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Article(id=1240929928691110888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240929920461886112, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312465, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1703433600000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773790350362, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1717948800000, pubDateStr=2024-06-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773790350362, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773790350362, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773790350362, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240929920461886112, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2024', volume='51', issue='11', pageStart='1921', pageEnd='2112', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1773790348400, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773827281389, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241084828704109275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240929920461886112, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241084828704109276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240929920461886112, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=2020, endPage=2023, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240929929035042820, articleId=1240929928691110888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Study on direct economic burden of inpatients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy based on CRITIC-VIKOR model, columnId=1228016567846367388, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Health Policy and Management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To analyze the direct disease economic burden of inpatients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy, to provide a strong basis for optimizing the allocation of health resources and disease cost control in public hospitals, and to strengthen the theory of prevention and treatment of endocrine-related diseases during pregnancy. Methods CRITIC-VIKOR model was used to evaluate the direct disease economic burden of inpatients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy. Results The four endocrine diseases during pregnancy were toxic diffuse goiter, polycystic ovary syndrome, postpartum hypopituitarism, and gestational diabetes. Among them, the economic burden of toxic diffuse goiter was heavy, wih the benefit ratio of 0, and the disease burden of polycystic ovary syndrome was relatively light, with the benefit ratio of 1. The benefit ratios of the remaining two diseases were 0.761 and 0.756, respectively. Conclusion CRITIC-VIKOR model can be used to evaluate the direct economic burden of inpatients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy. We should strengthen the hierarchical management and classification of endocrine diseases during pregnancy, improve early screening and intervention, and further optimize the cost structure of endocrine diseases during pregnancy to reduce economic burden.

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目的 分析妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接疾病经济负担，为公立医院卫生资源配置优化、疾病成本控制提供有力依据，有针对性地加强妊娠期内分泌相关疾病防治理论。方法 以妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者为研究对象，采用CRITIC-VIKOR模型对妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者的直接疾病经济负担进行评价研究。结果 筛选出的四种妊娠期内分泌疾病分别为毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿、多囊卵巢综合征、产后垂体功能减退症、妊娠期糖尿病。其中毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿疾病经济负担较重，利益比率为0；多囊卵巢综合征疾病负担相对较轻，利益比率为1；其余两种疾病利益比率分别为0.761和0.756。结论 CRITIC-VIKOR模型可以用于妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接经济负担评价，应加强女性妊娠期内分泌疾病分级分类管理，完善早期筛查、干预，并进一步优化妊娠期内分泌疾病各项费用结构，节省不必要的经济负担。

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周典，E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点，除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=oyBYBMrpw2GFBqD4gvnQLQ==, magXml=H8WfLhShjpAYZcBaatBtsQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=BSFzjQLW8Uaz6ieouCdlNQ==, pdfFileSize=632950, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=XhIp+mYauUQMf9Y/4PF0rg==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

吕曼辰（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：医院管理，卫生政策研究

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吕曼辰（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：医院管理，卫生政策研究

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吕曼辰（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：医院管理，卫生政策研究

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Basic information on cost indicators of endocrine diseases during pregnancy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标（元）最大值P25中位数P75最小值变异系数（%）
综合医疗服务费23 6911 0921 6272 6060105.06
药费41 9452406822 0120162.69
检查与治疗费1 2900101000217.83
化验费7 666765.50869.501 083045.90
护理费1 67080.50140228.50082.03
材料费11 4852966812 597093.50
其他费用1 100203050097.40
), ArticleFig(id=1240941913440833949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240929928691110888, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

妊娠期内分泌疾病费用指标基本情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标（元）最大值P25中位数P75最小值变异系数（%）
综合医疗服务费23 6911 0921 6272 6060105.06
药费41 9452406822 0120162.69
检查与治疗费1 2900101000217.83
化验费7 666765.50869.501 083045.90
护理费1 67080.50140228.50082.03
材料费11 4852966812 597093.50
其他费用1 100203050097.40
), ArticleFig(id=1240941913516331422, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240929928691110888, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The weight of the comprehensive evaluation index of the economic burden of direct disease in hospitalized patients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标指标变异性指标冲突性信息量权重（%）
综合医疗服务费2 576.944.8012 378.9541.01
药费2 302.224.119 460.8631.34
检查与治疗费95.305.43517.291.71
化验费445.004.562 028.566.72
护理费137.343.83525.431.74
材料费1 279.434.025 136.7217.02
其他费用36.393.75136.280.45
), ArticleFig(id=1240941913587634591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240929928691110888, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接疾病经济负担综合评价指标权重

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标指标变异性指标冲突性信息量权重（%）
综合医疗服务费2 576.944.8012 378.9541.01
药费2 302.224.119 460.8631.34
检查与治疗费95.305.43517.291.71
化验费445.004.562 028.566.72
护理费137.343.83525.431.74
材料费1 279.434.025 136.7217.02
其他费用36.393.75136.280.45
), ArticleFig(id=1240941913654743456, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240929928691110888, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Comprehensive ranking of direct economic burden of hospitalized patients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
疾病分类最优方案距离比值之和S最优方案距离比值的最大值R利益率Q（Q值）
排序结果
毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿0.3770.12201
多囊卵巢综合征0.6230.1431.0004
产后垂体功能减退症0.5050.1430.7613
妊娠期糖尿病0.5030.1430.7562
), ArticleFig(id=1240941913721852321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240929928691110888, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接经济负担综合排名

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
疾病分类最优方案距离比值之和S最优方案距离比值的最大值R利益率Q（Q值）
排序结果
毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿0.3770.12201
多囊卵巢综合征0.6230.1431.0004
产后垂体功能减退症0.5050.1430.7613
妊娠期糖尿病0.5030.1430.7562
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基于CRITIC-VIKOR模型的妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接经济负担研究
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吕曼辰 1 , 周典 1, 2 , 田帝 3 , 周苑 4 , 吴烨 5 , 王浩宇 1 , 刘瑶瑶 1 , 张钰 1 , 薛同斌 1 , 刘雪珍 1 , 周睿 1, 6
现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024,51(11): 2020-2023
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现代预防医学 | 卫生政策与管理 2024, 51(11): 2020-2023
基于CRITIC-VIKOR模型的妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接经济负担研究
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吕曼辰1, 周典1, 2 , 田帝3, 周苑4, 吴烨5, 王浩宇1, 刘瑶瑶1, 张钰1, 薛同斌1, 刘雪珍1, 周睿1, 6
作者信息
  • 1.安徽医科大学卫生管理学院，安徽 合肥 230032
  • 2.安徽医科大学第二附属医院书记办公室，安徽 合肥 230601
  • 3.安徽医科大学第一附属医院医务处
  • 4.安徽医科大学第二附属医院团委办公室
  • 5.安徽医科大学第一附属医院人事处
  • 6.安徽医科大学医院管理研究所

    • 吕曼辰（2000—），女，硕士在读，研究方向：医院管理，卫生政策研究

通讯作者:

周典，E-mail:
Study on direct economic burden of inpatients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy based on CRITIC-VIKOR model
Man-chen LV1, Dian ZHOU1, 2 , Di TIAN3, Yuan ZHOU4, Ye WU5, Hao-yu WANG1, Yao-yao LIU1, Yu ZHANG1, Tong-bin XUE1, Xue-zhen LIU1, Rui ZHOU1, 6
Affiliations
  • School of Health Management, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
出版时间: 2024-06-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312465
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摘要
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目的 分析妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接疾病经济负担，为公立医院卫生资源配置优化、疾病成本控制提供有力依据，有针对性地加强妊娠期内分泌相关疾病防治理论。方法 以妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者为研究对象，采用CRITIC-VIKOR模型对妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者的直接疾病经济负担进行评价研究。结果 筛选出的四种妊娠期内分泌疾病分别为毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿、多囊卵巢综合征、产后垂体功能减退症、妊娠期糖尿病。其中毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿疾病经济负担较重，利益比率为0；多囊卵巢综合征疾病负担相对较轻，利益比率为1；其余两种疾病利益比率分别为0.761和0.756。结论 CRITIC-VIKOR模型可以用于妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接经济负担评价，应加强女性妊娠期内分泌疾病分级分类管理，完善早期筛查、干预，并进一步优化妊娠期内分泌疾病各项费用结构，节省不必要的经济负担。

CRITIC-VIKOR模型  /  妊娠期  /  内分泌疾病  /  直接疾病经济负担

Objective To analyze the direct disease economic burden of inpatients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy, to provide a strong basis for optimizing the allocation of health resources and disease cost control in public hospitals, and to strengthen the theory of prevention and treatment of endocrine-related diseases during pregnancy. Methods CRITIC-VIKOR model was used to evaluate the direct disease economic burden of inpatients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy. Results The four endocrine diseases during pregnancy were toxic diffuse goiter, polycystic ovary syndrome, postpartum hypopituitarism, and gestational diabetes. Among them, the economic burden of toxic diffuse goiter was heavy, wih the benefit ratio of 0, and the disease burden of polycystic ovary syndrome was relatively light, with the benefit ratio of 1. The benefit ratios of the remaining two diseases were 0.761 and 0.756, respectively. Conclusion CRITIC-VIKOR model can be used to evaluate the direct economic burden of inpatients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy. We should strengthen the hierarchical management and classification of endocrine diseases during pregnancy, improve early screening and intervention, and further optimize the cost structure of endocrine diseases during pregnancy to reduce economic burden.

CRITIC-VIKOR model  /  Pregnancy  /  Endocrine disease  /  Direct disease economic burden
吕曼辰, 周典, 田帝, 周苑, 吴烨, 王浩宇, 刘瑶瑶, 张钰, 薛同斌, 刘雪珍, 周睿. 基于CRITIC-VIKOR模型的妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接经济负担研究. 现代预防医学, 2024 , 51 (11) : 2020 -2023 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312465
Man-chen LV, Dian ZHOU, Di TIAN, Yuan ZHOU, Ye WU, Hao-yu WANG, Yao-yao LIU, Yu ZHANG, Tong-bin XUE, Xue-zhen LIU, Rui ZHOU. Study on direct economic burden of inpatients with endocrine diseases during pregnancy based on CRITIC-VIKOR model[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2024 , 51 (11) : 2020 -2023 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312465
正文
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近年来，随着中国经济水平的提高和生活方式的改变，妊娠期相关内分泌代谢疾病的发病率不断上涨。加之中国“三孩”政策的全面放开，生育高峰再一次到来的同时一部分妊娠期妇女的年龄也超过35岁，高龄生育的各方面风险进一步增加。妊娠期糖尿病和妊娠期甲状腺疾病作为目前临床上最常见的内分泌代谢性疾病[1]，国内妊娠期糖尿病发病率在17%～20%左右，妊娠期甲状腺疾病发病率占孕妇的7%左右，均被认定为妊娠期高危疾病，若控制不佳可导致不良的妊娠结局[2]，在增加女性住院率及其他患病风险的同时，预防与治疗妊娠期疾病及其并发症或不良结局也将导致医疗费用的增长，进而造成较大的经济负担[3-4]。
针对疾病经济负担评价，国内多使用二步模型法[5]，或直接开展回顾性调查[6]。而CRITIC-VIKOR模型能够得到疾病等级，再对不同等级的疾病直接经济负担进行评估。因此，本文以妊娠期内分泌疾病为对象，通过CRITIC模型和VIKOR模型对住院患者直接经济负担进行评价，以期为妊娠期内分泌相关疾病提供支持。
1　资料与方法
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1.1　资料来源
本研究提取2021—2022年安徽省某三甲综合医院HIS系统中妊娠期内分泌疾病患者住院数据，根据《疾病和有关健康问题的国际统计分类》（ICD-10），以E05、E23、E28、O24等开头的编码，将其第一诊断信息作为统计依据。选择：毒性弥漫甲状腺肿、多囊卵巢综合征、产后垂体功能减退症和妊娠期糖尿病四种妊娠期内分泌疾病，对数据进行脱敏。直接医疗费用包括：医疗服务费、药费、检查费、治疗费、化验费、护理费、材料费。纳入标准：病案首页个人信息完整可靠。排除标准：（1）疾病编码错误；（2）住院信息不完善；（3）逻辑性异常或数据缺失；（4）重复数据。最终共纳入有效样本3 603例。
1.2　研究方法
1.2.1　CRITIC模型
CRITIC模型是一种客观赋权法。基于指标本身的对比强度和指标间的冲突性综合衡量指标的客观权重，考虑指标变异性的同时兼顾指标间的相关性[7]。相比常用的熵权法和标准离差法，能有效避免指标间相关性和波动性导致的权重失真等问题。对比强度（Sj）表现形式为标准差（n为评价指标数量），其值越大权重越高；而冲突性（Rj）是以指标间的相关系数为基础，第j个指标与其他指标的冲突性量化指标为（n为评价指标数量），其中rij为指标i和j之间的相关系数，冲突性越小即相关性越强。在确定标准权重时，同时考虑了标准的标准差及其与其他标准之间的相关性。因此得到第j准则（wj）的权重为。其中Cj是包含在j上面条件中的信息量，定为：，σj是第j个指标的标准差，rij是两个指标之间的相关系数。结果表明，Cj的值越大，从给定准则中获得的信息量越大，因此该准则对于决策问题的相对重要性越高。
1.2.2　VIKOR模型
VIKOR是一种基于理想解的多属性决策方法，通过界定理想解与负理想解，构建群体效用值和个体遗憾值模型，结合决策机制系数计算利益比率，并根据决策者的风险偏好进行评价。疾病经济负担评价是一个典型的模糊概念，其评价过程涉及多个目标，并且指标间相互影响，因此VIKOR法具有较强的适用性。本研究VIKOR模型具体步骤如下：
（1）构建决策矩阵并进行归一化，定义归一化决策矩阵Aij=Xij'。
求出正理想解A+与负理想解A-。公式如下：
（2）求出各方案的群体效益值，个体遗憾值Ri，以及折中值Qi。公式如下：
其中，
式中，k代表决策机制系数，取值范围在[0，1]，k值不小于0.5代表越偏向风险，小于0.5代表越偏向保守，k一般取值为0.5。根据Qi值对各方案进行排序，数值越小代表方案越优。为了同时追求群体效用最大化和个别遗憾最小化，本文的决策机制系数取0.5。利益比率按降序排序，利益比率数值越小，表明疾病经济负担越大。
2　结果
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2.1　基本情况
最终纳入3 603例妊娠期内分泌患者数据，经正态性检验，七项费用指标数据为非正态资料，故采用中位数进行描述性分析，见表1。
2.2　基于CRITIC模型的综合评价指标权重确定
对选取的妊娠期内分泌患者费用指标的变异性和评价指标间的冲突性进行信息量的核算。其中，各项指标的冲突性分布较为平均。综合医疗服务费在妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接疾病经济负担指标中所占权重最大为41.01%，其次是药费的31.34%，检查与治疗费和护理费所占权重均较小，分别为1.71%和1.74%。见表2。
2.3　基于VIKOR模型的患者直接疾病经济负担综合评价
运用VIKOR模型进行住院患者直接疾病经济负担综合评价，得到最终的群体效用值、个别遗憾值、利益率比。并按照从小到大对妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接疾病经济负担进行排序，值越小表示直接经济负担越大。结果提示，四类妊娠期内分泌疾病直接经济负担排名从高到低依次为：毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿、妊娠期糖尿病、产后垂体功能减退症、多囊卵巢综合征。见表3。
3　讨论
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3.1　患者住院费用结构有待体现医务人员技术劳务价值
根据表1描述性分析结果可知，横向比较住院费用，最大值、最小值数值差距大；纵向比较七项费用，中位数等数值差距较大，变异系数也能证明各项住院费用指标间变异及波动的幅度较大。其中，横向比较费用差距大，提示样本医院两年间收治各类妊娠期内分泌疾病患者的病情严重程度可能各有不同，导致医院治疗手段随之相应变化，产生的住院费用也各异；而纵向比较费用差距大，提示医院对于各项医疗资源的分配不同，导致各类技术劳动价值利用情况各异。具体对应到表2权重评价，从患者住院费用指标权重可以看出：体现医务人员劳动技术价值的综合医疗服务费在住院患者直接疾病经济负担指标中所占权重最大，为40.98%，提示医院能够有效保证医务工作者劳动收入。其次为药费，权重占比31.37%，相关资料指出妊娠期内分泌疾病多对症用药、指导用药各异，但妊娠期内分泌疾病常伴随多种内分泌代谢疾病，易出现长期用药，依然是影响住院总费用的重要影响因素[8]。本研究提出的毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿、妊娠期糖尿病等直接经济负担较重的疾病类型，能将妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者分为强、较弱、弱三层，分类管理并提供相应的个案护理、疾病管理等[9-10]。
护理费在总费用中仅占比1.74%，远低于医疗服务费和药费占比。优质的护理可以降低并发症发生率及最终成本，还有助于促进女性康复，提高生活质量[11]。研究也显示，门诊护理和住院护理都对患者产生积极作用，且门诊护理更能够显著降低治疗成本[12]。因此，医疗服务价格调整作为引发医疗费用结构变动的主要因素，对优化医疗费用结构具有调节作用[13]。应重视护理成本核算，检查护理业务损益情况[14]；通过合理提高护理人员技术劳务价值的服务价格，压缩部分设备费、高档检查费或药品费，进行总量控制，提高业务收入中技术劳务收入比重，持续优化医疗费用结构，保障公立医院良性运转。
3.2　孕产妇早期筛查、干预服务亟待完善
根据表3可知，毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿直接疾病经济负担最重，排名最低的是多囊卵巢综合征，两者间利率比值相差1，提示不同妊娠期内分泌疾病直接经济负担存在差异且差异大。产后垂体功能减退症和多囊卵巢综合征利益比率比值接近，均在0.7～0.8之间，提示样本医院中两者的疾病经济负担均较弱。毒性弥漫性甲状腺肿利益率值为1，和其他三类疾病经济负担差异大，应重点监测、管理。
妊娠期内分泌疾病会对孕妇和胎儿产生重大影响，妊娠糖尿病、妊娠期甲状腺疾病等都已被证实会与不良的妊娠结果联系起来。且疾病相关症状可能与妊娠期生理症状相似，孕妇易忽视。因此需重视并完善普遍筛查与尽早干预，此举能降低不良后果的发生率，还存在一定的成本效益。但需注意当前国际上并不建议对低风险妊娠期女性进行甲状腺功能减退的普遍筛查，认为还需更大队列的全面随机对照实验[15]。
3.3　CRITIC-VIKOR模型评价住院患者疾病经济负担有效可行
评价疾病经济负担包括二步模型法、直接推算法、人力资本法等，直接经济负担多使用上下法、二步模型法等。本文使用CRITIC模型和VIKOR模型综合评价妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接经济负担，两种模型均具有独特优势，两者结合被认为可以减少主观因素和不确定因素对评价结果的负面影响[16]。CRITIC赋权法可以充分挖掘原始数据提供的信息，对妊娠期内分泌疾病住院患者直接疾病经济负担进行客观、科学的综合评价；同时，从其运算过程中可以发现其注重各指标间的冲突性[17]，突出了指标间的协调性提高了指标权重测算的准确性[18]。且VIKOR模型考虑决策者主观偏好，将最大化的“群体效益”和最小化的“个体遗憾”相妥协，使多属性决策问题的研究更加合理。相关学者将CRITIC模型和VIKOR模型广泛应用于各类问题解决中[19-21]。同时指出VIKOR法的决策排名是各方满意度的平衡集合，更接近理想解决方案。因此，通过对本研究评价结果的分析也显示此模型具有可行性，能够对不同类型的妊娠期内分泌疾病患者直接疾病经济负担进行综合评价，为公立医院防治和诊疗提供参考依据。
基金
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  • 国家卫健委医院管理所研究项目(YLZLXZ22K001)
  • 安徽省重点研发计划高新领域项目(202304a05020071)
  • 安徽省高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2022-058)
  • 安徽省高等学校科学研究项目(2022AH040158)
  • 安徽省卫生健康科研项目（2023年度）(AHWJ2023A30040)
  • 安徽医科大学医院管理研究所开放项目(2023gYkJ01)
  • 安徽医科大学医院管理研究所开放项目(2022gykj06)
文献
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2024年第51卷第11期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202312465
  • 接收时间：2023-12-25
  • 首发时间：2026-03-18
  • 出版时间：2024-06-10
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  • 收稿日期：2023-12-25
基金
国家卫健委医院管理所研究项目(YLZLXZ22K001)
安徽省重点研发计划高新领域项目(202304a05020071)
安徽省高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2022-058)
安徽省高等学校科学研究项目(2022AH040158)
安徽省卫生健康科研项目（2023年度）(AHWJ2023A30040)
安徽医科大学医院管理研究所开放项目(2023gYkJ01)
安徽医科大学医院管理研究所开放项目(2022gykj06)
作者信息
    1.安徽医科大学卫生管理学院，安徽 合肥 230032
    2.安徽医科大学第二附属医院书记办公室，安徽 合肥 230601
    3.安徽医科大学第一附属医院医务处
    4.安徽医科大学第二附属医院团委办公室
    5.安徽医科大学第一附属医院人事处
    6.安徽医科大学医院管理研究所

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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