价模型及耦合协调度模型,分析2016—2021年成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用之间的耦合协调关系;借助探索性空间数据分析方法,剖析医疗资源耦合协调的时空演化特征。

结果

2016—2021年,成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用发展水平分别集中在0.11~0.13、0.14~0.15之间;相对发展度由医疗资源配置短缺(0.78)向相互补充与促进(0.92)发展,但受制于医疗资源供给滞后的城市占比仍较大(2021年68.8%);耦合协调等级由濒临失调衰退(0.47)过渡为勉强协调发展(0.50),截至2021年,仅重庆、成都出现良好协调发展;LISA图显示“高-高”聚集的地区逐年增加,“冷点”效应消失,但仍存在以南充为中心的“高地”现象。

结论

成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用发展水平呈稳中有升趋势,但整体水平较低,地区差距明显;耦合协调等级有待进一步提升,主要受制于医疗资源供给滞后;耦合协调度空间正相关性逐渐增强,但空间异质性仍较突出。

医疗资源供给  /  医疗服务利用  /  耦合协调度  /  时空差异  /  成渝地区双城经济圈
Objective

To analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between the supply of medical resources and the utilization of medical services in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide reference for optimizing the allocation of medical resources.

Methods

Based on the comprehensive evaluation index system of medical resources supply and service utilization, a comprehensive evaluation model and a coupling coordination degree model were constructed to analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between medical resources supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from 2016 to 2021. With the use of exploratory spatial data analysis, the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of medical resources coupling coordination were analyzed.

Results

From 2016 to 2021, the development levels of medical resources supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle were 0.11-0.13 and 0.14-0.15, respectively, and the relative degree of development changed from shortage of medical resources (0.78) to mutual complement and promotion of development (0.92). However, the proportion of cities subject to lagging supply of medical resources was still large (68.8% in 2021). The level of coupling coordination changed from 0.47 to barely coordinated development. By 2021, only Chongqing and Chengdu had a good coordinated development. The LISA diagram showed that the “high-high” areas increased year by year, and the “cold point” effect disappeared, but there was still a “highland” phenomenon centered on Nanchong.

Conclusion

The development level of medical resource supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle is stable and rising, but the overall level is low and the regional gap is obvious. The coupling coordination level needs to be further improved, which is mainly limited by the lagging supply of medical resources. The spatial positive correlation of coupling coordination degree is gradually enhanced, but the spatial heterogeneity is still prominent.

Medical resource supply  /  Medical service utilization  /  Coupling coordination degree  /  Spatial-temporal difference  /  Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle
吴雪莲, 张兰, 赵大仁, 杨燕, 张瑞华. 成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用耦合协调发展的时空演化研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (7) : 1260 -1266 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311429
Xue-lian WU, Lan ZHANG, Da-ren ZHAO, Yan YANG, Rui-hua ZHANG. Study on the spatial-temporal evolution of the coupling and coordinated development of medical resource supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (7) : 1260 -1266 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311429
医疗资源的优化配置与高效利用是卫生健康事业可持续发展的基础[1]。2022年,《“十四五”国民健康规划》提出“加快优质医疗卫生资源扩容和区域均衡布局,不断提升基本医疗卫生服务公平性和可及性”[2]。故优化医疗资源配置,构建优质高效的医疗卫生服务体系,促进医疗资源供给与服务利用优质协调发展具有重要意义。目前,已有研究多从国家及省级层面对医疗资源供给与服务利用的耦合协调关系及其时空格局进行探讨[3-5],较少关注国家重点发展城市群,特别是地处西部内陆的成渝地区双城经济圈。由于医疗资源配置空间关联性主要体现在省域内的不同城市和邻近省域城市之间,故以代表性区域为研究对象,考虑区域内城市间的差异性,能够更好地刻画医疗资源的空间关联与均衡配置问题[6]。在中共中央、国务院印发的《成渝地区双城经济圈建设规划纲要》中,已明确将医疗卫生资源均衡布局纳入区域一体化目标[7]。因此,本研究以空间关联紧密的成渝地区双城经济圈为研究单位,对2016—2021年成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用的耦合协调情况进行历史演进趋势分析,探讨其相对发展状态与空间集聚分布特征,为进一步促进区域医疗资源优质协调发展提供参考。
根据《成渝地区双城经济圈建设规划纲要》,成渝地区双城经济圈由四川省、重庆市部分区域构成,为便于数据获取及保证分析的整体性,本文将绵阳、雅安、达州及重庆全域纳入分析范围。见表1
结合文献学习结果[8-10],充分考虑指标的代表性与解释力,从人力、物力及财力等方面构建医疗资源供给子系统,从服务数量、服务效率及服务费用等方面构建服务利用子系统,考虑到各地区人口数不同可能产生的影响,各指标均采用均数或比率形式表示,见表2。四川省卫生资源相关数据来源于2016—2021年《四川省卫生健康统计年鉴》;重庆市卫生资源相关数据来源于2016—2021年《重庆市卫生健康统计年鉴》;人口数来源于2017—2022年《四川省统计年鉴》和《重庆市统计年鉴》。
为避免单位量纲不同及0值带来的影响,采用极值法进行标准化处理[10];采用熵权法[11],根据各指标所提供的信息量大小确定指标权重;最后采用线性加权法计算得到医疗资源供给与服务利用的综合发展指数[12]
将医疗资源供给与服务利用视为两个耦合的系统,定量测评两者间的耦合协调度,计算公式如下:
D为耦合协调度,C为耦合度,u1u2分别为医疗资源供给与服务利用的综合发展指数,C∈[0,1],数值越大表示两系统间关联程度越高[13]T为协调度,αβ为系统贡献系数,满足α+β=1,本研究认为两系统对耦合发展贡献相等,故α=β=0.05。
单一采用耦合协调度难以评价系统之间的相对发展状况,故引入相对发展度,计算公式如下:
E≤0.80时,医疗资源供给落后于服务利用,处于供给短缺状态;当0.80<E<1.20时,两系统相互促进、优化发展;当E≥1.20时,医疗资源供给超于服务利用,处于过度供给状态[13]
结合耦合协调度的相关研究成果及相对发展度的大小[13-15],划分两子系统的耦合类型,见表3
运用探索性空间数据分析中的全局莫兰指数(Moran I)和局部Moran I,探究成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用耦合协调度的空间关联及分布特征,计算步骤详见李丽清等[13]的研究。
全局Moran I的取值范围为(-1,1),>0(或<0)表示相似属性(或相异属性)在区域内呈空间集聚(或离散)态势,=0呈空间随机分布,其中P值与标准化统计量Z值可反映其显著性水平;局部Moran I存在正相关性(I>0)与负相关性(I<0),即相邻地区存在同属性空间聚集现象或相异属性分布的现象。为了直观显示,可根据局部Moran I值的大小与P值及标准化统计量Z值绘制LISA聚类图,LISA聚类图主要包括正相关的高-高聚集、低-低聚集及负相关的高-低聚集、低-高聚集等四种具有统计学意义的类型[16]
从总体上来看,2016—2021年成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给水平稳中有升,u1均值由2016年的0.11上升至2021年的0.13;医疗服务利用综合水平呈稳步上升趋势,u2均值由2016年的0.14上升至2021年的0.15。两子系统综合水平不高且变化幅度较小,表明经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用水平均有较大提升空间。
从地区层面来看。成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用的综合水平存在明显的地区差异,主要表现为双核城市明显优于非核城市;双核城市间,医疗资源供给水平重庆优于成都,而医疗服务利用水平则恰恰相反。
从相对发展度来看,相对发展度由2016年的0.78上升至2021年的0.92,两子系统逐渐由医疗资源配置短缺向相互补充与促进发展;2021年,重庆、雅安的医疗资源供给水平超前于服务利用水平,成都、眉山、资阳、绵阳、德阳、宜宾、自贡、广安、泸州、乐山、达州的医疗资源供给能力稍显不足,占比68.8%,见表4
从总体上来看,2016—2021年,成渝地区双城经济圈耦合度各年度均值保持在0.9以上且地区间C值差值较小,表明医疗资源供需两系统整体处于高水平耦合阶段,系统间关联程度高,交互效应强,呈最佳有序状态。医疗资源供给与服务利用的耦合协调水平稳步上升,由2016年的濒临失调衰退逐步向2021年的勉强协调发展过渡。表明医疗资源供给与服务利用两子系统间的耦合性能趋于优化,但耦合协调度仍较低,需进一步加以合理干预使医疗资源供需关系向优质协调发展。
从地区层面来看,A1型的地区由2016—2019年的达州转变为2021年的广安;2016—2021年A2型地区占比6.25%,A3型地区占比30.21%,A4型地区分别占比19.80%、11.46%、4.17%,A5型地区分别占比9.36%、1.04%、3.13%;A6型仅出现在2016—2017年及2021年的重庆和2018—2019年的成都,见表5。可见,成渝地区双城经济圈耦合协调度存在明显地区差异。
从全局Moran I指数和Z值来看。2016—2021年,医疗资源供给与服务利用耦合协调度的全局Moran I指数呈负值,对结果进行显著性检验,Z值均介于(-1.96,1.96),差异无统计学意义,表明成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用不存在明显的强相关性。见表6
因全局空间自相关仅对同质的空间有效,而成渝地区双城经济圈每个区域的社会与自然环境差异较大,易产生空间异质性[17]。因此,进一步采用局部空间自相关检验医疗资源供给与服务利用耦合协调度的空间集聚特征很有必要。
选取2016、2019及2021年三年截面数据进行局部空间自相关分析,并绘制LISA图。结果显示,虽然2016—2021年医疗资源供给与服务利用的耦合协调度不存在空间自相关性,但局部区域仍存在明显的空间异质性。高-高聚集仅出现在2021年的内江与泸州;高-低聚集只出现在2021年的南充;低-高聚集自2016—2020年一直集中在德阳,此后消失;低-低聚集出现在2020年的南充后,“冷点”效应消失。见图1
研究显示,成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供需逐渐向相互补充与促进发展,但供需失衡仍然明显,主要受制于医疗资源供给滞后。究其原因:一是核心城市经济较为发达,人口稠密,客观上促进了医疗卫生服务体系的建设完善[9],完善的医疗服务设施与健康管理体系进一步虹吸外地患者前来就医;二是非核城市受经济水平、财政投入等客观条件影响导致医疗资源相对匮乏;三是可能在居民可支配收入、健康素养水平与老龄化、三孩政策及疾病谱等主客观因素的综合作用下,催增了医疗需求,故呈现“供不应求”状态。因供需错配会限制组织内部的信息流,难以协调居民的卫生服务[18]。因此,核心城市应充分发挥经济优势,加快更新医疗设备,加强人才队伍建设,做实家庭医生签约服务,转变基层医疗卫生服务模式,逐步满足群众多层次、多样化的医疗需求;非核城市应加快区域医疗中心建设,积极发挥其在医疗技术、学科人才及科研水平等方面的辐射带动作用,实现优质医疗资源平移输出,提升整体医疗水平。
研究显示,成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用耦合协调类型逐步向勉强协调发展演进,耦合性能趋于优化,但耦合协调度仍较低。究其原因:一是医疗资源供给与服务利用的评价指标较为多元,医疗资源供给水平可能超前或滞后于服务利用水平,只有两者的发展方向、速度和步调一致,才能实现双赢[19]。二是协调度作为各系统发展水平的综合体现,是影响耦合协调度的主要因素[5]。成渝地区双城经济圈可能受地理位置及经济实力等限制,导致医疗资源相对匮乏,从而使医疗资源供给与服务利用发展水平不高,拉低了整体的耦合协调度。因此,医疗资源供给应与服务利用并重,防止与服务利用不相适应的医疗资源错配。建议结合当地实际就医行为、人口分布与结构、疾病谱等,统筹调配医疗资源,适当加大涉老、妇幼等资源的有效供给,将医疗资源配置“短板”转化为医疗资源供需优质协调发展新动能。此外,要多举措提升居民健康素养水平,积极倡导健康优先、健康教育先行理念,激发居民健康服务需求,实现医疗资源供给与服务利用优质协调发展。
LISA图显示,“高-高”聚集的地区逐年增加,“冷点”效应消失,地区间空间正相关性逐步增强。这说明相邻地区在发展过程中,高协调地区会对周边地区产生带动与辐射作用。但仍存在以南充为中心的“高地”现象。可见,成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用的耦合协调度差距逐渐缩小,但空间异质性仍然突出。因此,为实现成渝地区双城经济圈医疗资源供给与服务利用优质协调发展,建议高协调地区加强与周边地区的帮扶与合作,促进跨地区管理经验、医疗技术等资源共享,增强“空间联动”。其次,医疗资源供给滞后的地区应加快医疗资源供给侧结构性改革,着力提高供给体系质量和效率;加大卫生财政投入力度,健全医疗资源配置市场机制,多渠道增加医疗资源供给主体,完善多元化办医格局,促进优质医疗资源扩容。最后,医疗服务利用滞后的地区应统筹推进整合型医疗服务体系建设,让优质医疗资源沉下去,提升基层医疗卫生服务能力,满足患者基本需求;重点考虑患者看病就医流向,推动重点疾病同质化服务,吸引外出就医患者回流。
  • 四川省基层卫生事业发展研究中心(SWFZ22-Z-02; SWFZ21-Q-59)
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2024年第51卷第7期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202311429
  • 接收时间:2023-11-20
  • 首发时间:2026-03-18
  • 出版时间:2024-04-10
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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-20
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四川省基层卫生事业发展研究中心(SWFZ22-Z-02; SWFZ21-Q-59)
作者信息
    1.成都中医药大学管理学院,四川 成都 611137
    2.四川省骨科医院
    3.成都市第三人民医院

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
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红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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