Article(id=1240738482251953041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240738480549065614, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411549, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1732809600000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-29, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773744705975, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1746806400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773744705975, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773744705975, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773744705975, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240738480549065614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, year='2025', volume='52', issue='9', pageStart='1537', pageEnd='1728', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773744705569, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773744787657, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240738824918192654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240738480549065614, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240738824922386959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, issueId=1240738480549065614, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1623, endPage=1629, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240738482532971412, articleId=1240738482251953041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=EN, title=Analysis of the mortality trend and years of life lost due to bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022, columnId=1228016572892119056, journalTitle=Modern Preventive Medicine, columnName=Primary Health Services, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the mortality trend and years of life lost due to bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022.

Methods

The data were derived from the cause-of-death monitoring database of registered residents in Pudong New Area, and the demographic data were provided by the Public Security Bureau of Pudong New Area.The crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), potential years of life lost (PYLL), potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR), average years of life lost (AYLL), standardized potential years of life lost (SPYLL), standardized potential years of life lost rate (SPYLLR) and probability of premature death were calculated. The Join point software was used to analyze the annual percent change (APC), and the differential analysis method was used to evaluate the influence of population age-structure factors on bladder cancer mortality.

Results

From 2002 to 2022, there were 2 244 deaths from bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. The average annual CMR was 3.81 per 100 000, showing an upward trend (APC=2.24%, Z=4.607, P < 0.001). The average annual Chinese-standardized mortality rate was 1.77 per 100 000, showing an overall downward trend (APC=-1.54%, Z=-3.236, P=0.002). The mortality rate of bladder cancer in men was higher than that in women (ZCMR=24.370, P < 0.001; χ2=1 143.000, P < 0.001). The mortality rate increased with age (χ2=9 324.374, P < 0.001),and the mortality rates in the 60 to >70-year-old group (APC=-3.36%, Z=-3.263, P=0.002) and the 70 to >80-year-old group (APC=-1.99%, Z=-3.229, P=0.015) decreased significantly. The PYLL due to bladder cancer death among residents in Pudong New Area was 9 120 person-years, and the AYLL was 4.06 years per person. The PYLL and AYLL in men were higher than those in women. The population age-structure factor was a risk factor for promoting bladder cancer mortality.

Conclusion

The mortality rate of bladder cancer increases with age, and the death burden of bladder cancer in men is heavier than that in women. Men over 60 years old should be regarded as a high-risk group. The population age-structure factor is the main reason affecting the bladder cancer mortality rate, and active measures should be taken to cope with the impact of aging. The probability of premature death in women shows an upward trend, and the prevention and control of bladder cancer in women need to be strengthened.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jia-yi SHENG, Liang-hong SUN, Hua CHEN, Sen WANG, Yi-chen CHEN, Li-peng HAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1240738483602518961, articleId=1240738482251953041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, language=CN, title=2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡趋势及减寿情况分析, columnId=1228016573533847611, journalTitle=现代预防医学, columnName=基层卫生服务, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的

探究2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡趋势以及减寿情况。

方法

数据来源于浦东新区户籍居民死因监测数据库,人口学资料由浦东新区公安局提供。计算粗死亡率(crude mortality rate, CMR)、标化死亡率(age-standardized mortality rate,ASMR)、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)、潜在减寿率(potential years of life lost rate,PYLLR)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost, AYLL)、标化潜在减寿年数(standardized potential years of life lost,SPYLL)、标化潜在减寿率(standardized potential years of life lost rate,SPYLLR)和早死概率;采用joinpoint软件分析年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC),运用差别分析法评估人口年龄结构因素对膀胱癌死亡的影响。

结果

2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡数共2 244例。年均CMR为3.81/10万,呈上升趋势(APC=2.24%,Z=4.607,P<0.001)。年均中标率为1.77/10万,整体下降(APC=-1.54%,Z=-3.236,P=0.002)。男性膀胱癌死亡率高于女性(ZCMR=24.370,P<0.001;χ2=1 143.000,P<0.001)。死亡率随年龄的上升而升高(χ2=9 324.374,P<0.001),60~>70岁组(APC=-3.36%,Z=-3.263,P=0.002)和70~>80岁组(APC=-1.99%, Z=-3.229,P=0.015)死亡率下降显著。浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡PYLL为9 120人年,AYLL为4.06人年,男性PYLL、AYLL高于女性。人口年龄结构因素是促进膀胱癌死亡率的危险因素。

结论

膀胱癌死亡率随年龄升高而上升,且男性膀胱癌死亡负担较女性更重,60岁以上男性应作为高危人群。人口年龄结构因素是影响膀胱癌死亡率的主要原因,需采取积极措施应对老龄化影响。女性早死概率有上升趋势,女性膀胱癌防控需加强。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
郝莉鹏,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=本刊刊出的所有文章不代表中华预防医学会和本刊编委会的观点,除非特别声明。, copyrightOwner=中华预防医学会和四川大学华西公共卫生学院, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=9ZD7JMFsMoJMS/XApXVgwg==, magXml=9LE7Wci4B/XrWaP0siksaQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=IIKaUEQJbfV9bPubgEiRRA==, pdfFileSize=756818, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=4EDt1N05Ts74OE5QjQdFJQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=0R2UOYdnzcHweEb/DtvydQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

盛嘉懿(1998—),女,硕士,医师,研究方向:生命统计工作

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盛嘉懿(1998—),女,硕士,医师,研究方向:生命统计工作

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European Urology, 2013, 63(2): 234-241., articleTitle=Epidemiology and risk factors of urothelial bladder cancer, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1241081878569087296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, awardId=PW2023D-15, language=CN, fundingSource=浦东新区卫生健康委员会联合攻关项目(PW2023D-15), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241081869152875378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241081869161263988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, companyId=1241081869152875378, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Pudong New Area Health Inspection Institute, Shanghai), Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200136, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241081869165458293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, companyId=1241081869152875378, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心(上海市浦东新区卫生健康监督所)复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海 200136)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241081876128002245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=EN, label=Figure 1, caption=Crude mortality rate of bladder cancer among residents of Pudong New District, Shanghai, 2002—2022, figureFileSmall=GKv1CZdYM8oDX/PyP40FjQ==, figureFileBig=dySTD/qrVl5jNIBX3TF19g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081876237054161, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=CN, label=图1, caption=2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌CMR, figureFileSmall=GKv1CZdYM8oDX/PyP40FjQ==, figureFileBig=dySTD/qrVl5jNIBX3TF19g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081876371271900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=EN, label=Figure 2, caption=Age- standardized mortality rate of China of bladder cancer among residents of Pudong New District, Shanghai, 2002—2022, figureFileSmall=cNenThjTQN7fTqk8abcaTg==, figureFileBig=FlqEE4v5bM3rvl/6ntq8Jw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081876480323814, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=CN, label=图2, caption=2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌中标率, figureFileSmall=cNenThjTQN7fTqk8abcaTg==, figureFileBig=FlqEE4v5bM3rvl/6ntq8Jw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081876597764333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=EN, label=Figure 3, caption=Potential years of life lost rates from bladder cancer among residents of Pudong New District, 2002—2022, figureFileSmall=N18ndBQjyLbBKQj5VNxrQw==, figureFileBig=872bd0yWeoX7fNISHcGZ9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081876731982071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=CN, label=图3, caption=2002—2022年浦东新区居民膀胱癌早死概率, figureFileSmall=N18ndBQjyLbBKQj5VNxrQw==, figureFileBig=872bd0yWeoX7fNISHcGZ9g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241081876870394109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Number of bladder cancer deaths and mortality rate of residents in Pudong New District, Shanghai, 2002—2022

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份(年)合计男性女性
死亡数粗死亡率
(/10万)
中标率
(/10万)
死亡数粗死亡率
(/10万)
中标率
(/10万)
死亡数粗死亡率
(/10万)
中标率
(/10万)
2002723.002.28534.423.69191.581.13
2003753.072.20504.093.13252.051.47
2004692.771.72524.172.76171.370.81
20051024.012.41826.444.13201.580.88
2006903.482.10705.403.49201.550.88
2007712.711.56594.492.71120.920.55
2008672.511.40503.752.25171.280.61
2009973.591.93685.032.77292.141.17
2010893.251.64634.612.41261.890.93
20111114.001.88886.373.07231.660.78
20121113.971.83825.882.85292.070.85
20131254.432.091017.173.52241.690.69
20141184.121.73906.312.65281.950.83
20151304.481.811047.193.02261.790.62
20161334.531.831067.233.01271.830.64
20171374.601.851057.082.93322.140.77
20181203.981.55916.062.32291.920.76
20191103.601.38956.242.41150.980.32
20201334.291.501006.482.31332.120.67
20211354.261.491106.982.44251.570.48
20221494.601.611157.142.44342.090.74
合计2 2443.811.771 7345.902.825101.730.76
APC(%)2.24-1.542.67-1.630.92-2.89
Z4.607-3.2365.044-3.0441.057-3.195
P<0.0010.002<0.0010.0030.3040.003
), ArticleFig(id=1241081876996223234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡数及死亡率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份(年)合计男性女性
死亡数粗死亡率
(/10万)
中标率
(/10万)
死亡数粗死亡率
(/10万)
中标率
(/10万)
死亡数粗死亡率
(/10万)
中标率
(/10万)
2002723.002.28534.423.69191.581.13
2003753.072.20504.093.13252.051.47
2004692.771.72524.172.76171.370.81
20051024.012.41826.444.13201.580.88
2006903.482.10705.403.49201.550.88
2007712.711.56594.492.71120.920.55
2008672.511.40503.752.25171.280.61
2009973.591.93685.032.77292.141.17
2010893.251.64634.612.41261.890.93
20111114.001.88886.373.07231.660.78
20121113.971.83825.882.85292.070.85
20131254.432.091017.173.52241.690.69
20141184.121.73906.312.65281.950.83
20151304.481.811047.193.02261.790.62
20161334.531.831067.233.01271.830.64
20171374.601.851057.082.93322.140.77
20181203.981.55916.062.32291.920.76
20191103.601.38956.242.41150.980.32
20201334.291.501006.482.31332.120.67
20211354.261.491106.982.44251.570.48
20221494.601.611157.142.44342.090.74
合计2 2443.811.771 7345.902.825101.730.76
APC(%)2.24-1.542.67-1.630.92-2.89
Z4.607-3.2365.044-3.0441.057-3.195
P<0.0010.002<0.0010.0030.3040.003
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The mortality rate of bladder cancer by age group for residents of Pudong New District, Shanghai, 2002—2022

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
年份(年)40~>50岁50~>60岁60~>70岁70~>80岁≥80岁
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
200251.0151.6994.451812.673463.75
200320.4072.0594.622415.643356.69
200410.1930.71104.862413.623144.19
200510.2091.97115.233318.084863.56
200600.0040.8594.163518.974254.93
200720.4220.4062.582714.453441.48
200810.2230.5783.132312.133235.42
200920.4681.4793.223317.354546.78
201000.0050.90103.283216.814241.26
201100.0050.89133.922714.146661.43
201210.2461.08113.032714.226657.79
201310.2561.08287.052814.936250.76
201400.0030.55153.452513.227557.24
201510.2610.19102.122713.969165.83
201610.2671.37214.202512.357955.46
201710.2571.45183.422812.848356.90
201800.0051.09203.64218.877449.64
201900.0092.01101.78238.886844.74
202000.0040.91172.98279.508555.19
202100.0030.69111.923611.588554.13
202210.2000.00111.954914.298855.52
合计200.211021.012663.3559213.451 26353.16
APC(%)-28.80-3.36-1.990.23
Z-1.791-3.263-3.2290.384
P0.0890.0040.0040.705
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2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民分年龄组膀胱癌死亡率

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年份(年)40~>50岁50~>60岁60~>70岁70~>80岁≥80岁
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
死亡数死亡率
(/10万)
200251.0151.6994.451812.673463.75
200320.4072.0594.622415.643356.69
200410.1930.71104.862413.623144.19
200510.2091.97115.233318.084863.56
200600.0040.8594.163518.974254.93
200720.4220.4062.582714.453441.48
200810.2230.5783.132312.133235.42
200920.4681.4793.223317.354546.78
201000.0050.90103.283216.814241.26
201100.0050.89133.922714.146661.43
201210.2461.08113.032714.226657.79
201310.2561.08287.052814.936250.76
201400.0030.55153.452513.227557.24
201510.2610.19102.122713.969165.83
201610.2671.37214.202512.357955.46
201710.2571.45183.422812.848356.90
201800.0051.09203.64218.877449.64
201900.0092.01101.78238.886844.74
202000.0040.91172.98279.508555.19
202100.0030.69111.923611.588554.13
202210.2000.00111.954914.298855.52
合计200.211021.012663.3559213.451 26353.16
APC(%)-28.80-3.36-1.990.23
Z-1.791-3.263-3.2290.384
P0.0890.0040.0040.705
), ArticleFig(id=1241081877411459351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Years of life lost indicators for bladder cancer among residents of Pudong New District, Shanghai, 2002—2022

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性别PYLL(人年)PYLLR(‰)AYLL(人年)SPYLL(人年)SPYLLR(‰)
7 5640.484.365 242.980.17
1 5560.103.05878.900.06
合计9 1200.294.065 242.980.28
), ArticleFig(id=1241081877650534685, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌减寿指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
性别PYLL(人年)PYLLR(‰)AYLL(人年)SPYLL(人年)SPYLLR(‰)
7 5640.484.365 242.980.17
1 5560.103.05878.900.06
合计9 1200.294.065 242.980.28
), ArticleFig(id=1241081877885415713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Difference decomposition of bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New District, Shanghai, 2002—2022

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标合计男性女性
2002年膀胱癌死亡率(/10万)3.004.421.58
2022年膀胱癌死亡率(/10万)4.607.142.09
总体变化值(/10万)1.602.720.50
人口结构因素贡献值(/10万)2.614.751.19
人口结构因素贡献率(%)163.33174.66237.63
非人口结构因素贡献值(/10万)-1.01-2.03-0.69
非人口结构因素贡献率(%)-63.33-74.66-137.63
), ArticleFig(id=1241081878120296744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1227665162245664772, articleId=1240738482251953041, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡率差别分解分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标合计男性女性
2002年膀胱癌死亡率(/10万)3.004.421.58
2022年膀胱癌死亡率(/10万)4.607.142.09
总体变化值(/10万)1.602.720.50
人口结构因素贡献值(/10万)2.614.751.19
人口结构因素贡献率(%)163.33174.66237.63
非人口结构因素贡献值(/10万)-1.01-2.03-0.69
非人口结构因素贡献率(%)-63.33-74.66-137.63
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2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡趋势及减寿情况分析
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盛嘉懿 , 孙良红 , 陈华 , 王森 , 陈亦晨 , 郝莉鹏
现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2025,52(9): 1623-1629
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现代预防医学 | 基层卫生服务 2025, 52(9): 1623-1629
2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡趋势及减寿情况分析
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盛嘉懿, 孙良红, 陈华, 王森, 陈亦晨, 郝莉鹏
作者信息
  • 上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心(上海市浦东新区卫生健康监督所)复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海 200136
  • 盛嘉懿(1998—),女,硕士,医师,研究方向:生命统计工作

通讯作者:

郝莉鹏,E-mail:
Analysis of the mortality trend and years of life lost due to bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022
Jia-yi SHENG, Liang-hong SUN, Hua CHEN, Sen WANG, Yi-chen CHEN, Li-peng HAO
Affiliations
  • Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Pudong New Area Health Inspection Institute, Shanghai), Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200136, China
出版时间: 2025-05-10 doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411549
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目的

探究2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡趋势以及减寿情况。

方法

数据来源于浦东新区户籍居民死因监测数据库,人口学资料由浦东新区公安局提供。计算粗死亡率(crude mortality rate, CMR)、标化死亡率(age-standardized mortality rate,ASMR)、潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)、潜在减寿率(potential years of life lost rate,PYLLR)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost, AYLL)、标化潜在减寿年数(standardized potential years of life lost,SPYLL)、标化潜在减寿率(standardized potential years of life lost rate,SPYLLR)和早死概率;采用joinpoint软件分析年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC),运用差别分析法评估人口年龄结构因素对膀胱癌死亡的影响。

结果

2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡数共2 244例。年均CMR为3.81/10万,呈上升趋势(APC=2.24%,Z=4.607,P<0.001)。年均中标率为1.77/10万,整体下降(APC=-1.54%,Z=-3.236,P=0.002)。男性膀胱癌死亡率高于女性(ZCMR=24.370,P<0.001;χ2=1 143.000,P<0.001)。死亡率随年龄的上升而升高(χ2=9 324.374,P<0.001),60~>70岁组(APC=-3.36%,Z=-3.263,P=0.002)和70~>80岁组(APC=-1.99%, Z=-3.229,P=0.015)死亡率下降显著。浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡PYLL为9 120人年,AYLL为4.06人年,男性PYLL、AYLL高于女性。人口年龄结构因素是促进膀胱癌死亡率的危险因素。

结论

膀胱癌死亡率随年龄升高而上升,且男性膀胱癌死亡负担较女性更重,60岁以上男性应作为高危人群。人口年龄结构因素是影响膀胱癌死亡率的主要原因,需采取积极措施应对老龄化影响。女性早死概率有上升趋势,女性膀胱癌防控需加强。

膀胱癌  /  死亡率  /  减寿年数  /  早死概率  /  趋势分析
Objective

To explore the mortality trend and years of life lost due to bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022.

Methods

The data were derived from the cause-of-death monitoring database of registered residents in Pudong New Area, and the demographic data were provided by the Public Security Bureau of Pudong New Area.The crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR), potential years of life lost (PYLL), potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR), average years of life lost (AYLL), standardized potential years of life lost (SPYLL), standardized potential years of life lost rate (SPYLLR) and probability of premature death were calculated. The Join point software was used to analyze the annual percent change (APC), and the differential analysis method was used to evaluate the influence of population age-structure factors on bladder cancer mortality.

Results

From 2002 to 2022, there were 2 244 deaths from bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. The average annual CMR was 3.81 per 100 000, showing an upward trend (APC=2.24%, Z=4.607, P < 0.001). The average annual Chinese-standardized mortality rate was 1.77 per 100 000, showing an overall downward trend (APC=-1.54%, Z=-3.236, P=0.002). The mortality rate of bladder cancer in men was higher than that in women (ZCMR=24.370, P < 0.001; χ2=1 143.000, P < 0.001). The mortality rate increased with age (χ2=9 324.374, P < 0.001),and the mortality rates in the 60 to >70-year-old group (APC=-3.36%, Z=-3.263, P=0.002) and the 70 to >80-year-old group (APC=-1.99%, Z=-3.229, P=0.015) decreased significantly. The PYLL due to bladder cancer death among residents in Pudong New Area was 9 120 person-years, and the AYLL was 4.06 years per person. The PYLL and AYLL in men were higher than those in women. The population age-structure factor was a risk factor for promoting bladder cancer mortality.

Conclusion

The mortality rate of bladder cancer increases with age, and the death burden of bladder cancer in men is heavier than that in women. Men over 60 years old should be regarded as a high-risk group. The population age-structure factor is the main reason affecting the bladder cancer mortality rate, and active measures should be taken to cope with the impact of aging. The probability of premature death in women shows an upward trend, and the prevention and control of bladder cancer in women need to be strengthened.

Bladder cancer  /  Mortality rate  /  Years of life lost  /  Probability of premature death  /  Differential analysis method  /  Trend analysis
盛嘉懿, 孙良红, 陈华, 王森, 陈亦晨, 郝莉鹏. 2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡趋势及减寿情况分析. 现代预防医学, 2025 , 52 (9) : 1623 -1629 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411549
Jia-yi SHENG, Liang-hong SUN, Hua CHEN, Sen WANG, Yi-chen CHEN, Li-peng HAO. Analysis of the mortality trend and years of life lost due to bladder cancer among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai from 2002 to 2022[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2025 , 52 (9) : 1623 -1629 . DOI: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411549
膀胱癌是泌尿系统最高发的恶性肿瘤,主要病理类型包括尿路上皮细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌和腺癌,其中尿路上皮细胞癌可占膀胱癌发病总量的90%以上[1-4]。根据国际癌症研究机构最新发布的癌症数据,2022年中国膀胱癌发病92 882例,位列所有癌症中第12位;死亡41 367例,位列第13位[5]。1990—2019年,中国膀胱癌标化发病率从3.3/10万上升到5.16/10万;据预测,2030年我国膀胱癌发病总数将达到约1 503 724例[3]。膀胱癌发病及死亡分布有明显的地区差异,发达地区高发,而欠发达地区则死亡率更高[6-7]。上海作为国内经济最发达地区之一,恶性肿瘤发病及死亡谱与全国有较大差异,膀胱癌的发病与死亡排名更靠前。2017年上海男性膀胱癌发病例数中第七位,死亡病例数为第八位,因此上海膀胱癌疾病负担较为严峻[8]。浦东新区是上海最大市辖区,其居民人数占市总人口的五分之一,对全市人口结构具有一定代表性。因此,本文利用浦东新区户籍居民死因监测数据,分析膀胱癌死亡特征及人口学影响因素,为上海及其他地区膀胱癌预防策略制定和应用提供参考。
以2002—2022年死于膀胱癌的浦东新区户籍居民为研究对象。死亡数据来源于浦东新区户籍居民死因监测数据库,根本死因依照第10版国际疾病分类(The International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems 10th Revision,ICD-10)编码,膀胱癌编码范围为C67.0~C67.9。
应用Excel 16.80整理数据,R 4.3.2进行统计学分析。中标率计算采用2010年全国第六次人口审查年龄构成。计算粗死亡率(crude mortality rate,CMR)、标化死亡率(age-standardized mortality rate,ASMR)、死亡中位年龄。运用Joinpoint 5.0.2对CMR、ASMR、死亡中位年龄、年龄别死亡率、早死概率进行趋势分析,计算年度变化百分比(annual percent change,APC)。设定期望年龄80岁为上限[9],计算潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)、潜在减寿率(potential years of life lost rate,PYLLR)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost,AYLL)、标化潜在减寿年数(standardized potential years of life lost,SPYLL)、标化潜在减寿率(standardized potential years of life lost rate,SPYLLR)。用差别分析法量化分析年龄结构因素及非年龄结构因素对膀胱癌死亡率的影响[10]。检验水准α=0.05。
2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡数共2 244例,年均CMR为3.81/10万,中标率为1.77/10万。见表1
总膀胱癌CMR呈现上升趋势(APC=2.24%, Z=4.607,P<0.001),见图1。中标率下降(APC=-1.54%,Z=-3.236,P=0.002),见图2
男性膀胱癌死亡1 734例,CMR为5.90/10万,中标率为1.77/10万;女性膀胱癌死亡510例,CMR为1.73/10万,中标率为0.76/10万。男性膀胱癌CMR和中标率均高于女性(ZCMR=24.370,P<0.001;χ2=1 143.000,P<0.001)。见表1图12
男性CMR整体趋势上升(APC=2.67%, Z=5.044,P<0.001),标化率整体下降(APC=-1.63%, Z=-3.044,P=0.003)。女性CMR整体稳定(APC=0.92%, Z=1.057, P=0.304),中标率整体下降(APC=-2.89%, Z=-3.195, P=0.003)。
2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡年龄范围32~101岁,中位年龄81岁。男性膀胱癌死亡中位年龄80岁,女性为83岁,男性膀胱癌死亡中位年龄低于女性(P<0.001)。膀胱癌死亡集中在80岁及以上老年人群,占56.28%。
60~>70岁组(APC=-3.36%, Z=-3.263, P=0.002)和70~>80岁组(APC=-1.99%,Z=-3.229,P=0.015)死亡率下降显著,但膀胱癌死亡率随着年龄的上升而升高(χ2=9 324.374,P<0.001)。见表2
2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌死亡PYLL为9 120人年,PYLLR为0.29‰,AYLL为4.06人年。男性PYLL为7 564人年,PYLLR为0.48‰,AYLL为4.36人年;女性膀胱癌死亡PYLL为1 556人年,PYLLR为0.10‰,AYLL为3.05人年。男性SPYLL和SPYLLR也都高于女性。见表3
2002—2022年上海市浦东新区膀胱癌早死概率整体趋势无明显变化(APC=-2.94%, Z=-1.934, P=0.068)。男性膀胱癌早死概率变化波折,呈下降、上升、再下降的过程,其中在2013—2022年显著下降(APC=-14.48%, Z=-2.349, P=0.030)。而女性膀胱癌早死概率变化呈U型,2002—2008年间下降(APC=-69.21%, Z=-6.906, P<0.001),随后上升(APC=55.35%, Z=9.313, P<0.001)。见图3
总人口中年龄结构因素所造成的膀胱癌死亡的贡献率达到163.33%,其中男性为174.66%,女性为237.63%。因此人口年龄结构是促进膀胱癌死亡率上升的重要因素。见表4
2002—2022年浦东新区居民膀胱癌CMR为3.81/10万,高于全国2019年膀胱癌死亡率平均水平,提示经济发达地区高发[11-16]
2002—2022年浦东新区居民膀胱癌CMR呈上升趋势,而中标率总体呈下降趋势,表明现阶段人口结构老龄化对膀胱癌CMR影响率较大。吸烟是膀胱癌最普遍的风险因素,可占膀胱癌死亡的28%[17-22]。Zhao、Pang等人[23-24]通过meta分析和孟德尔随机研究发现吸烟数量或持续时间与膀胱癌的发生之间存在剂量反应关系。楚楚等[25]研究1990—2019年江苏省吸烟归因死亡,发现膀胱癌死亡率的下降与居民吸烟率的减少相关。浦东新区膀胱癌中标率的下降可能与控烟有关。国家于2003 年签署《烟草控制框架公约》,上海在2009年通过了《上海市公共场所控制吸烟条例》,明确要求公共场所严禁吸烟,2018年上海市公共场所吸烟率下降了1.90%,控烟效果明显[26]
2002—2022年浦东新区男性膀胱癌死亡率显著高于女性,可能与男性吸烟率较高和职业性接触芳香胺、多环芳香烃、氯化烃等高致癌性化学物质机率高于女性有关。此外,男性生理结构也会导致膀胱癌死亡率更高,前列腺相关疾病会增加膀胱癌的死亡风险[27]
年龄分析显示,膀胱癌的死亡率随年龄的增长而升高,国内外多项研究也有相同结论[12,14-15]。这可能与膀胱癌的长潜伏期有关,其对健康的影响还未能展现[28],也可能与青壮年人群生化方式变化,如,吸烟率下降有关。60~>70岁及70~>80岁组老年人死亡率下降明显,可能与膀胱癌早期诊断、切除和靶向治疗技术不断进步有关[29-30]。政府在2005—2014年也向卫生系统投入大量财政补助,扩张医疗机构数、卫生人员数、医疗设备数等卫生项目[31]。≥80岁组的高死亡率则可能受到高龄老人数量的不断增加、老龄化的持续加剧影响[32]。而在50~>60岁组中年人群的死亡率无明显变化,可能受诊断分期、治疗疗效和生物因素有关。较年轻患者在确诊时往往处于膀胱癌晚期,肿瘤可能会更具侵袭性;在接受根治性膀胱切除术等积极治疗方案的频率也不及老年患者[33-34]
在减寿指标分析中发现,尽管男性膀胱癌死亡负担较女性重,但男性早死概率自2013年开始呈现下降趋势,而女性则在2008年之后有明显的上升。这可能与男女两性生理结构不同,在膀胱癌治疗中的不同反应有关。一项膀胱癌治疗效果的生存分析研究中发现,男性在疾病复发、病情进展和癌症特异性生存时间三项指标中优于女性[35]。获得医疗保健的机会不平等、诊断和治疗的延误、环境中致癌物质的暴露以及解剖和荷尔蒙因素等都是可能造成女性在膀胱癌治疗中效果较差的原因,进而影响女性寿命[36]
死亡率差别分解分析显示,人口年龄结构是促进膀胱癌死亡率上升的重要因素,而吸烟率的下降、早期检测和治疗的进步、医疗可及性的提高等非人口年龄结构因素为保护因素。人口年龄结构和非人口年龄结构因素贡献值在男性中对膀胱癌死亡率影响更为明显,原因可能与男女生理、吸烟等行为习惯差异有关。但女性的人口年龄结构、非人口年龄结构贡献率更大,说明女性膀胱癌死亡病例数很低,轻微的改变就能产生较大的影响。因此,加强禁烟力度、减少职业环境污染和医疗卫生条件,能改善全人群的膀胱癌死亡情况。
本文也有一定局限性,在人口结构因素方面仅简单分析了年龄因素的影响,其中可能会有时期、出生队列等其他混杂因素,因此结论不完全准确,仍需进一步深入研究。
综上所述,2002—2022年上海市浦东新区居民膀胱癌CMR总体上升,而中标率下降,且存在明显的性别差异,并与年龄因素成正相关,表明浦东新区的人口老龄化对膀胱癌死亡率的影响较大,年龄结构因素是重要的危险因素,因此应把60岁及以上男性作为高危人群,进行定期重点筛查。女性受膀胱癌影响导致的早死概率近年有上升趋势,因此也要重视女性膀胱癌预防及治疗措施。
  • 浦东新区卫生健康委员会联合攻关项目(PW2023D-15)
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2025年第52卷第9期
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doi: 10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202411549
  • 接收时间:2024-11-29
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2025-05-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-11-29
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浦东新区卫生健康委员会联合攻关项目(PW2023D-15)
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    上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心(上海市浦东新区卫生健康监督所)复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海 200136

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郝莉鹏,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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